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19 June 2008
Pesticide Residues
Committee
Pesticide Residues Monitoring Report
Fourth Quarter Report 2007
Quarter Ended December 2007
Published: 19 June2008
19 June 2008
CONTENTS
Page
Summary Findings......................................................................................................................1
Section I – Introduction ...............................................................................................................2
The Results.................................................................................................................................4
Apples.........................................................................................................................................4
Bread ..........................................................................................................................................6
Cabbage .....................................................................................................................................8
Celery .........................................................................................................................................9
Cider and Perry........................................................................................................................ 11
Grapes ..................................................................................................................................... 12
Herbs ....................................................................................................................................... 14
Kiwi Fruit .................................................................................................................................. 17
Leeks ....................................................................................................................................... 18
Lettuce..........................................................................................................................20
Milk........................................................................................................................................... 21
Oats and Rye........................................................................................................................... 22
Peaches and Nectarines ......................................................................................................... 24
Tinned Peaches....................................................................................................................... 26
Pears........................................................................................................................................ 28
Peppers ................................................................................................................................... 31
Pork.......................................................................................................................................... 33
Potatoes................................................................................................................................... 34
Pumpkins and Squash............................................................................................................. 36
Soft citrus................................................................................................................................. 38
Speciality Fruit ......................................................................................................................... 40
Strawberries............................................................................................................................. 42
Tomatoes................................................................................................................................. 44
Turkey...................................................................................................................................... 46
Water (bottled) ......................................................................................................................... 47
Supplier Details........................................................................................................................ 48
Section II.................................................................................................................................. 49
PSD assessment of risk........................................................................................................... 49
Appendix A .............................................................................................................................. 60
Summary of Results ................................................................................................................ 60
Appendix B .............................................................................................................................. 62
Summary Of MRL Exceedances ............................................................................................. 62
Appendix C: ............................................................................................................................. 65
Pesticides Sought and Found In Individual Foodstuffs ........................................................... 65
Appendix D ............................................................................................................................ 159
Additional Action Taken ......................................................................................................... 159
Appendix E ............................................................................................................................ 163
Pesticides analysed as multi-component analytes and their reporting limits ........................ 163
Glossary................................................................................................................................. 165
Summary Findings
This is our fourth and final quarterly report for 2007.
This quarter’s programme surveyed 1583 samples of 25 different foods: apples, bread, cabbage, celery,
cider and perry, grapes, herbs, kiwifruit, leeks, lettuce, milk, oats and rye, peaches and nectarines, tinned
peaches, pears, peppers, pork, potatoes, pumpkins and squash, soft citrus, speciality fruit, strawberries,
tomatoes, turkey and bottled water.
The results show 28 samples contained residues above the maximum permitted levels.
A screening assessment is done for each residue and commodity combination to identify residue levels that
would lead to intakes above the relevant reference doses. Detailed assessments are then produced for
every case where the actual residue level found could lead to an intake above the reference dose. We have
looked carefully at all these findings including the risk assessments provided by PSD. In all cases the
presence of the residues found would be unlikely to have had any effect on the health of anyone who ate the
food.
For our 2007 surveillance programme we are pleased to report that technological improvements have
enabled us to expand the range of pesticides that we look for in our fruit and vegetables surveys to
approximately 200 per survey. In 2006 the maximum number of pesticides that we looked for in any survey
was 129. For this reason we may in future find more residues and multi-residues in single samples.
We continue to publish details of suppliers and retailers of the food sampled. We have asked suppliers and
the authorities of the exporting countries for an explanation of our findings – any responses we received are
at appendix D.
Thanks go to all of those individuals and organisations responsible for helping us put this report together.
These include our Secretariat and scientists (both based at the Pesticides Safety Directorate), the shoppers
and Defra officials who have collected the samples and laboratory staff across the UK who undertook the
analysis.
Dr Ian Brown
OBE BSc (Agric) FRCP FFOM
Chairman Pesticide Residues Committee
1
Section I – Introduction
Background
Food safety is important. Modern food production processes have
given us plentiful supplies of a wide range of good quality affordable
produce.
In the food industry of today the production environment can be
managed from the preparation of seeds used for crops, through to
growth, harvesting and storage of the produce.
One of the ways the food industry controls the environment in which
foodstuffs are produced is by applying pesticides. They help farmers
and growers maximise the production of foodstuffs by, for example,
preventing weeds inhibiting the growth of the crop, or insects
destroying or infesting them. Pesticides can also be used to help protect seeds, or prolong the life of crops
after they have been harvested. Biological and physical controls are also used to protect crops or as part of
an integrated system.
As pesticides are used to control unwanted pests, weeds and diseases, they can potentially also harm
people, wildlife and the environment. This is why the UK, in common with most other countries, imposes
legally enforceable conditions as to how and when pesticides can be used. No pesticide can be supplied or
used on a food or ornamental crop in the UK without the Government authorisation. To obtain this
authorisation the manufacturer of the pesticide must show that it does not present a concern for people’s
health or the environment. Naturally derived and synthetic pesticides are subject to the same regulation.
Once the authorisation has been granted Government authorities carry out follow up checks to ensure that
the authorisation is providing the necessary degree of protection to users, consumers and the environment
and that those who use pesticides are complying with conditions specified within it.
The Government authority responsible for checking pesticide residues in foodstuffs is the Pesticides Safety
Directorate. The Pesticide Residues Committee (PRC) oversees (and provides an independent check) on
this work. We know that the use of pesticides on crops may lead to traces (residues) of these chemicals in
food and we expect to find these in our monitoring programme.
The Pesticide Residues Committee (PRC)
The Pesticide Residues Committee (PRC) is an independent group of experts; our main function is to
oversee Government’s £2 million pesticide residues surveillance programme. Our Chairman, Dr Ian Brown,
is a consultant occupational physician and toxicologist at Southampton University hospitals. The Committee
also includes lay members and individuals from academic, food industry and consumer backgrounds. This
broad range of expertise has enabled us to develop a rigorous monitoring programme that provides
taxpayers with good value for money.
Information on the membership of the PRC is also available on the PRC’s website:
www.pesticides.gov.uk/prc.asp?id=823
Our role is to advise Ministers and the Chief Executives of the
Pesticides Safety Directorate (PSD) and the Food Standards Agency
(FSA) on:
• the planning of surveillance programmes for pesticide
residues in the UK food supply and the evaluation of the
results;
• procedures for sampling, sample processing, new methods
of analysis, the assessment of variability of pesticide
residues in food and related issues.
2
Surveillance programme
The pesticide residues surveillance programme is designed to enable us to check:
• that specified pesticide maximum residue levels are being respected;
• that users of pesticides are complying with conditions of use specified in
the authorisation; and
• that dietary intakes of residues are within acceptable limits.
We do this by collecting samples of foodstuffs from a range of points in the supply
chain (including supermarkets, corner shops, markets, distribution and supply
depots). Each sample is then analysed in carefully selected certified laboratories
for residues of, typically, up to several dozen different types of pesticides.
Each sample is tested for around 200 pesticides. This list is updated each
calendar year which means that direct comparisons with previous surveys is not
possible for new pesticides added to the list.
All EU countries monitor food for pesticide residues. To co-ordinate activities, each year the European
Commission proposes a number of surveys to be carried out by all member states. The surveys are usually
of fruit and vegetables. In 2007 EU surveys are of: apples, cabbages, leeks, lettuce, peaches and
nectarines, strawberries, tomatoes, celery and rye/oats. The number of samples to be analysed is greater for
the countries with larger populations (such as the UK). Results from EU surveys are published as a single
report on the Commission’s website
(http://europa.eu.int/comm/food/fvo/specialreports/pesticides_index_en.htm).
The surveillance programme is organised on an annual basis, divided into four quarters. The programme
ensures all the major components of our national diet are sampled (milk, bread, potatoes, fruit and
vegetables, cereals and related products, and animal products). The programme is not designed to provide a
representation of residues in our diet – it is carefully targeted and looks more at those commodities likely to
contain residues. Some commodities are surveyed every year, whilst others are surveyed less frequently,
for example once every three years; this is what we call the rolling programme.
The sampling and analysis is carried out in accordance with stringent international standards.
Reporting the results
Details of the surveillance programme are outlined in this report. It details the number and source of the
foodstuffs analysed and any residues detected. We highlight and investigate findings of residues which:
• are in excess of statutory maximum residue levels (MRL) of a pesticide permitted in foods.
• are within the MRL or have no MRL but which result in intakes in excess of the Acute Reference
Dose (ARfD) (e.g. as done for dithiocarbamates and phosmet). New ARfDs are established relatively
early in the EC review programme of active substances as part of the consideration of human
toxicological effects. MRLs for individual commodities are now established after a decision has been
taken whether or not to include an active substance on the European ‘positive list’ of authorised
substances (Annex I to Directive 91/414/EEC). There can be a time delay extending to many years
between establishing the ARfD for an active substance and establishing corresponding, new MRLs
in the legislation of member states. Updating of the toxicology database and establishment of a
lower ARfD as part of that process may result in the subsequent need to reduce the MRL. Identifying
and carrying out risk assessments on residues within the MRL but which give intakes above the
ARfD allows us to keep track of the EC process and seek the early consideration of existing MRLs to
reflect our concerns.
• occur in UK grown produce where there is no UK approval for use of that pesticide.
• for particular categories of pesticides have a similar mode of action, by publishing details of
combined risk assessments.
A screening assessment is done for each residue and commodity combination to identify residue levels that
would lead to intakes above the relevant reference doses. Detailed assessments are then produced for
every case where the actual residue level found could lead to an intake above the reference dose. You can
find more details of the risk assessments at Section II.
3
The Results
Apples
Introduction Apples are monitored every year because of their importance in the diet,
particularly for children. We have surveyed apples every year since 1995.
This year apples are also being surveyed across the whole EU.
Survey design This is the second part of our survey which covers samples collected between
August and November 2007. The first part covered samples collected between
January and May 2007 and was published in our Quarter 2 2007 Report.
All samples for this part of the survey were purchased from national retail outlets
by a market research company.
Further details Full details of pesticides sought and residues detected are in Table 4 at page 65
Risk assessments carried out by PSD are at page 53.
Suppliers details are in the Brand Name Annex
Conclusions
PRC Conclusions A sample contained a residue of diphenylamine from which the risk assessment
shows an effect on health would be very unlikely (see risk assessments in
Section II).
Results
When samples were Between August and November 2007
taken
Number of samples 90 samples were tested for up to 188 pesticide residues
Origin of samples Cooking
• 42 samples came from the UK
Eating
• 7 samples came from the UK
• 27 samples were imported from outside the EU
• 14 samples came from the EU
Residues found 26 samples contained no residues from those sought
64 samples contained residues above the reporting level
2 samples contained residues above the MRL
6 samples were labelled as organic. None contained residues from those sought
4
Multiple residues 34 samples contained residues of more than one pesticide
• 19 samples contained 2 residues
• 9 samples contained 3 residues
• 5 samples contained 4 residues
• 1 sample contained 5 residues
Residues above the 1 sample from Chile contained a residue of diphenylamine at 5.6 mg/kg. The
MRL MRL is 5 mg/kg.
1 sample from Chile contained a residue of carbaryl at 0.08 mg/kg. The MRL is
0.05* mg/kg.
Risk assessments
(see Section II for full risk assessments)
Number of risk Screening assessments were done for all residues found.
assessments
1 detailed risk assessment was carried out where the residues found gave acute
intakes above the ARfD.
Diphenylamine A sample from Chile contained diphenylamine at 5.6 mg/kg.
The highest intake was 1.1 times the ARfD of 0.5 mg/kg bw/day. The ARfD for
diphenylamine was set on a conservative basis (haematological effects after
seven days of dosing) and used a safety factor of 100. It was unclear whether
any effects would actually occur from a single dose, and the JMPR had
concluded (1998) that an ARfD was not required. Therefore, it is considered very
unlikely that this intake marginally above the ARfD would lead to any effect on
health.
Combined risk 1 risk assessment was carried out for residues of more than one pesticide with
assessment the same toxicological mode of action.
Carbendazim and The PSD risk assessments on the combination concluded that no effect on
thiophanate-methyl health would be expected.
Follow-up Action
Letters sent The Secretariat have written to the suppliers of the samples with residues above
the MRL.
Any comments received are at Appendix D.
Further Two samples from the UK contained carbendazim, which has not been approved
investigation: for use on apples in the UK since June 2006. PSD are investigating.
suspected illegal use
of carbendazim
*
Maximum Residue Levels set at the LOD (LOD MRL): These MRLs are set at a default level, i.e. at the
limit of determination (LOD) where analytical methods can reasonably detect the presence of the pesticide.
Either insufficient trials data are available on which to set a maximum residue level or there may be no use of
the pesticide on that crop in the EU. However they may be permitted elsewhere.
5
Bread
Introduction Bread is monitored every year because it is an important staple food.
This survey covers ordinary bread and speciality bread.
Ordinary bread is made from wheat flour, such as brown, white and wholemeal.
The grain used in UK bread production may be of mixed origin – a lot is
imported.
Speciality bread includes garlic, onion and cheese breads. We last sampled
these types of speciality bread in 2005.
Survey design This is the second part of our survey covering samples obtained in October and
November 2007. The first part of the survey covered samples obtained between
April and June 2007 and was published in our Quarter 3 2007 report.
All samples were purchased from national retail outlets by a market research
company.
Further details Full details of pesticides sought and residues detected are in Table 5 at page 72
Suppliers details are in the Brand Name Annex
Conclusions
PRC Conclusions None of the residues detected would be expected to have an effect on health.
PRC Observations
Eating more starchy foods, like bread, is an important part of the FSA’s advice
on healthy eating.
We often find pesticide residues in bread but our assessment of the risk
indicates that the levels we have found in this survey would not be expected to
have an effect on health.
We have asked the Secretariat to write to the Home Grown Cereals Authority
about the incidence of residues.
Results
When samples were Between October and November 2007
taken
Number of samples 109 samples were tested for 31 pesticide residues
6
Origin of samples Ordinary Bread: Brown & Other
• 16 samples came from the UK
Ordinary Bread: White
• 33 samples came from the UK
Ordinary Bread: Wholemeal
• 24 samples came from the UK
• 1 sample came from the EU
Speciality Bread: Cheese Bread
• 15 samples came from the UK
Speciality Bread: Garlic Bread
• 8 samples came from the UK
Speciality Bread: Olive Bread
• 2 samples came from the UK
• 1 sample was imported from outside the EU
Speciality Bread: Onion Bread
• 2 samples came from the UK
Speciality Bread: Other
• 4 samples came from the UK
Speciality Bread: Tomato Bread
• 3 samples came from the UK
Residues found 11 samples contained no residues from those sought
98 samples contained residues above the reporting level
No samples contained residues above the MRL (there are very few specific
MRLs for bread)
6 samples were labelled as organic.1 sample of organic sliced white bread
contained residues from those sought
Multiple residues 32 samples contained residues of more than one pesticide
• 31 samples contained 2 residues
• 1 sample contained 3 residues
Risk assessments
Number of risk Screening assessments were done for all residues found, and none of the
assessments residues found gave acute intakes above the ARfD or ADI.
Combined risk None required
assessment
Follow-up Action
Organic sample with The Secretariat have written to the supplier of the organic sample with a residue
residue of of a pesticide not permitted in organic production. Defra's Organic Farming
pirimiphos-methyl branch were also informed, and have asked the certifying body to look into the
finding.
7
Cabbage
Introduction Cabbages are being surveyed across the EU this year. The survey is of all
types of cabbages including savoy, red, white and green, but not of other leafy
green vegetables like kale and collards. Cabbage is called "head cabbage" in
residues legislation.
Cabbage was last surveyed in 2004 when 5 samples were found to contain
triazimate. Risk assessments of the highest levels found were calculated to
lead to intakes above the ARfD and therefore the Food Standards Agency
issued RASFFs about these findings. Triazamate was withdrawn from the EU
by the manufacturer and so is no longer approved for use.
Survey design This is the second part of our survey which covers samples of red, white, green
and savoy cabbages collected between July and October 2007. The first part
covered samples of cabbages collected between January and April 2007 and
was published in our Quarter 2 2007 Report.
All samples for this part of the survey were purchased from national retail outlets
by a market research company.
Further details Full details of pesticides sought and residues detected are in Table 6 at page 77
Suppliers details are in the Brand Name Annex
Conclusions
PRC Conclusions None of the residues detected would be expected to have an effect on health.
PRC Observation
Triazamate was sought in this part of the survey and not found in any samples.
Results
When samples were Between July and October 2007
taken
Number of samples 48 samples were tested for 185 pesticide residues
Origin of samples 41 samples came from the UK
7 samples came from the EU
Residues found 45 samples contained no residues from those sought
3 samples contained residues above the reporting level
No samples contained residues above the MRL
5 samples were labelled as organic. None contained residues from those sought
Multiple residues 1 sample contained 2 residues
Risk assessments
Number of risk Screening assessments were done for all residues found, and none of the
assessments residues found gave acute intakes above the ARfD or ADI.
Combined risk None Required
assessments
8
Celery
Introduction Celery is being surveyed across the EU this year.
Celery was last surveyed in 2002 when 2 samples contained residues over the MRL
but no residues were of concern for health.
Survey design This is the second part of our survey which covers samples collected between July
and October 2007. The first part covered samples collected between January and
June 2007 and was published in our Quarter 2 2007 Report.
All samples for this part of the survey were purchased from national retail outlets by
a market research company.
Further details Full details of pesticides sought and residues detected are in Table 7 at page 79
Suppliers details are in the Brand Name Annex
Conclusions
PRC Conclusions None of the residues detected would be expected to have an effect on health.
PRC Observations
In our Quarter 2 report we reported several samples of celery from Spain sampled
in January and February 2007 with residues of fenitrothion above the MRL. The
MRL for fenitrothion in celery changed to 0.01* mg/kg on 30 December 2006. This
change was made for safety reasons with a short lead-in period.
The samples covered by this report are from different sources, due to the change of
season. We have not detected fenitrothion in any of the samples.
We will be monitoring celery again in the first quarter of 2008, to check that
compliance with the new standard has improved.
Results
When samples were Between July and October 2007
taken
Number of samples 49 samples were tested for up to 188 pesticide residues
Origin of samples 47 samples came from the UK
1 sample was imported from outside the EU
1 sample came from the EU
Residues found 44 samples contained no residues from those sought
5 samples contained residues above the reporting level
1 sample contained residues above the MRL
10 samples were labelled as organic. None contained residues from those sought.
Multiple residues 1 sample contained 2 residues.
9
Residues above the 1 sample from the UK contained residues of chlorpropham at 0.2 mg/kg the MRL is
MRL 0.05 mg/kg.
Risk assessments
Number of risk Screening assessments were done for all residues found, and none of the residues
assessments found gave acute intakes above the ARfD or ADI.
Combined risk None Required
assessments
Follow-up Action
Letters sent The Secretariat have written to the supplier of the sample with a residue above the
MRL.
Any comments received are at Appendix D.
Maximum Residue Levels set at the LOD (LOD MRL): These MRLs are set at a default level, i.e. at the
limit of determination (LOD) where analytical methods can reasonably detect the presence of the pesticide.
Either insufficient trials data are available on which to set a maximum residue level or there may be no use of
the pesticide on that crop in the EU. However they may be permitted elsewhere.
10
Cider and Perry
Introduction This is our first survey of cider and perry (sometimes known as pear cider).
The survey covered all forms of alcoholic drinks made from fermented apples or
pears, including white ciders, mass-produced ciders and perrys, perrys marketed
alongside sparkling wines, and premium ciders and perrys from smaller producers.
Survey design This is the complete survey.
Half the samples were collected in York by the Secretariat from local retail outlets.
The rest were collected by a market research company from national retail outlets.
Further details Full details of pesticides sought and residues detected are in Table 8 at page 82
Suppliers details are in the Brand Name Annex
Conclusions
PRC Conclusions No residues were detected at or above the reporting level.
Results
When samples were Between October and November 2007
taken
Number of samples 48 samples were tested for 181 pesticide residues
Origin of samples Cider
• 30 samples came from the UK
• 2 samples were imported from outside the EU
• 4 samples came from the EU
Perry
• 10 samples came from the UK
• 2 samples came from the EU
Residues found 48 samples contained no residues from those sought
No samples contained residues above the reporting level
No samples contained residues above the MRL
3 samples were labelled as organic. None contained residues from those sought
Risk assessments
Number of risk None required
assessments
11
Grapes
Introduction Grapes are sampled regularly because they are widely consumed, and results from
previous surveys have shown that they can contain a relatively wide range of
residues. Grapes are treated frequently because they are susceptible to various
insect and fungal attacks that can damage the crop and therefore its value.
Since 2003 the EC’s Rapid Alert System for Food and Feed (RASFF) has regularly
alerted member States to problems with pesticide residues in grapes. In response to
these problems the Secretariat publishes results for grape monitoring on a monthly
basis. All the results below have already been published on the PRC website.
Survey design Grapes are being surveyed and reported on in every quarter of 2007. This is the
fourth and final part of our survey, covering samples obtained in October to
December.
Around half the samples for this survey were collected twice a month by the Rural
Payments Agency’s Horticultural Marketing Inspectors from a range of points in the
supply chain; wholesale markets, retail depots, ports and import points. The rest of
the samples were purchased from national retail outlets by a market research
company.
Further details Full details of pesticides sought and residues detected are in Table 9 at page 84
Risk assessments carried out by PSD are at page 53.
Suppliers details are in the Brand Name Annex
Conclusions
PRC Conclusions Based on the PSD risk assessment of the residues detected an effect on health
would be unlikely (see risk assessments in Section II).
Results
When samples were Between October and December 2007
taken
Number of samples 65 samples were tested for up to 189 pesticide residues
Origin of samples 39 samples were imported from outside the EU
26 samples came from the EU
Residues found 19 samples contained no residues from those sought
46 samples contained residues above the reporting level
2 samples contained residues above the MRL
No samples were labelled as organic
Multiple residues 28 samples contained residues of more than one pesticide
• 13 samples contained 2 residues
• 5 samples contained 3 residues
• 2 samples contained 4 residues
• 6 samples contained 5 residues
• 1 sample contained 6 residues
• 1 sample contained 7 residues
12
Residues above the 1 sample from Brazil contained a residue of carbofuran at 0.05 mg/kg. The MRL is
MRL 0.02* mg/kg.
1 sample from Brazil contained a residue of acephate at 0.04 mg/kg and of
methamidaphos at 0.03 mg/kg. The MRL for acephate is 0.02* mg/kg and for
methamidaphos is 0.01* mg/kg.
Risk assessments
(see Section II for full risk assessments)
Number of risk Screening assessments were done for all residues found.
assessments
2 detailed risk assessments were carried out where the residues found gave acute
intakes above the ARfD.
Carbofuran 1 sample from Brazil contained a residue of carbofuran at 0.05 mg/kg. The MRL is
0.02* mg/kg.
The highest intake was 3.1 times the ARfD for carbofuran (the residue was found as
3-hydroxy carbofuran and this metabolite has similar acute toxicity to carbofuran so
use of the carbofuran ARfD is appropriate). The ARfD is based on clinical signs of
toxicity in dams in developmental toxicity studies in the rat and incorporates a
standard 100 fold safety margin. The highest intake reduces the safety factor to 30.
The JMPR, in 2002, set an ARfD of 0.009 mg/kg using a lower safety factor of 25,
as the relevant toxic effects are dependent on the maximal concentration (they also
used a dog study as the basis). Reducing the safety factor to 30 based on a
NOAEL for cholingeric findings with a carbamate should be adequate to protect
against adverse effects (If effects were produced they would be transient and
probably mild). In conclusion, although the usual safety margin is reduced an effect
on health is unlikely.
Methomyl 1 sample from USA contained a residue of methomyl at 0.05 mg/kg. The MRL is
0.05* mg/kg.
The highest intake was 1.2 times the ARfD of 0.0025 mg/kg bw/day, based on
animal data and a safety factor of 100. The highest intake is a thirtieth of the single
dose (0.1 mg/kg bw) which was given to humans in a volunteer study which showed
no adverse effects. At the next dose (0.2 mg/kg bw), a slight increase in salivation
was observed. Therefore, although based on the animal data the usual safety
margin is reduced, an effect on health would be unlikely.
EU MRLs for methomyl are under review.
Combined risk 1 risk assessment was carried out for residues of more than one pesticide with the
assessment same toxicological mode of action.
Acephate and 1 sample contained residues of acephate and methamidophos. The PSD risk
methamidophos assessment concluded that no effect on health would be expected.
Follow-up action
Letters sent The Secretariat have written to the suppliers of the samples with residues above the
MRL.
The Secretariat have written to the supplier of the sample with a residue of
methomyl that could lead to intakes above the ARfD for their information.
Any comments received are at Appendix D.
* Maximum Residue Levels set at the LOD (LOD MRL): These MRLs are set at a default level, i.e. at the
limit of determination (LOD) where analytical methods can reasonably detect the presence of the pesticide.
Either insufficient trials data are available on which to set a maximum residue level or there may be no use of
the pesticide on that crop in the EU. However they may be permitted elsewhere.
13
Herbs
Introduction Herbs were last tested in 2002 as part of the rolling programme when one residue
above the MRL was found of the 25 pesticides sought. Compared to other green,
leafy foodstuffs herbs are full of complex aromatic compounds. This means that
analysing them is technically challenging. The analytical work for this survey was
based on research and development funded by PSD.
All the sampled tested were of fresh, cut herbs (i.e. not herbs growing in pots), not
dried samples.
Survey design Samples of fresh cut herbs were collected from April to December. Samples of
different herbs were taken purely on the basis of availability – the four types of
herbs included in the survey were basil, coriander, mint and parsley. The numbers
of each type collected was not targeted.
All samples for this part of the survey were purchased from national retail outlets by
a market research company.
Further details Full details of pesticides sought and residues detected are in Table 10 at page 90.
Risk assessments carried out by PSD are at page 53.
Suppliers details are in the Brand Name Annex
Conclusions
PRC Conclusions None of the residues detected would be expected to have an effect on health (see
risk assessments in Section II).
PRC Observations
Incidence of residues above MRLs
We asked PSD to investigate the high incidence of residues above the MRL in
herbs. There are no safety issues but because most of the exceedances were for
pesticides which had regulatory approval for use on herbs in the UK then we need
to explore whether the established MRLs are appropriate for these uses. We will
also be contacting the British Herb Trade Association and importers about these
results to determine whether growers are following the conditions of approval.
We will do a follow-up investigative survey of herbs in Q1 2008.
Chlorothalonil residues
One sample of coriander from the UK contained chlorothalonil at 43 mg/kg. A
screening risk assessment identified that this residue would not be expected to have
an effect on health, due to the lower toxicitiy of propamocarb compared to other
pesticides.
Results
When samples were Between April and December 2007
taken
Number of samples 72 samples were tested for up to 186 pesticide residues
14
Origin of samples Basil
• 1 sample came from the UK
• 5 samples were imported from outside the EU
• 2 samples came from the EU
Coriander
• 11 samples came from the UK
• 11 samples were imported from outside the EU
• 13 samples came from the EU
Mint
• 1 sample came from the UK
Parsley
• 7 samples came from the UK
• 15 samples were imported from outside the EU
• 6 samples came from the EU
Residues found 36 samples contained no residues from those sought
36 samples contained residues above the reporting level
9 samples contained residues above the MRL
No samples were labelled as organic.
Multiple residues 22 samples contained residues of more than one pesticide
• 13 samples contained 2 residues
• 3 samples contained 3 residues
• 2 samples contained 4 residues
• 1 sample contained 5 residues
• 1 sample contained 6 residues
• 1 sample contained 9 residues
• 1 sample contained 10 residues
Residues above the A sample of basil from the Israeli-occupied West Bank contained a residue of
MRL dichlorvos at 0.09 mg/kg. The MRL is 0.01* mg/kg.
A sample of coriander from Morocco contained a residue of chlorothalonil at 43
(forty three) mg/kg. The MRL is 5 mg/kg.
A sample of coriander from Spain contained a residue of dimethoate at 0.01 mg/kg
and of omethoate at 0.02 mg/kg. The MRL for both dimethoate and omethoate is
0.01* mg/kg
A sample of parsley from Spain contained a residue of chlorothalonil at 5.2 mg/kg.
The MRL is 5 mg/kg.
A sample of parsley from Morocco contained a residue of chlorpyrifos at 0.1 mg/kg.
The MRL is 0.05* mg/kg.
A sample of parsley from the UK contained a residue of chlorpropham at 0.06
mg/kg. The MRL is 0.05* mg/kg.
Two samples of parsley from the UK contained a residue of azoxystrobin at 3.4 mg/
and 4.5 mg/kg. The MRL is 3 mg/kg. Both samples also contained residues of
dithiocarbamates at 7.2 mg/kg and 8.2 mg/kg respectively. The MRL for
dithiocarbamates is 5 mg/kg.
A sample of parsely from the UK contained a residue of dithicocarbmates at 5.4
mg/kg. The MRL is 5 mg/kg.
* Maximum Residue Levels set at the LOD (LOD MRL): These MRLs are set at a default level, i.e. at the
limit of determination (LOD) where analytical methods can reasonably detect the presence of the pesticide.
Either insufficient trials data are available on which to set a maximum residue level or there may be no use of
the pesticide on that crop in the EU. However they may be permitted elsewhere.
15
Risk assessments
(see Section II for full risk assessments)
Number of risk Screening assessments were done for all residues found, and none of the residues
assessments found gave acute intakes above the ARfD or ADI.
Combined risk 1 risk assessment was carried out for residues of more than one pesticide with the
assessment same toxicological mode of action.
Dimethoate and A sample of coriander from Spain contained a residue of dimethoate at 0.01 mg/kg
omethoate and of omethoate at 0.02 mg/kg. Based on spinach intake data the total intake was
below 100% of both ARfDs therefore no effect on health would be expected.
Follow-up Action
Letters sent The Secretariat have written to the suppliers of the samples with residues above
the MRL.
Any comments received are at Appendix D.
16
Kiwi Fruit
Introduction Kiwi fruit is being surveyed as part of our rolling programme. We last surveyed kiwi
fruit in 2004 when we found no residues over the MRL or other results of concern.
Survey design This is the second part of our survey which covers samples collected between
August and November 2007. The first part covered samples collected between
February and May 2007 and was published in our Quarter 2 2007 Report.
All samples for this part of the survey were purchased from national retail outlets by
a market research company.
Further details Full details of pesticides sought and residues detected are in Table 11 at page 97.
Suppliers details are in the Brand Name Annex
Conclusions
PRC Conclusions None of the residues detected would be expected to have an effect on health.
Results
When samples were Between August and November 2007
taken
Number of samples 48 samples were tested for 185 pesticide residues
Origin of samples 43 samples were imported from outside the EU
5 samples came from the EU
Residues found 37 samples contained no residues from those sought
11 samples contained residues above the reporting level
No samples contained residues above the MRL
6 samples were labelled as organic. None contained residues from those sought
Multiple residues 2 samples contained 2 residues.
Risk assessments
Number of risk Screening assessments were done for all residues found. None of the residues
assessments found gave acute intakes above the ARfD or ADI.
Combined risk None required
assessment
17
Leeks
Introduction Leeks are being surveyed across the EU this year.
We last surveyed leeks in 2004 when we found no residues over the MRL or other
results of concern.
Survey design This is the second part of our survey which covers samples collected between July
and November 2007. The first part covered samples collected between January
and April 2007 and was published in our Quarter 2 2007 Report.
All samples for this survey were purchased from national retail outlets by a market
research company.
Further details Full details of pesticides sought and residues detected are in Table 12 at page 99.
Suppliers details are in the Brand Name Annex
Conclusions
PRC Conclusions None of the residues detected would be expected to have an effect on health.
Results
When samples were Between July and November 2007
taken
Number of samples 35 samples were tested for 184 pesticide residues
Origin of samples 26 samples came from the UK
9 samples came from the EU
Residues found 31 samples contained no residues from those sought
4 samples contained residues above the reporting level
1 sample contained a residue above the MRL
5 samples were labelled as organic. None contained residues from those sought
Multiple residues 3 samples contained contained 2 residues
Residues above the One samples from Spain contained a residue of procymidone at 0.03 mg/kg. The
MRL MRL is 0.02* mg/kg.
*
Maximum Residue Levels set at the LOD (LOD MRL): These MRLs are set at a default level, i.e. at the
limit of determination (LOD) where analytical methods can reasonably detect the presence of the pesticide.
Either insufficient trials data are available on which to set a maximum residue level or there may be no use of
the pesticide on that crop in the EU. However they may be permitted elsewhere.
18
Risk assessments
Number of risk Screening assessments were done for all residues found. None of the residues
assessments found gave acute intakes above the ARfD or ADI.
Combined risk None required
assessment
Follow-up action
Letters sent The Secretariat have written to the supplier of the sample with a residue above the
MRL.
Any comments received are at Appendix D.
Further One sample from the UK contained a residue of chlorpyrifos at 0.05 mg/kg.
investigation: Chlorpyrifos is not approved for use on leeks in the UK. PSD investigated this
Suspected illegal finding with the supplier but as the sample was sold loose there was not enough
use of chlorpyrifos traceability details.
19
Lettuce
Introduction In the 1990s the surveillance programme detected unapproved use of pesticides on
UK lettuce. Since then UK and imported lettuce has been sampled annually. Types
of lettuce surveyed include: round, little gem, Romaine, and iceberg.
Survey design These results are for the third part of the survey. The first part was published in our
Q1 2007 report and the second part was published in our Q2 2007 report.
Samples were purchased across the UK from retail outlets by a market research
company.
Further details Full details of pesticides sought and residues detected are in Table 13 at page 101.
Suppliers details are in the Brand Name Annex
Conclusions
PRC Conclusions None of the residues detected would be expected to have an effect on health.
Results
When samples were Between July and November 2007
taken
Number of samples 73 samples were tested for up to 188 pesticide residues
Origin of samples 59 samples came from the UK
1 sample was imported from outside the EU
13 samples came from the EU
Residues found 55 samples contained no residues from those sought
18 samples contained residues above the reporting level
No samples contained residues above the MRL
4 samples were labelled as organic. None contained residues from those sought
Multiple residues 9 samples contained residues of more than one pesticide
• 5 samples contained 2 residues
• 4 samples contained 4 residues
Risk assessments
Number of risk Screening assessments were done for all residues found. None of the residues
assessments found gave acute intakes above the ARfD or ADI.
Combined risk None required
assessment
20
Milk
Introduction This survey is of whole and semi-skimmed cows’ milk and goats’ milk. Skimmed
milk is not included in our surveys because of its very low fat content (typically
around 0.1%). The pesticides sought are all fat-soluble, so would not be likely to be
found in milk with such a low fat content.
Cows’ milk has been tested every year since before 2000 when the PRC was
formed. Residues have not been generally detected in cows’ milk for many years,
although dieldrin was detected in 1 sample at a very low level in quarter 3 of 2003.
This is the second year we have surveyed goats’ milk. In 2006 no residues were
detected.
Survey design Milk is being sampled and reported on in every quarter of 2007.
Samples were purchased across the UK from retail outlets by a market research
company.
Further details Full details of pesticides sought and residues detected are in Table 14 at page 105.
Suppliers details are in the Brand Name Annex
Conclusions
PRC Conclusions No residues were detected at or above the reporting level.
Results
When samples were Between October and December 2007
taken
Number of samples 78 samples were tested for 13 pesticide residues
Origin of samples Cows milk
• 60 samples came from the UK
Goats milk
• 18 samples came from the UK
Residues found 78 samples contained no residues from those sought
No samples contained residues above the reporting level
No samples contained residues above the MRL
15 samples were labelled as organic. None contained residues from those sought
Multiple residues No samples contained residues of more than one pesticide
Risk assessments
Number of risk None required
assessments
21
Oats and Rye
Introduction This year oats and rye are being surveyed across the whole EU. We last surveyed
oats and rye in 2004, when we found two residues over the MRL and none of the
residues detected were expected to have an effect on health.
Survey design These are the complete results of our survey, covering samples collected between
September and November 2007.
The samples were collected from farms in England by an agricultural consultancy.
Further details Full details of pesticides sought and residues detected are in Table 15 at page 106
Because samples were collected on farms, suppliers’ details do not apprear in the
Brand Name Annex in accordance with PRC’s brand naming policy (see ‘Supplier
Details’ section on page xx).
Conclusions
PRC Conclusions None of the residues detected would be expected to have an effect on health.
PRC Observations
All samples for this survey were taken from farm grain stores before the food
entered the supply chain. MRLs do not apply until the food is in the supply chain
however for comparison purposes we have listed the MRLs. We have asked the
Secretariat to draw these results to attention of the Home Grown Cereals Authority.
Results
When samples were Between September and November 2007
taken
Number of samples 71 samples were tested for 31 pesticide residues
Origin of samples Oats
• 68 samples came from the UK
Rye
• 3 samples came from the UK
Residues found 11 samples contained no residues from those sought
60 samples contained residues above the reporting level
4 samples contained residues above the MRL
No samples were labelled as organic.
Multiple residues 18 samples contained residues of more than one pesticide
• 14 samples contained 2 residues
• 4 samples contained 3 residues
22
Residues above the Three samples contained residues of chlormequat at 6.3 mg/kg, 6.9 mg/kg and 8
MRL mg/kg. The MRL is 5 mg/kg.
One sample contained a residue of chlorpropham at 0.1 mg/kg. The MRL is 0.02*
mg/kg.
Risk assessments
Number of risk Screening assessments were done for all residues found. None of the residues
assessments found gave acute intakes above the ARfD or ADI.
Combined risk None required
assessment
Follow-up action
Letters sent The Secretariat have written to the growers of the samples with a residue above the
MRL for information. As samples were taken from farm stores, not from the food
chain MRLs do not apply.
Any comments received are at Appendix D.
Further One sample contained chlorpropham at 0.1 mg/kg. Chlorpropham is not approved
investigation: for use on oats. PSD are investigating.
suspected illegal use
of chlorpropham and One sample contained mepiquat at 0.1 mg/kg. Mepiquat is not approved for use on
mepiquat oats. PSD have written to the farmer to remind him of the requirement to only use
approved products and to clean equipment between treatments.
* Maximum Residue Levels set at the LOD (LOD MRL): These MRLs are set at a default level, i.e. at the
limit of determination (LOD) where analytical methods can reasonably detect the presence of the pesticide.
Either insufficient trials data are available on which to set a maximum residue level or there may be no use of
the pesticide on that crop in the EU. However they may be permitted elsewhere.
23
Peaches and Nectarines
Introduction Peaches and nectarines are being surveyed across the EU this year.
When we surveyed peaches and nectarines in 2001 we found a small number of
samples containing residues of organophosphorus pesticides (methamidaphos and
acephate) above the MRLs. These results were followed up in 2003 by a special
survey concentrating on those active substances, where we found residues again
but below the MRLs.
Survey design This is the third and final part of our survey which covers samples collected in
October and November 2007. The first part covered samples collected between
February and June and was published in our Quarter 2 2007 Report. The second
part covered samples collected between July and September and was published in
our Q3 Report.
All samples for this part of the survey were purchased from national retail outlets by
a market research company.
Further details Full details of pesticides sought and residues detected are in Table 16 at page 109
Risk assessments carried out by PSD are at page 53.
Suppliers details are in the Brand Name Annex
Conclusions
PRC Conclusions Two samples of peaches from the USA, which came from the same farm,
contained a residue of carbaryl from which the risk assessment shows an effect on
health would be unlikely (see risk assessments in Section II).
Results
When samples were Between October and November 2007
taken
Number of samples 55 samples were tested for 186 pesticide residues
Origin of samples Nectarines
• 22 samples were imported from outside the EU
• 8 samples came from the EU
Peaches
• 19 samples were imported from outside the EU
• 6 samples came from the EU
Residues found 4 samples contained no residues from those sought
51 samples contained residues above the reporting level
3 samples contained residues above the MRL
No samples were labelled as organic.
Multiple residues 33 samples contained residues of more than one pesticide
• 12 samples contained 2 residues
• 12 samples contained 3 residues
• 7 samples contained 4 residues
• 2 samples contained 5 residues
24
Residues above the A sample of peaches from Spain contained a residue of captan at 0.1 mg/kg. The
MRL MRL is 0.02* mg/kg.
Two samples of peaches from the USA contained residues of carbaryl at 0.08
mg/kg and 0.2 mg/kg. The MRL is 0.05* mg/kg. The samples were purchased on
the same day but from different retailers in seperate towns. Follow-up action by the
Secretariat revealed that both these samples came from the same farm in the USA.
Risk assessments
(see Section II for full risk assessments)
Number of risk Screening assessments were done for all residues found.
assessments
1 detailed risk assessment was carried out where the residues found gave acute
intakes above the ARfD.
