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Livelihoods Technical Competency Framework
Summary:
Livelihoods advisers must be able to demonstrate:
1. Understanding the global context, including the international and regional architecture, of
agriculture, food & nutrition security, natural resources and climate change.
2. Knowledge and application of rural development policy and delivery in a developing
country context (including agricultural systems, technology & markets, safety nets)
3. Understanding sources of risk and insecurity, their impacts on livelihoods and application
to building resilience (to climate and natural resource shocks, food and nutrition
insecurity, political economy and in fragile contexts)
4. Knowledge and application of natural resource-based livelihoods (including agricultural
services, value chains, adaptation and mitigation to climate change in agriculture and
natural resource management)
5. Understanding dynamics of change in and between rural and urban areas and resource-
based livelihoods and likely trajectories
6. Knowledge and application of analytical tools, ways of working and evidence, innovation
and learning
7. Plus the shared technical competencies expected for all advisers.
Livelihoods advisers filling specialist positions (e.g. forest, trade, livestock, fisheries, etc) will
be required to have detailed technical knowledge in these specialist areas.
Each competence will be assessed on the following scale: 0= limited or none; 1= basic level ;
2= good level ; 3= advanced level of understanding and application.
Technical competency Knowledge Required
Understanding of:
The global context, International architecture for aid and high-level development
including the international goals (e.g. MDGs)
and regional architecture, Roles and functioning of key international (e.g. World Bank, EU,
of agriculture, food & G20, key donors such as USAID Feed the Future, CGIAR,
nutrition security, natural Global Donor Platform for Rural Development, various
resources and climate Foundations and NGOs) and regional (e.g. development banks,
change. CAADP, Alliance for a Green Revolution in Africa, etc.) players
International architecture surrounding agriculture, food and
nutrition security and forestry (technology, marketing, trade,
environmental agreements, etc.) and other natural resources
Roles of other UK Government departments in agriculture,
natural resources and private sector support and of domestic
NGOs
International trade and intellectual property regimes and how
these impact men's and women's livelihoods
Food and nutrition security as a policy and practical objective
International climate and environmental commitments
Climate Science & understanding impact of climate change on
(rural based) livelihoods
Poverty reduction strategies and how they impact on, for
example, the agricultural sector, food and nutrition security, etc.
Public financial management
Governance as a key factor in securing effective development
outcomes
Enabling advisers to:
Understand their role within the broader system and identify
opportunities for linkages and collaboration
Work as part of multi-institutional teams to achieve common
goals (Managing for Development Results) and develop an
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Livelihoods Technical Competency Framework
effective policy environment for livelihood improvement
Work with other cadres and contribute to high-level debates
Work with and influence partners to develop effective policy
environment for livelihood improvement
Ensure that on-the-ground work is aligned with and informs
higher-level debate
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Livelihoods Technical Competency Framework
Rural development policy History, impact and degree of success of rural development
and delivery in a interventions (including participation, agricultural services
developing country context reform, land policy, food and nutrition security (FNS), and
diversification) in meeting the needs of the poor and extreme
poor
Impact of public sector reforms (e.g. decentralisation,
privatisation) on livelihoods of men and women
Impact of agriculture on poverty reduction, FNS and its differing
impact on men and women
The role of the private sector in development and growth and the
enabling environment for private sector trade/making markets
work for the poor
The importance of technology to growth (especially agricultural
technology but also opportunities for applications of new
communications and low carbon technologies in rural areas) and
possible trade-offs with FNS and poverty reduction
Social and economic links between rural and urban areas
Political economy factors including power
Social protection as a tool for securing livelihoods
Enabling advisers to:
Design, lead and contribute to evidence-based analysis of the
context of rural and urban livelihoods
Introduce livelihoods perspective into policy and programming
Identify best practice and new opportunities in programme
design
Design programmes that work for the poorest and for particular
groups (e.g. women, migrants, etc.)
Ensure that current work builds on lessons of the past
Sources of risk and Climate risk and the impact of climate shocks
insecurity, their impacts on Resource scarcity
livelihoods and application Political economy and the impact of elites on access to
to building resilience resources
Fragile states and how to tailor work to these environments
Conflict (civil and resource-based)
Predictable hunger, food and nutrition insecurity and crop failure
and interventions that impact on nutritional outcomes
Insecurity of tenure
Gender-based risks
HIV/Aids and other health risks to livelihoods
Food price shocks and related needs to adapt livelihoods
programming to cushion increasing volatility
The links between different risks and the vulnerability of different
social groups, both rural and urban.
