Lesson 4 Beauty Is Truth

							《大学英语教程》第三册教案




   外语系:陈庆红
                                       Lesson 9
                                       Pompeii
Aims: 1. Get the students to read and understand the text and help them master the
              structures of the patterns;
       2. Get the students to master the words in Word Study and the derivatives of
              words;
       3. Help them master the grammatical rules presented;
       4. Help them finish all the exercises both in vocabulary and in grammar.
Main Points: Understanding the text and learning the Words and Grammar
Difficult Points: The structures of difficult sentences
Teaching Methods: Discussion, interpretation and the students’ teaching.
                            Teaching Plan
I.        Greetings
II.       Introduction
In this piece ,the author brings the tragedy of Pompeii to life.In the modern world,we
have become accustomed to reducing natural disasters to mere statistics.By using his
imagination,Silverbury has put a human face on this momentous event.Perhaps there is
a lesson for all to learn here.
III. Notes in the Text:
1.A.D.79----in full: Anno Domini,Latin for the Year of Our Lord.
2.rich men came down: Some people say down from a big city.They also use down and
up when speaking of universities.Down and up do not necessarily mean south and
north.
3.Rising behind the city: what is the subject,and what is the function of a
grass---covered slope…in the sentence?
4.4000---foot Vesuvius: Note there is no need to say 4000---foot---high.
5.A terrible rain of fire and ash:The fire and ash fell like rain.
6.which had slept quietly:the scientific word for an inactive volcano is dormant which
means sleeping.In a scientific piece the writer would have said:Mount Vesuvius,which
had been dormant for centuries.
7.Beneath the protecting shroud of ash,the city lay intact.
Paraphrase:The city remained as it had been before the eruption.
8.The wine jars were in place:in their original place or position
9.To go to Pompeii today is to take a trip backward in time.
Paraphrase:When you go to Pompeii today it is like going back 1700 years in history to
see the city as it actually was then.
10.Such was Pompeii on its last day
Note Pompeii is the subject.
11.A good imagination is all you need to restore it to activity.
Paraphrase:If you have a good imagination you will be able to imagine it as it it was on
that day.You will be able to imagine the sights, sounds and smells of a busy,prosperous
Roman town.
12.slates:until paper became cheap and plentiful,schoolchildren everywhere wrote on
slates.
13.political signs:They probably mean notices,slogans,criticism,etc.
14.Doom was at hand:Death was near.
15.The quick---witted:those who think fast and intelligently.Opposite:slow---witted and
dull---witted.
16.the nightmare of the streets:being in the streets was like having a nightmare
17.Poisonous gas:poisonous is the correct adjective for this gas that came from the
volcano.Poison gas is the name given to poisonous gas which is specially manufactured
to kill one’s enemies.
18.Dead---end streets:streets which do not lead anywhere,which are blocked at one end
19.expecting the end:waiting to be killed
20.Lay down on beds of pumice stones:lay down as if on a bed.
21.Not once had Vesuvius stopped hurling…
Inverted order for emphasis and framatic effect.
22.to be exact:to be accurate,to be precise
23.an arm:This is a metaphor.The Bay of Naples is like an arm of the Mediterranean.
24.generally speaking,a shepherd is a person who takes care of sheep and goats are
taken care of by a goatherd.
25.It died suddenly,in a terrible rain of fire and ash.
This is a metaphor. The same meaning can also be expressed in a simile which is
characteristic of the word “like”:The fire and ash fell like rain.
26.to strike:of disaster,illness,death to come suddenly esp.violently upon
27.to break through:to make a way through an obstacle;to overcome
28.the clouds of volcanic ash:the dark clouds formed by the smallest pieces of ash and
the volcanic dust that were suspended in the air.
29.to perish:to die,esp.in a terrible or sudden way.
30.heavens:the sly,the space above us seeming to form a vault
31.in port;to stay at the shore instead of being at sea
IV. Do the exercises
V. Summary and analyze the sructure of the text .
VI. Teaching Postscript
                               Lesson 10
                             The Men in Asbestos
Aims: 1. Get the students to read and understand the text and help them master the
              structures of the patterns;
       2. Get the students to master the words in Word Study and the derivatives of
              words;
       3. Help them master the grammatical rules presented;
       4. Help them finish all the exercises both in vocabulary and in grammar.
Main Points: Understanding the text and learning the Words and Grammar
Difficult Points: The structures of difficult sentences
Teaching Methods: Discussion, interpretation and the students’ teaching.