Carbaryl Two samples of peaches from the USA contained residues of carbaryl at 0.08
mg/kg and 0.2 mg/kg. The MRL is 0.05* mg/kg. Both these samples came from the
same farm.
At the higher level found intakes for one of the consumer groups exceed the acute
reference dose of 0.01 mg/kg bw/day. The intake of the critical group toddlers is 1.1
times the ARfD. This intake is 90 times below an oral dose given repeatedly to rats
(13 weeks) with no indication of neurotoxic effects. This intake is also 900 times
lower than the lowest single dose known to cause neurotoxic effects in rats.
Therefore, although the ARfD’s safety margin is reduced from 100, an effect on
health would be unlikely.
Combined risk None required
assessment
Follow-up action
Letters sent The Secretariat have written to the suppliers of the samples with a residue above
the MRL.
Any comments received are at Appendix D.
RASFF issued An alert was issued by the EU for the following sample through the EC’s Rapid Alert
System for Food and Feed (RASFF) (see glossary for more details).
• 1 sample containing carbaryl at 0.2 mg/kg the MRL is 0.05* mg/kg.
* Maximum Residue Levels set at the LOD (LOD MRL): These MRLs are set at a default level, i.e. at the
limit of determination (LOD) where analytical methods can reasonably detect the presence of the pesticide.
Either insufficient trials data are available on which to set a maximum residue level or there may be no use of
the pesticide on that crop in the EU. However they may be permitted elsewhere.
25
Tinned Peaches
Introduction Tinned (canned) peaches are being surveyed as part of the rolling programme.
Tinned peaches were last surveyed in 2003 (as part of a survey of tinned peaches
and pineapple). No residues were detected.
Survey design This survey covers samples collected in October and November 2007
All samples for this part of the survey were purchased from national retail outlets by
a market research company. The survey includes samples in metal cans and plastic
pots. Samples were in either natural fruit juice or syrup.
Further details Full details of pesticides sought and residues detected are in Table 17 at page 116
Suppliers details are in the Brand Name Annex
Conclusions
PRC Conclusions None of the residues detected would be expected to have an effect on health.
Results
When samples were October and November 2007
taken
Number of samples 48 samples were tested for 185 pesticide residues
Origin of samples 4 samples were imported from outside the EU
44 samples came from the EU
Residues found 46 samples contained no residues from those sought
2 samples contained residues above the reporting level
No samples contained residues above the MRL
No samples were labelled as organic.
There are no MRLs for processed peaches. The residues found could have come
from the peaches or the fruit juice (grape) they were perserved in.
Multiple residues No samples contained residues of more than one pesticide
Risk assessments
Number of risk Screening assessments were done for all residues found. None of the residues
assessments found gave acute intakes above the ARfD or ADI.
Combined risk None required
assessment
26
Follow-up action
Letters sent The Secretariat have written to the suppliers of the samples with residues for
information.
Any comments received are at Appendix D.
27
Pears
Introduction Pears are sampled as part of the rolling programme. They have been surveyed
frequently since 1995 partly based on information that chlormequat, a plant growth
regulator not approved for use on fruiting pears in the UK, was being used by some
UK growers. In addition residues above the MRL were also found in imported
produce.
Survey design This is the second part of our survey, covering samples obtained between July and
December 2007. The first part covered samples collected between January and
June 2007 and was published in our Quarter 2 2007 Report.
About half of the samples for this part of the survey were collected twice a month by
the Rural Payments Agency’s Horticultural Marketing Inspectors from a range of
points in the supply chain; wholesale markets, retail depots, ports and import points.
The rest of the samples were purchased from national retail outlets by a market
research company.
Further details Full details of pesticides sought and residues detected are in Table 18 at page 118.
Risk assessments carried out by PSD are at page 53.
Suppliers details are in the Brand Name Annex
Conclusions
PRC Conclusions 4 samples contained a residue of azinphos-methyl, dithiocarbamates or folpet from
which the risk assessment shows an effect on health would be unlikely (see risk
assessments in Section II).
Results
When samples were Between July and December 2007
taken
Number of samples 99 samples were tested for up to 189 pesticide residues
Origin of samples 35 samples came from the UK
12 samples were imported from outside the EU
52 samples came from the EU
Residues found 18 samples contained no residues from those sought
81 samples contained residues above the reporting level
No samples contained residues above the MRL
3 samples were labelled as organic. 1 contained residues from those sought
28
Multiple residues 63 samples contained residues of more than one pesticide
• 15 samples contained 2 residues
• 25 samples contained 3 residues
• 12 samples contained 4 residues
• 8 samples contained 5 residues
• 2 samples contained 6 residues
• 1 sample contained 7 residues
Risk assessments
(see Section II for full risk assessments)
Number of risk Screening assessments were done for all residues found.
assessments
3 detailed risk assessments were carried out where the residues found gave acute
intakes above the ARfD.
Azinphos-methyl 18 samples contained azinphos-methyl at levels ranging from 0.02 mg/kg to 0.2
mg/kg. The MRL at time of sampling is 0.5 mg/kg.
At the highest level found (0.2 mg/kg, found in two samples) intakes for three of
the consumer groups exceed the acute reference dose of 0.01 mg/kg bw/day. The
highest intake was 1.5 times the ARfD, based on animal data and a 100 fold safety
factor. This intake is 67 times below the single oral dose given to humans
(1 mg/kg bw) in a volunteer study which showed no adverse effects. Therefore,
although the usual safety factor on the animal data is reduced, an effect on health
would be unlikely.
The EU MRL for azinphos-methyl in pears is planned to be reduced to 0.05 mg/kg
with effect from 19 September 2008.
(Intakes from the other 16 samples were below the acute reference dose for all
consumer groups.)
Dithiocarbamates 33 samples contained dithiocarbamates at levels ranging from 0.05 mg/kg to 1.7
mg/kg. The MRL is 3 mg/kg.
At the highest level found (1.7 mg/kg) intakes for five of the consumer groups
exceed the acute reference dose of 0.08 mg/kg bw/day. The highest intake was 3.3
times the ARfD. The highest intake is one thirtieth of the daily dose (8 mg/kg bw)
which was given to rats for 10 days in a developmental study, without any adverse
effect. Therefore, although the usual safety factor, of 100, is reduced, an effect on
health would be unlikely.
The European Commission’s Standing Committee on the Food Chain and Animal
Health reviewed dithiocarbamates MRLs for pears in 2006. The MRLs expressed
as CS2 can arise from different dithiocarbamates and therefore they do not reflect a
single Good Agricultural Practice (GAP). It is therefore not appropriate to use these
MRLs to check compliance with a GAP. Following the review, specific MRLs of 5
mg thiram/kg and 1 mg ziram were proposed to replace that for CS2. This risk
assessment has assumed that the measured CS2 residue was derived from ziram.
However, if it is assumed to be derived from thiram, the estimated thiram residue
would be 2.7 mg thiram/kg, and the highest intake would be 35% of the thiram
ARfD (0.6 mg/kg bw/d, EU 2005).
(Intakes from the other 32 samples were below the acture reference dose for all
consumer groups.)
29
Folpet 4 samples contained folpet at levels ranging from 0.1 mg/kg to 2 mg/kg. The MRL
is 3 mg/kg.
At the highest level found (2 mg/kg) intakes for three of the consumer groups
exceed the acute reference dose of 0.1 mg/kg bw/day. The highest intake was 1.5
times the ARfD. The highest intake is below an alternative proposal for the ARfD
(0.2 mg/kg bw) which has been made by EFSA in late 2007 based on data not fully
considered in the previous review (this ARfD would be the same as the value
proposed by the JMPR). The highest intake is 67 times lower than the daily dose
(10 mg/kg bw/day) given to rabbits for 10 days in a developmental study, without
any adverse effect. Even if the lower ARfD is maintained, the usual safety factor of
100 would be reduced but an effect on health would be unlikely.
(Intakes from the other 3 samples were below the acture reference dose for all
consumer groups.)
Combined risk 2 risk assessments were carried out for residues of more than one pesticide with
assessment the same toxicological mode of action.
Azinphos-methyl 5 samples contained residues of azinphos-methyl and phosmet. The PSD risk
and phosmet assessments on the highest combination found concluded that no effect on health
would be expected.
Malathion and 2 samples contained residues of malathion and phosmet. The PSD risk
phosmet assessments on the highest combination found concluded that no effect on health
would be expected.
Follow-up action
Further A sample from the UK was found to contain diphenylamine at 0.06 mg/kg.
investigation: Diphenylamine is not approved for use on pears in the UK. PSD are investigating.
suspected illegal use
of diphenylamine It is possible that this residue arose from contamination from plastics rather than
from use of diphenylamine as a pesticide.
Further Two samples from the UK contained carbendazim, which has not been approved
investigation: for use on pears in the UK since June 2006. PSD are investigating.
suspected illegal use
of carbendazim
Further A sample from the UK contained metalaxyl. Metalaxyl is no longer approved in the
investigation: UK, and the closely-related pesticide metalaxyl-M is not approved for use on pears
suspected illegal use in the UK. PSD are investigating.
of metalaxyl or
metalaxyl-M
Further A sample from the UK contained diethofencarb which has never been approved for
investigation: any use in the UK. PSD are investigating.
suspected illegal use
of diethofencarb
Further The Secretariat have written to the supplier of the organic sample with a residue of
investigation: iprodione which is not permitted in organic production. Defra's Organic Farming
organic sample with branch were also informed, and have asked the certifying body to look into the
residue of iprodione finding.
Iprodione is sometimes used as a post-harvest treatment, so its possible the
pesticide was used on farm. Iprodione residues can come from cross-
contamination, but at the level found this seems unlikely.
30
Peppers
Introduction This survey is of the type of peppers also known as sweet peppers, bell peppers or
capsicum, but excludes chilli peppers.
We monitored peppers in 2006 and in 2004, when we found a few residues above
the MRL but no consistent issues. Before 2004, occasional unacceptably high
residues of organophosphorus pesticides had been found.
In late December 2006 EU were told through the EC’s Rapid Alert System for Food
and Feed (RASFF) (see glossary for more details) that isofenphos-methyl had been
found in peppers grown in the Almeria region of Spain and tested in Germany.
Isofenphos-methyl has never been approved in any EU member State.
Investigations by the Spanish authorities indicate the chemical was illegally
imported.
In response to this situation, we are surveying peppers again this year. We are
testing for a far wider range of pesticides than last year, including isofenphos-
methyl.
Survey design This is the third part of our survey. The first part was published in our Quarter 1
2007 report and the second part in our Quarter 3 2007 report.
All the samples covered by this report were taken by the Rural Payments Agency’s
Horticultural Marketing Inspectors from a range of points in the supply chain;
wholesale markets, retail depots, ports and import points.
Further details Full details of pesticides sought and residues detected are in Table 19 at page 126.
Suppliers details are in the Brand Name Annex
Conclusions
PRC Conclusions None of the residues detected would be expected to have an effect on health
PRC Observations
None of the samples contained isofenphos-methyl.
We will continue to monitor of peppers in 2008 and report the results monthly.
Results
When samples were Between October and November 2007
taken
Number of samples 36 samples were tested for 189 pesticide residues
Origin of samples 5 samples were imported from outside the EU
31 samples came from the EU
31
Residues found 25 samples contained no residues from those sought
11 samples contained residues above the reporting level
No samples contained residues above the MRL
No samples were labelled as organic.
Multiple residues 3 samples contained residues of more than one pesticide
• 1 sample contained 2 residues
• 1 sample contained 3 residues
• 1 sample contained 4 residues
Risk assessments
Number of risk Screening assessments were done for all residues found. None of the residues
assessments found gave acute intakes above the ARfD or ADI.
Combined risk None required
assessments
32
Pork
Introduction Pork is monitored as part of the rolling programme.
Samples included chops, joints, steaks and diced pork but not minced pork.
We last monitored pork in 2003 when no residues were detected.
Survey design This is the second part of our survey covered samples collected between October
and December 2007. The first part covered samples collected between January
and March and was published in our Quarter 1 2007 Report.
Samples were purchased across the UK from retail outlets by a market research
company.
Further details Full details of pesticides sought and residues detected are in Table 20 at page 129.
Suppliers details are in the Brand Name Annex
Conclusions
PRC Conclusions No residues were detected at or above the reporting level.
Results
When samples were Between October and December 2007
taken
Number of samples 49 samples were tested for 11 pesticide residues
Origin of samples 35 samples came from the UK
14 samples came from the EU
Residues found 49 samples contained no residues from those sought
No samples contained residues above the reporting level
No samples contained residues above the MRL
2 samples were labelled as organic. None contained residues from those sought
Multiple residues No samples contained residues of more than one pesticide
Risk assessments
Number of risk None required
assessments
33
Potatoes
Introduction Potatoes are monitored annually due to their importance as a staple component of
the diet. This survey covers maincrop (or ware) potatoes and new potatoes. MRLs
for maincrop and new potatoes can differ because maincrop may be treated with
pesticides during long term storage.
Survey design This is the second part of our survey, covering samples obtained in June to
December 2007. The first part covered samples obtained in January to June 2007
and the results were published in our Quarter 2 2007 Report.
All the samples were collected by officers from Defra’s Plant Health and Seeds
Inspectorate (PHSI). They took them from processors, wholesalers, packers, farms
and ports.
Further details Full details of pesticides sought and residues detected are in Table 21 at page 130.
Suppliers details are in the Brand Name Annex
Conclusions
PRC Conclusions None of the residues detected would be expected to have an effect on health
Results
When samples were Between June and December 2007
taken
Number of samples 78 samples were tested for up to 189 pesticide residues
Origin of samples Maincrop
• 65 samples came from the UK
New
• 8 samples came from the UK
• 2 samples were imported from outside the EU
• 3 samples came from the EU
Residues found 58 samples contained no residues from those sought
20 samples contained residues above the reporting level
3 samples contained residues above the MRL
2 samples were labelled as organic. None contained residues from those sought
Multiple residues 2 samples contained 2 residues
34
Residues above the 3 samples from the UK were found to contain fosthiazate at 0.03 mg/kg, 0.04 mg/kg
MRL and 0.05 mg/kg. The MRL is 0.02* mg/kg.
Risk assessments
Number of risk Screening assessments were done for all residues found. None of the residues
assessments found gave acute intakes above the ARfD or ADI.
Combined risk None required
assessment
Follow-up action
Letters sent The Secretariat have written to the suppliers of the samples with a residue above
the MRL.
Any comments received are at Appendix D.
* Maximum Residue Levels set at the LOD (LOD MRL): These MRLs are set at a default level, i.e. at the
limit of determination (LOD) where analytical methods can reasonably detect the presence of the pesticide.
Either insufficient trials data are available on which to set a maximum residue level or there may be no use of
the pesticide on that crop in the EU. However they may be permitted elsewhere.
35
Pumpkins and Squash
Introduction Squash and pumpkins are surveyed every few years as part of the rolling
programme. Both were last sampled in 2003. No residues were detected in squash
but four samples of pumpkin contained residues of dieldrin. These residues
appeared to arise from environmental contamination and there were no health
concerns associated with the levels found.
Survey design This survey covers samples collected between July and December 2007.
All samples for this survey were purchased from national retail outlets by a market
research company.
Further details Full details of pesticides sought and residues detected are in Table 22 at page 133.
Suppliers details are in the Brand Name Annex
Conclusions
PRC Conclusions The residue detected would not be expected to have an effect on health
PRC Observations
Dieldrin was not found in any samples in which it was sought.
Results
When samples were Between July and December 2007
taken
Number of samples 48 samples were tested for up to 188 pesticide residues
Origin of samples Pumpkin
• 2 samples came from the UK
Squash
• 3 samples came from the UK
• 16 samples were imported from outside the EU
• 27 samples came from the EU
Residues found 47 samples contained no residues from those sought
1 sample contained residues above the reporting level
No samples contained residues above the MRL
9 samples were labelled as organic. None contained residues from those sought
Multiple residues No samples contained residues of more than one pesticide
36
Risk assessments
Number of risk Screening assessments were done for all residues found. The residue found did
assessments not give acute intakes above the ARfD or ADI.
Combined risk None required.
assessment
37
Soft citrus
Introduction Soft citrus fruits, such as satsumas, clementines, mandarins and tangerines are
sampled every few years as part of the rolling programme.
They were last sampled in 2004, where a few samples contained residues over the
relevant MRL but no health concerns were identified.
Survey design This is the second part of our survey which covers samples collected between July
and November 2007. The first part covered samples collected between January
and June 2007 and was published in our Quarter 2 2007 Report.
All samples for this part of the survey were purchased from national retail outlets by
a market research company.
Further details Full details of pesticides sought and residues detected are in Table 23 at page 135.
Risk assessments carried out by PSD are at page 53.
Suppliers details are in the Brand Name Annex
Conclusions
PRC Conclusions Based on the PSD risk assessment of the residues detected an effect on health
would be unlikely (see risk assessments in Section II)
Results
When samples were Between July and November 2007
taken
Number of samples 37 samples were tested for 183 pesticide residues
Origin of samples 21 samples were imported from outside the EU
16 samples came from the EU
Residues found All samples contained residues
No samples contained residues above the MRL
No samples were labelled as organic.
Multiple residues 37 samples contained residues of more than one pesticide
• 5 samples contained 3 residues
• 11 samples contained 4 residues
• 9 samples contained 5 residues
• 9 samples contained 6 residues
• 2 samples contained 7 residues
38
Risk assessments
(see Section II for full risk assessments)
Number of risk Screening assessments were done for all residues found.
assessments
1 detailed risk assessment was carried out where the residues found gave acute
intakes above the ARfD.
Methidathion 6 samples contained residues of methidathion at levels ranging from 0.04 mg/kg to
0.88 mg/kg. The MRL is 2 mg/kg.
The highest intake was 1.1 times the ARfD of 0.01 mg/kg bw/day. This intake is 10
times lower than the daily dose given to adult human volunteers for 6 weeks
without any adverse health effects (including any effect on plasma or RBC
cholinesterase). An effect on health would therefore be unlikely.
The European Commission’s Standing Committee on the Food Chain and Animal
Health reviewed the methidathion MRL for citrus in 2006, and after taking account
of the highest residue measured after removal of the peel concluded that the
current MRL of 2 mg/kg was sufficiently protective of consumer health.
Combined risk 3 risk assessments were carried out for residues of more than one pesticide with
assessment the same toxicological mode of action.
Chlorpyrifos, 2 samples contained residues of chlorpyrifos, malathion and pirimiphos-methyl.
malathion and The PSD risk assessments on the highest combination found concluded that no
pirimiphos methyl effect on health would be expected.
Chlorpyrifos, 1 sample contained residues of chlorpyrifos, malathion and methidathion. The PSD
malathion and risk assessments on the highest combination found concluded that no effect on
methidathion health would be expected from the combination. The presence of chlorpyrifos and
malathion in the sample does not significantly contribute to the overall combined
intake when compared to methidathion. The risk assessment presented for
methidathion remains valid.
Chlorpyrifos and 13 samples contained residues of chlorpyrifos and malathion. The PSD risk
malathion assessments on the highest combination found concluded that no effect on health
would be expected.
39
Speciality Fruit
Introduction This survey includes a wide range of speciality fruit. This quarter we are reporting
on figs, guava, passion fruit, persimmons (including Sharon fruit), physallis (also
known as cape gooseberries) and pomegranates.
We tend to find residues for a number of pesticides in exotic fruits. Previous surveys
have found a relatively high proportion contained residues above the MRL. The
MRLs set in these crops are often set at the lowest level which can routinely be
tested for (called the Limit of Determination or LOD) because producers have not
supplied information to set a higher level. This is a particular issue with developing
countries that grow these products for export.
Survey design Speciality fruit are being surveyed and reported upon in all quarters of 2007. This is
the fourth and final part of our survey.
Further details Full details of pesticides sought and residues detected are in Table 24 at page 141.
Suppliers details are in the Brand Name Annex
Conclusions
PRC Conclusions None of the residues detected would be expected to have an effect on health
Results
When samples were During October 2007
taken
Number of samples 26 samples were tested for up to 156 pesticide residues
Origin of samples Figs
• 5 samples were imported from outside the EU
Guava
• 1 sample was imported from outside the EU
Passion fruit
• 5 samples were imported from outside the EU
Persimmon
• 4 samples were imported from outside the EU
Physallis
• 1 sample was imported from outside the EU
Pomegranates
• 1 sample was imported from outside the EU
• 9 samples came from the EU
Residues found 20 samples contained no residues from those sought
6 samples contained residues above the reporting level
3 samples contained residues above the MRL
No samples were labelled as organic.
40
Multiple residues 1 sample contained 2 residues.
Residues above the One sample of passion fruit from Columbia contained a residue of dithiocarbamates
MRL at 0.07 mg/kg. The MRL is 0.05* mg/kg.
One sample of persimmons from Israel contained a residue of thiacloprid at 0.03
mg/kg. The MRL is 0.02* mg/kg
One sample of pomegranates from Spain contained a residue of acetamiprid at 0.02
mg/kg. The MRL is 0.01* mg/kg.
Risk assessments
Number of risk Screening assessments were done for all residues found. None of the residues
assessments found gave acute intakes above the ARfD or ADI.
Combined risk None required
assessment
Follow-up action
Letters sent The Secretariat have written to the suppliers of the samples with a residue above
the MRL.
Any comments received are at Appendix D.
* Maximum Residue Levels set at the LOD (LOD MRL): These MRLs are set at a default level, i.e. at the
limit of determination (LOD) where analytical methods can reasonably detect the presence of the pesticide.
Either insufficient trials data are available on which to set a maximum residue level or there may be no use of
the pesticide on that crop in the EU. However they may be permitted elsewhere.
41
Strawberries
Introduction Strawberries are being monitored across the EU this year.
We last monitored strawberries in 2004, as part our rolling programme. We found 4
residues over the MRL but no patterns of concern.
Survey design This is the second part of our survey which covers samples collected between July
and November 2007. The first part covered samples collected between January
and June 2007 and was published in our Quarter 2 2007 Report.
All samples for this survey were purchased from national retail outlets, including
pick-your-own farms, by a market research company.
Further details Full details of pesticides sought and residues detected are in Table 25 at page 145.
Suppliers details are in the Brand Name Annex
Conclusions
PRC Conclusions None of the residues detected would be expected to have an effect on health.
Results
When samples were Between July and November 2007
taken
Number of samples 49 samples were tested for 186 pesticide residues
Origin of samples 37 samples came from the UK
12 samples came from the EU
Residues found 4 samples contained no residues from those sought
45 samples contained residues above the reporting level
No samples contained residues above the MRL
1 sample was labelled as organic and contained no residues from those sought
Multiple residues 39 samples contained residues of more than one pesticide
• 8 samples contained 2 residues
• 10 samples contained 3 residues
• 6 samples contained 4 residues
• 7 samples contained 5 residues
• 4 samples contained 6 residues
• 3 samples contained 7 residues
• 1 sample contained 8 residues
42
Risk assessments
Number of risk Screening assessments were done for all residues found. None of the residues
assessments found gave acute intakes above the ARfD or ADI.
Combined risk None required
assessment
Follow-up action
Further One sample of UK strawberries contained a residue of DDT in the form of DDE.
investigation: DDT has not been approved for use on any crop in the UK for over 20 years, but as
residue of DDT it is environmental persistent the residue may come from historical environmental
contamination.
43
Tomatoes
Introduction Tomatoes are being monitored across the EU this year.
We last monitored tomatoes as part of a previous EU survey in 2004. Our Quarter 2
2004 report included a sample of tomatoes from Spain that contained chlormequat
above the MRL, and at levels where a risk assessment showed that safety margins
were eroded although here was no risk to health. Chlormequat was specifically
added to the EU's list of actives to be included in the survey because use is not
permitted in tomatoes anywhere in Europe.
Survey design This is the second part of our survey which covers samples collected between July
and November 2007. The first part covered samples collected between January
and June 2007 and was published in our Quarter 2 2007 Report.
All the samples for this part of the survey are collected twice a month by the Rural
Payments Agency’s Horticultural Marketing Inspectors from a range of points in the
supply chain; wholesale markets, retail depots, ports and import points.
Further details Full details of pesticides sought and residues detected are in Table 26 at page 151.
Suppliers details are in the Brand Name Annex
Conclusions
PRC Conclusions None of the residues detected would be expected to have an effect on health
PRC Observations
No residues of chlormequat were detected.
Results
When samples were Between July and November 2007
taken
Number of samples 46 samples were tested for 185 pesticide residues
Origin of samples Beefsteak
• 2 samples came from the UK
• 7 samples came from the EU
Cherry
• 3 samples came from the UK
• 2 samples was imported from outside the EU
• 6 samples came from the EU
Plum
• 1 sample came from the UK
• 4 samples came from the EU
Round
• 6 samples came from the UK
• 4 samples came from the EU
Vine
• 4 samples came from the UK
• 7 samples came from the EU
44
Residues found 26 samples contained no residues from those sought
20 samples contained residues above the reporting level
No samples contained residues above the MRL
No samples were labelled as organic.
Multiple residues 7 samples contained 2 residues.
Risk assessments
Number of risk Screening assessments were done for all residues found. None of the residues
assessments found gave acute intakes above the ARfD or ADI.
Combined risk None required
assessment
45
Turkey
Introduction Turkey is monitored as part of the rolling programme.
Samples included joints, steaks, legs and sliced or diced turkey, but not minced
turkey or whole birds (although these are not excluded from the survey).
We last monitored turkey in 2004 when no residues were detected.
Survey design This is the second part of our survey. The first part covered samples collected
between January and March and was published in our Quarter 4 2007 Report.
Samples were purchased across the UK from retail outlets by a market research
company.
Further details Full details of pesticides sought and residues detected are in Table 27 at page 156.
Suppliers details are in the Brand Name Annex
Conclusions
PRC Conclusions No residues were detected at or above the reporting level.
Results
When samples were Between October and December 2007
taken
Number of samples 70 samples were tested for 11 pesticide residues
Origin of samples 67 samples came from the UK
3 samples came from the EU
Residues found 70 samples contained no residues from those sought
No samples contained residues above the reporting level
No samples contained residues above the MRL
No samples were labelled as organic.
Multiple residues No samples contained residues of more than one pesticide
Risk assessments
Number of risk None required
assessments
46
Water (bottled)
Introduction Bottled water is being tested as part of the rolling programme. The last time we
surveyed bottled water was in 2000 when no residues were found.
Survey design This survey covers samples of still and sparkling mineral or spring water. Table
water was not included. Drinking water is monitored by the drinking water
inspectorate for pesticide residues, however, bottled water is not covered by this
monitoring.
Samples for this survey were collected from national retail outlets by a market
research company and by PSD direct from water cooler suppliers and springs.
Reporting limits for this survey were typically 100 times lower than routinely used in
fruit and vegetable surveys. These levels are consistent with the legal limits for
pesticides in drinking water.
Further details Full details of pesticides sought and residues detected are in Table 28 at page 157
Suppliers details are in the Brand Name Annex
Conclusions
PRC Conclusions No residues were detected at or above the reporting level.
Results
When samples were Between July and October 2007
taken
Number of samples 156 samples were tested for up to 188 pesticide residues
Origin of samples Sparkling
• 28 samples came from the UK
• 3 samples came from the EU
Still
• 86 samples came from the UK
• 1 sample was imported from outside the EU
• 38 samples came from the EU
Residues found 156 samples contained no residues from those sought
No samples contained residues above the reporting level
No samples contained residues above the MRL
No samples were labelled as organic.
All samples were tested for all multi-residue pesticides. Then a subset which
include a sample from each source was tested for single residue method pesticides.
Multiple residues No samples contained residues.
Risk assessments
Number of risk None required.
assessments
47
Supplier Details
Introduction
The following information is available on each sample collected this quarter:
• Date and place of collection
• Description (e.g. ‘runner bean’, organic milk);
• Country of origin or manufacture;
• Brand name and packer/manufacturer; and
• Residues detected (results shown in green indicate residues above the MRL).
The Government’s ‘brand naming’ policy
The Government has decided that brand name information should be published as part of the Government
food chemical surveillance programme. Brand names have been published for most pesticide residue
surveys since 1998. Certain samples are excluded from the release of brand name information. These
include samples taken as part of any pesticide residues enforcement programme and those taken as part of
surveys to study individual people/farms (these are not covered by this monitoring programme). This policy
was reviewed in 2000/1, when Ministers agreed to its continuation.
Where we find residues above an MRL or the presence of non-approved pesticides brand owners/retailers/
growers are notified of the result in advance of publication of reports and given four weeks to comment. Any
responses we receive are included in Appendix D.
Interpreting brand name information
There is no ready definition of what constitutes a brand in all cases. For clearly branded produce like
breakfast cereals or biscuits the “brand owner” is shown. In the case of “own brand” goods this may be one
of the multiple retailers. For fruit and vegetables the retailer is generally shown. For meat, milk and most
other animal products the retailer is also generally shown. Finally, for all commodities the country of origin is
shown where this was displayed either on the produce or in the store.
Our programme samples produce in approximate proportion to the market share of the main retailers. This
has been done to ensure we obtain an accurate representation of a sector (e.g. fruit and vegetables).
Individual programmes are not capable of generating statistically valid information on residues in particular
crops from particular retailers. This would require the collection of a much larger number of samples: either
substantially increasing costs or greatly reducing the range of different foods sampled in any one year.
Therefore, results from an individual survey cannot be taken as a fair representation of the residues status of
any particular brand.
However, we do collect samples from a variety of outlets in a range of locations, over a period of years.
Successive programmes should therefore help generate information on the typical residues profile of
particular types of produce and on major trends in the incidence and levels of pesticides. It should be noted
that this quarterly report is not intended to give a comprehensive comparison with previous surveys of the
same commodities.
A particular issue arises in relation to the country of origin of fruit and vegetables. The origins included in the
reports are those recorded either on the produce or in the store. However, it is not uncommon for mixing to
occur on shop shelves. We have responded by increasing the proportion of pre-packed goods sampled.
However, pre-packed samples are not available for some produce in some stores and it could also introduce
bias to surveys if loose produce were not sampled. Loose produce is therefore sampled but the origin of the
sample should be interpreted with a degree of caution.
48
Section II
PSD assessment of risk
The surveillance programme is designed to enable the regulatory authorities to check that:
• specified pesticide MRLs are being respected;
• users of pesticides are complying with conditions of use specified in the authorisation;
• dietary intakes of residues are within acceptable limits.
This section details how risks from dietary intakes are assessed.
When assessments are carried out
A screening assessment is done for each residue and commodity combination to identify residue levels that
would lead to intakes above the relevant reference doses. Further information on this screening approach is
available on request from PSD. Detailed assessments are then produced for every case where the actual
residue level found could lead to an intake by any group above the reference dose
Assessing Dietary intakes
Assessing the acceptability of dietary intakes is complicated. Consumer risk assessments are carried out for
both short-term (peak) and long-term intakes. These assessments use information on food consumption
collected in UK dietary surveys in conjunction with the residue levels we find. Occasionally, additional
pesticide specific information on the losses of residues that occur during preparation and/or cooking of food
is also used.
How the assessment is carried out
Short-term intakes (also called NESTIs) are calculated using consumption data for high-level consumers,
based on single-day consumption values and the highest residue found in a food commodity. The residue
found is multiplied by a variability factor to take account of the fact that residues may vary between individual
items that make up the sample analysed. The estimated intake is compared to the Acute Reference Dose
(ARfD). This is done for ten consumer groups; adults, infants, toddlers, 4-6 year olds, 7-10 year olds, 11-14
year olds, 15-18 year olds, vegetarians, elderly living in residential homes and elderly living in their own
homes.
Long-term intakes (NEDI) are also calculated for high-level consumers, but in this case the consumption
data are high-level long-term values rather than peak single-day events, and similarly the residue values
used reflect long-term average levels rather than occasional high values. Again these estimates are made
for the ten consumer groups. In this case the estimated intake is compared to the Acceptable Daily Intake
(ADI). More information on intake assessments is available on PSD’s website:
http://www.pesticides.gov.uk/applicant_advice_home.asp?id=1687
The reference doses (ADI, ARfD) are set by the Advisory Committee on Pesticides (ACP), or agreed within
the EC (an increasing proportion of UK pesticide authorisations are now carried out in accordance with
harmonised EU processes). However, where neither the UK nor the EC has set a reference dose, levels set
by regulatory authorities in other countries may be used. For a small number of pesticides the reference
doses used have been determined by PSD. These have not been independently peer-reviewed and should
therefore be regarded as provisional. Reference dose values are also available on PSD’s website:
https://secure.pesticides.gov.uk/TEAWeb/intro.asp
Although MRLs are not safety levels, an MRL would not be established if the residue concentrations
measured in the supervised trials used to support the MRL would give rise to health concerns. In most
cases residues present at the MRL result in intakes below the ARfD and the ADI. So even if the MRL is
exceeded this does not always lead to an intake above the ARfD or ADI.
In addition, an estimated intake that exceeds the ADI or ARfD does not automatically result in concerns for
consumer health, because a protective approach is used in setting the ADI and ARfD. In the unusual
circumstance of an intake exceeding the ADI or ARfD, an evaluation of the toxicological data is made, and
details of this assessment would be presented.
49
Most consumer intakes are for short-term exposure rather than chronic exposure. This is because in most
cases the monitoring data show the majority of samples to contain residues below the reporting limit and so
chronic exposure would not present a concern. Long-term risk assessments have been carried out on a
case-by-case basis, but are not routinely reported. Long-term exposure assessments done using median
residue levels, rather than using the highest residues found. Therefore, long-term risk assessments would
only need to be carried out where the PRC data indicated a high proportion of samples contained residues
above the MRL (this would result in a higher median residue level than that previously assessed when
setting the MRL), or where there is no MRL and acute toxicology is not considered relevant for the particular
pesticide concerned
Acute (short term) toxicology is not a concern for all pesticides, as some are not acutely toxic. In terms of
the pesticides that have been found in fruit and vegetables through the surveillance programme an acute risk
assessment would not be necessary on the following: tecnazene, maleic hydrazide, bitertanol, buprofezin,
dicloran, diphenylamine, ethoxyquin, furalaxyl, imazalil, iprodione, kresoxim-methyl, myclobutanil,
permethrin, pendimethalin, 2-phenylphenol, propargite, propyzamide, quintozene, thiabendazole, tolclofos-
methyl and vinclozolin.
As the surveillance programme monitors residues in all types of food, from raw commodities (e.g. potatoes)
to processed (e.g. wine), dried (e.g. dried fruit) and composite foods (e.g. fruit bread), consumer risk
assessments are specifically tailored to address processed and mixed food products. MRLs are generally
set for raw commodities, although when MRLs are established the assessment of dietary intakes takes into
account the potential for residues to remain in processed foods produced from the raw agricultural
commodities. MRLs have been set for processed infant foods, and in future may be extended to other
processed food products.
Residues are usually reduced during food processing and occasionally may concentrate. The alteration of
residues can be considered in consumer risk assessments, for example, in oil seed rape a fat-soluble
pesticide may result in higher residues in the oil compared to residues in the raw seed. Consumption data
are available for many major processed food items such as boiled potatoes, crisps, fruit juice, sugar, bread,
and wine. Where such consumption data are not available, the intake estimates are based on the total
consumption of the raw commodity, which would represent the worst-case (for example, breakfast cereals
consumption would be based on total cereal products consumption). In the case of composite products a
suitable worst-case alternative would be used, for example total bread consumption for fruit bread
consumption.
Probabilistic Modelling
The standard calculations of consumer exposure use realistic consumption data and residue levels.
However, they tend to overestimate intakes in most circumstances. This is due to the assumptions used;
fruit and vegetables would contain high levels of residue in an individual unit and that these would be
consumed by high-level consumers. They do not take into account the possible range of residue levels and
consumption distributions that may occur in reality. These possible combinations of residues and
consumption levels can be taken into account using modelling/simulation techniques to produce probability
distributions of residue intake levels to indicate the range of consumer intakes, presented as a probabilistic
assessment of consumer exposure. These techniques are not yet routinely used to estimate dietary intakes
of pesticide residues in the EC.
Multiple residues
The risk assessment process is not standing still. We are aware that some consumers are concerned by the
‘cocktail effect’- the possible implications of residues of more than one chemical occurring in, say, a single
portion of fruit or vegetables or the interaction between mixtures of pesticides and veterinary medicines at
residue levels.
Where more than one pesticide residue is found in a sample, we produce a separate table which identifies
each sample and what was found (see Appendix C). If more than one organophosphate/carbamate is found
we will undertake an additional risk assessment. If the combination of pesticides found is either unusual or
gives cause for concern then this will be detailed in the report.
The Food Standards Agency (FSA) asked the Committee on Toxicity of Chemicals in Food, Consumer
Products and the Environment to assess these concerns. Their Report Risk Assessment of Mixtures of
Pesticides and Veterinary Medicines was published in 2002. The Committee concluded that the probability of
any health hazard from exposures to mixtures is likely to be small. Nonetheless, it identified areas of
50
uncertainty in the risk assessment process and made recommendations for further work. These fell under the
broad headings of regulatory, surveillance, research and public information issues. An action plan to take
forward the recommendations has been published on the FSA website at:
http://www.food.gov.uk/safereating/pesticides/pestmixbranch/. A number of research projects have been
commissioned by the FSA to help progress the action plan; details can be found at
http://www.food.gov.uk/multimedia/pdfs/ressurprjlistsep07 and
http://www.food.gov.uk/science/research/researchinfo/researchportfolio/researchannualreports/
Scientific methodologies have yet to be developed to deal with mixtures from groups of pesticides identified
by the Committee. However, the Advisory Committee on Pesticides (ACP) has developed an approach for
the anticholinesterase compounds. They have also recommended an approach for assessing compounds
that might have combined toxicity. This includes a consideration of the proportion of the respective
reference doses taken up by the predicted exposures to each active substance. If this is only a small
proportion (e.g. <50% if there are two components; <33% for 3 etc) then assuming simple additivity the risks
would still be acceptable. However if exposures to each active substance represent a high proportion of the
respective reference doses and the total exceeds 100% a more detailed consideration is
needed.(http://www.pesticides.gov.uk/approvals.asp?id=1556 ).
We are keen to ensure our reports reflect consumer concerns. We therefore now regularly assess findings
showing multiple residues of organophosphate and carbamate pesticides. Combined assessment is a new
development in risk assessment, which is being taken forward at the international level, e.g. the European
Food Safety Authority (EFSA) held a colloquium in 2006 and has set-up two working groups to help develop
the methodology (http://www.efsa.europa.eu/EFSA/Scientific_Document/comm_colloque_7_en.pdf ;
http://www.efsa.europa.eu/EFSA/efsa_locale-1178620753812_1177665598186.htm ;
http://www.efsa.europa.eu/EFSA/efsa_locale-1178620753812_1177665598172.htm). Further advances in
risk assessment methodology will be taken into account in developing the approach to multiple risk
assessments in the future.
51
Assessment of Risk to Human Health
Screening assessments have been done for all acutely toxic and potentially acutely toxic pesticides to check that predicted intakes are
within the ARfD (or ADI, as appropriate, where an ARfD is not available). An acute exposure assessment is not done for pesticides
which are not acutely toxic where it has been established that an ARfD is not required. PSD’s Toxicological Endpoints Database is
available on the PSD website at https://secure.pesticides.gov.uk/TEAWeb/intro.asp
The screening assessment uses the internationally agreed approach to short-term (acute) consumer exposure assessment with UK food
consumption data as detailed within the UK NESTI model which is available on the PSD website at
http://www.pesticides.gov.uk/approvals.asp?id=1687.
For the Q4 assessments, the following approaches have been taken to refine the NESTI according to case-by-case issues and to ensure
that appropriate consumption values are used for less frequently consumed commodities where available food consumption data may be
limited:
• The available consumption data on passion fruit are limited, so data on kiwi fruit were used.
• Consumption data on physallis are not available; this speciality fruit is also known as cape gooseberry, an orange berry full of tiny
seeds held in a parchment-like case, and the size of a cherry tomato. The screening assessment was performed using
consumption data for gooseberry.
• Consumption data on persimmon are not available. The screening assessment was performed using consumption data for
peaches.
• Consumption data on basil, mint and coriander are not available. Two screening assessments were performed using consumption
data for both parsley and spinach.
52
Short-term intake estimates
Crop Pesticide Highest Intake ARfD Source Comment on risk assessment
residue (mg/kg bw/day) (mg/kg
(mg/kg) bw/day)
Adult Critical
group†
Apple Diphenylamine 5.6 0.084 0.55 (infants) 0.5 PSD, 2004 The highest intake was 1.1 times the ARfD of 0.5 mg/kg
bw/day. The ARfD for diphenylamine was set on a
conservative basis (haematological effects after seven days
of dosing) and used a safety factor of 100. It was unclear
whether any effects would actually occur from a single
dose, and the JMPR had concluded (1998) that an ARfD
was not required. Therefore, it is considered very unlikely
that this intake marginally above the ARfD would lead to
any effect on health.
