PowerPoint Template

							Book I
Unit 6




            Section A

         The Trashman


                        New Horizon College English
Book I
Unit 6
         Objectives of section A
 1. To get to understand the main idea and
    structure of the text.
 2. To use new words and phrases to express
    yourselves about the theme reflected in the
    text.
 3. To grasp some typical sentence patterns
 4. To learn to write in a general statement-
    examples method.
Book I
Unit 6

         Pre-class Tasks Checking
           Background Information
         Text Understanding
            Difficult Sentences
          Words and Phrases
            Summary
           Writing
              Post-class Tasks
Book I
Unit 6




         Pre-class Tasks Checking
Book I
Unit 6




   1. Make a report of your searching about the
      waste management in a US city.


   2. Use some words to describe the image you
      have about a trashman.

                                            BACK
Book I
Unit 6

  Background Information
                      Trashmen
   Trashmen, also called garbagemen or
    garbage collectors, sometimes prefer to
    be called “sanitation engineers” or
    “environmental engineers”.
  These terms make their work seem more
  important since they are especially sensitive
  about their work, especially if they believe
  their job is not respected by society.
Book I
Unit 6
                    IQ?
  IQ stands for “intelligence quotient”.
  Intelligence refers to how effective one‟s mental
  ability is, including ability to understand, learn,
  recall, think and reason. An average IQ score is
  100.
Book I
Unit 6

                          ,
Born in 1912 in California, John Gardner,
was a psychology educator.

  Known for his clear thinking,
 he argued for the cause of people who are
 ignored in a wealthy society.
                                       John Gardner
The quotation referred to in Passage A
first appeared in the Saturday Evening Post
December 1, 1962
                                              BACK
Book I
Unit 6

    Text Understanding
         Structure of the text

         Structure Analysis

         Understanding
         Q &A
Book I
Unit 6
   Part Paras.         Main Idea
     1   1~3     The work of being a trashman
             What the writer and Steve
     2 4~11 experienced during their
             exchanges with local people.
             The writer‟s attitude in face
     3 12~13 of the cold responses from
             the people they served.
     4 14     Conclusion
Book I                  Text Study—Structure Analysis
Unit 6

               Structure Analysis
    A. The Writing Model:


          General Statement + Examples
Book I                      Text Study—Structure Analysis
Unit 6



         The General Statement (the Main Idea)



     Most of people look down upon trash-men.
Book I
Unit 6

    The Specific Examples
  1. Response to my greetings showed that
     people weren’t often friendly. (Paras.5－6)
     Examples ①－④

  2. People look down on trash-men. (Paras.8－9)
     Examples ①－②

  3. Things made Steve raged.
Book I
Unit 6
         Paras. 5－6
              Response to my greetings showed that
   viewpoint:
              people weren‟t often friendly.


Example1:                  Example2:
 Occasionally, I got a
                           But most often the
 direct reply from
                           response was either
 someone who looked
                           nothing at all or a
 me in the eye, smiled
                           surprised stare.
 and responded.
Book I
Unit 6
         Paras. 5－6
              Response to my greetings showed that
   viewpoint:
              people weren‟t often friendly.


Example3:                  Example4:
One woman was startled
                           Another woman stared
as I came,
                           at me. She seemed
she gathered her
                           frightened as she
housecoat tightly
                           turned coldly away.
about her & retreated
quickly indoors.                                  BACK
Book I
Unit 6
         Paras. 8－9

   Viewpoint: People look down on trash-men.


Example1:                Example2:
If you say “hello” to   Once I told a lady not to put
them, they stare at     ashes in her trash-can. She
you in surprise.        said, “Who are you to say
They do not realize     what goes? You‟re nothing
we‟re human.            but a trash-man.”
                                                    BACK
Book I
Unit 6

3. Things made Steve raged:
a. The way most people look at trash-man show that
                              ________;
   they think a trash-man was a monster they don’t
   realize trash-men are ______. (Para.6)
                         human
b. I didn’t tell anyone I’m a ___________. (Para.10)
                               garbage man
                                              stay away
c. A friend _____ at her kids, asking them to _______
            yelled
  from the trash-men. (Para.11)
Book I
Unit 6


               Understanding

     Two trash-men are very exhausted and raged
     because of their work as trash-man and
     people’s responses to their greeting. But they
     still have their own attitudes towards the job.