                           Teaching Plan
I. Greatings
II. Notes in the Text:
1.To begin with...----First of all I should admit that I did it to some degree out of
jealousy.
1)begin with: ffirst of all; first
2)partly: to some degree.
3)from: out of, due to.
1. It seemed unfair....
1) at will: just as or when sb.wishes; freely.
2) To drop into: to pass or slip into a condition.
3) To plunge into: to fall or throw oneself into a place or a situation; to enter through
     something.
4) Headfirst: with the head leading; headlong.
2. It was, in a way,clear straight suicide...
1) In a way: from one point of view.
3. I could feel my senses leaving me.
1) senses: normal ability to think or reason soundly, correct judgment.
4. ...in which the very existence of the outer world was hushed. ---- the senses left
     him mentioned in the previous sentence. Therefore, the world around him was
     silent and still.
1) to hush: to be or become silent or still.
5. Dimly I could feel the days go past, then the years, and then the long passage of
     the centuries.___ Vaguely I could feel the days go past, then the years go past, and
      then the long centuries go past.
1) passage: the act of passing, especially.
7....and looked about me.
1) to look about: to look around; look on every side.
8. I found myself sitting on a broad couch in some kind of museum.
1) to find oneself: to discover oneself in a situation suddenly; and unexpectedly.
2) couch: a sofa on which a patient lies while doctors are doing some treatment.
3) some kind of : a doubtful member of one type.
9. “Quick” I said, eager to begin, “ Where am I ? Who are you.
1) begin: strike up a conversation with sb.
10. “I haven’t the faintest idea.” ____ “ I really don’t know.
1) faint: lacking certainty.
11. “Don’t you keep track of them any more?” I gasped.
1) to keep track of : to observe the progress of; follow.
2) to gasp: this word gives the implication that he was greatly shocked.
12....my brain reeling.
1) To reel: to feel dizzy; feel upset or confused.
13.....he ejaculated.
1) to ejaculate: to speak suddenly and passionately; exclaim, cry out.
14. Oddly enough the first question that sprang to my lips was.
1) to spring to one’s lips: ( of a word or words) to be unwxpectedly or suddenly
expressed, often without conscious control.
15. “You are in a museum,...and come out on Broadway.”
1) cases: container; box.Here the author was treated as a speciment of cultural relic like
other persons in the boxes.
2) but here: but now, but listen. It is used to call sb’s attention.
3) evidently: clearly, obviously.
4) Broadway: street in New York City.
16__...I stood riveted in astonishment. ___... standing there, I was so astonished that I
could not move my legs as if they were fastened on the ground with a rivet./ I stood
still as if I turened to stone/ Too surprised, I stood petrified/ paralyzed.
       1) to rivet: to fasten or secure as if with a rivet.
17. Broadway! Was it possible? ... Not a vehicle moved.
     In this paragraph, the author makes use of a series of short sentences to achieve an
effect of emphasis. Their very bareness and brevity underscore his strong feeling of
surprise.
18. In place of the roaring thorouhgfare that I had known, this silent, mossgrown
desolation._____ This silent, moss-grown desolation had taken the place of the roaring
thoroughfare that I had known.
1) in place of: instead of.
2) roaring thoroughfare: noisy busiest street.
3) moss-grown desolation: deserted place covered with moss.
4) desolation: deserted land; no man’s land.
19. There were no wires overhead....infinite age upon them.
1) wires: wires for electricity.
2) to and fro: back and forth.
20.Good heavens...almost speechless.___ He had hoped to see the era when man had
conquered nature served man’s needs. But the future world he was in now, which
presented a picture of desolation, was quite different from what he had expected. He
was almost made speechless.
1) the era of the conquest: the era when man has conquered nature.
21. And was this the era of the conquest that I had hoped to see?
1)era: a period of time accounted by particular events.
2) conquest: gaining control of or overcoming by physical, mental, or moral force.
22. I had always taken for granted that humanity was destined to move forward.
1) to take sth. for granted: to consider as true, real.
2) to be destined to do: to be determined beforehand.
3) to render: to give or make available; provide.
23. I gasped out a question.
1) to gasp out: to speak or laugh in a breathless manner/ out of breath.