Table grapes Carbofuran* 0.05 0.00099 0.0031 (toddler) 0.001 EFSA The highest intake was 3.1 times the ARfD for carbofuran
0.0025 (4-6 year 2006 (the residue was found as 3-hydroxy carbofuran and this
olds) metabolite has similar acute toxicity to carbofuran so use of
0.0023 (7-10 the carbofuran ARfD is appropriate). The ARfD is based on
year olds) clinical signs of toxicity in dams in developmental toxicity
0.0018 (11-14 studies in the rat and incorporates a standard 100 fold
year old) safety margin. The highest intake reduces the safety factor
0.0015 to 30. The JMPR, in 2002, set an ARfD of 0.009 mg/kg
(vegetarian) using a lower safety factor of 25, as the relevant toxic
0.0014 (infant) effects are dependent on the maximal concentration (they
also used a dog study as the basis). Reducing the safety
factor to 30 based on a NOAEL for cholingeric findings with
a carbamate should be adequate to protect against adverse
effects (If effects were produced they would be transient
and probably mild). In conclusion, although the usual safety
margin is reduced an effect on health is unlikely.
53
Crop Pesticide Highest Intake ARfD Source Comment on risk assessment
residue (mg/kg bw/day) (mg/kg
(mg/kg) bw/day)
Adult Critical
group†
Table grapes Methomyl 0.05 0.00099 0.0031 (toddler) 0.0025 EFSA The highest intake was 1.2 times the ARfD of 0.0025 mg/kg
2006 bw/day, based on animal data and a safety factor of 100.
The highest intake is a thirtieth of the single dose (0.1
mg/kg bw) which was given to humans in a volunteer study
which showed no adverse effects. At the next dose (0.2
mg/kg bw), a slight increase in salivation was observed.
Therefore, although based on the animal data the usual
safety margin is reduced, an effect on health would be
unlikely.
EU MRLs for methomyl are under review.
Peach Carbaryl 0.2 0.0025 0.011 0.01 EFSA, Intakes for one of the consumer groups exceed the acute
(toddler) 2006 reference dose of 0.01 mg/kg bw/day. The intake of the
critical group toddlers is 1.1 times the ARfD. This intake is
90 times below an oral dose given repeatedly to rats (13
weeks) with no indication of neurotoxic effects. This intake
is also 900 times lower than the lowest single dose known
to cause neurotoxic effects in rats. Therefore, although the
ARfD’s safety margin is reduced from 100, an effect on
health would be unlikely.
Pear Azinphos-methyl 0.2 0.0032 0.015 (toddler) 0.01 EFSA, Intakes for three of the consumer groups exceed the acute
0.014 (infant) 2007 reference dose of 0.01 mg/kg bw/day. The highest intake
0.011 was 1.5 times the ARfD, based on animal data and a 100
(4-6 year olds) fold safety factor. This intake is 67 times below the single
oral dose given to humans (1 mg/kg bw) in a volunteer
study which showed no adverse effects. Therefore,
although the usual safety factor on the animal data is
reduced, an effect on health would be unlikely.
The EU MRL for azinphos-methyl in pears will be reduced
with effect from 19 September 2008.
54
Crop Pesticide Highest Intake ARfD Source Comment on risk assessment
residue (mg/kg bw/day) (mg/kg
(mg/kg) bw/day)
Adult Critical
group†
Pear Dithiocarbamates 3.4a 0.055 0.26 (toddler) 0.08 EU, 2004 Intakes for five of the consumer groups exceed the acute
0.25 (infant) reference dose of 0.08 mg/kg bw/day. The highest intake
0.18 was 3.3 times the ARfD. The highest intake is one thirtieth
(4-6 year olds) of the daily dose (8 mg/kg bw) which was given to rats for
0.12 10 days in a developmental study, without any adverse
(7-10 year olds) effect. Therefore, although the usual safety factor, of 100,
0.08 is reduced, an effect on health would be unlikely.
(11- 14 year
olds) The European Commission’s Standing Committee on the
Food Chain and Animal Health reviewed dithiocarbamates
MRLs for pears in 2006. The MRLs expressed as CS2 can
arise from different dithiocarbamates and therefore they do
not reflect a single Good Agricultural Practice (GAP). It is
therefore not appropriate to use these MRLs to check
compliance with a GAP. Following the review, specific
MRLs of 5 mg thiram/kg and 1 mg ziram were proposed to
replace that for CS2. This risk assessment has assumed
that the measured CS2 residue was derived from ziram.
However, if it is assumed to be derived from thiram, the
estimated thiram residue would be 2.7 mg thiram/kg, and
the highest intake would be 35% of the thiram ARfD (0.6
mg/kg bw/d, EU 2005).
Pear Folpet 2.0 0.032 0.15 (toddler) 0.1 EU, 2007 Intakes for three of the consumer groups exceed the acute
0.14 (infant) reference dose of 0.1 mg/kg bw/day. The highest intake
0.11 was 1.5 times the ARfD. The highest intake is below an
(4-6 year olds) alternative proposal for the ARfD (0.2 mg/kg bw) which has
been made by EFSA in late 2007 based on data not fully
considered in the previous review (this ARfD would be the
same as the value proposed by the JMPR). The highest
intake is 67 times lower than the daily dose (10 mg/kg
bw/day) given to rabbits for 10 days in a developmental
study, without any adverse effect. Even if the lower ARfD is
maintained, the usual safety factor of 100 would be reduced
but an effect on health would be unlikely.
55
Crop Pesticide Highest Intake ARfD Source Comment on risk assessment
residue (mg/kg bw/day) (mg/kg
(mg/kg) bw/day)
Adult Critical
group†
Soft citrus Methidathion 0.2 0.0022 0.011 (toddler) 0.01 JMPR, The highest intake was 1.1 times the ARfD of 0.01 mg/kg
1997 bw/day. This intake is 10 times lower than the daily dose
given to adult human volunteers for 6 weeks without any
adverse health effects (including any effect on plasma or
RBC cholinesterase). An effect on health would therefore
be unlikely.
The European Commission’s Standing Committee on the
Food Chain and Animal Health reviewed the methidathion
MRL for citrus in 2006, and after taking account of the
highest residue measured after removal of the peel
concluded that the current MRL of 2 mg/kg was sufficiently
protective of consumer health.
†
Highest intake of all ten consumer groups, or intakes for all consumer groups that exceed the ARfD
*Detected as 3-hydroxy carbofuran
a
Dithiocarbamate (ziram) residue calculated as 3.4 mg/kg based on a carbon disulphide residue of 1.7 mg/kg. Dithiocarbamate residues are determined as carbon
disulphide which is a common product from different dithiocarbamates; for the risk assessment a precautionary approach is taken: the worse case dithiocarbamate
residue is calculated by assuming the residue is derived from ziram and this is compared to the ARfD for ziram.
56
Acute risk assessments for samples containing more than one organophosphorus/carbamate or captan/folpet
Crop/Critical group Pesticide Residue Intake ARfD Source Comment on risk assessment
mg/kg mg/kg bw %ARfD
Apple/ infant Carbendazim 0.1 0.0098 49.0 Total 0.02 EU, 2006 Total is <100% no effect on health
Thiophanate-methyl 0.1 0.0098 4.9 53.9% 0.2 EU, 2005 would be expected.
Coriander (spinach) / Dimethoate 0.1 0.00057 5.7 Total 0.01 EU 2006 Total is <100% no effect on health
4-6 yr olds Omethoate 0.6* 0..0034 34.0 39.7% would be expected.
Grapes/toddlers Acephate 0.04 0.0024 2.4 Total 0.1 JMPR 2005 Total is <100% no effect on health
Methamidophos 0.03 0.0018 61.0 63.5% 0.003 EU, 2006 would be expected.
Pear/ toddler Malathion 0.03 0.0023 0.8 Total 0.3 EFSA, 2006 Total is <100% no effect on health
Phosmet 0.03 0.0023 5.1 5.9% 0.045 EU, 2006 would be expected.
Pear/ toddler Azinphos-methyl 0.2 0.015 153.2 Total 0.01 EFSA, 2007 Total is >100%. For azinphos-methyl
Phosmet 0.1 0.0077 17.0 170% 0.045 EU, 2006 the acute intake for toddlers is
67 times below the single oral dose
given to humans (1 mg/kg bw) in a
volunteer study which showed no
adverse effects. For phosmet the
acute intake for toddlers is 0.17 times
the ARfD of 0.045 mg/kg bw, and is
260 times below the single oral dose
given to humans (2 mg/kg bw) in a
volunteer study which showed no
adverse effects. Based on the results
of the volunteer study with phosmet,
this intake of phosmet would not be
expected to contribute significantly to
any effect on health from the combined
intake of azinphos-methyl and
phosmet in this sample. The risk
assessment presented for azinphos-
methyl remains valid.
Soft citrus/ toddlers Chlorpyrifos 0.05 0.0028 2.8 Total 0.1 EU, 2005 Total is <100% no effect on health
Malathion 0.08 0.0045 1.5 11.7% 0.3 EFSA, 2006 would be expected.
Pirimiphos-methyl 0.2 0.011 7.4 0.15 EU, 2007
57
Crop/Critical group Pesticide Residue Intake ARfD Source Comment on risk assessment
mg/kg mg/kg bw %ARfD
Soft citrus/ toddlers Chlorpyrifos 0.07 0.0039 3.9 Total 0.1 EU, 2005 Total is >100%. The presence of
Malathion 0.2 0.011 3.7 118.9% 0.3 EFSA, 2006 chlorpyrifos and malathion in the
Methidathion 0.2 0.011 111.3 0.01 JMPR, 1997 sample does not significantly
contribute to the overall combined
intake when compared to
methidathion. The risk assessment
presented for methidathion remains
valid.
Soft citrus/ toddlers Chlorpyrifos 0.1 0.0056 5.6 Total 0.1 EU, 2005 Total is <100% no effect on health
Malathion 0.8 0.045 14.8 20.4% 0.3 EFSA, 2006 would be expected.
Phosmet 0.1 0.0077 17.0 0.045 EU, 2006
*Omethoate residue = 0.1 mg/kg x 6 [conversion factor] = 0.6 mg/kg
58
INDEX OF APPENDICES
Appendix A - Summary Of Results
Appendix B - Summary Of MRL Exceedances
Appendix C - Pesticides Sought And Found In Individual Foodstuffs
Appendix D - Additional Action Taken
Appendix E - Pesticides Analysed as Multi-Component Analytes
59
Appendix A
Summary of Results
Table 1:All commodities (number of samples)
Food Analysed With residues With residues With residues of non- With multiple Organic Organic samples
at or below the above the MRL approved pesticides residues samples tested with residues
MRL (UK only)
Apples 90 62 2 2 34 6 0
Bread 109 98 0 None 32 6 1
Cabbage 48 3 0 None 1 5 0
Celery 49 4 1 None 1 10 0
Cider and Perry 48 0 0 n/a 0 3 0
Grapes 65 44 2 None 28 0 n/a
Herbs 72 36 9 None 22 0 n/a
Kiwifruit 48 11 0 None 2 6 0
Leeks 35 3 1 1 3 5 0
Lettuce 73 18 0 None 9 4 0
Milk 78 0 0 n/a 0 15 0
Oats and Rye 71 56 4 2 18 0 n/a
Peaches and Nectarines 55 48 3 None 33 0 n/a
Tinned Peaches 48 2 0 None 0 0 n/a
Pears 99 81 0 4 63 3 1
Peppers 36 11 0 None 3 0 n/a
Pork 49 0 0 n/a 0 2 0
Potatoes 78 17 3 None 2 2 0
60
Food Analysed With residues With residues With residues of non- With multiple Organic Organic samples
at or below the above the MRL approved pesticides residues samples tested with residues
MRL (UK only)
Pumpkins and Squash 48 1 0 None 0 9 0
Soft citrus 37 37 0 None 37 0 n/a
Speciality Fruit 26 3 3 None 1 0 n/a
Strawberries 49 45 0 1 39 1 0
Tomatoes 46 20 0 None 7 0 n/a
Turkey 70 0 0 n/a 0 0 n/a
Water (bottled) 156 0 0 n/a 0 n/a n/a
Total 1583 600 28 10 332 77 2
Maximum Residue Levels (MRLs) reflect levels of pesticides that could occur in produce, which has been treated in accordance with good agricultural
practice. Where pesticides do not give rise to readily detectable residues, or are not approved for use on particular commodities, MRLs are set at the lowest
level which can be identified in routine laboratory analysis. Thus, they provide a mechanism for statutory controls on pesticides in produce which is put into
circulation and for monitoring correct use of these chemicals.
If no use of a pesticide on a crop is identified when MRLs are set the tolerance for that pesticide/crop combination is set at the limit of determination
(effectively zero). Limit of determination MRL are marked by a ‘*’ in Part 2.
MRLs are established under the Pesticides (Maximum Residue Levels in Crops, Food and Feeding Stuffs) (England and Wales) Regulations 1999 (as
amended), the Pesticides (Maximum Residue Levels in Crops, Food and Feeding Stuffs) (Scotland) Regulations 2000 and the Pesticides (Maximum Residue
Levels in Crops, Food and Feeding Stuffs) Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2002. These Regulations list all statutory MRLs established under UK national or
EC procedures. Today, virtually all these MRLs are set under an ongoing EC programme and the Regulations are amended periodically as levels are set for
increasing numbers of pesticides.
There are a number of pesticides which do not yet have statutory MRLs. In the absence of such MRLs we advise suppliers to adhere to any appropriate
levels established by the Codex Alimentarius Commission (CAC) a United Nations body established to promote global trading standards. Codex MRLs are
not statutory but have been risk-assessed when set and provide a suitable standard in the absence of a statutory MRL.
MRLs may be extended to composite and processed products but levels are not specifically laid down in legislation. They are derived by calculation on an
individual basis.
61
Appendix B
Summary Of MRL Exceedances
Table 3: MRL Exceedances
Residue Detected
PRC Sample ID Food Country of Origin Pesticide Detected MRL (mg/kg)
(mg/kg)
Apples
7631/2007 Eating apples Chile diphenylamine 5.6 5
9502/2007 Eating apples Chile carbaryl 0.08 0.05**
Celery
9504/2007 Celery UK chlorpropham 0.2 0.05*
Grapes
acephate 0.04 0.02*
4245/2007 White Seedless Grapes Brazil
methamidophos 0.03 0.01*
8388/2007 White Seedless Grapes Brazil carbofuran 0.05 0.02*
Herbs (fresh)
Israeli-occupied
4286/2007 Basil dichlorvos 0.09 0.01*
Territories
4137/2007 Coriander Morocco chlorothalonil 43 5
dimethoate 0.1 0.02*
4227/2007 Coriander Spain
omethoate 0.1 0.02*
4148/2007 Parsley Morocco chlorpyrifos 0.1 0.05*
4226/2007 Parsley Spain chlorothalonil 5.2 5
8635/2007 Parsley UK chlorpropham 0.06 0.05*
*
Maximum Residue Levels set at the LOD (LOD MRL): These MRLs are set at a default level, i.e. at the limit of determination (LOD) where analytical
methods can reasonably detect the presence of the pesticide. Either insufficient trials data are available on which to set a maximum residue level or there
may be no use of the pesticide on that crop in the EU. However they may be permitted elsewhere.
62
Residue Detected
PRC Sample ID Food Country of Origin Pesticide Detected MRL (mg/kg)
(mg/kg)
azoxystrobin 3.4 3
9658/2007 Parsley UK
dithiocarbamates 7.2 5
9689/2007 Parsley UK dithiocarbamates 5.4 5
azoxystrobin 4.5 3
9800/2007 Parsley UK
dithiocarbamates 8.2 5
Leeks
8891/2007 Extra Trimmed Leeks Spain procymidone 0.03 0.02**
Oats and Rye
9340/2007 Oats UK chlormequat 6.9 5
9364/2007 Oats UK chlorpropham 0.1 0.02*
9376/2007 Oats UK chlormequat 6.3 5
9388/2007 Oats UK chlormequat 8 5
Peaches and Nectarines
5810/2007 Peaches USA carbaryl 0.08 0.05*
7746/2007 Peaches Spain captan 0.1 0.02*
8397/2007 Peaches USA carbaryl 0.2 0.05*
Potatoes
5575/2007 Maincrop potatoes UK fosthiazate 0.05 0.02*
5579/2007 Maincrop potatoes UK fosthiazate 0.04 0.02*
5614/2007 Maincrop potatoes UK fosthiazate 0.03 0.02*
Speciality Fruit
*
Maximum Residue Levels set at the LOD (LOD MRL): These MRLs are set at a default level, i.e. at the limit of determination (LOD) where analytical
methods can reasonably detect the presence of the pesticide. Either insufficient trials data are available on which to set a maximum residue level or there
may be no use of the pesticide on that crop in the EU. However they may be permitted elsewhere.
63
Residue Detected
PRC Sample ID Food Country of Origin Pesticide Detected MRL (mg/kg)
(mg/kg)
8366/2007 Passion fruit Colombia dithiocarbamates 0.07 0.05**
8203/2007 Persimmon Israel thiacloprid 0.03 0.02*
9937/2007 Pomegranates Spain acetamiprid 0.02 0.01*
*
Maximum Residue Levels set at the LOD (LOD MRL): These MRLs are set at a default level, i.e. at the limit of determination (LOD) where analytical
methods can reasonably detect the presence of the pesticide. Either insufficient trials data are available on which to set a maximum residue level or there
may be no use of the pesticide on that crop in the EU. However they may be permitted elsewhere.
64
Appendix C:
Pesticides Sought and Found In Individual Foodstuffs
These tables are available to download from our website
Table 4a. Residues detected in retail samples of APPLES purchased between August
and November 2007
Commodity/Pesticide Concentration range (mg/kg) Number of samples in range
APPLES, COOKING UK: 42 samples analysed
boscalid <0.02 (i.e. not found) 33
(UK tMRL = 1) 0.03 - 0.09 9
bupirimate <0.02 (i.e. not found) 41
(No MRL) 0.02 1
captan <0.05 (i.e. not found) 39
(MRL = 3) 0.07, 0.07, 0.2 3
carbendazim <0.02 (i.e. not found) 40
(MRL = 0.2) 0.03, 0.1 2
chlorpyrifos <0.02 (i.e. not found) 33
(MRL = 0.5) 0.02 - 0.1 9
diflubenzuron <0.02 (i.e. not found) 39
(CAC MRL = 5) 0.03, 0.04, 0.05 3
diphenylamine <0.02 (i.e. not found) 40
(MRL = 5) 0.06, 0.9 2
dithiocarbamates † <0.05 (i.e. not found) 17
(MRL = 3) 0.06, 0.07, 0.1 3
dodine <0.02 (i.e. not found) 39
(CAC MRL = 5) 0.03, 0.04, 0.04 3
indoxacarb <0.02 (i.e. not found) 41
(UK tMRL = 0.3) 0.03 1
myclobutanil <0.02 (i.e. not found) 41
(MRL = 0.5) 0.04 1
pyraclostrobin <0.02 (i.e. not found) 38
(MRL = 0.3) 0.02 - 0.05 4
APPLES, EATING UK: 7 samples analysed
boscalid <0.02 (i.e. not found) 3
(UK tMRL = 1) 0.06 - 0.2 4
bupirimate <0.02 (i.e. not found) 6
(No MRL) 0.04 1
captan <0.05 (i.e. not found) 6
(MRL = 3) 0.09 1
chlorpyrifos <0.02 (i.e. not found) 5
(MRL = 0.5) 0.04, 0.07 2
65
Commodity/Pesticide Concentration range (mg/kg) Number of samples in range
indoxacarb <0.02 (i.e. not found) 6
(UK tMRL = 0.3) 0.03 1
myclobutanil <0.02 (i.e. not found) 6
(MRL = 0.5) 0.04 1
pyraclostrobin <0.02 (i.e. not found) 3
(MRL = 0.3) 0.03 - 0.1 4
APPLES, EATING Imported (Non-EC): 27 samples analysed
azinphos-methyl <0.02 (i.e. not found) 20
(MRL = 0.5) 0.02 - 0.1 7
captan <0.05 (i.e. not found) 25
(MRL = 3) 0.05, 0.1 2
carbaryl <0.02 (i.e. not found) 26
(MRL = 0.05*) 0.08 1
carbendazim <0.02 (i.e. not found) 26
(MRL = 0.2) 0.2 1
diphenylamine <0.02 (i.e. not found) 13
(MRL = 5) 0.05 - 2.3 13
5.6 1
dithiocarbamates † <0.05 (i.e. not found) 6
(MRL = 3) 0.05 - 0.3 6
dodine <0.02 (i.e. not found) 23
(CAC MRL = 5) 0.02 - 0.1 4
indoxacarb <0.02 (i.e. not found) 26
(UK tMRL = 0.3) 0.03 1
iprodione <0.02 (i.e. not found) 24
(MRL = 5) 0.02 - 1.9 3
pirimicarb <0.02 (i.e. not found) 26
(CAC MRL = 1) 0.06 1
tebufenozide <0.02 (i.e. not found) 23
(CAC MRL = 1) 0.03 - 0.08 4
tebufenpyrad <0.02 (i.e. not found) 26
(No MRL) 0.03 1
thiabendazole <0.02 (i.e. not found) 23
(MRL = 5) 0.2 - 1.02 4
thiacloprid <0.02 (i.e. not found) 26
(UK tMRL = 0.5) 0.05 1
APPLES, EATING Imported (EC): 14 samples analysed
azinphos-methyl <0.02 (i.e. not found) 13
(MRL = 0.5) 0.02 1
boscalid <0.02 (i.e. not found) 13
(UK tMRL = 1) 0.05 1
66
Commodity/Pesticide Concentration range (mg/kg) Number of samples in range
captan <0.05 (i.e. not found) 12
(MRL = 3) 0.2, 0.3 2
carbendazim <0.02 (i.e. not found) 12
(MRL = 0.2) 0.1 2
chlorpyrifos <0.02 (i.e. not found) 13
(MRL = 0.5) 0.02 1
diphenylamine <0.02 (i.e. not found) 10
(MRL = 5) 0.04 - 4.8 4
indoxacarb <0.02 (i.e. not found) 13
(UK tMRL = 0.3) 0.03 1
iprodione <0.02 (i.e. not found) 13
(MRL = 5) 0.05 1
pirimicarb <0.02 (i.e. not found) 13
(CAC MRL = 1) 0.03 1
thiophanate-methyl <0.02 (i.e. not found) 13
(MRL = 0.5) 0.1 1
† Residue not sought in all samples
NOTE: * Indicates MRL is set to the Limit Of Detection.
Imported (EC) samples of apples were from Belgium (1), France (8), Italy (5).
Imported (Non-EC) samples of apples were from Chile (3), New Zealand (9), South Africa (13), USA (2).
UK samples of apples were (49).
Residues were distributed by country of origin, as follows:
azinphos-methyl Chile (2), France (1), South Africa (5)
boscalid Italy (1), UK (13)
bupirimate UK (2)
captan Belgium (1), France (1), New Zealand (2), UK (4)
carbaryl Chile (1)
carbendazim Chile (1), France (2), UK (2)
chlorpyrifos Italy (1), UK (11)
diflubenzuron UK (3)
dodine New Zealand (4), UK (3)
diphenylamine Chile (2), France (4), New Zealand (1), South Africa (11), UK (2)
dithiocarbamates New Zealand (1), South Africa (5), UK (3)
indoxacarb France (1), South Africa (1), UK (2)
iprodione France (1), South Africa (3)
myclobutanil UK (2)
pirimicarb France (1), South Africa (1)
pyraclostrobin UK (8)
tebufenozide New Zealand (4)
thiabendazole Chile (3), New Zealand (1)
tebufenpyrad South Africa (1)
thiacloprid Chile (1)
thiophanate-methyl France (1)
No residues were found in 16 of the 42 UK cooking samples
No residues were found in 1 of the 7 UK eating samples
No residues were found in 5 of the 27 Imported (Non-EC) eating samples
No residues were found in 4 of the 14 Imported (EC) eating samples
67
Table 4b. Residues detected in retail samples of APPLES purchased between August and November 2007 continued
Residues (1-5 compounds) were found in 64 of the 90 samples as follows:
No. of PRC Type of Residues found (mg/kg) Country of
residues Sample ID APPLES origin
AZM BOS BUP CAP CBY CBZ CPF DIF DOD DPA DTC IDX IPR MYC PIR PYC TBF TBZ TEBF THC TME
(1) 4016/2007 Cooking - - - - - - - - - - 0.06 - - - - - - - - - - UK
7841/2007 Cooking - - - - - - - 0.05 - - - - - - - - - - - - - UK
8273/2007 Cooking - - - - - - 0.02 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - UK
8293/2007 Cooking - 0.03 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - UK
8312/2007 Eating - - - - - - 0.07 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - UK
8313/2007 Cooking - - - - - - - - - - 0.1 - - - - - - - - - - UK
8331/2007 Cooking - - - - - - - - 0.04 - - - - - - - - - - - - UK
8428/2007 Cooking - - - - - - - - - - - 0.03 - - - - - - - - - UK
9652/2007 Cooking - 0.04 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - UK
9682/2007 Cooking - 0.03 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - UK
9754/2007 Cooking - - - - - - 0.1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - UK
9755/2007 Cooking - - - 0.07 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - UK
9801/2007 Cooking - - - - - - - - 0.03 - - - - - - - - - - - - UK
9843/2007 Cooking - - - - - 0.03 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - UK
9844/2007 Cooking - - - - - 0.1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - UK
9892/2007 Cooking - - - - - - 0.05 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - UK
7662/2007 Eating - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.06 - - - - New Zealand
7751/2007 Eating - - - - - - - - 0.06 - - - - - - - - - - - - New Zealand
7362/2007 Eating - - - - - - - - - 0.8 - - - - - - - - - - - South Africa
7602/2007 Eating - - - - - - - - - - 0.2 - - - - - - - - - - South Africa
7632/2007 Eating - - - - - - - - - 0.06 - - - - - - - - - - - South Africa
9541/2007 Eating - - - - - - - - - 0.9 - - - - - - - - - - - South Africa
9583/2007 Eating - - - - - - - - - 0.8 - - - - - - - - - - - South Africa
4041/2007 Eating - - - 0.3 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Belgium
6370/2007 Eating - - - - - 0.1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - France
8170/2007 Eating - - - - - - - - - 0.2 - - - - - - - - - - - France
9542/2007 Eating 0.02 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - France
68
No. of PRC Type of Residues found (mg/kg) Country of
residues Sample ID APPLES origin
AZM BOS BUP CAP CBY CBZ CPF DIF DOD DPA DTC IDX IPR MYC PIR PYC TBF TBZ TEBF THC TME
9568/2007 Eating - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.03 - - - - - - France
8147/2007 Eating - 0.05 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Italy
9771/2007 Eating - - - - - - 0.02 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Italy
(2) 6547/2007 Cooking - - - - - - 0.03 - - 0.9 - - - - - - - - - - - UK
7781/2007 Cooking - 0.03 - - - - 0.08 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - UK
7866/2007 Cooking - - - 0.2 - - - 0.04 - - - - - - - - - - - - - UK
8169/2007 Cooking - - - - - - 0.02 - 0.04 - - - - - - - - - - - - UK
8232/2007 Eating - 0.1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.06 - - - - - UK
8235/2007 Cooking - - - - - - - - - 0.06 0.07 - - - - - - - - - - UK
9636/2007 Eating - 0.2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.1 - - - - - UK
9711/2007 Eating - - - - - - 0.04 - - - - - - 0.04 - - - - - - - UK
9712/2007 Cooking - 0.03 - - - - - 0.03 - - - - - - - - - - - - - UK
9713/2007 Cooking - 0.03 - - - - 0.03 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - UK
9951/2007 Cooking - - - - - - 0.04 - - - - - - - - 0.02 - - - - - UK
7060/2007 Eating 0.02 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.4 - - - Chile
9602/2007 Eating - - - - - - - - 0.1 - - - - - - - 0.08 - - - - New Zealand
9681/2007 Eating - - - - - - - - 0.03 - - - - - - - 0.03 - - - - New Zealand
7361/2007 Eating 0.05 - - - - - - - - 0.4 - - - - - - - - - - - South Africa
7661/2007 Eating - - - - - - - - - 0.05 - - 1.9 - - - - - - - - South Africa
8171/2007 Eating - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.06 - - - 0.03 - - South Africa
4017/2007 Eating - - - - - - - - - 0.2 - - 0.05 - - - - - - - - France
8272/2007 Eating - - - - - - - - - 4.8 - 0.03 - - - - - - - - - France
(3) 8145/2007 Cooking - 0.09 0.02 - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.05 - - - - - UK
8292/2007 Eating - 0.2 - 0.09 - - - - - - - - - - - 0.1 - - - - - UK
9772/2007 Cooking - 0.06 - 0.07 - - - - - - - - - - - 0.03 - - - - - UK
7631/2007 Eating - - - - - - - - - 5.6 - - - - - - - 1.02 - 0.05 - Chile
9601/2007 Eating - - - 0.1 - - - - - - 0.05 - - - - - 0.06 - - - - New Zealand
4042/2007 Eating - - - - - - - - - 0.07 0.3 0.03 - - - - - - - - - South Africa
7752/2007 Eating 0.04 - - - - - - - - 0.8 0.07 - - - - - - - - - - South Africa
69
No. of PRC Type of Residues found (mg/kg) Country of
residues Sample ID APPLES origin
AZM BOS BUP CAP CBY CBZ CPF DIF DOD DPA DTC IDX IPR MYC PIR PYC TBF TBZ TEBF THC TME
9522/2007 Eating 0.02 - - - - - - - - 0.3 - - 0.5 - - - - - - - - South Africa
9651/2007 Eating 0.1 - - - - - - - - 0.5 0.08 - - - - - - - - - - South Africa
(4) 9773/2007 Cooking - 0.08 - - - - 0.1 - - - - - - 0.04 - 0.05 - - - - - UK
9984/2007 Eating - 0.06 0.04 - - - - - - - - 0.03 - - - 0.03 - - - - - UK
7601/2007 Eating - - - 0.05 - - - - 0.02 0.8 - - - - - - - 0.2 - - - New Zealand
9521/2007 Eating 0.03 - - - - - - - - 2.3 0.1 - 0.02 - - - - - - - - South Africa
8330/2007 Eating - - - 0.2 - 0.1 - - - 0.04 - - - - - - - - - - 0.1 France
(5) 9502/2007 Eating 0.03 - - - 0.08 0.2 - - - 2.1 - - - - - - - 0.5 - - - Chile
The abbreviations used for the pesticide names are as follows:
AZM azinphos-methyl BOS boscalid BUP bupirimate
CAP captan CBY carbaryl CBZ carbendazim
CPF chlorpyrifos DIF diflubenzuron DOD dodine
DPA diphenylamine DTC dithiocarbamates IDX indoxacarb
IPR iprodione MYC myclobutanil PIR pirimicarb
PYC pyraclostrobin TBF tebufenozide TBZ thiabendazole
TEBF tebufenpyrad THC thiacloprid TME thiophanate-methyl
70
Table 4c. Residues detected in retail samples of APPLES purchased between August
and November 2007 continued
The following pesticide(s) were actively sought but not found at or above their reporting limits (in parentheses in
mg/kg):
2-phenylphenol (0.02) fenazaquin (0.02) phorate (0.02)
acephate (0.02) fenbuconazole (0.02) phosalone (0.02)
acetamiprid (0.02) fenhexamid (0.02) phosmet (0.02)
acrinathrin (0.05) fenitrothion (0.02) phosphamidon (0.02)
aldicarb (0.02) fenoxycarb (0.02) picoxystrobin (0.02)
aldrin (0.02) fenpropathrin (0.02) pirimiphos-ethyl (0.02)
atrazine (0.02) fenpropimorph (0.02) pirimiphos-methyl (0.02)
azoxystrobin (0.02) fenpyroximate (0.02) prochloraz (0.02)
benalaxyl (0.02) fenthion (0.02) procymidone (0.02)
bendiocarb (0.02) fenvalerate (0.02) profenofos (0.02)
bifenthrin (0.02) fipronil (0.02) propamocarb (0.02)
biphenyl (0.02) fludioxonil (0.02) propargite (0.02)
bitertanol (0.02) flufenacet (0.02) propham (0.02)
bromopropylate (0.02) flusilazole (0.02) propiconazole (0.02)
buprofezin (0.02) folpet (0.05) propoxur (0.02)
cadusafos (0.02) fonofos (0.02) propyzamide (0.02)
carbofuran (0.01) formothion (0.02) prothiofos (0.02)
carbosulfan (0.01) fosthiazate (0.02) pymetrozine (0.02)
chlorfenvinphos (0.02) furalaxyl (0.02) pyrazophos (0.02)
chlorobenzilate (0.02) furathiocarb (0.02) pyrethrins (0.02)
chlorothalonil (0.01) heptenophos (0.02) pyridaben (0.02)
chlorotoluron (0.02) hexaconazole (0.02) pyridaphenthion (0.02)
chlorpropham (0.02) hexythiazox (0.02) pyrifenox (0.02)
chlorpyrifos-methyl (0.02) imazalil (0.02) pyrimethanil (0.02)
chlorthal-dimethyl (0.02) imidacloprid (0.02) pyriproxifen (0.02)
chlozolinate (0.02) iprovalicarb (0.02) quassia (0.02)
cyfluthrin (0.05) isazophos (0.02) quinalphos (0.02)
cymoxanil (0.02) isocarbophos (0.02) quinoxyfen (0.02)
cypermethrin (0.05) isofenphos (0.02) quintozene (0.02)
cyproconazole (0.02) isofenphos-methyl (0.02) rotenone (0.02)
cyprodinil (0.02) kresoxim-methyl (0.02) simazine (0.02)
DDT (0.02) lambda-cyhalothrin (0.02) spinosad (0.02)
deltamethrin (0.05) lindane (0.02) spiroxamine (0.02)
diazinon (0.02) malathion (0.02) tau-fluvalinate (0.02)
dichlofluanid (0.02) mecarbam (0.02) tebuconazole (0.02)
dichlorvos (0.02) mepanipyrim (0.02) tecnazene (0.02)
dicloran (0.02) metalaxyl (0.02) tefluthrin (0.02)
dicofol (0.05) methacrifos (0.02) tetrachlorvinphos (0.02)
dicrotophos (0.02) methamidophos (0.01) tetradifon (0.02)
dieldrin (0.02) methidathion (0.02) tetramethrin (0.02)
diethofencarb (0.02) methiocarb (0.02) tetreconazole (0.02)
difenoconazole (0.02) methomyl (0.02) thiamethoxam (0.02)
dimethoate (0.02) metolcarb (0.02) thiodicarb (0.02)
dimethomorph (0.02) mevinphos (0.02) tolclofos-methyl (0.02)
dimoxystrobin (0.02) monocrotophos (0.02) tolylfluanid (0.02)
disulfoton (0.02) omethoate (0.02) triadimefon (0.02)
diuron (0.02) oxadixyl (0.02) triadimenol (0.02)
endosulfan (0.02) oxamyl (0.02) triazamate (0.02)
EPN (0.02) oxydemeton-methyl (0.02) triazophos (0.02)
epoxiconazole (0.02) paclobutrazol (0.02) trifloxystrobin (0.02)
ethiofencarb (0.02) parathion (0.02) trifluralin (0.02)
ethion (0.02) parathion-methyl (0.02) vinclozolin (0.02)
ethofumesate (0.02) penconazole (0.02) zoxamide (0.02)
ethoprophos (0.02) pencycuron (0.02)
etrimfos (0.02) pendimethalin (0.02)
famoxadone (0.02) permethrin (0.02)
fenarimol (0.02) phenthoate (0.02)
71
Table 5a. Residues detected in retail samples of BREAD purchased between October
and November 2007
Commodity/Pesticide Concentration range (mg/kg) Number of samples in range
BREAD, ORDINARY BREAD: BROWN & OTHER UK: 16 samples analysed
chlormequat <0.05 (i.e. not found) 1
(No MRL) 0.05 - 0.2 15
glyphosate <0.1 (i.e. not found) 10
(No MRL) 0.1 6
pirimiphos-methyl <0.02 (i.e. not found) 14
(No MRL) 0.02, 0.02 2
BREAD, ORDINARY BREAD: WHITE UK: 33 samples analysed
chlormequat <0.05 (i.e. not found) 9
(No MRL) 0.05 - 0.1 24
glyphosate <0.1 (i.e. not found) 23
(No MRL) 0.1 - 0.2 10
pirimiphos-methyl <0.02 (i.e. not found) 32
(No MRL) 0.03 1
BREAD, ORDINARY BREAD: WHOLEMEAL UK: 24 samples analysed
chlormequat <0.05 (i.e. not found) 5
(No MRL) 0.06 - 0.2 19
glyphosate <0.1 (i.e. not found) 6
(No MRL) 0.1 - 0.3 18
BREAD, SPECIALITY BREAD: CHEESE BREAD UK: 15 samples analysed
chlormequat <0.05 (i.e. not found) 5
(No MRL) 0.05 - 0.1 10
pirimiphos-methyl <0.02 (i.e. not found) 10
(No MRL) 0.03 - 0.07 5
BREAD, SPECIALITY BREAD: GARLIC BREAD UK: 8 samples analysed
chlormequat <0.05 (i.e. not found) 0
(No MRL) 0.05 - 0.1 8
pirimiphos-methyl <0.02 (i.e. not found) 7
(No MRL) 0.03 1
BREAD, SPECIALITY BREAD: OLIVE BREAD UK: 2 samples analysed
chlormequat <0.05 (i.e. not found) 0
(No MRL) 0.05, 0.06 2
malathion <0.02 (i.e. not found) 1
(No MRL) 0.04 1
72
Commodity/Pesticide Concentration range (mg/kg) Number of samples in range
BREAD, SPECIALITY BREAD: ONION BREAD UK: 2 samples analysed
chlormequat <0.05 (i.e. not found) 0
(No MRL) 0.09, 0.1 2
BREAD, SPECIALITY BREAD: OTHER UK: 4 samples analysed
chlormequat <0.05 (i.e. not found) 3
(No MRL) 0.1 1
glyphosate <0.1 (i.e. not found) 3
(No MRL) 0.1 1
BREAD, SPECIALITY BREAD: TOMATO BREAD UK: 3 samples analysed
chlormequat <0.05 (i.e. not found) 0
(No MRL) 0.05, 0.07, 0.2 3
BREAD, SPECIALITY BREAD: OLIVE BREAD Imported (Non-EC): 1 sample analysed
None found - 1
BREAD, ORDINARY BREAD: WHOLEMEAL Imported (EC): 1 sample analysed
chlormequat <0.05 (i.e. not found) 0
(No MRL) 0.1 1
glyphosate <0.1 (i.e. not found) 0
(No MRL) 0.1 1
Imported (EC) samples of bread were from Ireland (1).
Imported (Non-EC) samples of bread were from USA (1).
UK samples of bread (107).