     Now use some words and phrases from the
     text to make lists of major points.
Book I
Unit 6

  1. The work as a trash-man:
   • haul trash for 4
     hours continuously
   • shoulder hurt wickedly
   • legs occasionally
     trembled
   • no joy in it
   • dump, lift, walk, lift
Book I
Unit 6


   2. People’s response to greeting
      from a trash-man:
    • nothing
    • a surprised stare
    • startled
    • retreat indoors
    • frightened
    • coldness
Book I
Unit 6

   3. Steve’s attitude to his own work:
   • nothing
   • do it for the money, not the only work
     he can do
   • not be ashamed of it,
     but not boast about it
   • not dirty
   • as good as we are
Book I
Unit 6

    4. Author’s attitude to his own work:
   • exercise
   • outdoors in clean air
   • not dirty on the job
   • essential task
   • leave this country a little
     cleaner
   • respect for trash-men
Book I
Unit 6


                  Q&A

   1. Did the trashman expect joy in his job when
   he took it?

   No, he didn‟t.
   Collecting garbage is dull work.
Book I
Unit 6

                 Q&A

  2. According to Steve, why most people don‟t
    understand trashmen?


  Because they don‟t understand the nature of
  trashmen‟s work.
Book I
Unit 6


                     Q&A

   3. Was there any change in the trashman‟s
     attitude towards his job? If any, what was
     that?

    Yes. He took the job for the money at first.
    But later he found his job was as necessary
    as that of a police officer or a fire fighter.
Book I
Unit 6


                   Q&A

  4. Why did the narrator change his mind to stay
    at the job?


   Because he thought the job was good for him
  and necessary for people.
Book I
Unit 6

                 Q&A

 5.What is the purpose on quoting John Gardner‟s
 words?


  To stress the idea that all workmen should be
  treated equally no matter what their jobs are.
Book I
Unit 6

         Difficult Sentences

         Paraphrase


         Translation
Book I
Unit 6

  •1. Steve and I hauled trash for four solid hours
  continuously, except for about five minutes
  when we stopped to talk.(Para.1)
  Paraphrase: Steve and I carried trash for
     four full hours without breaks, during
     which we only stopped to have a chat for
     about five minutes.

  Translation:我和史蒂夫已拖运垃圾整整
     4个小时了，中间只停下来说了约5分
     钟的话。
Book I
Unit 6
2. My shoulder hurt wickedly each time I put
   another full barrel on it, and my legs occasionally
   trembled as I was heading to the street… (Para.1)
   这是一个由 and 连接的并列句，each time I put
   another full barrel on it 和 as I was heading to
   the street 作时间状语从句。
   Each time when I put another full barrel of
  each time: my shoulder, it hurt 每逢，每当
   trash on every time, whenever me badly and
   sometimes my cold, even a pain as I was
 Each time I catch a legs I have shook in my back.
   walking to the street…
      每次伤风感冒，我的背就疼。
   每次我将满满一桶垃圾扛上肩，肩膀就痛得
   厉害，有时候扛着垃圾朝街上走，腿都打
   颤……
Book I
Unit 6

   3. I thought this might mean more exchanges
   as I made the rounds today.(Para.3)
  Paraphrase: I thought their staying at home
     might provide more chances for exchanging
     greetings as I went around collecting trash
     from door to door today.
   Translation:我心里琢磨，这可能意味着我挨
   家挨户收垃圾时可以和人们多搭上几句话了。
Book I
Unit 6

   4. I said hello in quite a few yards before the
   message registered that this wasn‟t normally
   done.(Para.5)
 Paraphrase: Before I refers to “that this wasn‟t
 “The message” here understood that saying hello
   normally done”. The response the greeted people
   wasn‟t something that was commonly done, I
   made to his greetings helped him understand that
   said hello to many people.
   he was doing something other trashmen never did
   and were not expected to do.
 Translation:直到我在几家院子里问候了几次之后，
   才意识到这么做是不常见的。
Book I
Unit 6
   5. Say „hello‟ and they stare at you in
   surprise.(Para.8)
    Paraphrase: If you say hello to them, they
    will get surprised and stare at you without
    words.
    Here “and” is used to introduce a result.
     When used in this sense, the sentence
     begins with a verb and equals an “if…”
     sentence.
    e.g. Move again and I will kill you.(=If you
     move again, I will kill you.)
Book I
Unit 6

