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July, 2004 doc.: IEEE 802.11-04/
WLAN Mesh
Usage Model and Considerations
for Hot Spot Service
Taejin Lee(Broadwave), Jongtaek Oh(Hansung Univ.),
Sukhee Bae(RRL), Jaewoo Lim(RRL)
2004. 7
Submission Slide 1 Broadwave, Hansung Univ., RRL
July, 2004 doc.: IEEE 802.11-04/
Contents
• First
• The status of Hot Spot Service in Korea
• Considerations for Hot Spot Service
• Addition of Usage Model for Hot Spot
• Considerations of WLAN mesh for Hot Spot
• Next Step
Submission Slide 2 Broadwave, Hansung Univ., RRL
July, 2004 doc.: IEEE 802.11-04/
First
• We have much interest on WLAN Mesh,
• and, we think WLAN Mesh has very important
role to extend the coverage of Hot Spot service.
• We hope that our suggestion would be helpful to
develop the WLAN Mesh standard,
• and, we support the standardization process with
the usage model.
Submission Slide 3 Broadwave, Hansung Univ., RRL
July, 2004 doc.: IEEE 802.11-04/
The Status of Hot Spot service in Korea(cont.)
• No. of Hot Spot Site in Korea: about 13,000 Sites
(by the end of 2003)
– Major service providers have the sites over 90%.
– Total amount would be about 50% to Worldwide
market.
• Service Site
– University
– Bank
– Restaurant
– Hotel
– Hospital, Young Street, etc.
• Service Fee : about $10~$50 per month
Submission Slide 4 Broadwave, Hansung Univ., RRL
July, 2004 doc.: IEEE 802.11-04/
The Status of Hot Spot service in Korea
• Service Traffic
– Down link: 2.93Mbps, Up link: 1.42Mbps(average rate)
– RTT : 24.66m, Loss rate : 0.02% (from www.benchbee.co.kr)
• Client Terminals & Service Categories
– Family : 1 to multi PCs in home & Hot Spot
– Solo : Fully Wireless Internet Connection
– Biz : Wireless SI for Biz
– Pop : Hot Spot Service
– Swing : Hot Spot & Mobile Phone
• Subscribers: 337,000 (2003.9)
– Forecast 1,000,000 sub., 16,000 hot spots
(2004 year)
Submission Slide 5 Broadwave, Hansung Univ., RRL
July, 2004 doc.: IEEE 802.11-04/
Considerations of Hot Spot Service
• Easy installation
– Appropriate coverage
– Installation criteria : bps/user, bps/area
• Deployment cost
– AP cost
– Backbone cost
– Site lease cost
• Management cost
– Repair cost
– Accessory cost (Electric rate)
802.11 ESS Mesh has the strong point for the above considerations.
Submission Slide 6 Broadwave, Hansung Univ., RRL
July, 2004 doc.: IEEE 802.11-04/
The gravity of P2P Traffic
• BISP statistics
– P2P Traffic Portion
Busy Hour Time Average Distributions
23:00 Down Up Total Total Down Up Total
HTTP 29.82% 8.97% 24.85% HTTP 32.37% 8.43% 25.73%
P2P 30.55% 51.41% 35.52% P2P 27.97% 49.60% 33.97%
VOD 3.93% 0.41% 3.09% VOD 2.72% 0.22% 2.03%
FTP 4.23% 0.43% 3.32% FTP 2.73% 1.79% 2.47%
Mail 0.01% 0.03% 0.02% Mail 0.03% 0.05% 0.04%
All All
31.46% 38.75% 33.20% 34.18% 39.91% 35.77%
Others Others
P2P Traffic is important traffic and increasing as time goes on
* Study of using frequency for HPI and mobile communication,RAPA, 2003
Submission Slide 7 Broadwave, Hansung Univ., RRL
July, 2004 doc.: IEEE 802.11-04/
Addition of Usage Model(1)
Applications
Offered MSDU Maximum
Applicati Maximum Source
Number Load Protocol Size E2E Delay
on E2E PLR [ref]
(Mbps) (B) (ms)
0.7~10
22 P2P (based on TCP < 512 n/a n/a RFC791
xDSL)
Use Cases
Typical Both Application
Number Use Case Application Environment Endpoints within
the WLAN
(not exclusive) Mesh?