Residues were distributed by country of origin, as follows:
chlormequat Ireland (1), UK (84)
glyphosate Ireland (1), UK (35)
malathion UK (1)
pirimiphos-methyl UK (9)
Residues were found in all of the 16 UK ordinary bread: brown & other samples
No residues were found in 2 of the 33 UK ordinary bread: white samples
No residues were found in 4 of the 24 UK ordinary bread: wholemeal samples
No residues were found in 2 of the 15 UK speciality bread: cheese bread samples
Residues were found in all of the 8 UK speciality bread: garlic bread samples
Residues were found in all of the 2 UK speciality bread: olive bread samples
Residues were found in all of the 2 UK speciality bread: onion bread samples
No residues were found in 2 of the 4 UK speciality bread: other samples
Residues were found in all of the 3 UK speciality bread: tomato bread samples
No residues were found in any of the Imported (Non-EC) speciality bread: olive bread samples
Residues were found in all of the 1 Imported (EC) ordinary bread: wholemeal samples
73
Table b. Residues detected in retail samples of BREAD purchased between October
and November 2007 continued
Residues (1-3 compounds) were found in 98 of the 109 samples as follows:
Number of PRC Sample Type of BREAD Residues found (mg/kg) Country of
residues ID origin
CLQ GLY MAL PIM
(1) 4434/2007 SPECIALITY BREAD: CHEESE BREAD 0.08 - - - UK
6970/2007 SPECIALITY BREAD: OLIVE BREAD 0.06 - - - UK
6971/2007 SPECIALITY BREAD: TOMATO BREAD 0.2 - - - UK
7964/2007 SPECIALITY BREAD: CHEESE BREAD 0.07 - - - UK
7965/2007 SPECIALITY BREAD: OTHER - 0.1 - - UK
7976/2007 SPECIALITY BREAD: TOMATO BREAD 0.07 - - - UK
7997/2007 ORDINARY BREAD: WHITE - 0.1 - - UK
8113/2007 ORDINARY BREAD: WHITE - - - 0.03 UK
8115/2007 SPECIALITY BREAD: GARLIC BREAD 0.07 - - - UK
8116/2007 SPECIALITY BREAD: GARLIC BREAD 0.05 - - - UK
8117/2007 SPECIALITY BREAD: CHEESE BREAD 0.08 - - - UK
8120/2007 SPECIALITY BREAD: GARLIC BREAD 0.09 - - - UK
8121/2007 SPECIALITY BREAD: GARLIC BREAD 0.06 - - - UK
8381/2007 SPECIALITY BREAD: CHEESE BREAD 0.09 - - - UK
8406/2007 SPECIALITY BREAD: GARLIC BREAD 0.1 - - - UK
8407/2007 SPECIALITY BREAD: GARLIC BREAD 0.08 - - - UK
8409/2007 SPECIALITY BREAD: ONION BREAD 0.09 - - - UK
8410/2007 SPECIALITY BREAD: GARLIC BREAD 0.07 - - - UK
8456/2007 SPECIALITY BREAD: OTHER 0.1 - - - UK
8458/2007 ORDINARY BREAD: BROWN & OTHER 0.09 - - - UK
8459/2007 SPECIALITY BREAD: CHEESE BREAD 0.05 - - - UK
8463/2007 SPECIALITY BREAD: TOMATO BREAD 0.05 - - - UK
8464/2007 SPECIALITY BREAD: ONION BREAD 0.1 - - - UK
8465/2007 SPECIALITY BREAD: CHEESE BREAD 0.08 - - - UK
8466/2007 SPECIALITY BREAD: CHEESE BREAD 0.06 - - - UK
8467/2007 SPECIALITY BREAD: CHEESE BREAD 0.06 - - - UK
9816/2007 ORDINARY BREAD: WHITE 0.1 - - - UK
9818/2007 ORDINARY BREAD: WHITE 0.1 - - - UK
9821/2007 ORDINARY BREAD: WHITE 0.1 - - - UK
9825/2007 ORDINARY BREAD: WHITE 0.08 - - - UK
9826/2007 ORDINARY BREAD: WHITE 0.1 - - - UK
9827/2007 ORDINARY BREAD: WHITE 0.07 - - - UK
9831/2007 ORDINARY BREAD: WHITE 0.08 - - - UK
9832/2007 ORDINARY BREAD: WHITE 0.08 - - - UK
9837/2007 ORDINARY BREAD: WHITE 0.09 - - - UK
9839/2007 ORDINARY BREAD: BROWN & OTHER 0.1 - - - UK
9840/2007 ORDINARY BREAD: BROWN & OTHER 0.08 - - - UK
9842/2007 ORDINARY BREAD: WHITE 0.06 - - - UK
9876/2007 ORDINARY BREAD: WHITE 0.07 - - - UK
9878/2007 ORDINARY BREAD: WHOLEMEAL 0.1 - - - UK
9882/2007 ORDINARY BREAD: WHITE 0.1 - - - UK
9886/2007 ORDINARY BREAD: WHITE - 0.2 - - UK
9909/2007 ORDINARY BREAD: WHITE 0.1 - - - UK
9910/2007 ORDINARY BREAD: WHITE 0.1 - - - UK
9911/2007 ORDINARY BREAD: BROWN & OTHER 0.1 - - - UK
9912/2007 ORDINARY BREAD: WHITE 0.08 - - - UK
9913/2007 ORDINARY BREAD: WHITE - 0.1 - - UK
9914/2007 ORDINARY BREAD: BROWN & OTHER 0.07 - - - UK
9915/2007 ORDINARY BREAD: WHITE - 0.1 - - UK
9917/2007 ORDINARY BREAD: BROWN & OTHER 0.07 - - - UK
9918/2007 ORDINARY BREAD: BROWN & OTHER 0.06 - - - UK
9941/2007 ORDINARY BREAD: WHITE 0.09 - - - UK
9942/2007 ORDINARY BREAD: WHITE - 0.2 - - UK
74
Number of PRC Sample Type of BREAD Residues found (mg/kg) Country of
residues ID origin
CLQ GLY MAL PIM
9945/2007 ORDINARY BREAD: BROWN & OTHER 0.1 - - - UK
9948/2007 ORDINARY BREAD: WHOLEMEAL - 0.3 - - UK
9949/2007 ORDINARY BREAD: WHITE 0.09 - - - UK
9970/2007 ORDINARY BREAD: WHITE 0.05 - - - UK
9971/2007 ORDINARY BREAD: BROWN & OTHER - 0.1 - - UK
9973/2007 ORDINARY BREAD: WHITE 0.08 - - - UK
9974/2007 ORDINARY BREAD: WHITE 0.07 - - - UK
9975/2007 ORDINARY BREAD: WHITE - 0.1 - - UK
9976/2007 ORDINARY BREAD: BROWN & OTHER 0.09 - - - UK
9977/2007 ORDINARY BREAD: WHOLEMEAL 0.2 - - - UK
9996/2007 SPECIALITY BREAD: CHEESE BREAD - - - 0.05 UK
9997/2007 SPECIALITY BREAD: CHEESE BREAD - - - 0.03 UK
9998/2007 SPECIALITY BREAD: CHEESE BREAD - - - 0.04 UK
(2) 8119/2007 SPECIALITY BREAD: CHEESE BREAD 0.1 - - 0.03 UK
8221/2007 SPECIALITY BREAD: CHEESE BREAD 0.06 - - 0.07 UK
8370/2007 SPECIALITY BREAD: GARLIC BREAD 0.1 - - 0.03 UK
8457/2007 SPECIALITY BREAD: OLIVE BREAD 0.05 - 0.04 - UK
9817/2007 ORDINARY BREAD: WHOLEMEAL 0.2 0.2 - - UK
9819/2007 ORDINARY BREAD: BROWN & OTHER 0.08 0.1 - - UK
9820/2007 ORDINARY BREAD: WHOLEMEAL 0.1 0.2 - - UK
9822/2007 ORDINARY BREAD: WHOLEMEAL 0.2 0.2 - - UK
9833/2007 ORDINARY BREAD: WHITE 0.08 0.2 - - UK
9835/2007 ORDINARY BREAD: WHITE 0.09 0.2 - - UK
9836/2007 ORDINARY BREAD: WHOLEMEAL 0.1 0.2 - - UK
9841/2007 ORDINARY BREAD: BROWN & OTHER 0.2 - - 0.02 UK
9877/2007 ORDINARY BREAD: WHOLEMEAL 0.09 0.1 - - UK
9879/2007 ORDINARY BREAD: WHITE 0.07 0.1 - - UK
9881/2007 ORDINARY BREAD: BROWN & OTHER 0.05 0.1 - - UK
9883/2007 ORDINARY BREAD: WHOLEMEAL 0.1 0.2 - - UK
9884/2007 ORDINARY BREAD: WHOLEMEAL 0.1 0.1 - - UK
9916/2007 ORDINARY BREAD: WHOLEMEAL 0.2 0.2 - - UK
9919/2007 ORDINARY BREAD: WHOLEMEAL 0.09 0.2 - - UK
9920/2007 ORDINARY BREAD: WHOLEMEAL 0.1 0.2 - - UK
9939/2007 ORDINARY BREAD: BROWN & OTHER 0.06 0.1 - - UK
9940/2007 ORDINARY BREAD: BROWN & OTHER 0.07 0.1 - - UK
9943/2007 ORDINARY BREAD: WHOLEMEAL 0.1 0.2 - - UK
9944/2007 ORDINARY BREAD: WHITE 0.1 0.1 - - UK
9946/2007 ORDINARY BREAD: WHOLEMEAL 0.2 0.2 - - UK
9947/2007 ORDINARY BREAD: WHOLEMEAL 0.06 0.3 - - UK
9966/2007 ORDINARY BREAD: WHOLEMEAL 0.1 0.2 - - UK
9967/2007 ORDINARY BREAD: WHOLEMEAL 0.07 0.2 - - UK
9968/2007 ORDINARY BREAD: WHOLEMEAL 0.07 0.2 - - UK
9972/2007 ORDINARY BREAD: WHOLEMEAL 0.1 0.2 - - UK
9834/2007 ORDINARY BREAD: WHOLEMEAL 0.1 0.1 - - Ireland
(3) 8473/2007 ORDINARY BREAD: BROWN & OTHER 0.1 0.1 - 0.02 UK
The abbreviations used for the pesticide names are as follows:
CLQ chlormequat GLY glyphosate MAL malathion
PIM pirimiphos-methyl
75
Table c. Residues detected in retail samples of BREAD purchased between October
and November 2007 continued
The following pesticide(s) were actively sought but not found at or above their reporting limits (in parentheses in
mg/kg):
azoxystrobin (0.02) diazinon (0.02) lindane (0.02)
bifenthrin (0.02) dichlorvos (0.02) mepiquat (0.05)
carbaryl (0.02) dimoxystrobin (0.02) methacrifos (0.02)
carbendazim (0.02) endosulfan (0.02) permethrin (0.02)
chlorpropham (0.02) etrimfos (0.02) phosphamidon (0.02)
chlorpyrifos (0.02) fenitrothion (0.02) picoxystrobin (0.02)
chlorpyrifos-methyl (0.02) fenvalerate (0.02) pyraclostrobin (0.02)
cypermethrin (0.02) iprodione (0.02) pyrimethanil (0.02)
deltamethrin (0.02) kresoxim-methyl (0.02) trifloxystrobin (0.02)
76
Table 6a. Residues detected in retail samples of CABBAGE purchased between July
and October 2007
Commodity/Pesticide Concentration range (mg/kg) Number of samples in range
CABBAGE, UK: 41 samples analysed
bifenthrin <0.02 (i.e. not found) 40
(MRL = 1) 0.06 1
boscalid <0.02 (i.e. not found) 40
(MRL = 1) 0.03 1
pirimicarb <0.02 (i.e. not found) 40
(No MRL) 0.2 1
tebuconazole <0.02 (i.e. not found) 40
(MRL = 0.8) 0.06 1
CABBAGE, Imported (EC): 7 samples analysed
None found - 7
Imported (EC) samples of cabbage were from France (1), Portugal (1), the Netherlands (5).
UK samples of cabbage (41).
Residues were distributed by country of origin, as follows:
bifenthrin UK (1)
boscalid UK (1)
pirimicarb UK (1)
tebuconazole UK (1)
No residues were found in 38 of the 41 UK samples
No residues were found in any of the Imported (EC) samples
Table 6b. Residues detected in retail samples of CABBAGE purchased between July
and October 2007 continued
Residues (1-2 compounds) were found in 3 of the 48 samples as follows:
Number of residues PRC Sample ID Residues found (mg/kg) Country of origin
BIF BOS PIR TBC
(1) 9607/2007 0.06 - - - UK
9893/2007 - 0.03 - - UK
(2) 9570/2007 - - 0.2 0.06 UK
The abbreviations used for the pesticide names are as follows:
BIF bifenthrin BOS boscalid PIR pirimicarb
TBC tebuconazole
77
Table 6c. Residues detected in retail samples of CABBAGE purchased between
July and October 2007 continued
The following pesticide(s) were actively sought but not found at or above their reporting limits (in
parentheses in mg/kg):
2-phenylphenol (0.02) disulfoton (0.02) methamidophos rotenone (0.02)
acephate (0.02) diuron (0.02) (0.01) simazine (0.02)
acetamiprid (0.02) endosulfan (0.02) methidathion (0.02) spinosad (0.02)
acrinathrin (0.05) EPN (0.02) methiocarb (0.02) spiroxamine (0.02)
aldicarb (0.02) epoxiconazole (0.02) methomyl (0.02) tau-fluvalinate (0.02)
aldrin (0.02) ethiofencarb (0.02) methoxychlor (0.02) tebufenozide (0.02)
atrazine (0.02) ethion (0.02) metolcarb (0.02) tebufenpyrad (0.02)
azinphos-methyl ethofumesate (0.02) mevinphos (0.02) tecnazene (0.02)
(0.02) ethoprophos (0.02) monocrotophos (0.02) tefluthrin (0.02)
azoxystrobin (0.02) etrimfos (0.02) myclobutanil (0.02) tetrachlorvinphos
benalaxyl (0.02) famoxadone (0.02) omethoate (0.02) (0.02)
bendiocarb (0.02) fenarimol (0.02) oxadixyl (0.02) tetradifon (0.02)
biphenyl (0.02) fenazaquin (0.02) oxamyl (0.02) tetramethrin (0.02)
bitertanol (0.02) fenbuconazole (0.02) oxydemeton-methyl tetreconazole (0.02)
bromopropylate (0.02) fenhexamid (0.02) (0.02) thiabendazole (0.02)
bromoxynil (0.02) fenitrothion (0.02) paclobutrazol (0.02) thiacloprid (0.02)
bupirimate (0.02) fenoxycarb (0.02) parathion (0.02) thiamethoxam (0.02)
buprofezin (0.02) fenpropathrin (0.02) parathion-methyl thiophanate-methyl
cadusafos (0.02) fenpropimorph (0.02) (0.02) (0.02)
captan (0.05) fenpyroximate (0.02) penconazole (0.02) tolclofos-methyl (0.02)
carbaryl (0.02) fenthion (0.02) pencycuron (0.02) tolylfluanid (0.02)
carbendazim (0.02) fenvalerate (0.02) pendimethalin (0.02) triadimefon (0.02)
carbofuran (0.01) fipronil (0.02) permethrin (0.02) triadimenol (0.02)
carbosulfan (0.01) fludioxonil (0.02) phenthoate (0.02) triazamate (0.02)
chlorfenvinphos (0.02) flufenacet (0.02) phorate (0.02) triazophos (0.02)
chlorobenzilate (0.02) flusilazole (0.02) phosalone (0.02) trifloxystrobin (0.02)
chlorotoluron (0.02) folpet (0.05) phosmet (0.02) trifluralin (0.02)
chlorpropham (0.02) fonofos (0.02) phosphamidon (0.02) vinclozolin (0.02)
chlorpyrifos (0.02) formothion (0.02) picoxystrobin (0.02) zoxamide (0.02)
chlorpyrifos-methyl fosthiazate (0.02) pirimiphos-ethyl (0.02)
(0.02) furalaxyl (0.02) pirimiphos-methyl
chlorthal-dimethyl furathiocarb (0.02) (0.02)
(0.02) heptenophos (0.02) prochloraz (0.02)
chlozolinate (0.02) hexaconazole (0.02) procymidone (0.02)
cyfluthrin (0.05) hexythiazox (0.02) profenofos (0.02)
cymoxanil (0.02) imazalil (0.02) propargite (0.02)
cypermethrin (0.05) imidacloprid (0.02) propham (0.02)
cyproconazole (0.02) indoxacarb (0.02) propiconazole (0.02)
cyprodinil (0.02) iprodione (0.02) propoxur (0.02)
DDT (0.02) iprovalicarb (0.02) propyzamide (0.02)
deltamethrin (0.05) isazophos (0.02) prothiofos (0.02)
diazinon (0.02) isocarbophos (0.02) pymetrozine (0.02)
dichlofluanid (0.02) isofenphos (0.02) pyraclostrobin (0.02)
dichlorvos (0.02) isofenphos-methyl pyrazophos (0.02)
dicloran (0.02) (0.02) pyrethrins (0.02)
dicofol (0.05) kresoxim-methyl pyridaben (0.02)
dicrotophos (0.02) (0.02) pyridaphenthion
dieldrin (0.02) lambda-cyhalothrin (0.02)
diethofencarb (0.02) (0.02) pyrifenox (0.02)
difenoconazole (0.02) lindane (0.02) pyrimethanil (0.02)
diflubenzuron (0.02) malathion (0.02) pyriproxifen (0.02)
dimethoate (0.02) mecarbam (0.02) quassia (0.02)
dimethomorph (0.02) mepanipyrim (0.02) quinalphos (0.02)
dimoxystrobin (0.02) metalaxyl (0.02) quinoxyfen (0.02)
diphenylamine (0.02) methacrifos (0.02) quintozene (0.02)
78
Table 7a. Residues detected in retail samples of CELERY purchased between
July and October 2007
Commodity/Pesticide Concentration range (mg/kg) Number of samples in range
CELERY, UK: 47 samples analysed
azoxystrobin <0.02 (i.e. not found) 46
(MRL = 5) 0.02 1
chlorothalonil <0.01 (i.e. not found) 44
(MRL = 10) 0.02, 0.03, 0.06 3
chlorpropham <0.02 (i.e. not found) 46
(MRL = 0.05*) 0.2 1
difenoconazole <0.02 (i.e. not found) 46
(No MRL) 0.03 1
CELERY, Imported (Non-EC): 1 sample analysed
None found - 1
CELERY, Imported (EC): 1 sample analysed
None found - 1
NOTE: * Indicates MRL is set to the Limit Of Detection.
Imported (EC) samples of celery were from Spain (1).
Imported (Non-EC) samples of celery were from USA (1).
UK samples of celery were (47).
Residues were distributed by country of origin, as follows:
azoxystrobin UK (1)
chlorothalonil UK (3)
chlorpropham UK (1)
difenoconazole UK (1)
No residues were found in 42 of the 47 UK samples
No residues were found in any of the Imported (Non-EC) samples
No residues were found in any of the Imported (EC) samples
79
Table 7b. Residues detected in retail samples of CELERY purchased between
July and October 2007 continued
Residues (1-2 compounds) were found in 5 of the 49 samples as follows:
Number of residues PRC Sample ID Residues found (mg/kg) Country of origin
AZOX CLN CPP DIFC
(1) 7694/2007 - 0.02 - - UK
8768/2007 - - - 0.03 UK
9845/2007 0.02 - - - UK
9954/2007 - 0.06 - - UK
(2) 9504/2007 - 0.03 0.2 - UK
The abbreviations used for the pesticide names are as follows:
AZOX azoxystrobin CLN chlorothalonil CPP chlorpropham
DIFC difenoconazole
80
Table 7c. Residues detected in retail samples of CELERY purchased between
July and October 2007 continued
The following pesticide(s) were actively sought but not found at or above their reporting limits (in
parentheses in mg/kg):
2-phenylphenol (0.02) dodine (0.02) methamidophos quinoxyfen (0.02)
acephate (0.02) endosulfan (0.02) (0.01) quintozene (0.02)
acetamiprid (0.02) EPN (0.02) methidathion (0.02) rotenone (0.02)
acrinathrin (0.05) epoxiconazole (0.02) methiocarb (0.02) simazine (0.02)
aldicarb (0.02) ethiofencarb (0.02) methomyl (0.02) spinosad (0.02)
aldrin (0.02) ethion (0.02) methoxychlor (0.02) spiroxamine (0.02)
atrazine (0.02) ethofumesate (0.02) metolcarb (0.02) tau-fluvalinate (0.02)
azinphos-methyl ethoprophos (0.02) mevinphos (0.02) tebuconazole (0.02)
(0.02) etrimfos (0.02) monocrotophos (0.02) tebufenozide (0.02)
benalaxyl (0.02) famoxadone (0.02) myclobutanil (0.02) tebufenpyrad (0.02)
bendiocarb (0.02) fenarimol (0.02) omethoate (0.02) tecnazene (0.02)
bifenthrin (0.02) fenazaquin (0.02) oxadixyl (0.02) tefluthrin (0.02)
biphenyl (0.02) fenbuconazole (0.02) oxamyl (0.02) tetrachlorvinphos
bitertanol (0.02) fenhexamid (0.02) oxydemeton-methyl (0.02)
boscalid (0.02) fenitrothion (0.02) (0.02) tetradifon (0.02)
bromopropylate (0.02) fenoxycarb (0.02) paclobutrazol (0.02) tetramethrin (0.02)
bupirimate (0.02) fenpropathrin (0.02) parathion (0.02) tetreconazole (0.02)
buprofezin (0.02) fenpropimorph (0.02) parathion-methyl thiabendazole (0.02)
cadusafos (0.02) fenpyroximate (0.02) (0.02) thiacloprid (0.02)
captan (0.05) fenthion (0.02) penconazole (0.02) thiamethoxam (0.02)
carbaryl (0.02) fenvalerate (0.02) pencycuron (0.02) thiodicarb (0.02)
carbendazim (0.02) fipronil (0.02) pendimethalin (0.02) thiophanate-methyl
carbofuran (0.01) fludioxonil (0.02) permethrin (0.02) (0.02)
carbosulfan (0.01) flufenacet (0.02) phenthoate (0.02) tolclofos-methyl (0.02)
chlorfenvinphos (0.02) flusilazole (0.02) phorate (0.02) tolylfluanid (0.02)
chlorobenzilate (0.02) folpet (0.05) phosalone (0.02) triadimefon (0.02)
chlorotoluron (0.02) fonofos (0.02) phosmet (0.02) triadimenol (0.02)
chlorpyrifos (0.02) formothion (0.02) phosphamidon (0.02) triazamate (0.02)
chlorpyrifos-methyl fosthiazate (0.02) picoxystrobin (0.02) triazophos (0.02)
(0.02) furalaxyl (0.02) pirimicarb (0.02) trifloxystrobin (0.02)
chlorthal-dimethyl furathiocarb (0.02) pirimiphos-ethyl (0.02) trifluralin (0.02)
(0.02) heptenophos (0.02) pirimiphos-methyl vinclozolin (0.02)
chlozolinate (0.02) hexaconazole (0.02) (0.02) zoxamide (0.02)
cyfluthrin (0.05) hexythiazox (0.02) prochloraz (0.02)
cymoxanil (0.02) imazalil (0.02) procymidone (0.02)
cypermethrin (0.05) imidacloprid (0.02) profenofos (0.02)
cyproconazole (0.02) indoxacarb (0.02) propamocarb (0.02)
cyprodinil (0.02) iprodione (0.02) propargite (0.02)
DDT (0.02) iprovalicarb (0.02) propham (0.02)
deltamethrin (0.05) isazophos (0.02) propiconazole (0.02)
diazinon (0.02) isocarbophos (0.02) propoxur (0.02)
dichlofluanid (0.02) isofenphos (0.02) propyzamide (0.02)
dichlorvos (0.02) isofenphos-methyl prothiofos (0.02)
dicloran (0.02) (0.02) pymetrozine (0.02)
dicofol (0.05) kresoxim-methyl pyraclostrobin (0.02)
dicrotophos (0.02) (0.02) pyrazophos (0.02)
dieldrin (0.02) lambda-cyhalothrin pyrethrins (0.02)
diethofencarb (0.02) (0.02) pyridaben (0.02)
diflubenzuron (0.02) lindane (0.02) pyridaphenthion
dimethoate (0.02) malathion (0.02) (0.02)
dimethomorph (0.02) mecarbam (0.02) pyrifenox (0.02)
dimoxystrobin (0.02) mepanipyrim (0.02) pyrimethanil (0.02)
diphenylamine (0.02) metalaxyl (0.02) pyriproxifen (0.02)
disulfoton (0.02) methacrifos (0.02) quassia (0.02)
diuron (0.02) quinalphos (0.02)
81
Table 8a. Residues detected in retail samples of CIDER AND PERRY purchased
between October and November 2007
Commodity/Pesticide Concentration range (mg/kg) Number of samples in range
CIDER AND PERRY, CIDER UK: 30 samples analysed
None found - 30
CIDER AND PERRY, PERRY UK: 10 samples analysed
None found - 10
CIDER AND PERRY, CIDER Imported (Non-EC): 2 samples analysed
None found - 2
CIDER AND PERRY, CIDER Imported (EC): 4 samples analysed
None found - 4
CIDER AND PERRY, PERRY Imported (EC): 2 samples analysed
None found - 2
Imported (EC) samples of cider and perry were from France (2), Ireland (2), Sweden (2).
Imported (Non-EC) samples of cider and perry were from South Africa (2).
UK samples of cider and perry (40).
No residues were found in any of the UK cider samples
No residues were found in any of the UK perry samples
No residues were found in any of the Imported (Non-EC) cider samples
No residues were found in any of the Imported (EC) cider samples
No residues were found in any of the Imported (EC) perry samples
82
Table 8c. Residues detected in retail samples of CIDER AND PERRY purchased
between October and November 2007 continued
The following pesticide(s) were actively sought but not found at or above their reporting limits (in
parentheses in mg/kg):
dimethomorph (0.02) mecarbam (0.02) quinalphos (0.02)
2-phenylphenol (0.02) dimoxystrobin (0.02) mepanipyrim (0.02) quinoxyfen (0.02)
acephate (0.02) diphenylamine (0.02) metalaxyl (0.02) quintozene (0.02)
acetamiprid (0.02) disulfoton (0.02) methacrifos (0.02) rotenone (0.02)
acrinathrin (0.05) diuron (0.02) methamidophos simazine (0.02)
aldicarb (0.02) endosulfan (0.02) (0.01) spinosad (0.02)
aldrin (0.02) EPN (0.02) methidathion (0.02) spiroxamine (0.02)
atrazine (0.02) epoxiconazole (0.02) methiocarb (0.02) tau-fluvalinate (0.02)
azoxystrobin (0.02) ethiofencarb (0.02) methomyl (0.02) tebuconazole (0.02)
benalaxyl (0.02) ethion (0.02) methoxychlor (0.02) tebufenozide (0.02)
bendiocarb (0.02) ethofumesate (0.02) metolcarb (0.02) tebufenpyrad (0.02)
bifenthrin (0.02) ethoprophos (0.02) mevinphos (0.02) tecnazene (0.02)
biphenyl (0.02) etrimfos (0.02) monocrotophos (0.02) tefluthrin (0.02)
bitertanol (0.02) famoxadone (0.02) myclobutanil (0.02) tetrachlorvinphos
boscalid (0.02) fenarimol (0.02) omethoate (0.02) (0.02)
bromopropylate (0.02) fenazaquin (0.02) oxadixyl (0.02) tetradifon (0.02)
bromoxynil (0.02) fenbuconazole (0.02) oxamyl (0.02) tetramethrin (0.02)
bupirimate (0.02) fenhexamid (0.02) oxydemeton-methyl tetreconazole (0.02)
buprofezin (0.02) fenitrothion (0.02) (0.02) thiabendazole (0.02)
cadusafos (0.02) fenoxycarb (0.02) paclobutrazol (0.02) thiacloprid (0.02)
captan (0.05) fenpropathrin (0.02) parathion (0.02) thiamethoxam (0.02)
carbaryl (0.02) fenpropimorph (0.02) parathion-methyl thiodicarb (0.02)
carbendazim (0.02) fenpyroximate (0.02) (0.02) tolclofos-methyl (0.02)
carbofuran (0.01) fenthion (0.02) penconazole (0.02) tolylfluanid (0.02)
chlorfenvinphos (0.02) fenvalerate (0.02) pencycuron (0.02) triadimefon (0.02)
chlorobenzilate (0.02) fipronil (0.02) pendimethalin (0.02) triadimenol (0.02)
chlorothalonil (0.01) fludioxonil (0.02) permethrin (0.02) triazophos (0.02)
chlorotoluron (0.02) flufenacet (0.02) phenthoate (0.02) trifloxystrobin (0.02)
chlorpropham (0.02) flusilazole (0.02) phorate (0.02) trifluralin (0.02)
chlorpyrifos (0.02) folpet (0.05) phosalone (0.02) vinclozolin (0.02)
chlorpyrifos-methyl fonofos (0.05) phosmet (0.02) zoxamide (0.02)
(0.02) formothion (0.02) phosphamidon (0.02)
chlorthal-dimethyl fosthiazate (0.02) picoxystrobin (0.02)
(0.02) furalaxyl (0.02) pirimicarb (0.02)
chlozolinate (0.02) furathiocarb (0.02) pirimiphos-ethyl (0.02)
cyfluthrin (0.05) heptenophos (0.02) pirimiphos-methyl
cymoxanil (0.02) hexaconazole (0.02) (0.02)
cypermethrin (0.05) hexythiazox (0.02) prochloraz (0.02)
cyproconazole (0.02) imazalil (0.02) procymidone (0.02)
cyprodinil (0.02) imidacloprid (0.02) profenofos (0.02)
DDT (0.02) indoxacarb (0.02) propargite (0.02)
deltamethrin (0.05) iprodione (0.02) propham (0.02)
demeton-S-methyl iprovalicarb (0.02) propiconazole (0.02)
sulphone (0.02) isazophos (0.02) propoxur (0.02)
diazinon (0.02) isocarbophos (0.02) propyzamide (0.02)
dichlofluanid (0.02) isofenphos (0.02) prothiofos (0.02)
dichlorvos (0.02) isofenphos-methyl pyraclostrobin (0.02)
dicloran (0.02) (0.02) pyrazophos (0.02)
dicofol (0.05) kresoxim-methyl pyrethrins (0.02)
dieldrin (0.02) (0.02) pyridaben (0.02)
diethofencarb (0.02) lambda-cyhalothrin pyrifenox (0.02)
difenoconazole (0.02) (0.02) pyrimethanil (0.02)
diflubenzuron (0.02) lindane (0.02) pyriproxifen (0.02)
dimethoate (0.02) malathion (0.02) quassia (0.02)
83
Table 9a. Residues detected in samples of GRAPES obtained between October
and December 2007
Commodity/Pesticide Concentration range (mg/kg) Number of samples in range
GRAPES, Imported (Non-EC): 39 samples analysed
acephate <0.02 (i.e. not found) 38
(MRL = 0.02*) 0.04 1
azoxystrobin <0.02 (i.e. not found) 36
(MRL = 2) 0.03. 0.06, 0.07 3
boscalid <0.02 (i.e. not found) 32
(No MRL) 0.06 - 0.1 7
carbofuran <0.01 (i.e. not found) 38
(MRL = 0.02*) 0.05 1
cyprodinil <0.02 (i.e. not found) 38
(MRL = 3) 0.02 1
difenoconazole <0.02 (i.e. not found) 38
(No MRL) 0.07 1
famoxadone <0.02 (i.e. not found) 35
(MRL = 2) 0.03 - 0.2 4
imidacloprid <0.02 (i.e. not found) 37
(CAC MRL = 1) 0.02, 0.03 2
iprodione <0.02 (i.e. not found) 31
(MRL = 10) 0.04 - 0.2 8
methamidophos <0.01 (i.e. not found) 38
(MRL = 0.01*) 0.03 1
methomyl <0.02 (i.e. not found) 38
(MRL = 0.05*) 0.05 1
myclobutanil <0.02 (i.e. not found) 37
(MRL = 1) 0.02, 0.05 2
procymidone <0.02 (i.e. not found) 37
(MRL = 5) 0.4, 0.5 2
pyraclostrobin <0.02 (i.e. not found) 35
(MRL = 1) 0.02 - 0.03 4
tetreconazole <0.02 (i.e. not found) 38
(No MRL) 0.02 1
zoxamide <0.02 (i.e. not found) 36
(MRL = 5) 0.04, 0.1, 0.2 3
84
Commodity/Pesticide Concentration range (mg/kg) Number of samples in range
GRAPES, Imported (EC): 26 samples analysed
azoxystrobin <0.02 (i.e. not found) 17
(MRL = 2) 0.03 - 0.2 9
bifenthrin <0.02 (i.e. not found) 24
(MRL = 0.2) 0.03, 0.04 2
boscalid <0.02 (i.e. not found) 25
(No MRL) 0.03 1
chlorpyrifos <0.02 (i.e. not found) 23
(MRL = 0.5) 0.02, 0.02, 0.3 3
cyprodinil <0.02 (i.e. not found) 16
(MRL = 3) 0.02 - 0.4 10
dimethomorph <0.02 (i.e. not found) 22
(No MRL) 0.02 - 0.06 4
dithiocarbamates † <0.05 (i.e. not found) 6
(MRL = 2) 0.07 1
famoxadone <0.02 (i.e. not found) 25
(MRL = 2) 0.03 1
fenhexamid <0.02 (i.e. not found) 22
(MRL = 5) 0.02 - 0.8 4
fenpyroximate <0.02 (i.e. not found) 25
(No MRL) 0.02 1
fludioxonil <0.02 (i.e. not found) 18
(MRL = 2) 0.03 - 0.3 8
imidacloprid <0.02 (i.e. not found) 25
(CAC MRL = 1) 0.04 1
indoxacarb <0.02 (i.e. not found) 23
(CAC MRL = 2) 0.02, 0.02, 0.04 3
iprodione <0.02 (i.e. not found) 22
(MRL = 10) 0.05 - 0.4 4
iprovalicarb <0.02 (i.e. not found) 25
(MRL = 2) 0.03 1
metalaxyl <0.02 (i.e. not found) 25
(MRL = 2) 0.03 1
myclobutanil <0.02 (i.e. not found) 24
(MRL = 1) 0.03, 0.04 2
penconazole <0.02 (i.e. not found) 25
(MRL = 0.2) 0.02 1
procymidone <0.02 (i.e. not found) 25
(MRL = 5) 0.02 1
85
Commodity/Pesticide Concentration range (mg/kg) Number of samples in range
propargite <0.02 (i.e. not found) 24
(CAC MRL = 7) 0.04, 0.08 2
pyrimethanil <0.02 (i.e. not found) 25
(No MRL) 0.04 1
quinoxyfen <0.02 (i.e. not found) 23
(MRL = 1) 0.02, 0.03, 0.07 3
spiroxamine <0.02 (i.e. not found) 23
(MRL = 1) 0.03, 0.05, 0.05 3
thiophanate-methyl <0.02 (i.e. not found) 25
(MRL = 0.1*) 0.02 1
† residue not sought in all samples
NOTE: * Indicates MRL is set to the Limit Of Detection.
Imported (EC) samples of grapes were from Greece (6), Italy (3), Spain (17).
Imported (Non-EC) samples of grapes were from Brazil (27), Namibia (1), South Africa (1), USA (10).