   6. Who are you to say what goes? You‟re
   nothing but a trashman.(Para.9)
   Paraphrase: 我倒什么你管得着么，你算
   Translation: How dare you say I should not
     put the ashes in the trashcan? You are only
     什么东西？你不过是个垃圾工罢了。
     a trashman.
  who are are to say…
  e.g. Whoyou you to say I‟m fired? You are
   what right at all.你有什么权利说我被解雇
  not my bossdo you have to say…
  了？你又不是我老板。
    你有什么权利说······
Book I
Unit 6
  7. Frankly, I‟m proud. (para.13)
  frankly: to be honest 在句中作插入语，表
   示说话人的态度或说明整个句子。
类似的词还有： apparently, obviously, honestly,
               certainly, fortunately, naturally等
 1) Frankly, I think you have very little chance of
   getting the job.
 说实话, 你要获得这个工作的机会是微乎其微的。
 2)Obviously, online application for employment
    has both advantages and disadvantages.
   显然，网上求职有优点也有缺点.
Book I
Unit 6
8. Neither its pipes nor its theories will hold
   water…(para.14)
  Paraphrase: Neither its pipes nor its theories will
stand up to inspection because of low quality…
  The sentence has been take from the following
quotation: “ The society which scorns excellence
 in plumbing because plumbing is a humble activity
 and tolerates shoddiness in philosophy because
 philosophy is an exalted activity, will have neither
 good plumbing nor good philosophy. Neither its
 pipes nor its theories will hold water.”
Book I
Unit 6
 8. Neither its pipes nor its theories will hold
   water…(para.14)
    neither… nor…: not… and not…
    e.g. He neither drinks nor smokes.
        他不喝酒，也不抽烟
   Note that in “neither…nor” structure, the
  agreement between the subject and predict is
  decided by what follows “nor”. For example:
   Neither Jane nor her colleagues were at the
  meeting.简和她的同事均未出席会议。
Book I
Unit 6

    A mini-test
                      am
 1. Either you or I _______ going there tomorrow.
                          are
 2. Neither he nor you ____ going to buy the book.
      Are
 3. _____ either you or I going to Beijing next week?
                              were
 4. Neither mum nor sisters _____ at home last
    night.
                         is
 5. Either you or she _____ good at drawing.
 6. Neither I nor he _____ to school by bike.
                      goes
Book I
Unit 6

         New Words and Phrases
         Translation and Sentences Making


         Chinese to English


          Word Replacing

          Word Using
Book I
Unit 6

  Translation and Sentences Making

    1. 朝街上走           to head to the street
    2. (时间)过得飞快       to fly by
    3. 看起来和善的         to look approachable
    4. 长时间的聊天
                       lengthy talks
    5. 相互问候            to exchange greetings
    6. 逐一巡查，访问         to make the rounds
    7. 赶忙退进屋里
                       to retreat quickly indoors
Book I
Unit 6
 Translation and Sentences Making
8. 冷冷地转身走了                 to turn coldly away
9. 驾车去垃圾场的路上              on the long ride to the dump
10. 惊恐地看着你                to stare at you in surprise
11. 为······感到羞耻           to be ashamed of…
12. 吹嘘······              to boast about/of…
13. 不像某人认为的那样             contrary to what sb thinks
14. 没有什么坏处                not to do any harm
15. 轻视,看不起                to look down on/upon
16. 更进一步                  to go a step further
17. 忘记带······ ；留下······   to leave… behind
Book I
Unit 6
Chinese to English
haul trash for four solid    o 整整四小时持续不停地
                               运送垃圾
hours continuously

cannot image there will be   o 想象不到其中的乐趣
joy in it

 look sb. in the eye         o 直视某人


 be in for trouble           o 肯定会倒霉
Book I
Unit 6
  Chinese to English
 exchange greetings that      o 有礼貌地互相问好
  go with civilized ways

  The theory will not hold    o 这理论将行不通 。
  water.

  call for respect for both
                              o 要求既尊重经济学家，
  the economists and the        也尊敬垃圾清理工
  trashmen
Book I
Unit 6

    Word Replacing
1. They visited a number of     made the rounds
    different sections of the
    shopping center.

2. I like the way the blue      goes with
    carpet matches the
    golden curtains.

3. The man sat down and         called for
    asked for some beer.
Book I
Unit 6

   Word Replacing
4. You say I‟m fired?
   Thanks. I didn‟t want     stay at
   to do the job for long.