24. “Oh, done away with long ago,”...__ They were done away with long ago.
1) to do away : to make an end of; wliminate. To destroy; kill.
25. “But how do you get about?”_____ “ How do you travel around?”
1) to get about: to move about; travel around.
26.A thousand questions surged into my mind at once.___ A lot of questions came into
my mind like powerful waves at once.
1) to surge: to move like advancing waves.
27. I tried to pull my senses together.____ I tried to calm myself down think
reasonably.
28. I must go at it systematically.____ I must do it in an organized way./ I must do it
step by step./ I must do it in an orderly way.
1) to go at : to go toward; move.
29. ... “ that momentous things have happened since my time...”
1) momentous: most important; exrememly significant; world-shaking; earthshaking;
critical; fateful;imperative;far-reaching.
30. ... “ it died out of itself”___... “ work became no longer existed as a result of
working.
1) to die out: to stop living completely; become extinct.
2) of: by; caused by; resulting from.
III. Do the exercises
IV. Summary and analyze the sructure of the text .
V. Teaching Postscript




                             Lesson 11
                         Diogenes and Alexander
Aims: 1. Get the students to read and understand the text and help them master the
              structures of the patterns;
       2. Get the students to master the words in Word Study and the derivatives of
              words;
       3. Help them master the grammatical rules presented;
       4. Help them finish all the exercises both in vocabulary and in grammar.
Main Points: Understanding the text and learning the Words and Grammar
Difficult Points: The structures of difficult sentences
Teaching Methods: Discussion, interpretation and the students’ teaching.
                            Teaching Plan
I. Greatings
II. Notes in the Text:
1. lunatic:(a person who is) mad ,foolish
2. He was one,but not the other.---He was a begger, but not a lunatic.
3. He had opened his eyes with the sun at dawn,…---he had woken up when the sun
rose in the early morning…
4. …done his business like a dog…---urinated and made a bowel move-ment as a
dog did…
5. …washed them down with a few handfuls of water…---he drank some water to
chase the food down to his stomach…
6. Having no work to go to and no family to provide for,he was free.---in this
institute,scientists are provided with advanced computers.(供给)
7. As the market place filled up with shoppers and merchants and slaves and
foreigers, he had strolled through it for an hour or two. To stroll(through): to walk
leisurely(through),e.g.
8. They would throw sharp questions at him and get sharp answers.---Those people
at the market place would ask him sharp question and Diogenes would give
quick,rather angry, and often amusing answers.
9. Sometimes they threw bits of food, and got scant thanks;sometimes a mischievous
pebble, and got a shower of stones and abuse. This balanced parallel structure stresses
Diogenes’ difference from other people.
a shower of stone and abuse: to give in return so many stones and abuse
10. He knew they were mad, each in a different way…---Note that mad here is not in
the medical sense, but rather in a mental sense.
11. It was not a house, not even a squatter’s hut.
squatter’s hut: a very simple house
12. He thought everybody lived far too elaborately,expensively,
anxiously.elaborately: in a way which is full of care and fine detail.
13. No one needs privacy;natural acts are not shammeful;…
privacy: the state of being away from the presence,notice,or activities of others,e.g.
14. All we require,since nature did not dress us properly,is one garment to keep us
warm,and some shelter from rain and wind.
        An elliptical structure.If in full,it would be“…some shelter to keep us from rain
and wind.”
15….and he slept in a cash.
   A cash:a barrel-shaped container for storing liquids
16.People called him The Dog and called his Cynicism
(doggishness)..and occasionally converting one of them.
To mock:to laugh at or make fun of ,esp.unkindly or unfairly
To convert:to make a spiritual change in
17.But he was the first who ever did so by choice,out of principle.
He was the first who ever did chose to live in such in a shabby“house”according to his
own belife.
out of principle: because of his principle
18. He was a philosopher who wrote plays and poems and essays expounding his
doctrine;…
    to expound his doctrine: to explain and interpret his set of principles
19.Live without conventions…
Conventions should be avoided because they are unnatural and not necessarily part of
hunman life.
20….escape complexites and extravagances:only so can you live a free life.---…avoid
unnatural and material---laden life;…
21.The rich man…is their slave.---Here the“rich man”refers to any rich man,not a
particular person.