Residues were distributed by country of origin, as follows:
acephate Brazil (1)
azoxystrobin Brazil (3), Spain (9)
bifenthrin Greece (1), Italy (1)
boscalid Brazil (1), Spain (1), USA (6)
carbofuran Brazil (1)
chlorpyrifos Greece (3)
cyprodinil Italy (1), Spain (9), USA (1)
difenoconazole Brazil (1)
dimethomorph Italy (1), Spain (3)
dithiocarbamates Spain (1)
famoxadone Brazil (4), Spain (1)
fludioxonil Italy (1), Spain (7)
fenhexamid Italy (1), Spain (3)
fenpyroximate Spain (1)
indoxacarb Spain (3)
imidacloprid Brazil (2), Spain (1)
iprodione Brazil (7), Greece (1), Spain (3), USA (1)
iprovalicarb Spain (1)
methamidophos Brazil (1)
methomyl USA (1)
metalaxyl Italy (1)
myclobutanil Greece (2), USA (2)
procymidone Namibia (1), South Africa (1), Spain (1)
propargite Greece (1), Spain (1)
penconazole Spain (1)
pyraclostrobin USA (4)
pyrimethanil Italy (1)
quinoxyfen Greece (1), Spain (2)
spiroxamine Greece (2), Spain (1)
thiophanate-methyl Spain (1)
tetreconazole Brazil (1)
zoxamide Brazil (3)
No residues were found in 16 of the 39 Imported (Non-EC) samples
No residues were found in 3 of the 26 Imported (EC) samples
86
Table 9b. Residues detected in samples of GRAPES obtained between October and December 2007 continued
Residues (1-7 compounds) were found in 46 of the 65 samples as follows:
Number of PRC Residues found (mg/kg) Country
residues Sample ID of origin
ACE
AZOX
BIF
BOS
CBF
CPF
CYD
DIFC
DMR
DTC
FAX
FLUD
FNHX
FNPY
IDX
IMI
IPR
IPV
MDP
METH
MTX
MYC
PCM
PGT
PNZ
PYC
PYM
QINO
SPI
TME
TTZ
ZOX
(1) 4159/2007 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.06 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Brazil
4224/2007 - - - - - - - 0.07 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Brazil
4225/2007 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.07 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Brazil
4265/2007 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.02 - Brazil
8236/2007 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Brazil
8390/2007 - - - - - - - - - - 0.03 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Brazil
4244/2007 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.4 - - - - - - - - - Namibia
4205/2007 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.5 - - - - - - - - - South
Africa
5494/2007 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.02 - - - - - - - - - - USA
7488/2007 - - - 0.08 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - USA
8274/2007 - - - - - - 0.02 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - USA
8275/2007 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.05 - - - - - - - - - - USA
8255/2007 - - - - - 0.02 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Greece
9956/2007 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.05 - - - Greece
4126/2007 - - 0.04 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Italy
4113/2007 - - - 0.03 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Spain
8225/2007 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.02 - - Spain
9805/2007 - - - - - - 0.04 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Spain
(2) 4245/2007 0.04 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.03 - - - - - - - - - - - - - Brazil
7749/2007 - - - - - - - - - - 0.1 - - - - - 0.2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Brazil
8352/2007 - - - 0.07 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.04 Brazil
4128/2007 - - - 0.1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.03 - - - - - - USA
7750/2007 - - - 0.1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.03 - - - - - - USA
8254/2007 - - - 0.06 - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.04 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - USA
8315/2007 - - - 0.08 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.02 - - - - - - USA
8332/2007 - - - - - 0.02 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.02 - - - - Greece
9806/2007 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.05 - - - - - - 0.04 - - - - - - - - Greece
9924/2007 - - - - - 0.3 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.03 - - - - - - - - - - Greece
5355/2007 - - - - - - 0.04 - - - - 0.03 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Spain
9925/2007 - 0.08 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.07 - - - - Spain
9955/2007 - - - - - - 0.02 - 0.06 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Spain
(3) 8388/2007 - 0.03 - - 0.05 - - - - - - - - - - - 0.09 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Brazil
7589/2007 - - - 0.07 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.05 - - - - - 0.02 - - - - - - USA
9846/2007 - - 0.03 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.04 - - - - - - 0.03 - - - Greece
5332/2007 - 0.2 - - - - - - - - - - 0.02 - - - - - - - - - 0.02 - - - - - - - - - Spain
8333/2007 - 0.1 - - - - 0.2 - - - - 0.1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Spain
87
Number of PRC Residues found (mg/kg) Country
residues Sample ID of origin
ACE
AZOX
BIF
BOS
CBF
CPF
CYD
DIFC
DMR
DTC
FAX
FLUD
FNHX
FNPY
IDX
IMI
IPR
IPV
MDP
METH
MTX
MYC
PCM
PGT
PNZ
PYC
PYM
QINO
SPI
TME
TTZ
ZOX
(4) 9894/2007 - 0.03 - - - - 0.1 - - - 0.03 0.06 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Spain
9897/2007 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.02 - 0.1 - - - - - - 0.08 - - - - 0.05 - - - Spain
(5) 5493/2007 - 0.06 - - - - - - - - 0.2 - - - - 0.03 0.2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.1 Brazil
8353/2007 - 0.07 - - - - - - - - 0.1 - - - - 0.02 0.1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.2 Brazil
4158/2007 - 0.03 - - - - 0.3 - - - - 0.2 - - - - 0.4 0.03 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Spain
8237/2007 - 0.07 - - - - 0.2 - 0.06 - - 0.06 - - 0.04 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Spain
8295/2007 - 0.1 - - - - 0.4 - - - - 0.3 0.3 0.02 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Spain
9847/2007 - 0.1 - - - - 0.1 - 0.05 - - 0.08 - - 0.02 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Spain
(6) 6993/2007 - - - - - - 0.1 - 0.02 - - 0.06 0.8 - - - - - - - 0.03 - - - - - 0.04 - - - - - Italy
(7) 8389/2007 - 0.1 - - - - - - - 0.07 - - 0.2 - - 0.04 0.08 - - - - - - - 0.02 - - 0.03 - - - - Spain
The abbreviations used for the pesticide names are as follows:
ACE acephate AZOX azoxystrobin BIF bifenthrin BOS boscalid CBF carbofuran
CPF chlorpyrifos CYD cyprodinil DIFC difenoconazole DMR dimethomorph DTC dithiocarbamates
FAX famoxadone FLUD fludioxonil FNHX fenhexamid FNPY fenpyroximate IDX indoxacarb
IMI imidacloprid IPR iprodione IPV iprovalicarb MDP methamidophos METH methomyl
MTX metalaxyl MYC myclobutanil PCM procymidone PGT propargite PNZ penconazole
PYC pyraclostrobin PYM pyrimethanil QINO quinoxyfen SPI spiroxamine TME thiophanate-methyl
TTZ tetreconazole ZOX zoxamide
88
Table 9c. Residues detected in samples of GRAPES obtained between October and
December 2007 continued
The following pesticide(s) were actively sought but not found at or above their reporting limits (in parentheses in
mg/kg):
2-phenylphenol (0.02) ethofumesate (0.02) phenthoate (0.02)
acetamiprid (0.02) ethoprophos (0.02) phorate (0.02)
acrinathrin (0.05) etrimfos (0.02) phosalone (0.02)
aldicarb (0.02) fenarimol (0.02) phosmet (0.02)
aldrin (0.02) fenazaquin (0.02) phosphamidon (0.02)
atrazine (0.02) fenbuconazole (0.02) picoxystrobin (0.02)
azinphos-methyl (0.02) fenitrothion (0.02) pirimicarb (0.02)
benalaxyl (0.02) fenoxycarb (0.02) pirimiphos-ethyl (0.02)
bendiocarb (0.02) fenpropathrin (0.02) pirimiphos-methyl (0.02)
biphenyl (0.02) fenpropimorph (0.02) prochloraz (0.02)
bitertanol (0.02) fenthion (0.02) profenofos (0.02)
bromopropylate (0.02) fenvalerate (0.02) propamocarb (0.02)
bupirimate (0.02) fipronil (0.02) propham (0.02)
buprofezin (0.02) flufenacet (0.02) propiconazole (0.02)
cadusafos (0.02) flusilazole (0.02) propoxur (0.02)
captan (0.05) folpet (0.05) propyzamide (0.02)
carbaryl (0.02) fonofos (0.02) prothiofos (0.02)
carbendazim (0.02) formothion (0.02) pymetrozine (0.02)
carbosulfan (0.01) fosthiazate (0.02) pyrazophos (0.02)
chlorfenvinphos (0.02) furalaxyl (0.02) pyrethrins (0.02)
chlorobenzilate (0.02) furathiocarb (0.02) pyridaben (0.02)
chlorothalonil (0.01) heptenophos (0.02) pyridaphenthion (0.02)
chlorotoluron (0.02) hexaconazole (0.02) pyrifenox (0.02)
chlorpropham (0.02) hexythiazox (0.02) pyriproxifen (0.02)
chlorpyrifos-methyl (0.02) imazalil (0.02) quassia (0.02)
chlorthal-dimethyl (0.02) isazophos (0.02) quinalphos (0.02)
chlozolinate (0.02) isocarbophos (0.02) quintozene (0.02)
cyfluthrin (0.05) isofenphos (0.02) rotenone (0.02)
cymoxanil (0.02) isofenphos-methyl (0.02) simazine (0.02)
cypermethrin (0.05) kresoxim-methyl (0.02) spinosad (0.02)
cyproconazole (0.02) lambda-cyhalothrin (0.02) tau-fluvalinate (0.02)
DDT (0.02) lindane (0.02) tebuconazole (0.02)
deltamethrin (0.05) malathion (0.02) tebufenozide (0.02)
diazinon (0.02) mecarbam (0.02) tebufenpyrad (0.02)
dichlofluanid (0.02) mepanipyrim (0.02) tecnazene (0.02)
dichlorvos (0.02) methacrifos (0.02) tefluthrin (0.02)
dicloran (0.02) methidathion (0.02) tetrachlorvinphos (0.02)
dicofol (0.05) methiocarb (0.02) tetradifon (0.02)
dicrotophos (0.02) methoxychlor (0.02) tetramethrin (0.02)
dieldrin (0.02) metolcarb (0.02) thiabendazole (0.02)
diethofencarb (0.02) mevinphos (0.02) thiacloprid (0.02)
diflubenzuron (0.02) monocrotophos (0.02) thiamethoxam (0.02)
dimethoate (0.02) omethoate (0.02) thiodicarb (0.02)
dimoxystrobin (0.02) oxadixyl (0.02) tolclofos-methyl (0.02)
diphenylamine (0.02) oxamyl (0.02) tolylfluanid (0.02)
disulfoton (0.02) oxydemeton-methyl (0.02) triadimefon (0.02)
diuron (0.02) paclobutrazol (0.02) triadimenol (0.02)
dodine (0.02) parathion (0.02) triazamate (0.02)
endosulfan (0.02) parathion-methyl (0.02) triazophos (0.02)
EPN (0.02) pencycuron (0.02) trifloxystrobin (0.02)
epoxiconazole (0.02) pendimethalin (0.02) trifluralin (0.02)
ethiofencarb (0.02) permethrin (0.02) vinclozolin (0.02)
ethion (0.02)
89
Table 10a. Residues detected in retail samples of HERBS purchased between April and
December 2007
Commodity/Pesticide Concentration range (mg/kg) Number of samples in range
HERBS, BASIL UK: 1 sample analysed
pirimicarb <0.02 (i.e. not found) 0
(No MRL) 0.03 1
HERBS, CORIANDER UK: 11 samples analysed
DDT <0.02 (i.e. not found) 10
(MRL = 0.05*) 0.02 1
deltamethrin <0.05 (i.e. not found) 10
(MRL = 0.5) 0.07 1
imidacloprid <0.02 (i.e. not found) 10
(No MRL) 0.04 1
HERBS, MINT UK: 1 sample analysed
pirimicarb <0.02 (i.e. not found) 0
(No MRL) 0.05 1
tebuconazole <0.02 (i.e. not found) 0
(No MRL) 0.04 1
HERBS, PARSLEY UK: 7 samples analysed
azoxystrobin <0.02 (i.e. not found) 4
(MRL = 3) 0.1 1
3.4, 4.5 2
chlorpropham <0.02 (i.e. not found) 4
(MRL = 0.05*) 0.03, 0.04 2
0.06 1
chlorthal-dimethyl <0.02 (i.e. not found) 5
(No MRL) 0.1, 0.3 2
cyprodinil <0.02 (i.e. not found) 5
(MRL = 10) 0.06, 0.2 2
deltamethrin <0.05 (i.e. not found) 1
(MRL = 0.5) 0.05 - 0.08 6
dithiocarbamates <0.05 (i.e. not found) 2
(MRL = 5) 0.2, 4.1 2
5.4 - 8.2 3
fludioxonil <0.02 (i.e. not found) 6
(No MRL) 0.06 1
lambda-cyhalothrin <0.02 (i.e. not found) 5
(MRL = 1) 0.04 2
pendimethalin <0.02 (i.e. not found) 6
(MRL = 0.05) 0.02 1
90
Commodity/Pesticide Concentration range (mg/kg) Number of samples in range
pirimicarb <0.02 (i.e. not found) 4
(CAC MRL = 1) 0.07 - 0.7 3
propamocarb <0.02 (i.e. not found) 2
(No MRL) 0.9 - 18 5
pymetrozine <0.02 (i.e. not found) 5
(MRL = 1) 0.1 2
tebuconazole <0.02 (i.e. not found) 4
(No MRL) 0.02 - 0.5 3
HERBS, BASIL Imported (Non-EC): 5 samples analysed
chlorothalonil <0.01 (i.e. not found) 4
(MRL = 5) 0.08 1
dichlorvos <0.02 (i.e. not found) 4
(MRL = 0.01*) 0.09 1
rotenone <0.02 (i.e. not found) 4
(No MRL) 0.05 1
thiophanate-methyl <0.02 (i.e. not found) 4
(MRL = 0.1*) 0.04 1
HERBS, CORIANDER Imported (Non-EC): 11 samples analysed
chlorothalonil <0.01 (i.e. not found) 8
(MRL = 5) 0.05, 0.1 2
43 1
pirimicarb <0.02 (i.e. not found) 10
(No MRL) 0.4 1
HERBS, PARSLEY Imported (Non-EC): 15 samples analysed
chlorothalonil <0.01 (i.e. not found) 11
(MRL = 5) 0.02 - 1.1 4
chlorpyrifos <0.02 (i.e. not found) 13
(MRL = 0.05*) 0.04 1
0.1 1
cypermethrin <0.05 (i.e. not found) 14
(MRL = 2) 0.1 1
dithiocarbamates <0.05 (i.e. not found) 9
(MRL = 5) 0.06 - 2.6 6
lambda-cyhalothrin <0.02 (i.e. not found) 14
(MRL = 1) 0.04 1
pendimethalin <0.02 (i.e. not found) 14
(MRL = 0.05) 0.04 1
pirimicarb <0.02 (i.e. not found) 14
(CAC MRL = 1) 0.6 1
triadimenol <0.02 (i.e. not found) 13
(MRL = 0.1*) 0.08, 0.1 2
91
Commodity/Pesticide Concentration range (mg/kg) Number of samples in range
HERBS, BASIL Imported (EC): 2 samples analysed
methomyl <0.02 (i.e. not found) 0
(MRL = 0.3) 0.06, 0.09 2
HERBS, CORIANDER Imported (EC): 13 samples analysed
chlorothalonil <0.01 (i.e. not found) 12
(MRL = 5) 0.03 1
dimethoate <0.02 (i.e. not found) 12
(MRL = 0.02*) 0.1 1
lambda-cyhalothrin <0.02 (i.e. not found) 12
(MRL = 1) 0.02 1
omethoate <0.02 (i.e. not found) 12
(MRL = 0.02*) 0.1 1
HERBS, PARSLEY Imported (EC): 6 samples analysed
chlorothalonil <0.01 (i.e. not found) 5
(MRL = 5) 5.2 1
chlorpyrifos <0.02 (i.e. not found) 5
(MRL = 0.05*) 0.05 1
cypermethrin <0.05 (i.e. not found) 3
(MRL = 2) 0.2 3
difenoconazole <0.02 (i.e. not found) 5
(No MRL) 0.07 1
dithiocarbamates <0.05 (i.e. not found) 3
(MRL = 5) 2.6 - 4.9 3
lambda-cyhalothrin <0.02 (i.e. not found) 5
(MRL = 1) 0.1 1
pirimicarb <0.02 (i.e. not found) 5
(CAC MRL = 1) 0.2 1
NOTE: * Indicates MRL is set to the Limit Of Detection.
Imported (EC) samples of herbs were from Cyprus (1), Spain (20).
Imported (Non-EC) samples of herbs were from Israel (14), Israeli-occupied Territories (1), Morocco (16).
UK samples of herbs (20).
Residues were distributed by country of origin, as follows:
azoxystrobin UK (3)
chlorthal-dimethyl UK (2)
chlorothalonil Israel (2), Israeli-occupied Territories (1), Morocco (5), Spain (2)
chlorpyrifos Morocco (2), Spain (1)
chlorpropham UK (3)
cyprodinil UK (2)
cypermethrin Morocco (1), Spain (3)
DDT UK (1)
deltamethrin UK (7)
92
difenoconazole Spain (1)
dimethoate Spain (1)
dithiocarbamates Israel (1), Morocco (5), Spain (3), UK (5)
dichlorvos Israeli-occupied Territories (1)
fludioxonil UK (1)
imidacloprid UK (1)
lambda-cyhalothrin Morocco (1), Spain (2), UK (2)
methomyl Spain (2)
omethoate Spain (1)
propamocarb UK (5)
pirimicarb Morocco (2), Spain (1), UK (5)
pendimethalin Morocco (1), UK (1)
pymetrozine UK (2)
rotenone Israeli-occupied Territories (1)
tebuconazole UK (4)
thiophanate-methyl Israel (1)
triadimenol Morocco (2)
Residues were found in the UK basil sample
No residues were found in 9 of the 11 UK coriander samples
Residues were found in the UK mint sample
Residues were found in all of the UK parsley samples
No residues were found in 3 of the 5 Imported (Non-EC) basil samples
No residues were found in 8 of the 11 Imported (Non-EC) coriander samples
No residues were found in 5 of the 15 Imported (Non-EC) parsley samples
Residues were found in both of the Imported (EC) basil samples
No residues were found in 10 of the 13 Imported (EC) coriander samples
No residues were found in 1 of the 6 Imported (EC) parsley samples
93
Table b. Residues detected in retail samples of HERBS purchased between April and December 2007 continued
Residues (1-10 compounds) were found in 36 of the 72 samples as follows:
Number of PRC Sample Type of Residues found (mg/kg) Country of origin
residues ID HERBS
METH
PYMT
AZOX
FLUD
DIFC
OME
TRIA
ROT
TME
CYD
PND
CPP
CYP
DDT
DTC
DVS
PCB
CHL
CLN
CPF
TBC
DEL
LCY
DIM
PIR
IMI
(1) 7191/2007 Coriander - - - - - - - - 0.07 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - UK
8610/2007 Basil - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.03 - - - - - - UK
4114/2007 Coriander - - 0.05 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Israel
6873/2007 Coriander - - 0.1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Israel
7249/2007 Parsley - - - - - - - - - - - 2.6 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Israel
8943/2007 Basil - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.04 - Israel
4187/2007 Parsley - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.1 Morocco
8535/2007 Parsley - - - - - - - - - - - 0.2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Morocco
9758/2007 Parsley - - - - - - 0.1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Morocco
4249/2007 Parsley - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.2 - - - - - - Spain
4323/2007 Coriander - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.02 - - - - - - - - - - Spain
7489/2007 Coriander - - 0.03 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Spain
8585/2007 Basil - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.09 - - - - - - - - - Spain
8687/2007 Basil - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.06 - - - - - - - - - Spain
(2) 4207/2007 Parsley - - - - - - - - 0.08 - - - - - - - - - - - 0.02 - - - - - UK
7583/2007 Parsley - - - - - - - - 0.07 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.02 - - UK
8586/2007 Mint - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.05 - - - 0.04 - - UK
8609/2007 Coriander - - - - - - - 0.02 - - - - - - 0.04 - - - - - - - - - - - UK
4136/2007 Parsley - - 0.07 - - - - - - - - 0.7 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Morocco
4137/2007 Coriander - - 43 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.4 - - - - - - Morocco
4148/2007 Parsley - - - 0.1 - - - - - - - 0.6 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Morocco
4248/2007 Parsley - - - - - - - - - - - 0.07 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.08 Morocco
7127/2007 Parsley - - 0.02 - - - - - - - - 0.06 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Morocco
4227/2007 Coriander - - - - - - - - - - 0.1 - - - - - - 0.1 - - - - - - - - Spain
7160/2007 Parsley - - - - - - 0.2 - - - - 4.7 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Spain
7280/2007 Parsley - - - - - - 0.2 - - - - 4.9 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Spain
7309/2007 Parsley - - - - - - 0.2 - - - - 2.6 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Spain
94
Number of PRC Sample Type of Residues found (mg/kg) Country of origin
residues ID HERBS
METH
PYMT
AZOX
FLUD
DIFC
OME
TRIA
ROT
TME
CYD
PND
CPP
CYP
DDT
DTC
DVS
PCB
CHL
CLN
CPF
TBC
DEL
LCY
DIM
PIR
IMI
(3) 4286/2007 Basil - - 0.08 - - - - - - - - - 0.09 - - - - - - - - - 0.05 - - - Israeli-occupied
Territories
4267/2007 Parsley - - 0.9 0.04 - - - - - - - - - - - 0.04 - - - - - - - - - - Morocco
8560/2007 Parsley - - 1.1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.6 0.04 - - - - - Morocco
(4) 8635/2007 Parsley - - - - 0.06 - - - - - - 0.2 - - - - - - 18 0.07 - - - - - - UK
4226/2007 Parsley - - 5.2 0.05 - - - - - 0.07 - - - - - 0.1 - - - - - - - - - - Spain
(5) 9689/2007 Parsley - - - - - - - - 0.06 - - 5.4 - - - 0.04 - - 0.9 - - - - 0.5 - - UK
(6) 9640/2007 Parsley 0.1 - - - - - - - 0.06 - - 4.1 - - - 0.04 - - 0.9 - - - - 0.5 - - UK
(9) 9800/2007 Parsley 4.5 0.3 - - 0.04 0.06 - - 0.05 - - 8.2 - - - - - - 1.5 0.7 - 0.1 - - - - UK
(10) 9658/2007 Parsley 3.4 0.1 - - 0.03 0.2 - - 0.06 - - 7.2 - 0.06 - - - - 1.4 0.7 - 0.1 - - - - UK
The abbreviations used for the pesticide names are as follows:
AZOX azoxystrobin CHL chlorthal-dimethyl CLN chlorothalonil
CPF chlorpyrifos CPP chlorpropham CYD cyprodinil
CYP cypermethrin DDT DDT DEL deltamethrin
DIFC difenoconazole DIM dimethoate DTC dithiocarbamates
DVS dichlorvos FLUD fludioxonil IMI imidacloprid
LCY lambda-cyhalothrin METH methomyl OME omethoate
PCB propamocarb PIR pirimicarb PND pendimethalin
PYMT pymetrozine ROT rotenone TBC tebuconazole
TME thiophanate-methyl TRIA triadimenol
95
Table c. Residues detected in retail samples of HERBS purchased between April and
December 2007 continued
The following pesticide(s) were actively sought but not found at or above their reporting limits (in parentheses in
mg/kg):
2-phenylphenol (0.02) fenhexamid (0.02) phorate (0.02)
acephate (0.02) fenitrothion (0.02) phosalone (0.02)
acetamiprid (0.02) fenoxycarb (0.02) phosmet (0.02)
acrinathrin (0.05) fenpropathrin (0.02) phosphamidon (0.02)
aldicarb (0.02) fenpropimorph (0.02) picoxystrobin (0.02)
aldrin (0.02) fenpyroximate (0.02) pirimiphos-ethyl (0.02)
atrazine (0.02) fenthion (0.02) pirimiphos-methyl (0.02)
azinphos-methyl (0.02) fenvalerate (0.02) prochloraz (0.02)
benalaxyl (0.02) fipronil (0.02) procymidone (0.02)
bendiocarb (0.02) flufenacet (0.02) profenofos (0.02)
bifenthrin (0.02) flusilazole (0.02) propargite (0.02)
biphenyl (0.02) folpet (0.05) propham (0.02)
bitertanol (0.02) fonofos (0.02) propiconazole (0.02)
boscalid (0.02) formothion (0.02) propoxur (0.02)
bromopropylate (0.02) fosthiazate (0.02) propyzamide (0.02)
bupirimate (0.02) furalaxyl (0.02) prothiofos (0.02)
buprofezin (0.02) furathiocarb (0.02) pyraclostrobin (0.02)
cadusafos (0.02) heptenophos (0.02) pyrazophos (0.02)
carbaryl (0.02) hexaconazole (0.02) pyrethrins (0.02)
carbendazim (0.02) hexythiazox (0.02) pyridaben (0.02)
carbofuran (0.01) imazalil (0.02) pyridaphenthion (0.02)
chlorfenvinphos (0.02) indoxacarb (0.02) pyrifenox (0.02)
chlorobenzilate (0.02) inorganic bromide (20) pyrimethanil (0.02)
chlorotoluron (0.02) iprodione (0.02) pyriproxifen (0.02)
chlorpyrifos-methyl (0.02) iprovalicarb (0.02) quassia (0.02)
chlozolinate (0.02) isazophos (0.02) quinalphos (0.02)
cyfluthrin (0.05) isocarbophos (0.02) quinoxyfen (0.02)
cymoxanil (0.02) isofenphos (0.02) quintozene (0.02)
cyproconazole (0.02) isofenphos-methyl (0.02) simazine (0.02)
diazinon (0.02) kresoxim-methyl (0.02) spinosad (0.02)
dichlofluanid (0.02) lindane (0.02) spiroxamine (0.02)
dicloran (0.02) malathion (0.02) tau-fluvalinate (0.02)
dicofol (0.05) mecarbam (0.02) tebufenozide (0.02)
dieldrin (0.02) mepanipyrim (0.02) tebufenpyrad (0.02)
diethofencarb (0.02) metalaxyl (0.02) tecnazene (0.02)
diflubenzuron (0.02) methacrifos (0.02) tefluthrin (0.02)
dimethomorph (0.02) methamidophos (0.01) tetrachlorvinphos (0.02)
dimoxystrobin (0.02) methidathion (0.02) tetradifon (0.02)
diphenylamine (0.02) methiocarb (0.02) tetramethrin (0.02)
disulfoton (0.02) metolcarb (0.02) tetreconazole (0.02)
diuron (0.02) mevinphos (0.02) thiabendazole (0.02)
dodine (0.02) monocrotophos (0.02) thiacloprid (0.02)
endosulfan (0.02) myclobutanil (0.02) thiamethoxam (0.02)
EPN (0.02) oxadixyl (0.02) thiodicarb (0.02)
epoxiconazole (0.02) oxamyl (0.02) tolclofos-methyl (0.02)
ethion (0.02) oxydemeton-methyl (0.02) tolylfluanid (0.02)
ethofumesate (0.02) paclobutrazol (0.02) triadimefon (0.02)
ethoprophos (0.02) parathion (0.02) triazamate (0.02)
etrimfos (0.02) parathion-methyl (0.02) triazophos (0.02)
famoxadone (0.02) penconazole (0.02) trifloxystrobin (0.02)
fenarimol (0.02) pencycuron (0.02) trifluralin (0.02)
fenazaquin (0.02) permethrin (0.02) vinclozolin (0.02)
fenbuconazole (0.02) phenthoate (0.02) zoxamide (0.02)
96
Table 11a. Residues detected in retail samples of KIWI FRUIT purchased between
August and November 2007
Commodity/Pesticide Concentration range (mg/kg) Number of samples in range
KIWIFRUIT, Imported (Non-EC): 43 samples analysed
chlorpyrifos <0.02 (i.e. not found) 42
(MRL = 2) 0.04 1
fenhexamid <0.02 (i.e. not found) 37
(MRL = 10) 0.03 - 0.6 6
iprodione <0.02 (i.e. not found) 37
(MRL = 5) 0.02 - 0.8 6
KIWIFRUIT, Imported (EC): 5 samples analysed
None found - 5
Imported (EC) samples of kiwifruit were from Italy (5).
Imported (Non-EC) samples of kiwifruit were from Chile (21), New Zealand (22).
Residues were distributed by country of origin, as follows:
chlorpyrifos Chile (1)
fenhexamid Chile (6)
iprodione Chile (1), New Zealand (5)
No residues were found in 32 of the 43 Imported (Non-EC) samples
No residues were found in any of the Imported (EC) samples
Table 11b. Residues detected in retail samples of KIWI FRUIT purchased between
August and November 2007 continued
Residues (1-2 compounds) were found in 11 of the 48 samples as follows:
Number of residues PRC Sample ID Residues found (mg/kg) Country of origin
CPF FNHX IPR
(1) 5495/2007 - 0.08 - Chile
7666/2007 - 0.05 - Chile
7968/2007 - 0.03 - Chile
8355/2007 - 0.08 - Chile
7610/2007 - - 0.04 New Zealand
7724/2007 - - 0.02 New Zealand
8392/2007 - - 0.02 New Zealand
9519/2007 - - 0.02 New Zealand
9610/2007 - - 0.09 New Zealand
(2) 7761/2007 0.04 0.6 - Chile
9550/2007 - 0.3 0.8 Chile
The abbreviations used for the pesticide names are as follows:
CPF chlorpyrifos FNHX fenhexamid IPR iprodione
97
Table 11c. Residues detected in retail samples of KIWI FRUIT purchased between
August and November 2007 continued
The following pesticide(s) were actively sought but not found at or above their reporting limits (in
parentheses in mg/kg):
2-phenylphenol (0.02) dimethomorph (0.02) metalaxyl (0.02) quassia (0.02)
acephate (0.02) dimoxystrobin (0.02) methacrifos (0.02) quinalphos (0.02)
acetamiprid (0.02) diphenylamine (0.02) methamidophos quinoxyfen (0.02)
acrinathrin (0.05) disulfoton (0.02) (0.01) quintozene (0.02)
aldicarb (0.02) diuron (0.02) methidathion (0.02) rotenone (0.02)
aldrin (0.02) endosulfan (0.02) methiocarb (0.02) simazine (0.02)
atrazine (0.02) EPN (0.02) methomyl (0.02) spinosad (0.02)
azinphos-methyl epoxiconazole (0.02) methoxychlor (0.02) spiroxamine (0.02)
(0.02) ethiofencarb (0.02) metolcarb (0.02) tau-fluvalinate (0.02)
azoxystrobin (0.02) ethion (0.02) mevinphos (0.02) tebuconazole (0.02)
benalaxyl (0.02) ethofumesate (0.02) monocrotophos (0.02) tebufenozide (0.02)
bendiocarb (0.02) ethoprophos (0.02) myclobutanil (0.02) tebufenpyrad (0.02)
bifenthrin (0.02) etrimfos (0.02) omethoate (0.02) tecnazene (0.02)
biphenyl (0.02) famoxadone (0.02) oxadixyl (0.02) tefluthrin (0.02)
bitertanol (0.02) fenarimol (0.02) oxamyl (0.02) tetrachlorvinphos
boscalid (0.02) fenazaquin (0.02) oxydemeton-methyl (0.02)
bromopropylate (0.02) fenbuconazole (0.02) (0.02) tetradifon (0.02)
bromoxynil (0.02) fenitrothion (0.02) paclobutrazol (0.02) tetramethrin (0.02)
bupirimate (0.02) fenoxycarb (0.02) parathion (0.02) tetreconazole (0.02)
buprofezin (0.02) fenpropathrin (0.02) parathion-methyl thiabendazole (0.02)
cadusafos (0.02) fenpropimorph (0.02) (0.02) thiacloprid (0.02)
captan (0.05) fenpyroximate (0.02) penconazole (0.02) thiamethoxam (0.02)
carbaryl (0.02) fenthion (0.02) pencycuron (0.02) thiophanate-methyl
carbendazim (0.02) fenvalerate (0.02) pendimethalin (0.02) (0.02)
carbofuran (0.01) fipronil (0.02) permethrin (0.02) tolclofos-methyl (0.02)
carbosulfan (0.01) fludioxonil (0.02) phenthoate (0.02) tolylfluanid (0.02)
chlorfenvinphos (0.02) flufenacet (0.02) phorate (0.02) triadimefon (0.02)
chlorobenzilate (0.02) flusilazole (0.02) phosalone (0.02) triadimenol (0.02)
chlorothalonil (0.01) folpet (0.05) phosmet (0.02) triazophos (0.02)
chlorotoluron (0.02) fonofos (0.02) phosphamidon (0.02) trifloxystrobin (0.02)
chlorpropham (0.02) formothion (0.02) picoxystrobin (0.02) trifluralin (0.02)
chlorpyrifos-methyl fosthiazate (0.02) pirimicarb (0.02) vinclozolin (0.02)
(0.02) furalaxyl (0.02) pirimiphos-ethyl (0.02) zoxamide (0.02)
chlorthal-dimethyl furathiocarb (0.02) pirimiphos-methyl
(0.02) heptenophos (0.02) (0.02)
chlozolinate (0.02) hexaconazole (0.02) prochloraz (0.02)
cyfluthrin (0.05) hexythiazox (0.02) procymidone (0.02)
cymoxanil (0.02) imazalil (0.02) profenofos (0.02)
cypermethrin (0.05) imidacloprid (0.02) propargite (0.02)
cyproconazole (0.02) indoxacarb (0.02) propham (0.02)
cyprodinil (0.02) iprovalicarb (0.02) propiconazole (0.02)
DDT (0.02) isazophos (0.02) propoxur (0.02)
deltamethrin (0.05) isocarbophos (0.02) propyzamide (0.02)
diazinon (0.02) isofenphos (0.02) prothiofos (0.02)
dichlofluanid (0.02) isofenphos-methyl pymetrozine (0.02)
dichlorvos (0.02) (0.02) pyraclostrobin (0.02)
dicloran (0.02) kresoxim-methyl pyrazophos (0.02)
dicofol (0.05) (0.02) pyrethrins (0.02)
dicrotophos (0.02) lambda-cyhalothrin pyridaben (0.02)
dieldrin (0.02) (0.02) pyridaphenthion
diethofencarb (0.02) lindane (0.02) (0.02)
difenoconazole (0.02) malathion (0.02) pyrifenox (0.02)
diflubenzuron (0.02) mecarbam (0.02) pyrimethanil (0.02)
dimethoate (0.02) mepanipyrim (0.02) pyriproxifen (0.02)
98
Table 12a. Residues detected in retail samples of LEEKS purchased between July and
November 2007
Commodity/Pesticide Concentration range (mg/kg) Number of samples in range
LEEKS, UK: 26 samples analysed
chlorothalonil <0.01 (i.e. not found) 24
(MRL = 10) 0.07, 0.09 2
chlorpyrifos <0.02 (i.e. not found) 25
(MRL = 0.05*) 0.05 1
cyproconazole <0.02 (i.e. not found) 25
(No MRL) 0.02 1
tebuconazole <0.02 (i.e. not found) 24
(No MRL) 0.02, 0.06 2
LEEKS, Imported (EC): 9 samples analysed
procymidone <0.02 (i.e. not found) 8
(MRL = 0.02*) 0.03 1
NOTE: * Indicates MRL is set to the Limit Of Detection.
Imported (EC) samples of leeks were from Spain (5), the Netherlands (4).
UK samples of leeks (26).
Residues were distributed by country of origin, as follows:
chlorothalonil UK (2)
chlorpyrifos UK (1)
cyproconazole UK (1)
procymidone Spain (1)
tebuconazole UK (2)
No residues were found in 23 of the 26 UK samples
No residues were found in 8 of the 9 Imported (EC) samples
Table 12b. Residues detected in retail samples of LEEKS purchased between July and
November 2007 continued
Residues (1-2 compounds) were found in 4 of the 35 samples as follows:
Number of residues PRC Sample ID Residues found (mg/kg) Country of origin
CLN CPF CPZ PCM TBC
(1) 8891/2007 - - - 0.03 - Spain
(2) 4004/2007 0.07 - - - 0.02 UK
4019/2007 0.09 - 0.02 - - UK
4043/2007 - 0.05 - - 0.06 UK
The abbreviations used for the pesticide names are as follows:
CLN chlorothalonil CPF chlorpyrifos CPZ cyproconazole
PCM procymidone TBC tebuconazole
99
Table 12c. Residues detected in retail samples of LEEKS purchased between July and
November 2007 continued
The following pesticide(s) were actively sought but not found at or above their reporting limits (in parentheses in
mg/kg):
2-phenylphenol (0.02) dithiocarbamates (0.05) methidathion (0.02) tebufenozide (0.02)
acephate (0.02) diuron (0.02) methiocarb (0.02) tebufenpyrad (0.02)
acetamiprid (0.02) endosulfan (0.02) methomyl (0.02) tecnazene (0.02)
acrinathrin (0.05) EPN (0.02) methoxychlor (0.02) tefluthrin (0.02)
aldicarb (0.02) epoxiconazole (0.02) metolcarb (0.02) tetrachlorvinphos (0.02)
aldrin (0.02) ethiofencarb (0.02) mevinphos (0.02) tetradifon (0.02)
atrazine (0.02) ethion (0.02) monocrotophos (0.02) tetramethrin (0.02)
azoxystrobin (0.02) ethofumesate (0.02) myclobutanil (0.02) tetreconazole (0.02)
benalaxyl (0.02) ethoprophos (0.02) omethoate (0.02) thiabendazole (0.02)
bendiocarb (0.02) etrimfos (0.02) oxadixyl (0.02) thiacloprid (0.02)
bifenthrin (0.02) famoxadone (0.02) oxamyl (0.02) thiamethoxam (0.02)
biphenyl (0.02) fenarimol (0.02) oxydemeton-methyl thiodicarb (0.02)
bitertanol (0.02) fenazaquin (0.02) (0.02) tolclofos-methyl (0.02)
boscalid (0.02) fenbuconazole (0.02) paclobutrazol (0.02) tolylfluanid (0.02)
bromopropylate (0.02) fenhexamid (0.02) parathion (0.02) triadimefon (0.02)
bromoxynil (0.02) fenitrothion (0.02) parathion-methyl (0.02) triadimenol (0.02)
bupirimate (0.02) fenoxycarb (0.02) penconazole (0.02) triazophos (0.02)
buprofezin (0.02) fenpropathrin (0.02) pencycuron (0.02) trifloxystrobin (0.02)
cadusafos (0.02) fenpropimorph (0.02) pendimethalin (0.02) trifluralin (0.02)
captan (0.05) fenpyroximate (0.02) permethrin (0.02) vinclozolin (0.02)
carbaryl (0.02) fenthion (0.02) phenthoate (0.02) zoxamide (0.02)
carbendazim (0.02) fenvalerate (0.02) phorate (0.02)
carbofuran (0.01) fipronil (0.02) phosalone (0.02)
chlorfenvinphos (0.02) fludioxonil (0.02) phosmet (0.02)
chlorobenzilate (0.02) flufenacet (0.02) phosphamidon (0.02)
chlorotoluron (0.02) flusilazole (0.02) picoxystrobin (0.02)
chlorpropham (0.02) folpet (0.05) pirimicarb (0.02)
chlorpyrifos-methyl fonofos (0.02) pirimiphos-ethyl (0.02)
(0.02) formothion (0.02) pirimiphos-methyl
chlorthal-dimethyl fosthiazate (0.02) (0.02)
(0.02) furalaxyl (0.02) prochloraz (0.02)
chlozolinate (0.02) furathiocarb (0.02) profenofos (0.02)
cyfluthrin (0.05) heptenophos (0.02) propargite (0.02)
cymoxanil (0.02) hexaconazole (0.02) propham (0.02)
cypermethrin (0.05) hexythiazox (0.02) propiconazole (0.02)
cyprodinil (0.02) imazalil (0.02) propoxur (0.02)
DDT (0.02) imidacloprid (0.02) propyzamide (0.02)
deltamethrin (0.05) indoxacarb (0.02) prothiofos (0.02)
demeton-S-methyl iprodione (0.02) pymetrozine (0.02)
sulphone (0.02) iprovalicarb (0.02) pyraclostrobin (0.02)
diazinon (0.02) isazophos (0.02) pyrazophos (0.02)
dichlofluanid (0.02) isocarbophos (0.02) pyrethrins (0.02)
dichlorvos (0.02) isofenphos (0.02) pyridaben (0.02)
dicloran (0.02) isofenphos-methyl pyrifenox (0.02)
dicofol (0.05) (0.02) pyrimethanil (0.02)
dicrotophos (0.02) kresoxim-methyl (0.02) pyriproxifen (0.02)
dieldrin (0.02) lambda-cyhalothrin quassia (0.02)
diethofencarb (0.02) (0.02) quinalphos (0.02)
difenoconazole (0.02) lindane (0.02) quinoxyfen (0.02)
diflubenzuron (0.02) malathion (0.02) quintozene (0.02)
dimethoate (0.02) mecarbam (0.02) rotenone (0.02)
dimethomorph (0.02) mepanipyrim (0.02) simazine (0.02)
dimoxystrobin (0.02) metalaxyl (0.02) spinosad (0.02)
diphenylamine (0.02) methacrifos (0.02) spiroxamine (0.02)
disulfoton (0.02) methamidophos (0.01) tau-fluvalinate (0.02)
100
Table 13a. Residues detected in retail samples of LETTUCE purchased between July
and November 2007
Commodity/Pesticide Concentration range (mg/kg) Number of samples in range
LETTUCE, UK: 59 samples analysed
acetamiprid <0.02 (i.e. not found) 58
(UK tMRL = 2) 0.05 1
azoxystrobin <0.02 (i.e. not found) 58
(MRL = 3) 0.2 1
boscalid <0.02 (i.e. not found) 56
(UK tMRL = 10) 0.3, 0.5, 0.5 3
cypermethrin <0.05 (i.e. not found) 57
(MRL = 2) 0.07, 0.08 2
dithiocarbamates † <0.05 (i.e. not found) 29
(MRL = 5) 1 1
fenhexamid <0.02 (i.e. not found) 56
(MRL = 30) 0.06, 0.08, 4.2 3
imidacloprid <0.02 (i.e. not found) 58
(CAC MRL = 2) 0.02 1
iprodione <0.02 (i.e. not found) 58
(MRL = 10) 1.1 1
lambda-cyhalothrin <0.02 (i.e. not found) 58
(MRL = 1) 0.03 1
propamocarb <0.02 (i.e. not found) 56
(CAC MRL = 10) 0.04, 0.6, 4.4 3
propyzamide <0.02 (i.e. not found) 58
(MRL = 1) 0.6 1
pyraclostrobin <0.02 (i.e. not found) 56
(UK tMRL = 2) 0.03, 0.03, 0.07 3
pyrimethanil <0.02 (i.e. not found) 58
(No MRL) 0.02 1
thiacloprid <0.02 (i.e. not found) 58
(MRL = 2) 0.6 1
LETTUCE, Imported (Non-EC): 1 sample analysed
None found - 1
LETTUCE, Imported (EC): 13 samples analysed
azoxystrobin <0.02 (i.e. not found) 11
(MRL = 3) 0.1, 0.2 2
dithiocarbamates † <0.05 (i.e. not found) 5
(MRL = 5) 0.06 1
101
Commodity/Pesticide Concentration range (mg/kg) Number of samples in range
imidacloprid <0.02 (i.e. not found) 12
(CAC MRL = 2) 0.06 1
indoxacarb <0.02 (i.e. not found) 11
(No MRL until 16/11/2007) 0.04 1
(MRL = 2 from 17/11/2007 ) 0.04 1
iprodione <0.02 (i.e. not found) 12
(MRL = 10) 0.04 1
lambda-cyhalothrin <0.02 (i.e. not found) 12
(MRL = 1) 0.03 1
metalaxyl <0.02 (i.e. not found) 12
(MRL = 2) 0.03 1
methomyl <0.02 (i.e. not found) 12
(MRL = 0.3) 0.03 1
procymidone <0.02 (i.e. not found) 12
(MRL = 5) 0.2 1
propamocarb <0.02 (i.e. not found) 12
(CAC MRL = 10) 0.1 1
† Residue not sought in all samples
Imported (EC) samples of lettuce were from Bulgaria (1), Spain (11), the Netherlands (1).
Imported (Non-EC) samples of lettuce were from USA (1).
UK samples of lettuce (59).
