Anatomy and Physiology

							Anatomy and Physiology

       Chapter 1
                  Outline
•   Introduction
•   Anatomy and Physiology
•   Characteristics of life
•   Maintenance of Life
•   Levels of organization
                Introduction

•   Renaissance – birth or new beginning
•   1300’s – 1500’s
•   Abiogenesis – Birth without life
•   Redi
                Anatomy
• The study of the parts and structures of
  the body
               Physiology
• The study of the functions of the parts and
  structures of the body
           Characteristics of life

•   Movement
•   Responsiveness
•   Growth
•   Reproduction
•   Respiration
•   Digestion
•   Absorption
•   Circulation
•   Assimilation
•   excretion
               metabolism
• All the reactions in the body
          Maintenance of Life
•   Requirement of organisms
•   1. water
•   2. foods
•   3. oxygen
•   4. heat
•   5. pressure
             homeostasis
• Steady state
• Regulation of the body to maintain a
  constant in environment.
              Levels of organization

•   Atoms – electrons, protons, neutrons
•   Elements – Au, H, Ag, Ar, N, He,
•   Molecules – O2, N2, H2,
•   Compounds – H2O, C6H12O6, CO2,
•   Macromolecule
•   Organelles – mitochondria, chloroplast, ER, ribosomes
•   Cell – RBC, WBC, neuron, osteocyte
•   Tissue – group of cells with similar structures and fx
            ex. Skin, hair, cornea, bone
•   Organs- group of tissues with similar structures and fx
•           ex. Brain, heart, lung, kidney, liver, stomach
•   Systems
•   organisms
                       Systems
•   Integumentary – skin, hair, nail
•   Skeletal – femur, tibia, rib
•   Muscular – bicep brachii, pectorialis minor, hamstring
•   Nervous – brain, eye, spinal cord
•   Digestion – stomach, esophagus, colon
•   Circulation – vein, heart, artery
•   Respiratory – lungs, diaphragm, bronchi
•   Urinary – kidney, ureter, urinary bladder
•   Lymphatic – lymph nodes, spleen, lymph
•   Endocrine – hormones, thyroid, estrogen
•   Reproduction – testes, ovary, oocyte, spermatazoa
Rest of Chapter 1 later