22.In order to procure a quantity of false,perishable goods he was sold the only
true,lasting good,his own independence.---to procure:to obtain,esp.by effort or careful
attention
23.Not so Diogenes. He was a missionary.---a missionary:a person who undertakes the
work of a religious mission,that is to work in a group of people who are sent espcially
abroad by a Church or other religious organization to make conversions.
24.His life’s aim was clear to him: it was“to restamp the currency.”:to take the clean
metal of human life,to erase the old false conventional markings,and to imprint it with
its true values.---Note the metaphor here.Diogenes compared human life to a
coin,human value system to the old and a new coin out of it.
25.But for Diogenes,laboratory and specimens and lecture halls and pupils were all to
be found in a crowd of ordinary people.--- specimen: a part or individual taken to
typify the whole or the class,esp.for the purpose of scientific investigation; a sample
26.And,by design,…what real life was.
   By design:with a purpose,intentionally,e.g:Some mythologies tell that the world is
made by design.
27.He thought most people were only half-alive,most men only half-men.---He thought
people were over-worried and too busy at gaining perishable thing.
28.“I’m trying to find a man.”---I’m trying to find a man up to my philosophical
standard who gets rid of the falsity of human soicety and lives simply.
29.Once there was a war scare so serious that it stirred even the lazy,profithappy
Corinthians.
   All their preparation for the war was as meaningless as the rolling of an old cask.
30.“Whenyou are all so busy…ought to do something!”
---Hint:Keep in mind Diogenes’philosophy of life.
31….showed his teeth and barked at those he disliked.
---…opened his mouth angrily and uttered words abruptly like a dog.
32.the Shah of Persia. Persia:also called Persian Empire,an ancient empire located in
West and Southwest Aisa.
33.He look them over,as a sober man looks at a crowd oftottering
drunks and shook his head.
Here,Diogenes seems clear-minded,while the servants of Alexander are drunk to
him,and he shook jis head in disapproval.
(1) to look sb. from head to foot
(2) to look sb.from to toe,etc.
34….the Macedonian king,who was visiting his new realm.
   Macedonian: of Macedonian, an ancinet country in the Balkan
Peninsula,North of ancient Greece
   realm:kingdom,territory
35.Only twenty,Alexander was far older and wiser than his years.---He developed
quickly both physically and mentally,thus he looked far older and more intelligent than
people of his own age.
36.Like all Macedonians he loved drinking,but he could usually handle it;and toward
women he was nodly restrained and chivalrous.Like all Macedonians he loved
fighting;he was a magnificent commander,but he was not merely a military automation.
to handle:to control;deal with,e.g.
(1) He handled a difficult argument skillfully.
(2) A good teacher must know how to handle children.
37.Now Alexander was in Corinth to take command of the League of Greek States
which,his father Philip had created.
   command:control,e.g.
(1) The army was under the king’s direct command
(2) Who is in command of our navy?
to take command of : to assume control over
38.He was welcomed and honored and flattered.
        Here the sentence implies that people went to him with their own intentions.
39.He was the man of the hour,of the century;…---He was the central attention of his
time,and even the most significant figure of the century;…
of the hour: at the present time,e.g.
40….he was unanimously appointed commander-in chief of a new expedition against
old,rich,corrupt Aisa.
   expedition:long journey for military purpose,to conquer.
41.to seek employment with him…---…to purpose /look for a chance to work for him,
including fighting in his army,being a clerk or working in other affiliated departments
under his command…
42.With that generosity…
         This implies that Alexander was free of mean feelings.
43.With his handsome face,his fiery glance,his strong body,his purpose and gold
clock,and his air of destiny,he moved through the the parting crowd toward the Dog’s
kennel.
   fiery glance: glowing and flashing eyes
   air: appearance or manner
44.When a king approaches…Diogenes said nothing.
       These sentences indicate that Diogenes was different from those who were all
under the sweep of Alexander.
45….all greet him with a bow or an acclamation.---…all would bow or acclaim (to
applaud by shouting;hail)
   “       ”             “                           re
46. Yes， said the dog, Stand to one side.You’ blocking the sunlight.”        ---Diogenes
was true to his doctine and his natural needs(for the sun).
   to block the sunlight: to shade me from the sunlight.
47.There was an amazed silence.
         Although the crowd still kept silence,it could be seen that the people were
astonished.