Enabling advisers to:
Ensure that programmes and policies meet current and future
needs and are not derailed by predictable threats
Help people manage risk more effectively
Build resilience amongst people living in poverty
Incorporate principles of disaster risk reduction (DRR)
strategies into programming
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Livelihoods Technical Competency Framework
Natural resource-based Agricultural services policy and delivery (research, extension,
livelihoods inputs)
Resource management regimes, institutions and options and
ways of building capacity within these
Supply and value chains for agricultural/forest/livestock/fishery
inputs and products
Water resources management and urban/rural water issues in
the context of diminishing supply
Adaptation and building resilience to climate change in
agriculture, FNS and for the sustainable management of natural
resources
Resource-based mitigation of climate change
Access to financial services, including credit, savings and
insurance
Enabling advisers to:
Design, manage and monitor livelihoods programmes in a range
of country and resource contexts
Identify and address capacity-building requirements and make
linkages between different levels of government and non-
governmental institutions
Identify opportunities for people living in poverty to engage more
fully in markets (including in new markets for low-carbon
products or for carbon sequestration services)
Identify and address major constraints to livelihood improvement
and work with others to overcome these
Dynamics of change Major changes taking place in rural areas, their sources and
likely trajectories (especially migration, urbanisation, changes in
gender roles or composition, movement in and out of resource-
based livelihoods, impact of political changes, awareness of
differing dynamics in middle income and low income countries )
Urban livelihoods and linkages between urban and rural areas
Enabling advisers to:
Ensure that programmes and policies cater to real needs of
dynamic populations and do not lose their relevance
Capitalise upon positive trends and help facilitate changes that
improve livelihoods
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Livelihoods Technical Competency Framework
Knowledge and application Key tools and methodologies (including Livelihoods
of analytical tools, ways of Frameworks, Drivers of Change, Making Markets Work for the
working and evidence, Poor, Disaster Risk Reduction, Climate Change Adaptation,
innovation and learning Environmental Impact Analysis, Poverty and Social Impact
Analysis, methods for valuing natural capital, ways of
disaggregating populations)
Ways of developing and maintaining partnerships (skill
requirements, capacity development, consensus building,
stakeholder analysis)
Special approaches for working in fragile or conflict areas
Delivery mechanisms and how to effect change
Ways of identifying lessons and feeding learning back
Current thinking on ways of increasing effectiveness
(approaches such as Managing for Development Results, DFID
management tools such as logframes, indicators & results
frameworks, impact assessments, systematic reviews etc.)
Value for money as a key tool for maximising impact
Professional networks and sources of support
Enabling advisers to:
Ensure that methodologies in use incorporate best practice and
quality evidence from livelihoods area
Make effective contributions and develop lasting partnerships
Be highly literate, able to engage in research and judge quality
of evidence
Lead the design of livelihoods interventions that draw on
international experience, research, quality evidence and best
practice
Monitor and assess expenditures and value for money,
development outcomes and impact, including progress towards
higher-level goals
Analyse programme weaknesses and revise accordingly
SHARED TECHNICAL COMPETENCIES (REQUIRED)
There are four areas of knowledge and skills are common to all advisory groups. These are
intended to add value to DFID’s professional advisory skill base and the ability of advisers to
meet business needs.
Knowledge and The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and international
understanding of architecture for aid and development the UN, European Union,
international aid G20, International Finance Institutions, regional institutions and
NGOs
Aid instruments and how they are deployed – project financing,
sector-wide approaches, budget support, technical assistance,
results based aid, and global funds
The changing aid landscape and the role of new players – e.g.
emerging economies, BRICS, private foundations, business
and think tanks
The UK international policy framework and its implications for
international development – e.g. trade, security, fragility and
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Livelihoods Technical Competency Framework
climate change
Collating, analysing and Able to access, critically appraise and use evidence, demonstrating skills
presenting in the following areas:
evidence/research Understand a range of qualitative and quantitative research
using statistical and methodologies including the application of basic statistical
wider analytical skills methods
Critically appraise* and assess the quality of published research
and other potential sources of evidence
Interpretation, use and presentation of data and evidence in
defining policy and practice
Comprehension of key concepts from social and cultural analysis
and basic understanding of the use and application of political
economy analysis
*Critical appraisal is the process of carefully and systematically examining
research to judge its trustworthiness and its value and relevance in a
particular context
Economic concepts, Familiarity with key economic concepts
appraisal and value for Good level of general numeracy
money Understanding economic approaches to project appraisal and
evaluation, including different ways of measuring efficiency,
equity and impact
High quality professional input to programme design and
evaluation in line with assessing value for money and results
Evaluation and results Competent (level II or above in DFID’s evaluation competencies)
in applying best practice in evaluation design, using a range of
rigorous methods, and ensuring high standards of independence
and quality
Ability to design, commission and manage evaluations including
rigorous impact evaluations, with appropriate technical support, in
line with DFID standards
Familiarity with the core concepts underpinning DFID's approach
to results
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