Residues were distributed by country of origin, as follows:
acetamiprid UK (1)
azoxystrobin Spain (2), UK (1)
boscalid UK (3)
cypermethrin UK (2)
dithiocarbamates Spain (1), UK (1)
fenhexamid UK (3)
indoxacarb Spain (2)
imidacloprid Spain (1), UK (1)
iprodione Spain (1), UK (1)
lambda-cyhalothrin Spain (1), UK (1)
methomyl Spain (1)
metalaxyl Spain (1)
propamocarb the Netherlands (1), UK (3)
procymidone Spain (1)
propyzamide UK (1)
pyraclostrobin UK (3)
pyrimethanil UK (1)
thiacloprid UK (1)
No residues were found in 48 of the 59 UK samples
No residues were found in any of the Imported (Non-EC) samples
No residues were found in 6 of the 13 Imported (EC) samples
102
Table 13b. Residues detected in retail samples of LETTUCE purchased between July and November 2007 continued
Residues (1-4 compounds) were found in 18 of the 73 samples as follows:
Number PRC Residues found (mg/kg) Country of
of Sample ID origin
residues
ACET AZOX BOS CYP DTC FNHX IDX IMI IPR LCY METH MTX PCB PCM PPZ PYC PYM THC
(1) 6249/2007 - - - - - 0.08 - - - - - - - - - - - - UK
8820/2007 0.05 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - UK
8865/2007 - - - 0.07 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - UK
9810/2007 - - - - - - - 0.02 - - - - - - - - - - UK
9849/2007 - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.04 - - - - - UK
4111/2007 - 0.1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Spain
8356/2007 - - - - - - - - - - 0.03 - - - - - - - Spain
8357/2007 - - - - - - 0.04 - - - - - - - - - - - Spain
5497/2007 - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.1 - - - - - the
Netherlands
(2) 4130/2007 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.6 - 0.02 - UK
5498/2007 - 0.2 - - - - - - - 0.03 - - - - - - - - UK
7998/2007 - - - 0.08 - - - - 1.1 - - - - - - - - - UK
4129/2007 - - - - - - - - - - - 0.03 - 0.2 - - - - Spain
9857/2007 - - - - 0.06 - - - 0.04 - - - - - - - - - Spain
(4) 4161/2007 - - 0.5 - - - - - - - - - 4.4 - - 0.07 - 0.6 UK
6250/2007 - - 0.5 - 1 4.2 - - - - - - - - - 0.03 - - UK
7487/2007 - - 0.3 - - 0.06 - - - - - - 0.6 - - 0.03 - - UK
7594/2007 - 0.2 - - - - 0.04 0.06 - 0.03 - - - - - - - - Spain
The abbreviations used for the pesticide names are as follows:
ACET acetamiprid AZOX azoxystrobin BOS boscalid
CYP cypermethrin DTC dithiocarbamates FNHX fenhexamid
IDX indoxacarb IMI imidacloprid IPR iprodione
LCY lambda-cyhalothrin METH methomyl MTX metalaxyl
PCB propamocarb PCM procymidone PPZ propyzamide
PYC pyraclostrobin PYM pyrimethanil THC thiacloprid
103
Table 13c. Residues detected in retail samples of LETTUCE purchased between July
and November 2007 continued
The following pesticide(s) were actively sought but not found at or above their reporting limits (in parentheses in
mg/kg):
2-phenylphenol (0.02) pyrazophos (0.02) mecarbam (0.02) ethiofencarb (0.02)
ethion (0.02) carbofuran (0.01) tefluthrin (0.02) pendimethalin (0.02)
permethrin (0.02) folpet (0.05) dichlorvos (0.02)
acephate (0.02) pyrethrins (0.02) mepanipyrim (0.02)
ethofumesate (0.02) carbosulfan (0.01) tetrachlorvinphos (0.02)
phenthoate (0.02) fonofos (0.02) dicloran (0.02)
acrinathrin (0.05) pyridaben (0.02) methacrifos (0.02)
ethoprophos (0.02) chlorfenvinphos (0.02) tetradifon (0.02)
phorate (0.02) formothion (0.02) dicofol (0.05)
aldicarb (0.02) pyridaphenthion (0.02) methamidophos (0.01)
etrimfos (0.02) chlorobenzilate (0.02) tetramethrin (0.02)
phosalone (0.02) fosthiazate (0.02) dicrotophos (0.02)
aldrin (0.02) pyrifenox (0.02) methidathion (0.02)
famoxadone (0.02) chlorothalonil (0.01) tetreconazole (0.02)
phosmet (0.02) furalaxyl (0.02) dieldrin (0.02)
atrazine (0.02) pyriproxifen (0.02) methiocarb (0.02)
fenarimol (0.02) chlorotoluron (0.02) thiabendazole (0.02)
phosphamidon (0.02) furathiocarb (0.02) diethofencarb (0.02)
azinphos-methyl (0.02) quassia (0.02) metolcarb (0.02)
fenazaquin (0.02) chlorpropham (0.02) thiamethoxam (0.02)
picoxystrobin (0.02) heptenophos (0.02) difenoconazole (0.02)
benalaxyl (0.02) quinalphos (0.02) mevinphos (0.02)
fenbuconazole (0.02) chlorpyrifos (0.02) thiodicarb (0.02)
pirimicarb (0.02) hexaconazole (0.02) diflubenzuron (0.02)
bendiocarb (0.02) quinoxyfen (0.02) monocrotophos (0.02)
fenitrothion (0.02) chlorpyrifos-methyl (0.02) thiophanate-methyl (0.02)
pirimiphos-ethyl (0.02) hexythiazox (0.02) dimethoate (0.02)
bifenthrin (0.02) quintozene (0.02) myclobutanil (0.02)
fenoxycarb (0.02) chlorthal-dimethyl (0.02) tolclofos-methyl (0.02)
pirimiphos-methyl (0.02) imazalil (0.02) dimethomorph (0.02)
biphenyl (0.02) rotenone (0.02) omethoate (0.02)
fenpropathrin (0.02) chlozolinate (0.02) tolylfluanid (0.02)
prochloraz (0.02) iprovalicarb (0.02) dimoxystrobin (0.02)
bitertanol (0.02) simazine (0.02) oxadixyl (0.02)
fenpropimorph (0.02) cyfluthrin (0.05) triadimefon (0.02)
profenofos (0.02) isazophos (0.02) diphenylamine (0.02)
bromopropylate (0.02) spinosad (0.02) oxamyl (0.02)
fenpyroximate (0.02) cymoxanil (0.02) triadimenol (0.02)
propargite (0.02) isocarbophos (0.02) disulfoton (0.02)
bupirimate (0.02) spiroxamine (0.02) oxydemeton-methyl (0.02)
fenthion (0.02) cyproconazole (0.02) triazamate (0.02)
propham (0.02) isofenphos (0.02) diuron (0.02)
buprofezin (0.02) tau-fluvalinate (0.02) paclobutrazol (0.02)
fenvalerate (0.02) cyprodinil (0.02) triazophos (0.02)
propiconazole (0.02) isofenphos-methyl (0.02) dodine (0.02)
cadusafos (0.02) tebuconazole (0.02) parathion (0.02)
fipronil (0.02) DDT (0.02) trifloxystrobin (0.02)
propoxur (0.02) kresoxim-methyl (0.02) endosulfan (0.02)
captan (0.05) tebufenozide (0.02) parathion-methyl (0.02)
fludioxonil (0.02) deltamethrin (0.05) trifluralin (0.02)
prothiofos (0.02) lindane (0.02) EPN (0.02)
carbaryl (0.02) tebufenpyrad (0.02) penconazole (0.02)
flufenacet (0.02) diazinon (0.02) vinclozolin (0.02)
pymetrozine (0.02) malathion (0.02) epoxiconazole (0.02)
carbendazim (0.02) tecnazene (0.02) pencycuron (0.02)
flusilazole (0.02) dichlofluanid (0.02) zoxamide (0.02)
104
Table 14. Residues detected in retail samples of MILK purchased between October and
December 2007
Commodity/Pesticide Concentration range (mg/kg) Number of samples in range
MILK, COWS MILK UK: 60 samples analysed
None found - 60
MILK, GOATS MILK UK: 18 samples analysed
None found - 18
UK samples of milk (78).
No residues were found in any of the UK cows milk samples
No residues were found in any of the UK goats milk samples
The following pesticide(s) were actively sought but not found at or above their reporting limits (in parentheses in
mg/kg):
aldrin (0.002) DDT (0.002) endrin (0.0008)
alpha-HCH (0.002) dicofol (0.005) heptachlor (0.002)
beta-HCH (0.002) dieldrin (0.002) hexachlorobenzene (0.002)
bifenthrin (0.005) endosulfan (0.002) lindane (0.0004)
chlordane (0.001)
105
Table 15a. Residues detected in UK samples of OATS AND RYE obtained between
September and November 2007
Commodity/Pesticide Concentration range (mg/kg) Number of samples in range
OATS AND RYE, OATS: 68 samples analysed
Chlormequat <0.05 (i.e. not found) 16
(MRL = 5) 0.07 - 4.7 49
6.3 - 8 3
Chlorpropham <0.02 (i.e. not found) 67
(MRL = 0.02*) 0.1 1
chlorpyrifos-methyl <0.02 (i.e. not found) 66
(MRL = 3) 0.03, 0.6 2
Glyphosate <0.1 (i.e. not found) 51
(MRL = 20) 0.3 - 3.8 17
Mepiquat <0.05 (i.e. not found) 67
(No MRL) 0.1 1
pirimiphos-methyl <0.02 (i.e. not found) 61
(MRL = 5) 0.03 - 0.5 7
OATS AND RYE, RYE: 3 samples analysed
chlormequat <0.05 (i.e. not found) 1
(MRL = 2) 0.3, 0.4 2
NOTE: * Indicates MRL is set to the Limit Of Detection.
UK samples of oats and rye were (71).
Residues were distributed by country of origin, as follows:
chlormequat 54
chlorpyrifos-methyl 2
chlorpropham 1
glyphosate 17
mepiquat 1
pirimiphos-methyl 7
No residues were found in 10 of the 68 oats samples
No residues were found in 1 of the 3 rye samples
106
Table 15b. Residues detected in UK samples of OATS AND RYE obtained between
September and November 2007 continued
Residues (1-3 compounds) were found in 60 of the 71 samples as follows:
Number of PRC Type of OATS Residues found (mg/kg)
residues Sample ID AND RYE
CLQ CPFME CPP GLY MPQ PIM
(1) 9248/2007 OATS - - - 1 - -
9286/2007 OATS 1.5 - - - - -
9341/2007 OATS 2.9 - - - - -
9342/2007 OATS 0.8 - - - - -
9343/2007 OATS 4.4 - - - - -
9344/2007 OATS 3.1 - - - - -
9347/2007 OATS 2.6 - - - - -
9348/2007 OATS 2.2 - - - - -
9349/2007 OATS 3.2 - - - - -
9352/2007 OATS 1.7 - - - - -
9354/2007 OATS - - - 0.4 - -
9356/2007 OATS - - - - - 0.06
9358/2007 OATS - - - 3.8 - -
9360/2007 OATS 4.4 - - - - -
9361/2007 OATS 3.9 - - - - -
9362/2007 OATS 2.5 - - - - -
9365/2007 RYE 0.3 - - - - -
9366/2007 RYE 0.4 - - - - -
9368/2007 OATS 3.5 - - - - -
9369/2007 OATS - - - - - 0.03
9372/2007 OATS 3.2 - - - - -
9373/2007 OATS 2.4 - - - - -
9374/2007 OATS 1.8 - - - - -
9376/2007 OATS 6.3 - - - - -
9378/2007 OATS - - - - - 0.5
9379/2007 OATS 1.4 - - - - -
9380/2007 OATS 1.6 - - - - -
9382/2007 OATS 1.3 - - - - -
9384/2007 OATS 1 - - - - -
9385/2007 OATS 2.5 - - - - -
9386/2007 OATS 2.7 - - - - -
9387/2007 OATS 4.3 - - - - -
9388/2007 OATS 8 - - - - -
9391/2007 OATS 1.7 - - - - -
9392/2007 OATS 1.8 - - - - -
9394/2007 OATS 3.3 - - - - -
9395/2007 OATS 0.07 - - - - -
9396/2007 OATS 4.7 - - - - -
9397/2007 OATS 1.4 - - - - -
9398/2007 OATS 2.9 - - - - -
9399/2007 OATS 1.8 - - - - -
9401/2007 OATS 3.8 - - - - -
(2) 9281/2007 OATS 4.1 - - 3 - -
9284/2007 OATS 2.1 - - 3 - -
9285/2007 OATS 1.3 - - 3.7 - -
9337/2007 OATS 2.5 - - - - 0.03
9340/2007 OATS 6.9 0.03 - - - -
9350/2007 OATS 2.7 - - 0.3 - -
9351/2007 OATS 4.5 - - - - 0.05
9375/2007 OATS 2.7 0.6 - - - -
9377/2007 OATS 3.5 - - 1.6 - -
9381/2007 OATS 1 - - 1.8 - -
107
Number of PRC Type of OATS Residues found (mg/kg)
residues Sample ID AND RYE
CLQ CPFME CPP GLY MPQ PIM
9383/2007 OATS 4 - - 0.7 - -
9389/2007 OATS 2.7 - - 1.3 - -
9393/2007 OATS 2.9 - - 1.8 - -
9400/2007 OATS 1.5 - - 0.8 - -
(3) 9283/2007 OATS 2.5 - - 1.9 0.1 -
9363/2007 OATS 2.7 - - 0.9 - 0.03
9364/2007 OATS 2 - 0.1 3.4 - -
9390/2007 OATS 2.7 - - 2.4 - 0.2
The abbreviations used for the pesticide names are as follows:
CLQ chlormequat CPFME chlorpyrifos-methyl CPP chlorpropham
GLY glyphosate MPQ mepiquat PIM pirimiphos-methyl
Table 15c. Residues detected in UK samples of OATS AND RYE obtained between
September and November 2007 continued
The following pesticide(s) were actively sought but not found at or above their reporting limits (in parentheses
in mg/kg):
azoxystrobin (0.02) dimoxystrobin (0.02) malathion (0.02)
bifenthrin (0.02) endosulfan (0.02) methacrifos (0.02)
carbaryl (0.02) etrimfos (0.02) permethrin (0.02)
carbendazim (0.02) fenitrothion (0.02) phosphamidon (0.02)
chlorpyrifos (0.02) fenvalerate (0.02) picoxystrobin (0.02)
cypermethrin (0.02) iprodione (0.02) pyraclostrobin (0.02)
deltamethrin (0.02) kresoxim-methyl (0.02) pyrimethanil (0.02)
diazinon (0.02) lindane (0.02) trifloxystrobin (0.02)
dichlorvos (0.02)
108
Table 16a. Residues detected in retail samples of PEACHES AND NECTARINES
purchased between October and November 2007
Commodity/Pesticide Concentration range (mg/kg) Number of samples in range
NECTARINES Imported (Non-EC): 22 samples analysed
fenbuconazole <0.02 (i.e. not found) 17
(No MRL) 0.04 - 0.2 5
fenhexamid <0.02 (i.e. not found) 17
(MRL = 5) 0.02 - 0.07 5
fludioxonil <0.02 (i.e. not found) 16
(MRL = 1) 0.07 - 0.7 6
iprodione <0.02 (i.e. not found) 9
(MRL = 3) 0.07 - 2 13
permethrin <0.02 (i.e. not found) 21
(MRL = 0.05*) 0.05 1
phosmet <0.02 (i.e. not found) 21
(CAC MRL = 5) 0.02 1
propargite <0.02 (i.e. not found) 21
(CAC MRL = 7) 0.3 1
propiconazole <0.02 (i.e. not found) 21
(MRL = 0.2) 0.06 1
pyrimethanil <0.02 (i.e. not found) 21
(No MRL) 0.3 1
PEACHES Imported (Non-EC): 19 samples analysed
carbaryl <0.02 (i.e. not found) 16
(MRL = 0.05*) 0.03 1
0.08, 0.2 2
fenbuconazole <0.02 (i.e. not found) 13
(CAC MRL = 0.5) 0.04 - 0.2 6
fenhexamid <0.02 (i.e. not found) 8
(MRL = 5) 0.06 - 0.1 11
fludioxonil <0.02 (i.e. not found) 8
(MRL = 1) 0.1 - 0.4 11
iprodione <0.02 (i.e. not found) 13
(MRL = 3) 0.1 - 0.5 6
phosmet <0.02 (i.e. not found) 17
(CAC MRL = 10) 0.3, 0.4 2
propiconazole <0.02 (i.e. not found) 13
(MRL = 0.2) 0.03 - 0.09 6
NECTARINES Imported (EC): 8 samples analysed
azinphos-methyl <0.02 (i.e. not found) 6
(MRL = 2) 0.03, 0.03 2
109
Commodity/Pesticide Concentration range (mg/kg) Number of samples in range
bitertanol <0.02 (i.e. not found) 6
(MRL = 1) 0.1, 0.3 2
carbendazim <0.02 (i.e. not found) 6
(MRL = 0.2) 0.03, 0.07 2
cyprodinil <0.02 (i.e. not found) 7
(No MRL) 0.5 1
iprodione <0.02 (i.e. not found) 5
(MRL = 3) 0.1, 0.3, 0.5 3
lambda-cyhalothrin <0.02 (i.e. not found) 4
(MRL = 0.2) 0.02 - 0.04 4
tebuconazole <0.02 (i.e. not found) 5
(No MRL) 0.03, 0.03, 0.08 3
thiophanate-methyl <0.02 (i.e. not found) 7
(MRL = 2) 0.02 1
PEACHES Imported (EC): 6 samples analysed
bitertanol <0.02 (i.e. not found) 5
(MRL = 1) 0.1 1
captan <0.05 (i.e. not found) 5
(MRL = 0.02*) 0.1 1
carbendazim <0.02 (i.e. not found) 5
(MRL = 0.2) 0.02 1
chlorpyrifos-methyl <0.02 (i.e. not found) 5
(MRL = 0.5) 0.3 1
cypermethrin <0.05 (i.e. not found) 5
(MRL = 2) 0.07 1
cyprodinil <0.02 (i.e. not found) 4
(No MRL) 0.07, 0.1 2
dithiocarbamates <0.05 (i.e. not found) 5
(MRL = 2) 0.1 1
fludioxonil <0.02 (i.e. not found) 5
(MRL = 1) 0.05 1
iprodione <0.02 (i.e. not found) 2
(MRL = 3) 0.1 - 0.5 4
lambda-cyhalothrin <0.02 (i.e. not found) 4
(MRL = 0.2) 0.02, 0.04 2
phosmet <0.02 (i.e. not found) 5
(CAC MRL = 10) 0.04 1
procymidone <0.02 (i.e. not found) 5
(MRL = 2) 0.3 1
propargite <0.02 (i.e. not found) 5
110
Commodity/Pesticide Concentration range (mg/kg) Number of samples in range
(CAC MRL = 7) 0.1 1
tebuconazole <0.02 (i.e. not found) 5
(CAC MRL = 1) 0.02 1
NOTE: * Indicates MRL is set to the Limit Of Detection.
Imported (EC) samples of peaches and nectarines were from France (1), Italy (4), Spain (9).
Imported (Non-EC) samples of peaches and nectarines were from South Africa (24), USA (17).
Residues were distributed by country of origin, as follows:
azinphos-methyl Italy (2)
bitertanol Spain (3)
captan Spain (1)
carbaryl USA (3)
carbendazim Spain (3)
chlorpyrifos-methyl Spain (1)
cyprodinil Spain (3)
cypermethrin Spain (1)
dithiocarbamates Spain (1)
fenbuconazole South Africa (5), USA (6)
fludioxonil Spain (1), USA (17)
fenhexamid USA (16)
iprodione South Africa (19), Spain (7)
lambda-cyhalothrin France (1), Spain (5)
procymidone Spain (1)
propiconazole USA (7)
permethrin South Africa (1)
propargite France (1), USA (1)
phosmet Spain (1), USA (3)
pyrimethanil USA (1)
tebuconazole Italy (3), Spain (1)
thiophanate-methyl Spain (1)
No residues were found in 1 of the 22 Imported (Non-EC) nectarine samples
No residues were found in 2 of the 19 Imported (Non-EC) peach samples
No residues were found in 1 of the 8 Imported (EC) nectarine samples
Residues were found in all of the 6 Imported (EC) peach samples
111
Table 16b. Residues detected in retail samples of PEACHES AND NECTARINES purchased between October and November
2007 continued
Residues (1-5 compounds) were found in 51 of the 55 samples as follows:
Number PRC Type Residues found (mg/kg) Country of
of Sample ID origin
residues
AZM BIT CAP CBY CBZ CPFME CYD CYP DTC FENB FLUD FNHX IPR LCY PCM PCZ PER PGT PMT PYM TBC TME
(1) 4119/2007 PEACHES - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.2 - - - - - - - - - South Africa
4131/2007 PEACHES - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.2 - - - - - - - - - South Africa
4144/2007 NECTARINES - - - - - - - - - 0.04 - - - - - - - - - - - - South Africa
4162/2007 NECTARINES - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.07 - - - - - - - - - South Africa
4163/2007 PEACHES - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.3 - - - - - - - - - South Africa
4178/2007 PEACHES - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.5 - - - - - - - - - South Africa
4179/2007 PEACHES - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.2 - - - - - - - - - South Africa
4180/2007 NECTARINES - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.3 - - - - - - - - - South Africa
4311/2007 NECTARINES - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.05 - - - - - South Africa
5499/2007 NECTARINES - - - - - - - - - - - - 2 - - - - - - - - - South Africa
8132/2007 NECTARINES - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.2 - - - - - - - - - South Africa
8219/2007 NECTARINES - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.4 - - - - - - - - - South Africa
8359/2007 NECTARINES - - - - - - - - - - - - 2 - - - - - - - - - South Africa
8395/2007 NECTARINES - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.2 - - - - - - - - - South Africa
8396/2007 NECTARINES - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.4 - - - - - - - - - South Africa
9206/2007 NECTARINES - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.1 - - - - - - - - - South Africa
9493/2007 PEACHES - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.1 - - - - - - - - - South Africa
9963/2007 NECTARINES - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.03 - Italy
(2) 4132/2007 NECTARINES - - - - - - - - - 0.05 - - 0.6 - - - - - - - - - South Africa
4164/2007 NECTARINES - - - - - - - - - 0.08 - - 0.5 - - - - - - - - - South Africa
9494/2007 NECTARINES - - - - - - - - - 0.2 - - 1 - - - - - - - - - South Africa
9495/2007 NECTARINES - - - - - - - - - 0.08 - - 0.7 - - - - - - - - - South Africa
8360/2007 NECTARINES - - - - - - - - - - 0.2 0.07 - - - - - - - - - - USA
8416/2007 NECTARINES - - - - - - - - - - 0.4 0.05 - - - - - - - - - - USA
112
Number PRC Type Residues found (mg/kg) Country of
of Sample ID origin
residues
AZM BIT CAP CBY CBZ CPFME CYD CYP DTC FENB FLUD FNHX IPR LCY PCM PCZ PER PGT PMT PYM TBC TME
8417/2007 PEACHES - - - - - - - - - - 0.4 0.06 - - - - - - - - - - USA
9935/2007 NECTARINES - - - - - - - - - - 0.07 0.02 - - - - - - - - - - USA
9962/2007 PEACHES - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.04 - - - 0.1 - - - - France
9873/2007 NECTARINES 0.03 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.03 - Italy
9936/2007 NECTARINES 0.03 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.08 - Italy
9950/2007 PEACHES - - - - 0.02 - 0.07 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Spain
(3) 8371/2007 PEACHES - - - - - - - - - - 0.2 0.1 - - - - - - 0.3 - - - USA
8372/2007 NECTARINES - - - - - - - - - - 0.2 0.05 - - - - - - 0.02 - - - USA
8496/2007 PEACHES - - - - - - - - - - 0.4 0.08 - - - - - - 0.4 - - - USA
8497/2007 NECTARINES - - - - - - - - - - 0.2 0.03 - - - - - 0.3 - - - - USA
9813/2007 PEACHES - - - - - - - - - - 0.2 0.1 - - - 0.03 - - - - - - USA
9871/2007 NECTARINES - - - - - - - - - - 0.7 - - - - 0.06 - - - 0.3 - - USA
9872/2007 PEACHES - - - - - - - - - - 0.1 0.1 - - - 0.03 - - - - - - USA
7746/2007 PEACHES - - 0.1 - - - - - - - - - 0.1 - - - - - - - 0.02 - Spain
7747/2007 NECTARINES - 0.3 - - - - - - - - - - 0.3 0.03 - - - - - - - - Spain
9811/2007 NECTARINES - 0.1 - - - - - - - - - - 0.5 0.03 - - - - - - - - Spain
9812/2007 PEACHES - 0.1 - - - - - - - - - - 0.5 0.02 - - - - - - - - Spain
9903/2007 NECTARINES - - - - 0.07 - 0.5 - - - - - - 0.04 - - - - - - - - Spain
(4) 8133/2007 PEACHES - - - - - - - - - 0.07 0.2 0.08 - - - 0.03 - - - - - - USA
8361/2007 PEACHES - - - 0.03 - - - - - 0.04 0.1 0.06 - - - - - - - - - - USA
8397/2007 PEACHES - - - 0.2 - - - - - 0.1 0.3 0.1 - - - - - - - - - - USA
8415/2007 PEACHES - - - - - - - - - 0.07 0.2 0.1 - - - 0.09 - - - - - - USA
8423/2007 PEACHES - - - - - - - - - 0.04 0.2 0.06 - - - 0.04 - - - - - - USA
9901/2007 NECTARINES - - - - 0.03 - - - - - - - 0.1 0.02 - - - - - - - 0.02 Spain
9902/2007 PEACHES - - - - - - - 0.07 0.1 - - - 0.3 - - - - - 0.04 - - - Spain
(5) 5810/2007 PEACHES - - - 0.08 - - - - - 0.2 0.2 0.1 - - - 0.07 - - - - - - USA
7748/2007 PEACHES - - - - - 0.3 0.1 - - - 0.05 - 0.5 - 0.3 - - - - - - - Spain
113
The abbreviations used for the pesticide names are as follows:
AZM azinphos-methyl BIT bitertanol CAP captan
CBY carbaryl CBZ carbendazim CPFME chlorpyrifos-methyl
CYD cyprodinil CYP cypermethrin DTC dithiocarbamates
FENB fenbuconazole FLUD fludioxonil FNHX fenhexamid
IPR iprodione LCY lambda-cyhalothrin PCM procymidone
PCZ propiconazole PER permethrin PGT propargite
PMT phosmet PYM pyrimethanil TBC tebuconazole
TME thiophanate-methyl
114
Table 16c. Residues detected in retail samples of PEACHES AND NECTARINES
purchased between October and November 2007 continued
The following pesticide(s) were actively sought but not found at or above their reporting limits (in
parentheses in mg/kg):
2-phenylphenol (0.02) ethiofencarb (0.02) myclobutanil (0.02) tetramethrin (0.02)
acephate (0.02) ethion (0.02) omethoate (0.02) tetreconazole (0.02)
acetamiprid (0.02) ethofumesate (0.02) oxadixyl (0.02) thiabendazole (0.02)
acrinathrin (0.05) ethoprophos (0.02) oxamyl (0.02) thiacloprid (0.02)
aldicarb (0.02) etrimfos (0.02) oxydemeton-methyl thiamethoxam (0.02)
aldrin (0.02) famoxadone (0.02) (0.02) tolclofos-methyl (0.02)
atrazine (0.02) fenarimol (0.02) paclobutrazol (0.02) tolylfluanid (0.02)
azoxystrobin (0.02) fenazaquin (0.02) parathion (0.02) triadimefon (0.02)
benalaxyl (0.02) fenitrothion (0.02) parathion-methyl triadimenol (0.02)
bendiocarb (0.02) fenoxycarb (0.02) (0.02) triazophos (0.02)
bifenthrin (0.02) fenpropathrin (0.02) penconazole (0.02) trifloxystrobin (0.02)
biphenyl (0.02) fenpropimorph (0.02) pencycuron (0.02) trifluralin (0.02)
boscalid (0.02) fenpyroximate (0.02) pendimethalin (0.02) vinclozolin (0.02)
bromopropylate (0.02) fenthion (0.02) phenthoate (0.02) zoxamide (0.02)
bromoxynil (0.02) fenvalerate (0.02) phorate (0.02)
bupirimate (0.02) fipronil (0.02) phosalone (0.02)
buprofezin (0.02) flufenacet (0.02) phosphamidon (0.02)
cadusafos (0.02) flusilazole (0.02) picoxystrobin (0.02)
carbofuran (0.01) folpet (0.05) pirimicarb (0.02)
carbosulfan (0.01) fonofos (0.02) pirimiphos-ethyl (0.02)
chlorfenvinphos (0.02) formothion (0.02) pirimiphos-methyl
chlorobenzilate (0.02) fosthiazate (0.02) (0.02)
chlorothalonil (0.01) furalaxyl (0.02) prochloraz (0.02)
chlorotoluron (0.02) furathiocarb (0.02) profenofos (0.02)
chlorpropham (0.02) heptenophos (0.02) propham (0.02)
chlorpyrifos (0.02) hexaconazole (0.02) propoxur (0.02)
chlorthal-dimethyl hexythiazox (0.02) propyzamide (0.02)
(0.02) imazalil (0.02) prothiofos (0.02)
chlozolinate (0.02) imidacloprid (0.02) pymetrozine (0.02)
cyfluthrin (0.05) indoxacarb (0.02) pyraclostrobin (0.02)
cymoxanil (0.02) iprovalicarb (0.02) pyrazophos (0.02)
cyproconazole (0.02) isazophos (0.02) pyrethrins (0.02)
DDT (0.02) isocarbophos (0.02) pyridaben (0.02)
deltamethrin (0.05) isofenphos (0.02) pyridaphenthion
diazinon (0.02) isofenphos-methyl (0.02)
dichlofluanid (0.02) (0.02) pyrifenox (0.02)
dichlorvos (0.02) kresoxim-methyl pyriproxifen (0.02)
dicloran (0.02) (0.02) quassia (0.02)
dicofol (0.05) lindane (0.02) quinalphos (0.02)
dicrotophos (0.02) malathion (0.02) quinoxyfen (0.02)
dieldrin (0.02) mecarbam (0.02) quintozene (0.02)
diethofencarb (0.02) mepanipyrim (0.02) rotenone (0.02)
difenoconazole (0.02) metalaxyl (0.02) simazine (0.02)
diflubenzuron (0.02) methacrifos (0.02) spinosad (0.02)
dimethoate (0.02) methamidophos spiroxamine (0.02)
dimethomorph (0.02) (0.01) tau-fluvalinate (0.02)
dimoxystrobin (0.02) methidathion (0.02) tebufenozide (0.02)
diphenylamine (0.02) methiocarb (0.02) tebufenpyrad (0.02)
disulfoton (0.02) methomyl (0.02) tecnazene (0.02)
diuron (0.02) methoxychlor (0.02) tefluthrin (0.02)
endosulfan (0.02) metolcarb (0.02) tetrachlorvinphos
EPN (0.02) mevinphos (0.02) (0.02)
epoxiconazole (0.02) monocrotophos (0.02) tetradifon (0.02)
115
Table 17a. Residues detected in retail samples of TINNED PEACHES purchased
between October and November 2007
Commodity/Pesticide Concentration range (mg/kg) Number of samples in range
TINNED PEACHES, Imported (Non-EC): 4 samples analysed
None found - 4
TINNED PEACHES, Imported (EC): 44 samples analysed
cyprodinil <0.02 (i.e. not found) 43
(No MRL) 0.03 1
fenthion <0.02 (i.e. not found) 43
(No MRL) 0.04 1
Imported (EC) samples of tinned peaches were from Greece (25), Spain (19).
Imported (Non-EC) samples of tinned peaches were from South Africa (4).
Residues were distributed by country of origin, as follows:
cyprodinil Spain (1)
fenthion Spain (1)
No residues were found in any of the Imported (Non-EC) samples
No residues were found in 42 of the 44 Imported (EC) samples
Table 17b. Residues detected in retail samples of TINNED PEACHES purchased
between October and November 2007 continued
Residues (1-1 compounds) were found in 2 of the 48 samples as follows:
Number of residues PRC Sample ID Residues found (mg/kg) Country of origin
CYD FNT
(1) 4177/2007 - 0.04 Spain
6507/2007 0.03 - Spain
The abbreviations used for the pesticide names are as follows:
CYD cyprodinil FNT fenthion
116
Table 17c. Residues detected in retail samples of TINNED PEACHES purchased
between October and November 2007 continued
The following pesticide(s) were actively sought but not found at or above their reporting limits (in parentheses in
mg/kg):
dimethomorph (0.02) methacrifos (0.02) simazine (0.02)
dimoxystrobin (0.02) methamidophos (0.01) spinosad (0.02)
2-phenylphenol (0.02) diphenylamine (0.02) methidathion (0.02) spiroxamine (0.02)
acephate (0.02) disulfoton (0.02) methiocarb (0.02) tau-fluvalinate (0.02)
acetamiprid (0.02) diuron (0.02) methomyl (0.02) tebuconazole (0.02)
acrinathrin (0.05) endosulfan (0.02) methoxychlor (0.02) tebufenozide (0.02)
aldicarb (0.02) EPN (0.02) metolcarb (0.02) tebufenpyrad (0.02)
aldrin (0.02) epoxiconazole (0.02) mevinphos (0.02) tecnazene (0.02)
atrazine (0.02) ethiofencarb (0.02) monocrotophos (0.02) tefluthrin (0.02)
azinphos-methyl (0.02) ethion (0.02) myclobutanil (0.02) tetrachlorvinphos (0.02)
azoxystrobin (0.02) ethofumesate (0.02) omethoate (0.02) tetradifon (0.02)
benalaxyl (0.02) ethoprophos (0.02) oxadixyl (0.02) tetramethrin (0.02)
bendiocarb (0.02) etrimfos (0.02) oxamyl (0.02) tetreconazole (0.02)
bifenthrin (0.02) famoxadone (0.02) oxydemeton-methyl thiabendazole (0.02)
biphenyl (0.02) fenarimol (0.02) (0.02) thiacloprid (0.02)
bitertanol (0.02) fenazaquin (0.02) paclobutrazol (0.02) thiamethoxam (0.02)
boscalid (0.02) fenbuconazole (0.02) parathion (0.02) thiophanate-methyl
bromopropylate (0.02) fenhexamid (0.02) parathion-methyl (0.02) (0.02)
bromoxynil (0.02) fenitrothion (0.02) penconazole (0.02) tolclofos-methyl (0.02)
bupirimate (0.02) fenoxycarb (0.02) pencycuron (0.02) tolylfluanid (0.02)
buprofezin (0.02) fenpropathrin (0.02) pendimethalin (0.02) triadimefon (0.02)
cadusafos (0.02) fenpropimorph (0.02) permethrin (0.02) triadimenol (0.02)
captan (0.05) fenpyroximate (0.02) phenthoate (0.02) triazophos (0.02)
carbaryl (0.02) fenvalerate (0.02) phorate (0.02) trifloxystrobin (0.02)
carbendazim (0.02) fipronil (0.02) phosalone (0.02) trifluralin (0.02)
carbofuran (0.01) fludioxonil (0.02) phosmet (0.02) vinclozolin (0.02)
carbosulfan (0.01) flufenacet (0.02) phosphamidon (0.02) zoxamide (0.02)
chlorfenvinphos (0.02) flusilazole (0.02) picoxystrobin (0.02)
chlorobenzilate (0.02) folpet (0.05) pirimicarb (0.02)
chlorothalonil (0.01) fonofos (0.02) pirimiphos-ethyl (0.02)
chlorotoluron (0.02) formothion (0.02) pirimiphos-methyl
chlorpropham (0.02) fosthiazate (0.02) (0.02)
chlorpyrifos (0.02) furalaxyl (0.02) prochloraz (0.02)
chlorpyrifos-methyl furathiocarb (0.02) procymidone (0.02)
(0.02) heptenophos (0.02) profenofos (0.02)
chlorthal-dimethyl hexaconazole (0.02) propargite (0.02)
(0.02) hexythiazox (0.02) propham (0.02)
chlozolinate (0.02) imazalil (0.02) propiconazole (0.02)
cyfluthrin (0.05) imidacloprid (0.02) propoxur (0.02)
cymoxanil (0.02) indoxacarb (0.02) propyzamide (0.02)
cypermethrin (0.05) iprodione (0.02) prothiofos (0.02)
cyproconazole (0.02) iprovalicarb (0.02) pymetrozine (0.02)
DDT (0.02) isazophos (0.02) pyraclostrobin (0.02)
deltamethrin (0.05) isocarbophos (0.02) pyrazophos (0.02)
diazinon (0.02) isofenphos (0.02) pyrethrins (0.02)
dichlofluanid (0.02) isofenphos-methyl pyridaben (0.02)
dichlorvos (0.02) (0.02) pyridaphenthion (0.02)
dicloran (0.02) kresoxim-methyl (0.02) pyrifenox (0.02)
dicofol (0.05) lambda-cyhalothrin pyrimethanil (0.02)
dicrotophos (0.02) (0.02) pyriproxifen (0.02)
dieldrin (0.02) lindane (0.02) quassia (0.02)
diethofencarb (0.02) malathion (0.02) quinalphos (0.02)
difenoconazole (0.02) mecarbam (0.02) quinoxyfen (0.02)
diflubenzuron (0.02) mepanipyrim (0.02) quintozene (0.02)
dimethoate (0.02) metalaxyl (0.02) rotenone (0.02)
117
Table 18a. Residues detected in retail samples of PEARS purchased between July and
December 2007
Commodity/Pesticide Concentration range (mg/kg) Number of samples in range
PEARS, UK: 35 samples analysed
boscalid <0.02 (i.e. not found) 20
(UK tMRL = 1) 0.03 - 0.2 15
captan <0.05 (i.e. not found) 33
(MRL = 3) 0.06, 0.3 2
carbendazim <0.02 (i.e. not found) 33
(MRL = 0.2) 0.03, 0.05 2
diethofencarb <0.02 (i.e. not found) 34
(MRL = 1) 0.05 1
diflubenzuron <0.02 (i.e. not found) 27
(CAC MRL = 5) 0.03 - 0.1 8
diphenylamine <0.02 (i.e. not found) 34
(MRL = 10) 0.06 1
dithiocarbamates † <0.05 (i.e. not found) 5
(MRL = 3) 0.05 - 0.4 9
fenoxycarb <0.02 (i.e. not found) 34
(No MRL) 0.02 1
indoxacarb <0.02 (i.e. not found) 34
(MRL = 0.3) 0.02 1
iprodione <0.02 (i.e. not found) 30
(MRL = 5) 0.05 - 1.1 5
metalaxyl <0.02 (i.e. not found) 34
(MRL = 1) 0.04 1
myclobutanil <0.02 (i.e. not found) 34
(MRL = 0.5) 0.02 1
pyraclostrobin <0.02 (i.e. not found) 20
(MRL = 0.3) 0.02 - 0.2 15
PEARS, Imported (Non-EC): 12 samples analysed
azinphos-methyl <0.02 (i.e. not found) 7
(MRL = 0.5) 0.04 - 0.2 5
captan <0.05 (i.e. not found) 10
(MRL = 3) 0.7, 1 2
diphenylamine <0.02 (i.e. not found) 6
(MRL = 10) 0.03 - 0.6 6
Dithiocarbamates † <0.05 (i.e. not found) 3
(MRL = 3) 0.09 - 0.6 4
118
Commodity/Pesticide Concentration range (mg/kg) Number of samples in range
imazalil <0.02 (i.e. not found) 11
(MRL = 5) 0.2 1
indoxacarb <0.02 (i.e. not found) 11
(No MRL) 0.05 1
iprodione <0.02 (i.e. not found) 10
(MRL = 5) 0.6, 0.7 2
lambda-cyhalothrin <0.02 (i.e. not found) 11
(MRL = 0.1) 0.04 1
phosmet <0.02 (i.e. not found) 11
(CAC MRL = 10) 0.1 1
pyrimethanil <0.02 (i.e. not found) 11
(MRL = 5) 0.08 1
thiabendazole <0.02 (i.e. not found) 11
(MRL = 5) 1.3 1
PEARS, Imported (EC): 52 samples analysed
azinphos-methyl <0.02 (i.e. not found) 39
(MRL = 0.5) 0.02 - 0.2 13
boscalid <0.02 (i.e. not found) 29
(UK tMRL = 1) 0.02 - 0.1 23
bromopropylate <0.02 (i.e. not found) 51
(MRL = 2) 0.02 1
captan <0.05 (i.e. not found) 41
(MRL = 3) 0.05 - 0.2 11
carbendazim <0.02 (i.e. not found) 35
(MRL = 0.2) 0.02 - 0.2 17
chlorpyrifos <0.02 (i.e. not found) 50
(MRL = 0.5) 0.02, 0.04 2
diethofencarb <0.02 (i.e. not found) 48
(MRL = 1) 0.03 - 0.05 4
difenoconazole <0.02 (i.e. not found) 51
(No MRL) 0.06 1
diphenylamine <0.02 (i.e. not found) 48
(MRL = 10) 0.4 - 1.5 4
dithiocarbamates † <0.05 (i.e. not found) 7
(MRL = 3) 0.05 - 1.7 20
dodine <0.02 (i.e. not found) 51
(CAC MRL = 5) 0.06 1
folpet <0.05 (i.e. not found) 48
(MRL = 3) 0.1 - 2 4
imazalil <0.02 (i.e. not found) 48
(MRL = 5) 0.3 - 0.6 4
119
Commodity/Pesticide Concentration range (mg/kg) Number of samples in range
indoxacarb <0.02 (i.e. not found) 50
(No MRL) 0.03, 0.06 2
malathion <0.02 (i.e. not found) 50
(MRL = 0.5) 0.02, 0.06 2
phosmet <0.02 (i.e. not found) 42
(CAC MRL = 10) 0.02 - 0.2 10
procymidone <0.02 (i.e. not found) 51
(MRL = 1) 0.07 1
pyraclostrobin <0.02 (i.e. not found) 35
(MRL = 0.3) 0.02 - 0.1 17
thiacloprid <0.02 (i.e. not found) 51
(MRL = 0.3) 0.1 1
thiophanate-methyl <0.02 (i.e. not found) 49
(MRL = 0.5) 0.02 - 0.1 3
tolylfluanid <0.02 (i.e. not found) 50
(CAC MRL = 5) 0.08, 0.1 2
† Residue not sought in all samples
Imported (EC) samples of pears were from Belgium (10), France (1), Italy (16), Portugal (8), the Netherlands (17).
Imported (Non-EC) samples of pears were from Argentina (2), Chile (1), South Africa (8), USA (1).
UK samples of pears (35).