Amazed silence:transferred epithet,silence can’t be amazed,and only people can
48.A titter broke out from the elegant Greeks.---The graceful Greeks could not help
breaking into titter(a quiet,nervous or silly laugh)
49.“If I were not Alexander,I should beDiogenes.”---“I would like to be Diogenes, if I
were not what I am now.”
50.They took it as a paradox.But Alexander meant it.---They understood it as a
well-said sentence,but actually,Alexander was not joking.He was serious about it.
   paradox: a statement which seemed to be impossible,because it says two opposite
things,but which has some truth in it ,e.g.“More haste,less speed” is a paradox.
51.He knew that of all men then alive in the world…
of all men : out of all men ,e.g.
Of all the people in the room,he should choose me to do the dirty work!
III. Do the exercises
IV. Summary and analyze the sructure of the text .
V. Teaching Postscrip
                                     Lesson 12

                            Farewell,My Unlovely
Aims: 1. Get the students to read and understand the text and help them master
the structures of the patterns;
       2. Get the students to master the words in Word Study and the derivatives of
words;
       3. Help them master the grammatical rules presented;
       4. Help them finish all the exercises both in vocabulary and in grammar.
Main Points: Understanding the text and learning the Words and Grammar
Difficult Points: The structures of difficult sentences
Teaching Methods: Discussion, interpretation and the students’ teaching.
Teaching Plan
I. Greatings
II. Notes in the Text:
1. Farewell,My Unlovely.---Goodbye,the one I don’t love.
       Farewell:(formal and old use)goodbye
       Unlovely:n.disagreeable peson
2. At noon today I said goodbye to New York forever,thus jioning that growing
     group of people who,for one reason or another,have decided the city is no
     longer to our liking.---Today I left New York,never to come back,and I become
     one of the growing number of people,who,
      Because of different reasons, have decided that they no longer liked New York.
      For one reason and another:for different/various reasons
      Liking:fondness
      To one’s liking:being interested in/satisfactory.
3. This subject--the death of the city of NewYork--continues to be disinterred by
     those of us who should know better.
       We continued to raise the subject of the death of New York,but we should be
       wise enough not to do so.
       To disinter:to take from the grave,to unearth,to dig up
       To know better(than to do something):to be wise enough
       not to do something.
4. The eight million people who huddle together on that tiny rock do so through
     choice,…---New York has as many as eight million people and live there not
     through any pressure or necessity but out of their own free will…
       Though choice:by choice, e.g.
       I applied for that job just through my own choice.
  5. …and while they are aware there is an undiagnosed ailment in the city’s
     bloodstream,they are willing to see it through.---…though they know that the
     city has some unknown serious problem like a peson who has some undetermined
     disease in the bloodstream,they are still willing to stay there to help it to overcome
      its problem.
      To diagnose:to discover or determine the nature of
   (a disease)from its symptoms.
     ailment:an illness,esp. one that is not serious.e.g.
     He is always complaining of some ailment.
  to see it through:to support/help or provide for untill the end
   e.g. He saw his brother through college.
  6.It must have been fun to live in New York once;perhaps it will be
    again.---Some time ago,or once upon a time,it must have been nice to live in New
    York;and perhaps it will be nice to live in New York again in the future.But it is not
    nice at all to live there right now.
  7.Those of us who are quitting are the impatient ones who lack the imagination
    to believe that the bright dream will glow again.---Those of us who leave New
    York now are the ones who are impatient and it is difficult for us to imagine that the
    bright dream of New York’s future will be realized again.
  8.The sad aspect of my departure was that there was so little sadness connected
    with it,and after ten years it seemed to me that I should have looked back with
    some slight mistiness in my eyes.---What made me sad when I left the city is that I
    don’t feel very sad,because after living ten years here it seems to me that I should
    have some tears in my eyes when recall my past experience here.
  9.A lot of literature has been written on this subject---the disenchanted New
    York---and I’ve read much of it,but none of the cases seem to fit precisely my
    feelings about the city.----There has been a lot of writings on the subject---the
    disillusioned or disheartened New Yorker---and I have read much of the writings,but
    none of then seems be exactly like what I feel about the city.
    literature:books or treaties on a subject.
     Disenchanted:disillusioned,having lost belief. e.g.
     I’m disenchanted with my job.
