States of Matter Chemistry

G. Behavior of Gases 1. Gas pressure is caused by collisions of gas particles on surfaces. 2. Pressure is measured in pascals. 3. 1 Pa = 1 N / m^2 4. Standard air pressure at sea level is 101.3 kPa … this is the same pressure as a big truck (14.7 pounds / sq. inch). 5. We normally use “atm” for problems 6. Boyle’s Law a. The volume of a gas varies inversely with its pressure if temperature remains constant. b. P1 • V1 = P2 • V2 Pushing the plunger down will increase the pressure Volume of the gas inside the cylinder will decrease 7. Charles’s Law a. The volume of a gas varies directly with its temperature if pressure remains constant. b. V1 / T1 = V2 / T2 A balloon shrinks when submerged in cold water 8. Gay-Lussac’s Law Pressure varies directly with temperature if volume remains constant. Don’t throw it in a fire!