Residues were distributed by country of origin, as follows:
azinphos-methyl Argentina (1), France (1), Italy (12), South Africa (3), USA (1)
boscalid Belgium (7), Italy (3), the Netherlands (13), UK (15)
bromopropylate Italy (1)
captan Argentina (1), Belgium (3), Italy (6), the Netherlands (2), UK (2), USA (1)
carbendazim Belgium (6), the Netherlands (11), UK (2)
chlorpyrifos Portugal (2)
diethofencarb Belgium (3), the Netherlands (1), UK (1)
diflubenzuron UK (8)
difenoconazole Belgium (1)
dodine Italy (1)
diphenylamine Argentina (1), Chile (1), Portugal (4), South Africa (4), UK (1)
dithiocarbamates Belgium (6), France (1), Italy (9), Portugal (2), South Africa (3), the Netherlands (2),
UK (9), USA (1)
fenoxycarb UK (1)
folpet Portugal (4)
indoxacarb Italy (1), the Netherlands (1), UK (1), USA (1)
imazalil Chile (1), Portugal (4)
iprodione South Africa (2), UK (5)
lambda-cyhalothrin Argentina (1)
malathion Portugal (2)
metalaxyl UK (1)
myclobutanil UK (1)
procymidone Italy (1)
phosmet Italy (5), Portugal (5), USA (1)
pyraclostrobin Belgium (6), the Netherlands (11), UK (15)
pyrimethanil Chile (1)
thiabendazole Argentina (1)
thiacloprid Portugal (1)
thiophanate-methyl Belgium (2), the Netherlands (1)
tolylfluanid the Netherlands (2)
No residues were found in 9 of the 35 UK samples
No residues were found in 4 of the 12 Imported (Non-EC) samples
No residues were found in 5 of the 52 Imported (EC) samples
120
Table 18b. Residues detected in retail samples of PEARS purchased between July and December 2007 continued
Residues (1-7 compounds) were found in 81 of the 99 samples as follows:
Number of PRC Sample Residues found (mg/kg) Country of
residues ID origin
AZM
BOS
BPP
CAP
CBZ
CPF
DEFC
DIF
DIFC
DOD
DPA
DTC
FEO
FPET
IDX
IMZ
IPR
LCY
MAL
MTX
MYC
PCM
PMT
PYC
PYM
TBZ
THC
TME
TOL
(1) 4165/2007 - - - - - - - - - - - 0.4 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - UK
4183/2007 - - - - - - - - - - - 0.08 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - UK
4262/2007 - - - - - - - - - - - 0.08 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - UK
4283/2007 - - - - - - - - - - - 0.1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - UK
5150/2007 - - - - - - - - - - - 0.1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - UK
5444/2007 - - - - - - - 0.08 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - UK
8364/2007 - - - - - - - - - - 0.06 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - UK
9907/2007 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.7 - - - - - - - - - - - - UK
9930/2007 - - - - - - - - - - - 0.05 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - UK
5392/2007 - - - - - - - - - - 0.04 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - South
Africa
5412/2007 - - - - - - - - - - 0.6 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - South
Africa
5147/2007 - - - - - - - - - - - 0.4 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Belgium
5308/2007 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.05 - - - - - - Italy
8223/2007 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.2 - - - - - - Portugal
8363/2007 - - - - - 0.04 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Portugal
9830/2007 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.1 - - Portugal
9979/2007 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.1 - - - - - - Portugal
7584/2007 - 0.03 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - the
Netherlands
(2) 4120/2007 - 0.08 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.05 - - - - - UK
8008/2007 - - - 0.3 - - - 0.1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - UK
8135/2007 - 0.06 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.05 - - - - - UK
8419/2007 - 0.05 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.03 - - - - - UK
9851/2007 - 0.2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.1 - - - - - UK
9889/2007 - - - 0.06 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.02 - - - - - - - - UK
5443/2007 0.04 - - - - - - - - - - 0.6 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - South
Africa
9888/2007 0.04 - - - - - - - - - - 0.1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - France
4242/2007 0.09 - - 0.05 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Italy
121
Number of PRC Sample Residues found (mg/kg) Country of
residues ID origin
AZM
BOS
BPP
CAP
CBZ
CPF
DEFC
DIF
DIFC
DOD
DPA
DTC
FEO
FPET
IDX
IMZ
IPR
LCY
MAL
MTX
MYC
PCM
PMT
PYC
PYM
TBZ
THC
TME
TOL
5418/2007 0.05 - - 0.08 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Italy
5442/2007 0.05 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.03 - - - - - - Italy
8007/2007 0.04 - - - - - - - - - - 1.7 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Italy
4166/2007 - 0.02 - - 0.04 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - the
Netherlands
5154/2007 - - - - 0.2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.08 the
Netherlands
9850/2007 - 0.03 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.04 - - - - - the
Netherlands
(3) 4146/2007 - 0.1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.6 - - - - - - 0.1 - - - - - UK
8055/2007 - 0.07 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.05 - - - - - - 0.04 - - - - - UK
8400/2007 - 0.2 - - - - - 0.1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.2 - - - - - UK
9906/2007 - 0.03 - - 0.03 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.04 - - - - - UK
9908/2007 - 0.09 - - - - - 0.03 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.1 - - - - - UK
5214/2007 - - - - - - - - - - 0.3 - - - - 0.2 - - - - - - - - 0.08 - - - - Chile
5248/2007 - - - - 0.09 - 0.05 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.1 - Belgium
5407/2007 - 0.03 - - - - - - - - - 0.2 - - - - - - - - - - - 0.02 - - - - - Belgium
5462/2007 - 0.03 - 0.06 0.02 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Belgium
5476/2007 - 0.09 - - 0.03 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.1 - - - - - Belgium
8420/2007 - 0.02 - - - - - - - - - 0.05 - - - - - - - - - - - 0.03 - - - - - Belgium
5358/2007 0.02 0.03 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.04 - - - - - - Italy
5382/2007 0.04 - - 0.1 - - - - - - - 0.5 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Italy
8362/2007 0.03 - - - - - - - - - - 0.5 - - 0.03 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Italy
8494/2007 0.06 0.02 - - - - - - - - - 0.4 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Italy
9158/2007 - 0.07 - - - - - - - - - 0.3 - - - - - - - - - 0.07 - - - - - - - Italy
9829/2007 0.03 - - - - - - - - - - 0.2 - - - - - - - - - - 0.04 - - - - - - Italy
9928/2007 0.06 - - 0.05 - - - - - - - 0.2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Italy
4134/2007 - 0.06 - - 0.06 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.04 - - - - - the
Netherlands
4202/2007 - 0.06 - - 0.03 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.04 - - - - - the
Netherlands
5145/2007 - - - - 0.03 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.02 0.1 the
Netherlands
8493/2007 - 0.03 - - 0.03 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.03 - - - - - the
Netherlands
8495/2007 - 0.07 - - 0.03 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.07 - - - - - the
Netherlands
122
Number of PRC Sample Residues found (mg/kg) Country of
residues ID origin
AZM
BOS
BPP
CAP
CBZ
CPF
DEFC
DIF
DIFC
DOD
DPA
DTC
FEO
FPET
IDX
IMZ
IPR
LCY
MAL
MTX
MYC
PCM
PMT
PYC
PYM
TBZ
THC
TME
TOL
9858/2007 - 0.07 - - - - - - - - - 0.07 - - - - - - - - - - - 0.07 - - - - - the
Netherlands
9929/2007 - 0.04 - - 0.05 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.03 - - - - - the
Netherlands
(4) 4135/2007 - 0.07 - - - - - 0.03 - - - 0.1 - - - - - - - - - - - 0.02 - - - - - UK
4182/2007 - 0.2 - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.02 - 0.7 - - - - - - 0.1 - - - - - UK
4243/2007 - 0.09 - - - - - 0.04 - - - 0.07 - - - - - - - - - - - 0.08 - - - - - UK
9978/2007 - 0.04 - - 0.05 - 0.05 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.04 - - - - - UK
5307/2007 0.04 - - - - - - - - - 0.2 0.09 - - - - 0.6 - - - - - - - - - - - - South
Africa
5445/2007 0.08 - - - - - - - - - 0.06 0.1 - - - - 0.7 - - - - - - - - - - - - South
Africa
9151/2007 0.2 - - 0.2 - - - - - 0.06 - 0.5 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Italy
7486/2007 - - - - - 0.02 - - - - 0.8 - - 0.7 - 0.5 - - - - - - - - - - - - - Portugal
5119/2007 - 0.04 - 0.05 0.07 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.03 - - - - - the
Netherlands
5464/2007 - 0.1 - 0.08 - - - - - - - - - - 0.06 - - - - - - - - 0.07 - - - - - the
Netherlands
8379/2007 - 0.07 - - 0.06 - 0.03 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.07 - - - - - the
Netherlands
9890/2007 - 0.05 - - 0.08 - - - - - - 0.07 - - - - - - - - - - - 0.05 - - - - - the
Netherlands
(5) 4222/2007 - 0.09 - - - - - 0.04 - - - - - - - - 1.1 - - 0.04 - - - 0.04 - - - - - UK
5095/2007 - 0.04 - - - - - 0.03 - - - 0.06 0.02 - - - - - - - - - - 0.03 - - - - - UK
5092/2007 0.1 - - 1 - - - - - - 0.03 - - - - - - 0.04 - - - - - - - 1.3 - - - Argentina
8398/2007 0.2 - - 0.7 - - - - - - - 0.3 - - 0.05 - - - - - - - 0.1 - - - - - - USA
9852/2007 - 0.05 - 0.07 0.05 - - - - - - 0.08 - - - - - - - - - - - 0.03 - - - - - Belgium
4282/2007 0.05 - 0.02 0.09 - - - - - - - 0.6 - - - - - - - - - - 0.02 - - - - - - Italy
4223/2007 - - - - - - - - - - 0.4 - - 0.2 - 0.3 - - 0.06 - - - 0.06 - - - - - - Portugal
8380/2007 - - - - - - - - - - 1.5 0.4 - 2 - 0.6 - - - - - - 0.07 - - - - - - Portugal
(6) 8134/2007 - 0.09 - - 0.1 - 0.05 - 0.06 - - 0.07 - - - - - - - - - - - 0.08 - - - - - Belgium
4121/2007 - - - - - - - - - - 0.7 0.2 - 0.1 - 0.5 - - 0.02 - - - 0.03 - - - - - - Portugal
(7) 8136/2007 - 0.08 - 0.08 0.08 - 0.04 - - - - 0.3 - - - - - - - - - - - 0.09 - - - 0.03 - Belgium
123
The abbreviations used for the pesticide names are as follows:
AZM azinphos-methyl BOS boscalid BPP bromopropylate
CAP captan CBZ carbendazim CPF chlorpyrifos
DEFC diethofencarb DIF diflubenzuron DIFC difenoconazole
DOD dodine DPA diphenylamine DTC dithiocarbamates
FEO fenoxycarb FPET folpet IDX indoxacarb
IMZ imazalil IPR iprodione LCY lambda-cyhalothrin
MAL malathion MTX metalaxyl MYC myclobutanil
PCM procymidone PMT phosmet PYC pyraclostrobin
PYM pyrimethanil TBZ thiabendazole THC thiacloprid
TME thiophanate-methyl TOL tolylfluanid
124
Table 18c. Residues detected in retail samples of PEARS purchased between July
and December 2007 continued
The following pesticide(s) were actively sought but not found at or above their reporting limits (in
parentheses in mg/kg):
ethiofencarb (0.02) oxydemeton-methyl tetramethrin (0.02)
2-phenylphenol (0.02) ethion (0.02) (0.02) tetreconazole (0.02)
acephate (0.02) ethofumesate (0.02) paclobutrazol (0.02) thiamethoxam (0.02)
acetamiprid (0.02) ethoprophos (0.02) parathion (0.02) thiodicarb (0.02)
acrinathrin (0.05) etrimfos (0.02) parathion-methyl tolclofos-methyl (0.02)
aldicarb (0.02) famoxadone (0.02) (0.02) triadimefon (0.02)
aldrin (0.02) fenarimol (0.02) penconazole (0.02) triadimenol (0.02)
atrazine (0.02) fenazaquin (0.02) pencycuron (0.02) triazamate (0.02)
azoxystrobin (0.02) fenbuconazole (0.02) pendimethalin (0.02) triazophos (0.02)
benalaxyl (0.02) fenhexamid (0.02) permethrin (0.02) trifloxystrobin (0.02)
bendiocarb (0.02) fenitrothion (0.02) phenthoate (0.02) trifluralin (0.02)
bifenthrin (0.02) fenpropathrin (0.02) phorate (0.02) vinclozolin (0.02)
biphenyl (0.02) fenpropimorph (0.02) phosalone (0.02) zoxamide (0.02)
bitertanol (0.02) fenpyroximate (0.02) phosphamidon (0.02)
bupirimate (0.02) fenthion (0.02) picoxystrobin (0.02)
buprofezin (0.02) fenvalerate (0.02) pirimicarb (0.02)
cadusafos (0.02) fipronil (0.02) pirimiphos-ethyl (0.02)
carbaryl (0.02) fludioxonil (0.02) pirimiphos-methyl
carbofuran (0.01) flufenacet (0.02) (0.02)
carbosulfan (0.01) flusilazole (0.02) prochloraz (0.02)
chlorfenvinphos (0.02) fonofos (0.02) profenofos (0.02)
chlormequat (0.05) formothion (0.02) propamocarb (0.02)
chlorobenzilate (0.02) fosthiazate (0.02) propargite (0.02)
chlorothalonil (0.01) furalaxyl (0.02) propham (0.02)
chlorotoluron (0.02) furathiocarb (0.02) propiconazole (0.02)
chlorpropham (0.02) heptenophos (0.02) propoxur (0.02)
chlorpyrifos-methyl hexaconazole (0.02) propyzamide (0.02)
(0.02) hexythiazox (0.02) prothiofos (0.02)
chlorthal-dimethyl imidacloprid (0.02) pymetrozine (0.02)
(0.02) iprovalicarb (0.02) pyrazophos (0.02)
chlozolinate (0.02) isazophos (0.02) pyrethrins (0.02)
cyfluthrin (0.05) isocarbophos (0.02) pyridaben (0.02)
cymoxanil (0.02) isofenphos (0.02) pyridaphenthion
cypermethrin (0.05) isofenphos-methyl (0.02)
cyproconazole (0.02) (0.02) pyrifenox (0.02)
cyprodinil (0.02) kresoxim-methyl pyriproxifen (0.02)
DDT (0.02) (0.02) quassia (0.02)
deltamethrin (0.05) lindane (0.02) quinalphos (0.02)
diazinon (0.02) mecarbam (0.02) quinoxyfen (0.02)
dichlofluanid (0.02) mepanipyrim (0.02) quintozene (0.02)
dichlorvos (0.02) methacrifos (0.02) rotenone (0.02)
dicloran (0.02) methamidophos simazine (0.02)
dicofol (0.05) (0.01) spinosad (0.02)
dicrotophos (0.02) methidathion (0.02) spiroxamine (0.02)
dieldrin (0.02) methiocarb (0.02) tau-fluvalinate (0.02)
dimethoate (0.02) methomyl (0.02) tebuconazole (0.02)
dimethomorph (0.02) metolcarb (0.02) tebufenozide (0.02)
dimoxystrobin (0.02) mevinphos (0.02) tebufenpyrad (0.02)
disulfoton (0.02) monocrotophos (0.02) tecnazene (0.02)
diuron (0.02) omethoate (0.02) tefluthrin (0.02)
endosulfan (0.02) oxadixyl (0.02) tetrachlorvinphos
EPN (0.02) oxamyl (0.02) (0.02)
epoxiconazole (0.02) tetradifon (0.02)
125
Table 19a. Residues detected in retail samples of PEPPERS purchased between
October and November 2007
Commodity/Pesticide Concentration range (mg/kg) Number of samples in range
PEPPERS, Imported (Non-EC): 5 samples analysed
azoxystrobin <0.02 (i.e. not found) 4
(MRL = 2) 0.06 1
bifenthrin <0.02 (i.e. not found) 4
(MRL = 0.2) 0.04 1
imidacloprid <0.02 (i.e. not found) 3
(CAC MRL = 1) 0.1, 0.1 2
tebufenpyrad <0.02 (i.e. not found) 4
(No MRL) 0.05 1
triadimenol <0.02 (i.e. not found) 4
(MRL = 0.5) 0.05 1
PEPPERS, Imported (EC): 31 samples analysed
azoxystrobin <0.02 (i.e. not found) 30
(MRL = 2) 0.2 1
chlorpyrifos <0.02 (i.e. not found) 30
(MRL = 0.5) 0.05 1
imidacloprid <0.02 (i.e. not found) 26
(CAC MRL = 1) 0.05 - 0.08 5
propamocarb <0.02 (i.e. not found) 30
(No MRL) 0.04 1
pyriproxifen <0.02 (i.e. not found) 30
(No MRL) 0.02 1
triadimenol <0.02 (i.e. not found) 29
(MRL = 0.5) 0.02, 0.03 2
Imported (EC) samples of peppers were from Belgium (1), Spain (25), the Netherlands (5).
Imported (Non-EC) samples of peppers were from Israel (3), Morocco (2).
Residues were distributed by country of origin, as follows:
azoxystrobin Israel (1), the Netherlands (1)
bifenthrin Israel (1)
chlorpyrifos Spain (1)
imidacloprid Israel (2), Spain (5)
propamocarb Spain (1)
pyriproxifen Spain (1)
tebufenpyrad Israel (1)
triadimenol Israel (1), Spain (2)
No residues were found in 2 of the 5 Imported (Non-EC) samples
No residues were found in 23 of the 31 Imported (EC) samples
126
Table 19b. Residues detected in retail samples of PEPPERS purchased between
October and November 2007 continued
Residues (1-4 compounds) were found in 11 of the 36 samples as follows:
Number of PRC Sample Residues found (mg/kg) Country of
residues ID origin
AZOX BIF CPF IMI PCB PYX TEBF TRIA
(1) 5436/2007 - - - 0.1 - - - - Israel
8075/2007 - - - - - - - 0.05 Israel
5357/2007 - - - - - - - 0.03 Spain
5474/2007 - - - - 0.04 - - - Spain
5481/2007 - - - 0.06 - - - - Spain
8056/2007 - - - 0.08 - - - - Spain
8076/2007 - - - 0.06 - - - - Spain
5489/2007 0.2 - - - - - - - the
Netherlands
(2) 8058/2007 - - 0.05 0.05 - - - - Spain
(3) 5483/2007 - - - 0.05 - 0.02 - 0.02 Spain
(4) 5393/2007 0.06 0.04 - 0.1 - - 0.05 - Israel
The abbreviations used for the pesticide names are as follows:
AZOX azoxystrobin BIF bifenthrin CPF chlorpyrifos
IMI imidacloprid PCB propamocarb PYX pyriproxifen
TEBF tebufenpyrad TRIA triadimenol
127
Table 19c. Residues detected in samples of PEPPERS obtained between October
and November 2007 continued
The following pesticide(s) were actively sought but not found at or above their reporting limits (in
parentheses in mg/kg):2-phenylphenol (0.02)
acephate (0.02) endosulfan (0.02) methoxychlor (0.02) tefluthrin (0.02)
acetamiprid (0.02) EPN (0.02) metolcarb (0.02) tetrachlorvinphos (0.02)
acrinathrin (0.05) epoxiconazole (0.02) mevinphos (0.02) tetradifon (0.02)
aldicarb (0.02) ethiofencarb (0.02) monocrotophos (0.02) tetramethrin (0.02)
aldrin (0.02) ethion (0.02) myclobutanil (0.02) tetreconazole (0.02)
atrazine (0.02) ethofumesate (0.02) omethoate (0.02) thiabendazole (0.02)
azinphos-methyl (0.02) ethoprophos (0.02) oxadixyl (0.02) thiacloprid (0.02)
benalaxyl (0.02) etrimfos (0.02) oxamyl (0.02) thiamethoxam (0.02)
bendiocarb (0.02) famoxadone (0.02) oxydemeton-methyl thiodicarb (0.02)
biphenyl (0.02) fenarimol (0.02) (0.02) thiophanate-methyl
bitertanol (0.02) fenazaquin (0.02) paclobutrazol (0.02) (0.02)
boscalid (0.02) fenbuconazole (0.02) parathion (0.02) tolclofos-methyl (0.02)
bromopropylate (0.02) fenhexamid (0.02) parathion-methyl (0.02) tolylfluanid (0.02)
bupirimate (0.02) fenitrothion (0.02) penconazole (0.02) triadimefon (0.02)
buprofezin (0.02) fenoxycarb (0.02) pencycuron (0.02) triazamate (0.02)
cadusafos (0.02) fenpropathrin (0.02) pendimethalin (0.02) triazophos (0.02)
captan (0.05) fenpropimorph (0.02) permethrin (0.02) trifloxystrobin (0.02)
carbaryl (0.02) fenpyroximate (0.02) phenthoate (0.02) trifluralin (0.02)
carbendazim (0.02) fenthion (0.02) phorate (0.02) vinclozolin (0.02)
carbofuran (0.01) fenvalerate (0.02) phosalone (0.02) zoxamide (0.02)
carbosulfan (0.01) fipronil (0.02) phosmet (0.02)
chlorfenvinphos (0.02) fludioxonil (0.02) phosphamidon (0.02)
chlorobenzilate (0.02) flufenacet (0.02) picoxystrobin (0.02)
chlorothalonil (0.01) flusilazole (0.02) pirimicarb (0.02)
chlorotoluron (0.02) folpet (0.05) pirimiphos-ethyl (0.02)
chlorpropham (0.02) fonofos (0.02) pirimiphos-methyl (0.02)
chlorpyrifos-methyl formothion (0.02) prochloraz (0.02)
(0.02) fosthiazate (0.02) procymidone (0.02)
chlorthal-dimethyl (0.02) furalaxyl (0.02) profenofos (0.02)
chlozolinate (0.02) furathiocarb (0.02) propargite (0.02)
cyfluthrin (0.05) heptenophos (0.02) propham (0.02)
cymoxanil (0.02) hexaconazole (0.02) propiconazole (0.02)
cypermethrin (0.05) hexythiazox (0.02) propoxur (0.02)
cyproconazole (0.02) imazalil (0.02) propyzamide (0.02)
cyprodinil (0.02) indoxacarb (0.02) prothiofos (0.02)
DDT (0.02) iprodione (0.02) pymetrozine (0.02)
deltamethrin (0.05) iprovalicarb (0.02) pyraclostrobin (0.02)
diazinon (0.02) isazophos (0.02) pyrazophos (0.02)
dichlofluanid (0.02) isocarbophos (0.02) pyrethrins (0.02)
dichlorvos (0.02) isofenphos (0.02) pyridaben (0.02)
dicloran (0.02) isofenphos-methyl pyridaphenthion (0.02)
dicofol (0.05) (0.02) pyrifenox (0.02)
dicrotophos (0.02) kresoxim-methyl (0.02) pyrimethanil (0.02)
dieldrin (0.02) lambda-cyhalothrin quassia (0.02)
diethofencarb (0.02) (0.02) quinalphos (0.02)
difenoconazole (0.02) lindane (0.02) quinoxyfen (0.02)
diflubenzuron (0.02) malathion (0.02) quintozene (0.02)
dimethoate (0.02) mecarbam (0.02) rotenone (0.02)
dimethomorph (0.02) mepanipyrim (0.02) simazine (0.02)
dimoxystrobin (0.02) metalaxyl (0.02) spinosad (0.02)
diphenylamine (0.02) methacrifos (0.02) spiroxamine (0.02)
disulfoton (0.02) methamidophos (0.01) tau-fluvalinate (0.02)
dithiocarbamates (0.05) methidathion (0.02) tebuconazole (0.02)
diuron (0.02) methiocarb (0.02) tebufenozide (0.02)
dodine (0.02) methomyl (0.02) tecnazene (0.02)
128
Table 20. Residues detected in retail samples of PORK purchased between October
and December 2007
Commodity/Pesticide Concentration range (mg/kg) Number of samples in range
PORK, UK: 35 samples analysed
None found - 35
PORK, Imported (EC): 14 samples analysed
None found - 14
Imported (EC) samples of pork were from Denmark (6), France (3), the Netherlands (5).
UK samples of pork were (35).
No residues were found in any of the UK samples
No residues were found in any of the Imported (EC) samples
The following pesticide(s) were actively sought but not found at or above their reporting limits (in parentheses in
mg/kg):
aldrin (0.002) DDT (0.002) heptachlor (0.002)
alpha-HCH (0.002) dieldrin (0.002) hexachlorobenzene (0.002)
beta-HCH (0.002) endosulfan (0.002) lindane (0.002)
chlordane (0.002) endrin (0.002)
129
Table 21a. Residues detected in samples of POTATOES obtained between June and
December 2007
Commodity/Pesticide Concentration range (mg/kg) Number of samples in range
POTATOES, MAINCROP UK: 65 samples analysed
chlorpropham <0.02 (i.e. not found) 57
(MRL = 10) 0.03 - 3.4 8
fosthiazate <0.02 (i.e. not found) 62
(MRL = 0.02*) 0.03, 0.04, 0.05 3
maleic hydrazide <1 (i.e. not found) 58
(MRL = 50) 4.8 - 16 7
propamocarb <0.02 (i.e. not found) 62
(No MRL) 0.02, 0.02, 0.03 3
thiabendazole <0.02 (i.e. not found) 64
(MRL = 15) 0.02 1
POTATOES, NEW UK: 8 samples analysed
None found - 8
POTATOES, NEW Imported (Non-EC): 2 samples analysed
None found - 2
POTATOES, NEW Imported (EC): 3 samples analysed
None found - 3
NOTE: * Indicates MRL is set to the Limit Of Detection.
Imported (EC) samples of potatoes were from France (1), Spain (1), the Netherlands (1).
Imported (Non-EC) samples of potatoes were from Israel (2).
UK samples of potatoes were (73).
Residues were distributed by country of origin, as follows:
chlorpropham UK (8)
fosthiazate UK (3)
maleic hydrazide UK (7)
propamocarb UK (3)
thiabendazole UK (1)
No residues were found in 45 of the 65 UK maincrop samples
No residues were found in any of the UK new samples
No residues were found in any of the Imported (Non-EC) new samples
No residues were found in any of the Imported (EC) new samples
130
Table 21b. Residues detected in samples of POTATOES obtained
between June and December 2007 continued
Residues (1-2 compounds) were found in 20 of the 78 samples as follows:
Number of PRC Type of Residues found (mg/kg) Country of
residues Sample ID POTATOES origin
CPP FOST MH PCB TBZ
(1) 5502/2007 MAINCROP - - 12 - - UK
5503/2007 MAINCROP - - 16 - - UK
5504/2007 MAINCROP - - 13 - - UK
5513/2007 MAINCROP 0.3 - - - - UK
5529/2007 MAINCROP 3.4 - - - - UK
5554/2007 MAINCROP 3.3 - - - - UK
5561/2007 MAINCROP - - - 0.02 - UK
5565/2007 MAINCROP - - - 0.03 - UK
5568/2007 MAINCROP - - 12 - - UK
5571/2007 MAINCROP - - 7.4 - - UK
5575/2007 MAINCROP - 0.05 - - - UK
5579/2007 MAINCROP - 0.04 - - - UK
5607/2007 MAINCROP - - - 0.02 - UK
5614/2007 MAINCROP - 0.03 - - - UK
5635/2007 MAINCROP - - - - 0.02 UK
5650/2007 MAINCROP 0.07 - - - - UK
5686/2007 MAINCROP 0.5 - - - - UK
5696/2007 MAINCROP 0.03 - - - - UK
(2) 5518/2007 MAINCROP 1.2 - 10 - - UK
5687/2007 MAINCROP 1.1 - 4.8 - - UK
The abbreviations used for the pesticide names are as follows:
CPP chlorpropham FOST fosthiazate MH maleic hydrazide
PCB propamocarb TBZ thiabendazole
131
Table 21c. Residues detected in retail samples of POTATOES purchased between
July and December 2007 continued
The following pesticide(s) were actively sought but not found at or above their reporting limits (in
parentheses in mg/kg):
2-phenylphenol (0.02) difenoconazole (0.02) isofenphos-methyl propiconazole (0.02)
acephate (0.02) diflubenzuron (0.02) (0.02) propoxur (0.02)
acetamiprid (0.02) dimethoate (0.02) kresoxim-methyl propyzamide (0.02)
acrinathrin (0.05) dimethomorph (0.02) (0.02) prothiofos (0.02)
aldicarb (0.02) dimoxystrobin (0.02) lambda-cyhalothrin pymetrozine (0.02)
aldrin (0.02) diphenylamine (0.02) (0.02) pyraclostrobin (0.02)
atrazine (0.02) disulfoton (0.02) lindane (0.02) pyrazophos (0.02)
azinphos-methyl diuron (0.02) malathion (0.02) pyrethrins (0.02)
(0.02) dodine (0.02) mecarbam (0.02) pyridaben (0.02)
azoxystrobin (0.02) endosulfan (0.02) mepanipyrim (0.02) pyridaphenthion
benalaxyl (0.02) EPN (0.02) metalaxyl (0.02) (0.02)
bendiocarb (0.02) epoxiconazole (0.02) methacrifos (0.02) pyrifenox (0.02)
bifenthrin (0.02) ethiofencarb (0.02) methamidophos pyrimethanil (0.02)
biphenyl (0.02) ethion (0.02) (0.01) pyriproxifen (0.02)
bitertanol (0.02) ethofumesate (0.02) methidathion (0.02) quassia (0.02)
boscalid (0.02) ethoprophos (0.02) methiocarb (0.02) quinalphos (0.02)
bromopropylate (0.02) etrimfos (0.02) methomyl (0.02) quinoxyfen (0.02)
bupirimate (0.02) famoxadone (0.02) methoxychlor (0.02) quintozene (0.02)
buprofezin (0.02) fenarimol (0.02) metolcarb (0.02) rotenone (0.02)
cadusafos (0.02) fenazaquin (0.02) mevinphos (0.02) simazine (0.02)
captan (0.05) fenbuconazole (0.02) monocrotophos (0.02) spinosad (0.02)
carbaryl (0.02) fenhexamid (0.02) myclobutanil (0.02) spiroxamine (0.02)
carbendazim (0.02) fenitrothion (0.02) omethoate (0.02) tau-fluvalinate (0.02)
carbofuran (0.01) fenoxycarb (0.02) oxadixyl (0.02) tebuconazole (0.02)
carbosulfan (0.01) fenpropathrin (0.02) oxamyl (0.02) tebufenozide (0.02)
chlorfenvinphos (0.02) fenpropimorph (0.02) oxydemeton-methyl tebufenpyrad (0.02)
chlorobenzilate (0.02) fenpyroximate (0.02) (0.02) tecnazene (0.02)
chlorothalonil (0.01) fenthion (0.02) paclobutrazol (0.02) tefluthrin (0.02)
chlorotoluron (0.02) fenvalerate (0.02) parathion (0.02) tetrachlorvinphos
chlorpyrifos (0.02) fipronil (0.02) parathion-methyl (0.02)
chlorpyrifos-methyl fludioxonil (0.02) (0.02) tetradifon (0.02)
(0.02) flufenacet (0.02) penconazole (0.02) tetramethrin (0.02)
chlorthal-dimethyl flusilazole (0.02) pencycuron (0.02) tetreconazole (0.02)
(0.02) folpet (0.05) pendimethalin (0.02) thiacloprid (0.02)
chlozolinate (0.02) fonofos (0.02) permethrin (0.02) thiamethoxam (0.02)
cyfluthrin (0.05) formothion (0.02) phenthoate (0.02) thiodicarb (0.02)
cymoxanil (0.02) furalaxyl (0.02) phorate (0.02) thiophanate-methyl
cypermethrin (0.05) furathiocarb (0.02) phosalone (0.02) (0.02)
cyproconazole (0.02) heptenophos (0.02) phosmet (0.02) tolclofos-methyl (0.02)
cyprodinil (0.02) hexaconazole (0.02) phosphamidon (0.02) tolylfluanid (0.02)
DDT (0.02) hexythiazox (0.02) picoxystrobin (0.02) triadimefon (0.02)
deltamethrin (0.05) imazalil (0.02) pirimicarb (0.02) triadimenol (0.02)
diazinon (0.02) imidacloprid (0.02) pirimiphos-ethyl (0.02) triazamate (0.02)
dichlofluanid (0.02) indoxacarb (0.02) pirimiphos-methyl triazophos (0.02)
dichlorvos (0.02) iprodione (0.02) (0.02) trifloxystrobin (0.02)
dicloran (0.02) iprovalicarb (0.02) prochloraz (0.02) trifluralin (0.02)
dicofol (0.05) isazophos (0.02) procymidone (0.02) vinclozolin (0.02)
dicrotophos (0.02) isocarbophos (0.02) profenofos (0.02) zoxamide (0.02)
dieldrin (0.02) isofenphos (0.02) propargite (0.02)
diethofencarb (0.02) propham (0.02)
132
Table 22a. Residues detected in retail samples of PUMPKINS AND SQUASH
purchased between July and December 2007
Commodity/Pesticide Concentration range (mg/kg) Number of samples in range
PUMPKINS AND SQUASH, PUMPKIN UK: 2 samples analysed
None found - 2
PUMPKINS AND SQUASH, SQUASH UK: 3 samples analysed
None found - 3
PUMPKINS AND SQUASH, SQUASH Imported (Non-EC): 16 samples analysed
propamocarb <0.02 (i.e. not found) 15
(No MRL) 0.1 1
PUMPKINS AND SQUASH, SQUASH Imported (EC): 27 samples analysed
None found - 27
Imported (EC) samples of pumpkins and squash were from France (1), Greece (12), Italy (2), Portugal (5),
Spain (7).
Imported (Non-EC) samples of pumpkins and squash were from Brazil (3), Egypt (3), Israel (1), Panama (1),
South Africa (3), Turkey (5).
UK samples of pumpkins and squash (5).
Residues were distributed by country of origin, as follows:
propamocarb Israel (1)
No residues were found in any of the UK pumpkin samples
No residues were found in any of the UK squash samples
No residues were found in 15 of the 16 Imported (Non-EC) squash samples
No residues were found in any of the Imported (EC) squash samples
Table 22b. Residues detected in retail samples of PUMPKINS AND SQUASH
purchased between July and December 2007 continued
Residue (1 compound) was found in 1 of the 48 samples as follows:
Number of PRC Sample Type of PUMPKINS AND Residues found Country of
residues ID SQUASH (mg/kg) origin
PCB
(1) 4045/2007 SQUASH 0.1 Israel
The abbreviations used for the pesticide names are as follows:
PCB propamocarb
133
Table 22c. Residues detected in retail samples of PUMPKINS AND SQUASH
purchased between July and December 2007 continued
The following pesticide(s) were actively sought but not found at or above their reporting limits (in
parentheses in mg/kg):
2-phenylphenol (0.02) dimoxystrobin (0.02) mecarbam (0.02) quinalphos (0.02)
acephate (0.02) diphenylamine (0.02) mepanipyrim (0.02) quinoxyfen (0.02)
acetamiprid (0.02) disulfoton (0.02) metalaxyl (0.02) quintozene (0.02)
acrinathrin (0.05) diuron (0.02) methacrifos (0.02) rotenone (0.02)
aldicarb (0.02) dodine (0.02) methamidophos (0.01) simazine (0.02)
aldrin (0.02) endosulfan (0.02) methidathion (0.02) spinosad (0.02)
atrazine (0.02) EPN (0.02) methiocarb (0.02) spiroxamine (0.02)
azinphos-methyl (0.02) epoxiconazole (0.02) methomyl (0.02) tau-fluvalinate (0.02)
azoxystrobin (0.02) ethiofencarb (0.02) methoxychlor (0.02) tebuconazole (0.02)
benalaxyl (0.02) ethion (0.02) metolcarb (0.02) tebufenozide (0.02)
bendiocarb (0.02) ethofumesate (0.02) mevinphos (0.02) tebufenpyrad (0.02)
bifenthrin (0.02) ethoprophos (0.02) monocrotophos (0.02) tecnazene (0.02)
biphenyl (0.02) etrimfos (0.02) myclobutanil (0.02) tefluthrin (0.02)
bitertanol (0.02) famoxadone (0.02) omethoate (0.02) tetrachlorvinphos (0.02)
boscalid (0.02) fenarimol (0.02) oxadixyl (0.02) tetradifon (0.02)
bromopropylate (0.02) fenazaquin (0.02) oxamyl (0.02) tetramethrin (0.02)
bupirimate (0.02) fenbuconazole (0.02) oxydemeton-methyl tetreconazole (0.02)
buprofezin (0.02) fenhexamid (0.02) (0.02) thiabendazole (0.02)
cadusafos (0.02) fenitrothion (0.02) paclobutrazol (0.02) thiacloprid (0.02)
captan (0.05) fenoxycarb (0.02) parathion (0.02) thiamethoxam (0.02)
carbaryl (0.02) fenpropathrin (0.02) parathion-methyl (0.02) thiodicarb (0.02)
carbendazim (0.02) fenpropimorph (0.02) penconazole (0.02) thiophanate-methyl
carbofuran (0.01) fenpyroximate (0.02) pencycuron (0.02) (0.02)
carbosulfan (0.01) fenthion (0.02) pendimethalin (0.02) tolclofos-methyl (0.02)
chlorfenvinphos (0.02) fenvalerate (0.02) permethrin (0.02) tolylfluanid (0.02)
chlorobenzilate (0.02) fipronil (0.02) phenthoate (0.02) triadimefon (0.02)
chlorothalonil (0.01) fludioxonil (0.02) phorate (0.02) triadimenol (0.02)
chlorotoluron (0.02) flufenacet (0.02) phosalone (0.02) triazamate (0.02)
chlorpropham (0.02) flusilazole (0.02) phosmet (0.02) triazophos (0.02)
chlorpyrifos (0.02) folpet (0.05) phosphamidon (0.02) trifloxystrobin (0.02)
chlorpyrifos-methyl fonofos (0.02) picoxystrobin (0.02) trifluralin (0.02)
(0.02) formothion (0.02) pirimicarb (0.02) vinclozolin (0.02)
chlorthal-dimethyl (0.02) fosthiazate (0.02) pirimiphos-ethyl (0.02) zoxamide (0.02)
chlozolinate (0.02) furalaxyl (0.02) pirimiphos-methyl (0.02)
cyfluthrin (0.05) furathiocarb (0.02) prochloraz (0.02)
cymoxanil (0.02) heptenophos (0.02) procymidone (0.02)
cypermethrin (0.05) hexaconazole (0.02) profenofos (0.02)
cyproconazole (0.02) hexythiazox (0.02) propargite (0.02)
cyprodinil (0.02) imazalil (0.02) propham (0.02)
DDT (0.02) imidacloprid (0.02) propiconazole (0.02)
deltamethrin (0.05) indoxacarb (0.02) propoxur (0.02)
diazinon (0.02) iprodione (0.02) propyzamide (0.02)
dichlofluanid (0.02) iprovalicarb (0.02) prothiofos (0.02)
dichlorvos (0.02) isazophos (0.02) pymetrozine (0.02)
dicloran (0.02) isocarbophos (0.02) pyraclostrobin (0.02)
dicofol (0.05) isofenphos (0.02) pyrazophos (0.02)
dicrotophos (0.02) isofenphos-methyl pyrethrins (0.02)
dieldrin (0.02) (0.02) pyridaben (0.02)
diethofencarb (0.02) kresoxim-methyl (0.02) pyridaphenthion (0.02)
difenoconazole (0.02) lambda-cyhalothrin pyrifenox (0.02)
diflubenzuron (0.02) (0.02) pyrimethanil (0.02)
dimethoate (0.02) lindane (0.02) pyriproxifen (0.02)
dimethomorph (0.02) malathion (0.02) quassia (0.02)
134
Table 23a. Residues detected in retail samples of SOFT CITRUS purchased
between June and November 2007
Commodity/Pesticide Concentration range (mg/kg) Number of samples in range
SOFT CITRUS, Imported (Non-EC): 21 samples analysed
2,4-D <0.02 (i.e. not found) 4
(MRL = 1) 0.03 - 0.3 17
2-phenylphenol <0.02 (i.e. not found) 15
(CAC MRL = 10) 0.05 - 0.3 6
bromopropylate <0.02 (i.e. not found) 20
(MRL = 2) 0.2 1
chlorpyrifos <0.02 (i.e. not found) 16
(MRL = 2) 0.02 - 0.1 5
cypermethrin <0.05 (i.e. not found) 20
(MRL = 2) 0.09 1
dicofol <0.05 (i.e. not found) 19
(MRL = 2) 0.3, 0.4 2
diphenylamine <0.02 (i.e. not found) 20
(MRL = 0.05*) 0.03 1
imazalil <0.02 (i.e. not found) 0
(MRL = 5) 0.3 - 1.7 21
iprodione <0.02 (i.e. not found) 19
(MRL = 1) 0.04, 0.06 2
malathion <0.02 (i.e. not found) 16
(MRL = 2) 0.02 - 0.8 5
methidathion <0.02 (i.e. not found) 16
(MRL = 2) 0.04 - 0.08 5
prochloraz <0.02 (i.e. not found) 15
(MRL = 10) 0.03 - 0.7 6
propargite <0.02 (i.e. not found) 19
(CAC MRL = 3) 0.06, 0.2 2
pyraclostrobin <0.02 (i.e. not found) 20
(MRL = 1) 0.03 1
pyrimethanil <0.02 (i.e. not found) 18
(MRL = 5) 0.02, 0.7 0.7 3
pyriproxifen <0.02 (i.e. not found) 20
(CAC MRL = 0.5) 0.02 1
thiabendazole <0.02 (i.e. not found) 6
(MRL = 5) 0.1 - 1.4 15
135
Commodity/Pesticide Concentration range (mg/kg) Number of samples in range
SOFT CITRUS, Imported (EC): 16 samples analysed
2,4-D <0.02 (i.e. not found) 14
(MRL = 1) 0.03, 0.3 2
2-phenylphenol <0.02 (i.e. not found) 2
(CAC MRL = 10) 0.02 - 2.1 14
chlorpyrifos <0.02 (i.e. not found) 1
(MRL = 2) 0.03 - 0.3 15
dicofol <0.05 (i.e. not found) 13
(MRL = 2) 0.08, 0.08, 0.2 3
imazalil <0.02 (i.e. not found) 0
(MRL = 5) 0.2 - 1.3 16
lambda-cyhalothrin <0.02 (i.e. not found) 15
(MRL = 0.2) 0.02 1
malathion <0.02 (i.e. not found) 2
(MRL = 2) 0.02 - 0.3 14
methidathion <0.02 (i.e. not found) 15
(MRL = 2) 0.2 1
pirimiphos-methyl <0.02 (i.e. not found) 14
(MRL = 2) 0.2, 0.3 2
pyriproxifen <0.02 (i.e. not found) 14
(CAC MRL = 0.5) 0.03, 0.03 2
tebufenpyrad <0.02 (i.e. not found) 15
(No MRL) 0.07 1
tetradifon <0.02 (i.e. not found) 15
(No MRL) 0.02 1
thiabendazole <0.02 (i.e. not found) 8
(MRL = 5) 0.1 - 0.6 8
NOTE: * Indicates MRL is set to the Limit Of Detection.