10.It is a city of indifference,…---It is a city that lacks interest in or caring for it's
   people,…
11.Many people find New York an unattractive city to inhabit because of the
   physical filth,,and while,God knows,the city is filthy,I doubt that that element
   plays an important role in our decision to leave.---Many people don’t like to live
   in New York because of its physical dirt,and while it is true that the city has a dirty
   environment,I don’t think that it is one of the main reasons for us to leave.
   physical filth:dirtiness
12.Naples:a seaport in Southwest Italy
   Bombay:a seaport in west India,on the Arabiansea
   Tangiers:a seaport in North Morocco,on the West Steait of Gibralter
13…but a tolerance for dirt seems to grow where some
     fondness exists.---…if a city is to your liking,you tend to be
     able to put up with its dirty environment.
     tolerance:ability or quality to endure
14.Tangiers is one of the dirties cities in the world,yet a friend of mine who
     possesses flawless taste lives there and would live nowhere else.--- Tangiers is
     one of the dirties cities,yet a friend of mine who has a very good sense of taste lives
     there and would not live in any other place.
     flawless taste:excellent judgment or decision on what is good and beautiful.
15.A few years ago in the Central Park Isaw a man leaning on a litter can
    drinking a carton of orange juice,and when he finishend he tossed the
    container not in the receptacle but on the ground.---The place he leans on and
    the place he throws his carton produces a sharp contrast,and gives a touch of
    sarcasm.
    litter can:container for holding throw-away things,a litter bin a litter basket
    receptacle:a container for keeping things in
16.Mainly I don’t understand why the city has no soul. Mainly I don’t understand
    why the city is so heartless,so indifferent.
17.Vienna almost suffocates the Viennese with care,Paris manages to inspire her
    own with a sense of their fulfillment; But the key to New York’s character is
    that it doesn’t really care about anything.---Vienna takes so nuch care of it’s
    citizen that they almost feel difficult to breathe(exaggeration is used here,it is both
    humorous and sarcastis);Paris cares for its people by successfully instilling in their
    hearts the satisfaction of their achievement, But the problem with New York is that
    it cares nothing.
    her own:Paris’ own citizens
    a sense of their fulfillment:a sence of their duty to do sth.
18.Across the count from the Manhanttan apartment that I have occupied for the
    past few years is a dog that quite often hurls into the darkness,a few of which
    my dog refuses to accept and makes a tart reply.---There’s a dog
    opposite the courtyard of the Manhanttan apartment in which I have stayed for the
    past few years.The dog often barks toward the dark night.The barking is so
    annoying that it seems that it is shouting offensive things.My sog sometimes feels it
    so unbearable that it would no longer keep
    quiet and barks violently in return.
    tart:sharp
    to make a tart reply:to give a sharp answer
19.I think I yearn for the people of New York to do somewhat the same thing:I
    would like to think they possess a nature that could be stimulated by
    something.
    ---I think I strongly expect the people …
    to yearn for/to do sth.:long for with affection, e.g.
    A working man yearns for his holiday
    to stimulate:to excite e.g.
    Exercise stimulates the body.
20….by the feeling that they are besieged and that if they if they venture too far
    from their neighborhoods they will be mugged or,worse,murdered.---…by the
    feeling that they are surrounded by muggers or hoodlums and if they risk going too
    far away from the places where they live,they will be robbed or worse,they will be
    killed intentionally.
    to besiege:to surround with armed force.
21.I have never been mugged or physically molested in any way,possibly because
    my large build does not make me an ideal prospect for a hoodlun.---I was not
    attacked for money or physically threatened,perhaps because that I have a big and
    strong body,which makes it not so easy for an evil person to gain an advantange.
    to mug:to rob with violence
    to nolest:to intrude in such a way as to harm or annoy
    large build:being physically strong and tall
    build:shape and size ,esp.of the human body
22.Yet I recall the lady…
        Here in one sentence,the essential elements of an event is
    disclosed:the time,the place,characters,action,and the manner.
    The reason of the action is postponed to creat a suspense,and
    for the writer to make his point clear:the city is full of danger.
23….“just felt like killing somebody.”
  to feel like:to be inclined to do sth.,e.g.
  Right now I don’t feel like talking to you.
24.It’s impossible to protect oneself from such madness,and
    I think it is the fool in New York who is not a coward at
    heart.---It is impossible to avoid being harmed by such mad actions,and I think
    only a fool living in New York does not feel scared.
25.I recall,too,the New Year’s Eve when,after a dinner party,
    a friend of mine went down to the street to get a taxicab and the cab veered too
    quickly and hit him.