3. She shouldn‟t have
    married him as she       looks down on/upon
    has a poor opinion of
    him.
Book I
Unit 6
               Word Using
  1.  continuously(para.1)
    adv. Without stopping
  e.g. It has rained continuously here for 3
    days.
    这里连续下了三天雨。

  adj. continuous: happening or existing
    without stopping
  e.g. The brain needs a continuous supply of
    blood. 大脑需要不断供血。
Book I
Unit 6
   2.  image (para.2)
     vt. make a copy of the form of sth.;
         make a picture of
         image: vt. 想象，设想
          image: n. 图象，映像，形象
          imagine: vt. 想象，设想, 料想
 1)You can hardly image what our life will be
   without cell phones.
  简直无法想象没有手机我们的生活将会怎样。
Book I
Unit 6


   2) Put yourself in his position, and imagine
   what you would do.
    你要处于他的地位，想想你会怎么办。

    3)We must not do anything that would
      harm our image.
   我们不应做任何有可能
   损害自己形象的事。
Book I
Unit 6
 imagine—想象
 imaginable—能想象的，可想象到的
 imaginary—假象的，虚构的
 imaginative—富有想象力的
 － All the troubles are_______________
                          imaginary
 － an ___________writer
      imaginative
 － every means_________
               imaginable
 － I didn‟t___________ becoming a writer in my
             imagine
 childhood.
Book I
Unit 6
  3.  go with (para.3)
  match; suit 与······相配（协调），
  和······一起存在

                          to go with this brown suit
1)I want to buy a new tie ______________________.
    我想买一条新领带与这套咖啡色西装相配。

2)Money doesn‟t always
  go with happiness
 ________________.
  有钱不一定幸福。
Book I
Unit 6
   4.  register (para.5)
   v. 显示，记录，登记，挂号邮寄
     1)汶川地震是里氏8级。
    Wenchuan earthquake registered 8.0 points
    on the Richter scale.
    2) 你最好还是挂号邮寄这封信。
     You‟d better register this letter.
    3) 他没有向当地卫生院登记。
     He failed to register with the local
     health centre.
Book I
Unit 6
   5.  rage (para.7)
    v. shout angrily at someone
   “I can‟t see it‟s any of your business,” he raged.
   “这不关你的事，” 他气呼呼地说。
   n. a strong feeling of anger
     She flew into a rage. 她勃然大怒
   n. fashion
    3G mobiles become the rage
    among the youth.
    3G 手机在年轻人中很流行。
Book I
Unit 6
  6.  boast about/of (para.10)
     speak too proudly of
   e.g. It‟s disgusting to hear him boasting
  about/of his new car.
  听他吹嘘自己的新车真让人受不了。
  Translate:他因考试得高分而洋洋得意。
  He boasts of having got a high score on the exam.
Book I
Unit 6
  7.  originally (para.12)
     origin: n. 起源，来源
     originate: v. 起源，创始
     original: a. 最初的，有创造性的
     originally: adv. 最初，原先
  1) 谁是这座房子最早的主人？
 1) Who was the original owner of this house?
 2) Do you know the origin of the custom of giving
 2)你知道在圣诞节互赠礼品这一风俗的来源吗？
 presents at Christmas?
 3) I 我不得不放弃我原先计划好的那条路线。
 3) had to abandon the route I had originally
 planned.
 4) 他们萍水相逢成知己。
 4) Their friendship originated in a chance meeting.
Book I
Unit 6




         Summary of the Text
Book I
Unit 6

   Both Steve and I are _________ after four hours‟
                         exhausted
   continuous hard work. The work as a trash-man is
               dull
   boring and ____. Dump. Lift. Walk. Lift. On
   Saturday, we want to exchange greetings with people.
   However, we‟re __________ by the way we are
                    astonished
                                 look down upon
   treated with. Most of people _____________ us.
                                                ___
   They think the job of trash-men is dirty, so are trash-
   men. As a matter of fact, trash-men have done an
   _________ work. It‟s trash-men who make the
     essential
   country cleaner and more beautiful! People should
     respect
   _______ others whether he is an economist or a
   trash-man.
Book I
Unit 6

           Writing
         Structure analysis


         Tasks for writing
Book I
Unit 6
           Structure analysis
    A general statement supported by examples

            A general statement




  example1 example2 example3 example4
Book I
Unit 6
                Sample
   Yesterday was an awful day for me when
   everything I did went wrong. (General
   statement) I didn‟t hear my alarm clock and
   arrived late for work. (Example 1) I didn‟t
   read my diary properly and forgot to get to an
   important meeting with my boss. (Example 2)
   During the coffee break, I dropped my coffee
   cup and spoilt my new skirt. (Example 3)
Book I
Unit 6

    At lunch time, I left my purse on the bus and
    lost all the money in it. (Example 4) Then
    I didn‟t notice a sign on a door that said
    “Wet Paint” and I spoilt my jacket.
    (Example 5) When I got home I couldn‟t
    get into my flat because I had left my key in
    my office. (Example 6) It was simply an
    awful day! (Conclusion)
Book I
Unit 6

             Tasks for writing

  Write a paragraph on one of the following
   topics.

  1. Students have different ways to learn English.
  2. Computer presents a vivid world in front of us.