Residential,
P2P Communication Peer to Peer Sharing
43 Hot Spot – Usually no
Using emulation MP3, Video(Divx,
indoor &
program(ex: e-donkey) mpg..) files
outdoor
Submission Slide 8 Broadwave, Hansung Univ., RRL
July, 2004 doc.: IEEE 802.11-04/
Addition of Usage Model(2)
Use Models
Usage Usage
Num
Model Model Description of Usage Model Sample Topology
ber
Category Name
While wireline backbone is relatively
difficult and inflexible and expensive to
deploy for a large area, WLAN mesh
backhaul becomes cost effective
deployment . WLAN have sporadic hot- Mesh AP Mesh AP
Main spot coverage in offices, cafes, train
Internet Mesh AP Portal Mesh AP
20 Hot Spot Leased Line
Street stations, etc. Distributed relaying /Metro Ethernet
or xDSL
PDA
PDA
potentially increases capacity at WLAN PDA
cell edges and closes coverage holes in
sufficiently dense deployment areas. 50~100m
Also, service area expansion and shadow
area reduction by mesh network.
Submission Slide 9 Broadwave, Hansung Univ., RRL
July, 2004 doc.: IEEE 802.11-04/
Addition of Usage Model(3)
Usage Usage
Num
Model Model Description of Usage Model Sample Topology
ber
Category Name
Internet
For vehicles moving along the
Subway MES
H
fixed route, like subway Porta
l
MESH AP MESH AP
MESH AP
MESH AP MESH AP MESH AP
2
0
m
20 Hot Spot
Interwo Hot Spot CDMA
rking Interworking with mobile Hot Spot ISP Mobile Carrier
1x, EV-DO
Fixed
mobile communication network in the hot Line The
Internet
Mesh AP
commu spot area Mobile
worker with
CDMA Base
Station
Notebook
nication PC,PDA
Mesh AP
Submission Slide 10 Broadwave, Hansung Univ., RRL
July, 2004 doc.: IEEE 802.11-04/
Addition of Usage Model(4)
Use Model Characteristics(1)
Deployment Characteristics
Usage Mesh Physical
Usage Usage # Mesh
Model Total Topology Mesh Mesh
Model Model Mesh APs/Points # STA STA
Catego # Mesh (Physical Area AP/Point
# Name Deployment AP/Point with Portals STA Distri mobi
ry APs/ Size/Shape, Include Join/Exit
Environment Mobility to Other s bution lity
Points Sample Topology Frequency
LANs
Map)
Main Small Approx. Indoor/
High High 1 20
Street 4~5 500m^2 Outdoor
Approx.
Small 200m x 50m
Hot Subway Outdoor High High 1 50
20 10 (train length
Spot
about 20m)
Inter
working
Small Approx. Indoor/
Mobile High High 1 20
4~5 500m^2 Outdoor
Commu
nication
Submission Slide 11 Broadwave, Hansung Univ., RRL
July, 2004 doc.: IEEE 802.11-04/
Addition of Usage Model(5)
Use Model Characteristics(2)
Traffic Characteristics
Unique Mesh
Unique AP/Mesh Point Management and
Both
Mesh application Device Configuration of Motivations for
Security Com
Use Cases APs/points WLAN Mesh(Self WLAN
End-Points Requirements/ Characteristics ment
(including may be configuration or Deployment
Application commonly Characteristics (e.g. power antenna,
Applications) Managed)
End-Points? within the .etc)
WLAN Mesh
Network
2,5,6,9,10, Center or reliability,
Omin or Self configuration
11,13,18, No Usually No Distributed Directional Low
Key antenna (?) deployment
21,31,43 management
Cost
Support
2,5,6,9,10, Center or High Speed
Omin or Self configuration
11,13,18, No Usually No Distributed Directional Mobility,
Key antenna (?)