          Here,the driver caused the accident yet he thought only about his fee.
    to veer:to turn or change direction, e.g.
    The conversation veered to food.
26….the girl was partially responsible for the act…---…the girl was partially to
    blame for the act…
  to be responsible(to sb.)for sb./sth.:to be liable for carrying out a duty. e.g.
  She is responsible to the company for the pretty cash.
27.All of these thing may happen in other large cities,and undoubtedly do,but they
    reflect a lack of caring,a sickness of the soul,that I find difficult to accept and
    impossible to forget.---These things may also happen in other large cities and it
    shows indifference and moral degradation…
  sickness of the soul:It follows the personification of the title.
28.Perhaps what troubles me is the kinds of crimes that go on here,the terrible
    meanness in addition to the offense.
    What worries me most is not merely the the itself but the disgusting meanness in
    connection with the crime.
    in addition to :as well as;besides,
29….all confined to wheelchairs,…---…all were handicapped
    ladies in wheelchairs,…
    to confine sb./sth.to:to keep sb./sth within limites, e.g.
    The old are confined to the room of the high building.
30.shortchange:(informal)to give back less than enough money.
31….while the race was in progress.---…while the race was going on.More examples
    with in progress:
     (1)The operation is in progress.
     (2)A research project on population problem is now in
        progress.
32.This is something of a handicap in a bicycle race.---This is something like a
    handicap in a bicycle race,so as to balance the power the competitors.
    handicap:(in a race or other sport)a disadvantage given to stronger
    competitors,such as carrying more weight or running further than other.
33.And there is the minor cheating too,…
    minor cheating:less serious dishonest behavior
    game:a playful activity for amusement or diversion
34.The cab driver conveniently neglects to throw his flag upon arrival…
    conveniently:in a way favorable to one’s comfort, occasioning little trouble or
    extra work
    to throw his flag:stop the meter
    to ring up:to record(money paid)on a register
35. a hatcheck girl:a girl who takes care of hats and coats,etc.
36. unmarked clumps of poison ivy:groups of poison ivy that is given no notice to
    warn off people
37. scribbled with spray paint:(statues and walls were)thrown with paint
38….and I don’t want to ride anymore on an obsolete and rundown subway
    system so poorly marked that even the Transit Authority people find it
    difficult to give directions.---…the subway system is not only old and broken,but
    also so inadequately marked that even people working there can’t easily give
    directions(it is of course exaggeration).obsolete:out of date
    run down:old and broken;in bad condition
    the Transit Authority people:people responsible for public trasportation
39.For some reason I resent the horrid smartness of a city that sends hundreds of
    peiole to eat at Elaine’s,a celebraty-packed restaurant serving mediocre food,
    because it’s fashionable to be seen there.
    horrid smartness:disgusting stylishness;terrible craziness for being considered
    fashionable
    celebraty-packed restaurant:a restaurant frequented by famous people
    mediocre:ordinary,commonplace,of not very good or bad quality or ability
40.New York offers some prizes I shall miss,and I can only hope to find them
    elsewhere.---New York does have some good things to offer to its people .
41.with purpose:with determination
42….their faces are filled with vitality…---…their faces look energetic…
  To be filled with sth.:to make or become full of sth.,e.g.
  He filled the tank with oil.
43.The tempo of the city itself is exhiarating.---The pace of life in New York City is
    exciting and it fills people with high spirits.
44.And so I come to the bottom line.
    bottom line:originally the lowest line in a financial statement,showing net income
    or loss.Here it means conclusion or final statement.
45.I shall find some of these things wherever I go,and pe4rhaps all of them,but I
    don’t think so.---The author first thought that he should meet all the bitter or
    terrible things in any city,but on second thought,he changed his mind and decided
    that it was impossible to find them all in any city.
46.Above all,I want to get away from the indifference of New York .---Most
    importantly,I want to care for other people and want other people to show concern
    for me.
    Implausible:unbelievable,ridiculously
    Poignant:causing a sharp feeling of sadness or pity,e.g.
    I have some poignant memories of my childhood.
47.New York does not give a damn.---New York does not care at all.It does not show
     the slightest concern.
     Don’t give/care a damn:don’t care at all,e.g.
     I don’t care a damn what he says.
III. Do the exercises
IV. Summary and analyze the sructure of the text .
V. Teaching Postscrip