21,31,43 management Network
Reliability
1,2,5,6,9,10, Center or
Omin or Self configuration Seamless
11,13,18, No Usually No Distributed Directional
Key antenna (?) connectivity
21,31,43 management
Submission Slide 12 Broadwave, Hansung Univ., RRL
July, 2004 doc.: IEEE 802.11-04/
Sample Topology for Hot Spot
Main Street
Internet
Leased Line
Mesh AP Portal Mesh AP Mesh AP Mesh AP
/Metro Ethernet
or xDSL
PDA
PDA
PDA
50~100m
Submission Slide 13 Broadwave, Hansung Univ., RRL
July, 2004 doc.: IEEE 802.11-04/
Sample Topology for Hot Spot
Main Street Small
Mesh AP Portal Mesh AP
50~100m
400~800m
Main Street Large
Lack of non interference frequency?
For example :
400~800m f3 f2 f1 f3
f1 f3 f2 f1 x2 ?
f2 f1 f3 f2
Submission Slide 14 Broadwave, Hansung Univ., RRL
July, 2004 doc.: IEEE 802.11-04/
Sample Topology for Hot Spot
Subway
Internet
MESH Portal
MESH AP MESH AP MESH AP MESH AP MESH AP
MESH AP
20m
Submission Slide 15 Broadwave, Hansung Univ., RRL
July, 2004 doc.: IEEE 802.11-04/
Sample Topology for Hot Spot
Interworking mobile communication
Hot Spot CDMA
Hot Spot ISP Mobile Carrier
1x, EV-DO
Fixed
Line
The Internet
Mesh AP
Mobile worker CDMA Base
with Notebook Station
PC,PDA
Mesh AP
Submission Slide 16 Broadwave, Hansung Univ., RRL
July, 2004 doc.: IEEE 802.11-04/
Considerations of WLAN mesh for Hot Spot(1)
DHCP NMS AAA
Metro Ethernet
IP network
Or DSL
f2 f2
f1
f1 CP
f2
f2
f2
Other ISP AP
f1
Submission Slide 17 Broadwave, Hansung Univ., RRL
July, 2004 doc.: IEEE 802.11-04/
Considerations of WLAN mesh for Hot Spot(2)
DHCP NMS AAA
Metro Ethernet
IP network
Or DSL
f2 f2
f1
f1 CP
f2
f2
f2’
f1
Submission Slide 18 Broadwave, Hansung Univ., RRL
July, 2004 doc.: IEEE 802.11-04/
Considerations of WLAN mesh for Hot Spot(3)
• Multi radio Mesh AP
– F1 Frequency Band(NWA) : 2.4GHz, 5.15~5.35GHz,
5.460~5.725GHz(5GHz not allocated in Korea, but
anticipated by 2004, Q3)
– F2 Frequency Band(FWA/WDS) : 5.725~5.825GHz
(4W EIRP available)
– F1 Throughput : <54Mbps, F2 Throughput :>54Mbps
• DFS Function
– If the interference of F1 increases, then it changes to
dynamic channel.
Submission Slide 19 Broadwave, Hansung Univ., RRL
July, 2004 doc.: IEEE 802.11-04/
Considerations of WLAN mesh for Hot Spot(4)
• Mesh Link Traffic
– Mesh Link should not decrease the throughput due to
sub-network traffic.
– Therefore it needs 802.11 ESS mesh APs with Multi
radio.
– Mesh AP will be required the high performance(increase
cost).
• Interference
– Interference decrease the throughput.
– Need such as DFS Algorithm or new algorithm
– DFS function needs that F2 section is prior to F1 section.
Submission Slide 20 Broadwave, Hansung Univ., RRL
July, 2004 doc.: IEEE 802.11-04/
Next Step
• Support of usage model for Hot Spot
– Classification of detail Category
• Main street, Subway, Interworking mobile communication etc
– Analysis of P2P traffic
• Determination parameter
– Study of Sample Topology and usage model characteristics
• Make the proper sample topology and define the characteristics
• Offer hot spot ISP’s help
Submission Slide 21 Broadwave, Hansung Univ., RRL