Imported (EC) samples of soft citrus were from Spain (16).
Imported (Non-EC) samples of soft citrus were from Chile (1), Morocco (1), Peru (4), South Africa (11),
Uruguay (4).
136
Residues were distributed by country of origin, as follows:
2,4-D Morocco (1), Peru (4), South Africa (10), Spain (2), Uruguay (2)
2-phenylphenol Chile (1), South Africa (1), Spain (14), Uruguay (4)
bromopropylate South Africa (1)
chlorpyrifos Chile (1), Morocco (1), Peru (1), South Africa (2), Spain (15)
cypermethrin South Africa (1)
dicofol Chile (1), South Africa (1), Spain (3)
diphenylamine South Africa (1)
imazalil Chile (1), Morocco (1), Peru (4), South Africa (11), Spain (16), Uruguay (4)
iprodione Peru (2)
lambda-cyhalothrin Spain (1)
malathion Peru (1), South Africa (4), Spain (14)
methidathion Chile (1), South Africa (4), Spain (1)
propargite Peru (1), South Africa (1)
pirimiphos-methyl Spain (2)
prochloraz Peru (1), South Africa (1), Uruguay (4)
pyraclostrobin South Africa (1)
pyrimethanil Peru (2), South Africa (1)
pyriproxifen South Africa (1), Spain (2)
thiabendazole Morocco (1), Peru (4), South Africa (9), Spain (8), Uruguay (1)
tebufenpyrad Spain (1)
tetradifon Spain (1)
Residues were found in all of the 21 Imported (Non-EC) samples
Residues were found in all of the 16 Imported (EC) samples
137
Table 23b. Residues detected in retail samples of SOFT CITRUS purchased between July and November 2007 continued
Residues (2-7 compounds) were found in 37 of the 37 samples as follows:
Number PRC Residues found (mg/kg) Country of
of Sample ID origin
residues
24D 2PP BPP CPF CYP DIC DPA IMZ IPR LCY MAL MDT PGT PIM PRZ PYC PYM PYX TBZ TEBF TET
(2) 9662/2007 0.08 - - - - - - 0.3 - - - - - - - - - - - - - South
Africa
(3) 8940/2007 0.1 - - - - - - 1.2 - - - - - - - - - - 0.7 - - South
Africa
8435/2007 - 0.2 - - - - - 0.8 - - - - - - 0.3 - - - - - - Uruguay
8278/2007 - 0.02 - - - - - 0.4 - - 0.03 - - - - - - - - - - Spain
8298/2007 - - - 0.1 - - - 0.2 - - 0.3 - - - - - - - - - - Spain
8318/2007 - 0.08 - 0.09 - - - 0.9 - - - - - - - - - - - - - Spain
(4) 4006/2007 0.07 - - 0.04 - - - 0.3 - - - - - - - - - - 0.4 - - Morocco
7555/2007 0.2 - - - - - - 1 - - - - - - - - 0.7 - 0.5 - - Peru
9633/2007 0.2 - - - - - - 1.6 0.06 - - - - - - - - - 0.6 - - Peru
7505/2007 0.1 - - - - - - 1 - - - 0.04 - - - - - - 0.7 - - South
Africa
8661/2007 0.2 - 0.2 - - - - 0.7 - - - - - - - - - - 0.1 - - South
Africa
4022/2007 0.03 0.2 - - - - - 1 - - - - - - 0.7 - - - - - - Uruguay
8279/2007 0.03 0.05 - - - - - 0.9 - - - - - - 0.07 - - - - - - Uruguay
9722/2007 - 0.2 - - - - - 0.6 - - - - - - 0.3 - - - 0.3 - - Uruguay
4047/2007 - 0.03 - 0.04 - - - 0.3 - - 0.3 - - - - - - - - - - Spain
8152/2007 - 0.8 - 0.05 - - - 0.8 - - - - - - - - - - 0.1 - - Spain
8241/2007 - 0.04 - 0.05 - - - 1.3 - - 0.02 - - - - - - - - - - Spain
(5) 8337/2007 - 0.2 - 0.02 - 0.3 - 1.5 - - - 0.04 - - - - - - - - - Chile
8240/2007 - 0.3 - 0.1 - 0.4 - 1.7 - - 0.8 - - - - - - - - - - South
Africa
8536/2007 0.1 - - - - - 0.03 1.7 - - - 0.08 - - - - - - 1.4 - - South
Africa
8965/2007 0.2 - - - - - - 1.3 - - - 0.05 - - - - 0.02 - 1.2 - - South
Africa
9634/2007 0.1 - - - - - - 0.6 - - 0.02 0.05 - - - - - - 0.3 - - South
Africa
9781/2007 0.08 - - - 0.09 - - 0.7 - - 0.04 - - - - - - - 0.1 - - South
Africa
4005/2007 - 0.4 - 0.04 - - - 0.4 - - 0.02 - - - - - - - 0.3 - - Spain
138
Number PRC Residues found (mg/kg) Country of
of Sample ID origin
residues
24D 2PP BPP CPF CYP DIC DPA IMZ IPR LCY MAL MDT PGT PIM PRZ PYC PYM PYX TBZ TEBF TET
4023/2007 - 0.1 - 0.1 - - - 1.1 - - 0.03 - - - - - - - 0.6 - - Spain
7270/2007 - 0.02 - 0.04 - - - 0.7 - - 0.03 - - - - - - - 0.5 - - Spain
(6) 8922/2007 0.3 - - - - - - 0.9 0.04 - - - 0.06 - - - 0.7 - 0.8 - - Peru
9770/2007 0.2 - - 0.03 - - - 0.6 - - 0.05 - - - 0.03 - - - 0.4 - - Peru
7538/2007 0.3 - - - - - - 0.7 - - 0.03 - - - - 0.03 - 0.02 0.5 - - South
Africa
9693/2007 0.1 - - 0.1 - - - 0.4 - - - - 0.2 - 0.5 - - - 0.1 - - South
Africa
8151/2007 0.3 0.4 - 0.2 - - - 0.9 - - 0.09 - - - - - - - 0.5 - - Spain
8259/2007 - - - 0.03 - - - 0.4 - - 0.05 - - 0.3 - - - - 0.2 0.07 - Spain
8299/2007 - 0.06 - 0.3 - 0.2 - 1.3 - - 0.04 - - - - - - 0.03 - - - Spain
8336/2007 - 1 - 0.07 - - - 0.9 - 0.02 0.2 - - - - - - - 0.2 - - Spain
9480/2007 0.03 2.1 - 0.03 - - - 1.2 - - 0.2 - - - - - - - 0.6 - - Spain
(7) 8258/2007 - 0.02 - 0.05 - 0.08 - 1.1 - - 0.08 - - 0.2 - - - 0.03 - - - Spain
8319/2007 - 0.02 - 0.07 - 0.08 - 0.3 - - 0.2 0.2 - - - - - - - - 0.02 Spain
The abbreviations used for the pesticide names are as follows:
24D 2,4-D 2PP 2-phenylphenol BPP bromopropylate CPF chlorpyrifos
CYP cypermethrin DIC dicofol DPA diphenylamine IMZ imazalil
IPR iprodione LCY lambda-cyhalothrin MAL malathion MDT methidathion
PGT propargite PIM pirimiphos-methyl PRZ prochloraz PYC pyraclostrobin
PYM pyrimethanil PYX pyriproxifen TBZ thiabendazole TEBF tebufenpyrad
TET tetradifon
139
Table 23c. Residues detected in retail samples of SOFT CITRUS purchased
between July and November 2007 continued
The following pesticide(s) were actively sought but not found at or above their reporting limits (in
parentheses in mg/kg):
acephate (0.02) epoxiconazole (0.02) omethoate (0.02) triadimenol (0.02)
acetamiprid (0.02) ethiofencarb (0.02) oxadixyl (0.02) triazophos (0.02)
acrinathrin (0.05) ethion (0.02) oxamyl (0.02) trifloxystrobin (0.02)
aldicarb (0.02) ethofumesate (0.02) oxydemeton-methyl trifluralin (0.02)
aldrin (0.02) ethoprophos (0.02) (0.02) vinclozolin (0.02)
atrazine (0.02) etrimfos (0.02) paclobutrazol (0.02) zoxamide (0.02)
azoxystrobin (0.02) famoxadone (0.02) parathion (0.02)
benalaxyl (0.02) fenarimol (0.02) parathion-methyl
bendiocarb (0.02) fenazaquin (0.02) (0.02)
bifenthrin (0.02) fenbuconazole (0.02) penconazole (0.02)
biphenyl (0.02) fenhexamid (0.02) pencycuron (0.02)
bitertanol (0.02) fenitrothion (0.02) pendimethalin (0.02)
boscalid (0.02) fenoxycarb (0.02) permethrin (0.02)
bromoxynil (0.02) fenpropathrin (0.02) phenthoate (0.02)
bupirimate (0.02) fenpropimorph (0.02) phorate (0.02)
buprofezin (0.02) fenpyroximate (0.02) phosalone (0.02)
cadusafos (0.02) fenthion (0.02) phosmet (0.02)
captan (0.05) fenvalerate (0.02) phosphamidon (0.02)
carbaryl (0.02) fipronil (0.02) picoxystrobin (0.02)
carbendazim (0.02) fludioxonil (0.02) pirimicarb (0.02)
carbofuran (0.01) flufenacet (0.02) pirimiphos-ethyl (0.02)
chlorfenvinphos (0.02) flusilazole (0.02) procymidone (0.02)
chlorobenzilate (0.02) folpet (0.05) profenofos (0.02)
chlorothalonil (0.01) fonofos (0.02) propham (0.02)
chlorotoluron (0.02) formothion (0.02) propiconazole (0.02)
chlorpropham (0.02) fosthiazate (0.02) propoxur (0.02)
chlorpyrifos-methyl furalaxyl (0.02) propyzamide (0.02)
(0.02) furathiocarb (0.02) prothiofos (0.02)
chlorthal-dimethyl heptenophos (0.02) pyrazophos (0.02)
(0.02) hexaconazole (0.02) pyrethrins (0.02)
chlozolinate (0.02) hexythiazox (0.02) pyridaben (0.02)
cyfluthrin (0.05) imidacloprid (0.02) pyrifenox (0.02)
cymoxanil (0.02) indoxacarb (0.02) quassia (0.02)
cyproconazole (0.02) iprovalicarb (0.02) quinalphos (0.02)
cyprodinil (0.02) isazophos (0.02) quinoxyfen (0.02)
DDT (0.02) isocarbophos (0.02) quintozene (0.02)
deltamethrin (0.05) isofenphos (0.02) rotenone (0.02)
demeton-S-methyl isofenphos-methyl simazine (0.02)
sulphone (0.02) (0.02) spinosad (0.02)
diazinon (0.02) kresoxim-methyl spiroxamine (0.02)
dichlofluanid (0.02) (0.02) tau-fluvalinate (0.02)
dichlorvos (0.02) lindane (0.02) tebuconazole (0.02)
dicloran (0.02) mecarbam (0.02) tebufenozide (0.02)
dicrotophos (0.02) mepanipyrim (0.02) tecnazene (0.02)
dieldrin (0.02) metalaxyl (0.02) tefluthrin (0.02)
diethofencarb (0.02) methacrifos (0.02) tetrachlorvinphos
difenoconazole (0.02) methamidophos (0.02)
diflubenzuron (0.02) (0.01) tetramethrin (0.02)
dimethoate (0.02) methiocarb (0.02) tetreconazole (0.02)
dimethomorph (0.02) methomyl (0.02) thiacloprid (0.02)
dimoxystrobin (0.02) methoxychlor (0.02) thiamethoxam (0.02)
disulfoton (0.02) metolcarb (0.02) thiodicarb (0.02)
diuron (0.02) mevinphos (0.02) tolclofos-methyl (0.02)
endosulfan (0.02) monocrotophos (0.02) tolylfluanid (0.02)
EPN (0.02) myclobutanil (0.02) triadimefon (0.02)
140
Table 24a. Residues detected in retail samples of SPECIALITY FRUIT purchased
during October 2007
Commodity/Pesticide Concentration range (mg/kg) Number of samples in range
SPECIALITY FRUIT, FIGS Imported (Non-EC): 5 samples analysed
None found - 5
SPECIALITY FRUIT, GUAVA Imported (Non-EC): 1 sample analysed
None found - 1
SPECIALITY FRUIT, PASSION FRUIT Imported (Non-EC): 5 samples analysed
carbendazim <0.02 (i.e. not found) 4
(MRL = 0.1*) 0.05 1
dithiocarbamates <0.05 (i.e. not found) 4
(MRL = 0.05*) 0.07 1
SPECIALITY FRUIT, PERSIMMON Imported (Non-EC): 4 samples analysed
thiacloprid <0.02 (i.e. not found) 2
(MRL = 0.02*) 0.02 1
0.03 1
SPECIALITY FRUIT, PHYSALLIS Imported (Non-EC): 1 sample analysed
None found - 1
SPECIALITY FRUIT, POMEGRANATES Imported (Non-EC): 1 sample analysed
None found - 1
SPECIALITY FRUIT, POMEGRANATES Imported (EC): 9 samples analysed
acetamiprid <0.02 (i.e. not found) 8
(MRL = 0.01*) 0.02 1
chlorpyrifos <0.02 (i.e. not found) 8
(MRL = 0.05*) 0.02 1
malathion <0.02 (i.e. not found) 8
(No MRL) 0.03 1
NOTE: * Indicates MRL is set to the Limit Of Detection.
Imported (EC) samples of speciality fruit were from Spain (9).
Imported (Non-EC) samples of speciality fruit were from Colombia (6), Egypt (1), India (1), Israel (4), Turkey
(5).
Residues were distributed by country of origin, as follows:
acetamiprid Spain (1)
carbendazim Colombia (1)
chlorpyrifos Spain (1)
dithiocarbamates Colombia (1)
malathion Spain (1)
thiacloprid Israel (2)
141
No residues were found in any of the Imported (Non-EC) figs samples
No residues were found in any of the Imported (Non-EC) guava samples
No residues were found in 4 of the 5 Imported (Non-EC) passion fruit samples
No residues were found in 2 of the 4 Imported (Non-EC) persimmon samples
No residues were found in any of the Imported (Non-EC) physallis samples
No residues were found in any of the Imported (Non-EC) pomegranates samples
No residues were found in 6 of the 9 Imported (EC) pomegranates samples
142
Table 24b. Residues detected in retail samples of SPECIALITY FRUIT purchased
during October 2007 continued
Residues (1-2 compounds) were found in 6 of the 26 samples as follows:
Number of PRC Type of SPECIALITY Residues found (mg/kg) Country of
residues Sample ID FRUIT origin
ACET CBZ CPF DTC MAL THC
(1) 8203/2007 PERSIMMON - - - - - 0.03 Israel
8365/2007 PERSIMMON - - - - - 0.02 Israel
8421/2007 POMEGRANATES - - 0.02 - - - Spain
8500/2007 POMEGRANATES - - - - 0.03 - Spain
9937/2007 POMEGRANATES 0.02 - - - - - Spain
(2) 8366/2007 PASSION FRUIT - 0.05 - 0.07 - - Colombia
The abbreviations used for the pesticide names are as follows:
ACET acetamiprid CBZ carbendazim CPF chlorpyrifos
DTC dithiocarbamates MAL malathion THC thiacloprid
143
Table 24c. Residues detected in retail samples of SPECIALITY FRUIT purchased during
October 2007 continued
The following pesticide(s) were actively sought but not found at or above their reporting limits (in parentheses in
mg/kg):
2-phenylphenol (0.02) fenarimol (0.02) phenthoate (0.02)
acephate (0.02) fenazaquin (0.02) phosalone (0.02)
acrinathrin (0.05) fenbuconazole (0.02) phosmet (0.02)
aldicarb (0.02) fenhexamid (0.02) phosphamidon (0.02)
aldrin (0.02) fenitrothion (0.02) picoxystrobin (0.02)
atrazine (0.02) fenoxycarb (0.02) pirimicarb (0.02)
azinphos-methyl (0.02) fenpropathrin (0.02) pirimiphos-ethyl (0.02)
azoxystrobin (0.02) fenpropimorph (0.02) pirimiphos-methyl (0.02)
benalaxyl (0.02) fenpyroximate (0.02) prochloraz (0.02)
bifenthrin (0.02) fenthion (0.02) procymidone (0.02)
biphenyl (0.02) fenvalerate (0.02) profenofos (0.02)
bitertanol (0.02) fipronil (0.02) propamocarb (0.02)
boscalid (0.02) fludioxonil (0.02) propargite (0.02)
bromopropylate (0.02) flusilazole (0.02) propiconazole (0.02)
bupirimate (0.02) folpet (0.02) propoxur (0.02)
buprofezin (0.02) fonofos (0.02) propyzamide (0.02)
cadusafos (0.02) furalaxyl (0.02) prothiofos (0.02)
captan (0.05) gamma-HCH (0.02) pymetrozine (0.02)
carbaryl (0.02) heptenophos (0.02) pyraclostrobin (0.02)
carbofuran (0.01) hexaconazole (0.02) pyrazophos (0.02)
carbofuran (3-hydroxy) (0.01) imazalil (0.02) pyrethrins (0.02)
chlorfenvinphos (0.02) imidacloprid (0.02) pyridaben (0.02)
chlorothalonil (0.01) indoxacarb (0.02) pyridaphenthion (0.02)
chlorpropham (0.02) iprodione (0.02) pyrifenox (0.02)
chlorpyrifos-methyl (0.02) isazophos (0.02) pyrimethanil (0.02)
chlorthal-dimethyl (0.02) isocarbophos (0.02) pyriproxifen (0.02)
chlozolinate (0.02) isofenphos-ethyl (0.02) quassia (0.02)
cyfluthrin (0.05) isofenphos-methyl (0.02) quinalphos (0.02)
cypermethrin (0.05) kresoxim-methyl (0.02) quinoxyfen (0.02)
cyproconazole (0.02) lambda-cyhalothrin (0.02) quintozene (0.02)
cyprodinil (0.02) mecarbam (0.02) rotenone (0.02)
DDT (0.02) mepanipyrim (0.02) simazine (0.02)
deltamethrin (0.05) metalaxyl (0.02) spinosad (0.02)
diazinon (0.02) methacrifos (0.02) tau-fluvalinate (0.05)
dichlofluanid (0.05) methamidophos (0.01) tebuconazole (0.02)
dichlorvos (0.02) methidathion (0.02) tebufenpyrad (0.02)
dicloran (0.02) methomyl (0.02) tecnazene (0.02)
dicofol (0.05) mevinphos (0.02) tefluthrin (0.02)
dieldrin (0.02) monocrotophos (0.02) tetrachlorvinphos (0.02)
diethofencarb (0.02) myclobutanil (0.02) tetradifon (0.02)
difenoconazole (0.02) omethoate (0.02) tetreconazole (0.02)
dimethoate (0.02) oxadixyl (0.02) thiabendazole (0.02)
dimethomorph (0.02) oxamyl (0.02) tolclofos-methyl (0.02)
dimoxystrobin (0.02) oxydemeton-methyl (0.02) tolylfluanid (0.05)
diphenylamine (0.02) paclobutrazol (0.02) triadimefon (0.02)
endosulfan (0.02) parathion (0.02) triadimenol (0.02)
ethion (0.02) parathion-methyl (0.02) triazophos (0.02)
ethoprophos (0.02) penconazole (0.02) trifloxystrobin (0.02)
ethoxyquin (0.02) pendimethalin (0.02) trifluralin (0.05)
etrimfos (0.02) permethrin (0.02) vinclozolin (0.02)
144
Table 25a. Residues detected in retail samples of STRAWBERRIES purchased between
July and November 2007
Commodity/Pesticide Concentration range (mg/kg) Number of samples in range
STRAWBERRIES, UK: 37 samples analysed
azoxystrobin <0.02 (i.e. not found) 32
(MRL = 2) 0.04 - 0.3 5
bifenthrin <0.02 (i.e. not found) 36
(MRL = 0.5) 0.03 1
boscalid <0.02 (i.e. not found) 24
(UK tMRL = 3) 0.03 - 0.3 13
bupirimate <0.02 (i.e. not found) 24
(No MRL) 0.03 - 1 13
cyprodinil <0.02 (i.e. not found) 29
(UK tMRL = 5) 0.02 - 0.3 8
DDT <0.02 (i.e. not found) 36
(MRL = 0.05*) 0.02 1
fenhexamid <0.02 (i.e. not found) 18
(MRL = 5) 0.02 - 0.6 19
fludioxonil <0.02 (i.e. not found) 30
(MRL = 2) 0.02 - 0.3 7
iprodione <0.02 (i.e. not found) 21
(MRL = 15) 0.05 - 0.8 16
mepanipyrim <0.02 (i.e. not found) 34
(UK tMRL = 2) 0.03, 0.05, 0.2 3
myclobutanil <0.02 (i.e. not found) 23
(MRL = 1) 0.02 - 0.2 14
pirimicarb <0.02 (i.e. not found) 34
(CAC MRL = 0.5) 0.06, 0.1, 0.5 3
pyraclostrobin <0.02 (i.e. not found) 30
(MRL = 0.5) 0.02 - 0.07 7
pyrimethanil <0.02 (i.e. not found) 16
(No MRL) 0.02 - 3 21
quinoxyfen <0.02 (i.e. not found) 36
(MRL = 0.3) 0.04 1
spinosad <0.02 (i.e. not found) 36
(UK tMRL = 0.3) 0.03 1
tebufenpyrad <0.02 (i.e. not found) 35
(No MRL) 0.03, 0.04 2
thiacloprid <0.02 (i.e. not found) 35
(MRL = 0.5) 0.02, 0.02 2
145
Commodity/Pesticide Concentration range (mg/kg) Number of samples in range
STRAWBERRIES, Imported (EC): 12 samples analysed
boscalid <0.02 (i.e. not found) 4
(No MRL) 0.02 - 0.4 8
captan <0.05 (i.e. not found) 9
(MRL = 3) 0.06, 0.1, 0.3 3
cyprodinil <0.02 (i.e. not found) 11
(No MRL) 0.03 1
fenhexamid <0.02 (i.e. not found) 11
(MRL = 5) 0.03 1
mepanipyrim <0.02 (i.e. not found) 8
(No MRL) 0.03 - 0.2 4
pyraclostrobin <0.02 (i.e. not found) 7
(MRL = 0.5) 0.04 - 0.09 5
thiacloprid <0.02 (i.e. not found) 7
(MRL = 0.5) 0.03 - 0.1 5
NOTE: * Indicates MRL is set to the Limit of Detection.
Imported (EC) samples of strawberries were from the Netherlands (12).
UK samples of strawberries (37).
Residues were distributed by country of origin, as follows:
azoxystrobin UK (5)
bifenthrin UK (1)
boscalid the Netherlands (8), UK (13)
bupirimate UK (13)
captan the Netherlands (3)
cyprodinil the Netherlands (1), UK (8)
DDT UK (1)
fludioxonil UK (7)
fenhexamid the Netherlands (1), UK (19)
iprodione UK (16)
mepanipyrim the Netherlands (4), UK (3)
myclobutanil UK (14)
pirimicarb UK (3)
pyraclostrobin the Netherlands (5), UK (7)
pyrimethanil UK (21)
quinoxyfen UK (1)
spinosad UK (1)
tebufenpyrad UK (2)
thiacloprid the Netherlands (5), UK (2)
No residues were found in 3 of the 37 UK samples
No residues were found in 1 of the 12 Imported (EC) samples
146
Table 25b. Residues detected in retail samples of STRAWBERRIES purchased between July and November 2007
continued
Residues (1-8 compounds) were found in 45 of the 49 samples as follows:
Number PRC Residues found (mg/kg) Country of
of Sample ID origin
residues
AZOX BIF BOS BUP CAP CYD DDT FLUD FNHX IPR MPY MYC PIR PYC PYM QINO SPN TEBF THC
(1) 7656/2007 - - 0.08 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - UK
7704/2007 - - - - - - - - - - - 0.05 - - - - - - - UK
9724/2007 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.05 - - - - UK
8230/2007 - - - - - 0.03 - - - - - - - - - - - - - the
Netherlands
8405/2007 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.03 the
Netherlands
9204/2007 - - - - - - - - - - 0.03 - - - - - - - - the
Netherlands
(2) 7617/2007 - 0.03 - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.4 - - - - UK
7673/2007 - - - - - - - - - 0.05 - - - - 0.05 - - - - UK
7703/2007 - - - - - - - - 0.2 - - - - - 0.4 - - - - UK
8892/2007 - - 0.09 - - - - - 0.02 - - - - - - - - - - UK
9630/2007 - - - - - - - - 0.05 - - - - - 0.2 - - - - UK
7727/2007 - - 0.02 - - - - - 0.03 - - - - - - - - - - the
Netherlands
8220/2007 - - 0.05 - - - - - - - 0.03 - - - - - - - - the
Netherlands
8403/2007 - - 0.05 - - - - - - - 0.03 - - - - - - - - the
Netherlands
147
Number PRC Residues found (mg/kg) Country of
of Sample ID origin
residues
AZOX BIF BOS BUP CAP CYD DDT FLUD FNHX IPR MPY MYC PIR PYC PYM QINO SPN TEBF THC
(3) 7618/2007 - - - - - 0.2 - 0.07 - 0.2 - - - - - - - - - UK
7655/2007 - - - - - 0.03 - 0.04 - - - - - - 0.4 - - - - UK
8424/2007 - - - 1 - - - - - - - 0.02 - - - - - - 0.02 UK
8726/2007 - - 0.1 - - - - - - - - - - 0.02 0.2 - - - - UK
8772/2007 - - 0.2 - - - - - - - - 0.04 - 0.04 - - - - - UK
8801/2007 - - 0.05 - - - - - - - - - - - 0.03 0.04 - - - UK
8893/2007 - - 0.09 0.06 - - - - 0.05 - - - - - - - - - - UK
9696/2007 - - - 0.4 - - - - 0.3 0.4 - - - - - - - - - UK
8454/2007 - - 0.3 - 0.06 - - - - - - - - 0.07 - - - - - the
Netherlands
8461/2007 - - 0.2 - - - - - - - - - - 0.04 - - - - 0.05 the
Netherlands
(4) 7974/2007 - - - 0.1 - - - - 0.2 0.3 - - - - - - - 0.04 - UK
9631/2007 0.09 - - - - - - - 0.4 - - 0.07 - - 0.02 - - - - UK
9783/2007 - - 0.3 - - - - - - - - 0.06 - 0.07 0.05 - - - - UK
8367/2007 - - 0.4 - 0.3 - - - - - - - - 0.09 - - - - 0.1 the
Netherlands
8369/2007 - - 0.2 - - - - - - - 0.2 - - 0.05 - - - - 0.07 the
Netherlands
8455/2007 - - 0.3 - 0.1 - - - - - - - - 0.09 - - - - 0.09 the
Netherlands
(5) 5933/2007 - - - 0.2 - - - - 0.5 0.2 - 0.02 - - 0.05 - - - - UK
7728/2007 - - - 0.06 - 0.03 - - 0.3 - 0.03 - - - 0.5 - - - - UK
8875/2007 - - 0.1 - - - - - 0.1 0.3 - 0.04 - - 0.04 - - - - UK
8876/2007 0.06 - - 0.1 - - - - 0.1 0.1 - - - - 0.6 - - - - UK
9664/2007 - - - 0.1 - - 0.02 - 0.09 0.4 - - - - - - 0.03 - - UK
9725/2007 0.04 - - 0.03 - - - - 0.09 - - 0.03 - - 0.2 - - - - UK
9778/2007 - - 0.3 - - 0.03 - 0.02 - - - 0.07 - 0.05 - - - - - UK
148
Number PRC Residues found (mg/kg) Country of
of Sample ID origin
residues
AZOX BIF BOS BUP CAP CYD DDT FLUD FNHX IPR MPY MYC PIR PYC PYM QINO SPN TEBF THC
(6) 8368/2007 - - - 0.2 - - - - 0.4 0.8 - 0.2 0.1 - 0.6 - - - - UK
8498/2007 - - 0.2 - - 0.3 - 0.3 0.1 0.5 - - - 0.05 - - - - - UK
9203/2007 - - 0.03 - - - - - - 0.8 0.05 - 0.06 - 0.2 - - 0.03 - UK
9697/2007 0.1 - 0.2 - - - - - 0.05 0.3 - 0.03 - 0.02 - - - - - UK
(7) 5934/2007 - - - 0.04 - 0.3 - 0.1 0.4 0.4 - 0.1 - - 0.3 - - - - UK
7963/2007 - - - 0.3 - 0.02 - 0.03 0.6 0.6 - 0.05 - - 0.3 - - - - UK
8462/2007 0.3 - - 0.3 - - - - 0.3 0.3 - 0.04 0.5 - 3 - - - - UK
(8) 8404/2007 - - 0.3 - - 0.2 - 0.2 - 0.5 0.2 - - 0.05 0.2 - - - 0.02 UK
The abbreviations used for the pesticide names are as follows:
AZOX azoxystrobin BIF bifenthrin BOS boscalid
BUP bupirimate CAP captan CYD cyprodinil
DDT DDT FLUD fludioxonil FNHX fenhexamid
IPR iprodione MPY mepanipyrim MYC myclobutanil
PIR pirimicarb PYC pyraclostrobin PYM pyrimethanil
QINO quinoxyfen SPN spinosad TEBF tebufenpyrad
THC thiacloprid
149
Table 25c. Residues detected in retail samples of STRAWBERRIES purchased
between July and November 2007 continued
The following pesticide(s) were actively sought but not found at or above their reporting limits (in
parentheses in mg/kg):
2-phenylphenol (0.02) difenoconazole (0.02) iprovalicarb (0.02) procymidone (0.02)
acephate (0.02) diflubenzuron (0.02) isazophos (0.02) profenofos (0.02)
acetamiprid (0.02) dimethoate (0.02) isocarbophos (0.02) propargite (0.02)
acrinathrin (0.05) dimethomorph (0.02) isofenphos (0.02) propham (0.02)
aldicarb (0.02) dimoxystrobin (0.02) isofenphos-methyl propiconazole (0.02)
aldrin (0.02) diphenylamine (0.02) (0.02) propoxur (0.02)
atrazine (0.02) disulfoton (0.02) kresoxim-methyl (0.02) propyzamide (0.02)
azinphos-methyl (0.02) diuron (0.02) lambda-cyhalothrin prothiofos (0.02)
benalaxyl (0.02) endosulfan (0.02) (0.02) pymetrozine (0.02)
bendiocarb (0.02) EPN (0.02) lindane (0.02) pyrazophos (0.02)
biphenyl (0.02) epoxiconazole (0.02) malathion (0.02) pyrethrins (0.02)
bitertanol (0.02) ethiofencarb (0.02) mecarbam (0.02) pyridaben (0.02)
bromopropylate (0.02) ethion (0.02) metalaxyl (0.02) pyridaphenthion (0.02)
bromoxynil (0.02) ethofumesate (0.02) methacrifos (0.02) pyrifenox (0.02)
buprofezin (0.02) ethoprophos (0.02) methamidophos (0.01) pyriproxifen (0.02)
cadusafos (0.02) etrimfos (0.02) methidathion (0.02) quassia (0.02)
carbaryl (0.02) famoxadone (0.02) methiocarb (0.02) quinalphos (0.02)
carbendazim (0.02) fenarimol (0.02) methomyl (0.02) quintozene (0.02)
carbofuran (0.01) fenazaquin (0.02) methoxychlor (0.02) rotenone (0.02)
carbosulfan (0.01) fenbuconazole (0.02) metolcarb (0.02) simazine (0.02)
chlorfenvinphos (0.02) fenbutatin oxide (0.02) mevinphos (0.02) spiroxamine (0.02)
chlorobenzilate (0.02) fenitrothion (0.02) monocrotophos (0.02) tau-fluvalinate (0.02)
chlorothalonil (0.01) fenoxycarb (0.02) omethoate (0.02) tebuconazole (0.02)
chlorotoluron (0.02) fenpropathrin (0.02) oxadixyl (0.02) tebufenozide (0.02)
chlorpropham (0.02) fenpropimorph (0.02) oxamyl (0.02) tecnazene (0.02)
chlorpyrifos (0.02) fenpyroximate (0.02) oxydemeton-methyl tefluthrin (0.02)
chlorpyrifos-methyl fenthion (0.02) (0.02) tetrachlorvinphos (0.02)
(0.02) fenvalerate (0.02) paclobutrazol (0.02) tetradifon (0.02)
chlorthal-dimethyl (0.02) fipronil (0.02) parathion (0.02) tetramethrin (0.02)
chlozolinate (0.02) flufenacet (0.02) parathion-methyl (0.02) tetreconazole (0.02)
cyfluthrin (0.05) flusilazole (0.02) penconazole (0.02) thiabendazole (0.02)
cymoxanil (0.02) folpet (0.05) pencycuron (0.02) thiamethoxam (0.02)
cypermethrin (0.05) fonofos (0.02) pendimethalin (0.02) thiophanate-methyl
cyproconazole (0.02) formothion (0.02) permethrin (0.02) (0.02)
deltamethrin (0.05) fosthiazate (0.02) phenthoate (0.02) tolclofos-methyl (0.02)
diazinon (0.02) furalaxyl (0.02) phorate (0.02) tolylfluanid (0.02)
dichlofluanid (0.02) furathiocarb (0.02) phosalone (0.02) triadimefon (0.02)
dichlorvos (0.02) heptenophos (0.02) phosmet (0.02) triadimenol (0.02)
dicloran (0.02) hexaconazole (0.02) phosphamidon (0.02) triazophos (0.02)
dicofol (0.05) hexythiazox (0.02) picoxystrobin (0.02) trifloxystrobin (0.02)
dicrotophos (0.02) imazalil (0.02) pirimiphos-ethyl (0.02) trifluralin (0.02)
dieldrin (0.02) imidacloprid (0.02) pirimiphos-methyl (0.02) vinclozolin (0.02)
diethofencarb (0.02) indoxacarb (0.02) prochloraz (0.02) zoxamide (0.02)
150
Table 26a. Residues detected in samples of TOMATOES obtained between July
and November 2007
Commodity/Pesticide Concentration range (mg/kg) Number of samples in range
TOMATO, BEEFSTEAK UK: 2 samples analysed
fenhexamid <0.02 (i.e. not found) 1
(MRL = 1) 0.02 1
TOMATO, CHERRY UK: 3 samples analysed
None found - 3
TOMATO, PLUM UK: 1 sample analysed
None found - 1
TOMATO, ROUND UK: 6 samples analysed
azoxystrobin <0.02 (i.e. not found) 5
(MRL = 2) 0.06 1
fludioxonil <0.02 (i.e. not found) 5
(CAC MRL = 0.5) 0.02 1
iprodione <0.02 (i.e. not found) 3
(MRL = 5) 0.04 - 0.1 3
pyrimethanil <0.02 (i.e. not found) 5
(No MRL) 0.02 1
TOMATO, VINE UK: 4 samples analysed
None found - 4
TOMATO, CHERRY Imported (Non-EC): 2 samples analysed
pyriproxifen <0.02 (i.e. not found) 1
(No MRL) 0.03 1
TOMATO, BEEFSTEAK Imported (EC): 7 samples analysed
bitertanol <0.02 (i.e. not found) 6
(CAC MRL = 3) 0.03 1
iprodione <0.02 (i.e. not found) 5
(MRL = 5) 0.03, 0.04 2
pyridaben <0.02 (i.e. not found) 6
(No MRL) 0.02 1
pyrimethanil <0.02 (i.e. not found) 5
(No MRL) 0.02, 0.03 2
thiacloprid <0.02 (i.e. not found) 6
(MRL = 0.5) 0.08 1
151
Commodity/Pesticide Concentration range (mg/kg) Number of samples in range
TOMATO, CHERRY Imported (EC): 6 samples analysed
chlorothalonil <0.01 (i.e. not found) 5
(MRL = 2) 0.02 1
pyridaben <0.02 (i.e. not found) 5
(No MRL) 0.03 1
triadimenol <0.02 (i.e. not found) 4
(MRL = 0.3) 0.04, 0.06 2
TOMATO, PLUM Imported (EC): 4 samples analysed
acetamiprid <0.02 (i.e. not found) 3
(No MRL) 0.03 1
TOMATO, ROUND Imported (EC): 4 samples analysed
boscalid <0.02 (i.e. not found) 3
(No MRL) 0.05 1
TOMATO, VINE Imported (EC): 7 samples analysed
azoxystrobin <0.02 (i.e. not found) 6
(MRL = 2) 0.09 1
bupirimate <0.02 (i.e. not found) 6
(No MRL) 0.02 1
fenhexamid <0.02 (i.e. not found) 6
(MRL = 1) 0.05 1
hexythiazox <0.02 (i.e. not found) 6
(CAC MRL = 0.1) 0.09 1
iprodione <0.02 (i.e. not found) 6
(MRL = 5) 0.2 1
procymidone <0.02 (i.e. not found) 6
(MRL = 2) 0.09 1
Imported (EC) samples of tomato were from Belgium (1), Italy (2), Poland (1), Spain (3), the Netherlands
(21).
Imported (Non-EC) samples of tomato were from Morocco (2).
UK samples of tomato (16).
Residues were distributed by country of origin, as follows:
acetamiprid Italy (1)
azoxystrobin the Netherlands (1), UK (1)
bitertanol the Netherlands (1)
boscalid the Netherlands (1)
bupirimate the Netherlands (1)
chlorothalonil Spain (1)
fludioxonil UK (1)
fenhexamid the Netherlands (1), UK (1)
hexythiazox the Netherlands (1)
iprodione Poland (1), the Netherlands (2), UK (3)
procymidone Poland (1)
152
pyridaben the Netherlands (2)
pyrimethanil the Netherlands (2), UK (1)
pyriproxifen Morocco (1)
thiacloprid the Netherlands (1)
triadimenol Spain (2)
No residues were found in 1 of the 2 UK beefsteak samples
No residues were found in any of the UK cherry samples
No residues were found in any of the UK plum samples
No residues were found in 1 of the 6 UK round samples
No residues were found in any of the UK vine samples
No residues were found in 1 of the 2 Imported (Non-EC) cherry samples
No residues were found in 2 of the 7 Imported (EC) beefsteak samples
No residues were found in 3 of the 6 Imported (EC) cherry samples
No residues were found in 3 of the 4 Imported (EC) plum samples
No residues were found in 3 of the 4 Imported (EC) round samples
No residues were found in 4 of the 7 Imported (EC) vine samples
153
Table 26b. Residues detected in samples of TOMATOES obtained between July and November 2007 continued
Residues (1-2 compounds) were found in 20 of the 46 samples as follows:
Number PRC Type of Residues found (mg/kg) Country of origin
of Sample ID TOMATO
residues
ACET AZOX BIT BOS BUP CLN FLUD FNHX HEX IPR PCM PYB PYM PYX THC TRIA
(1) 5149/2007 ROUND - 0.06 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - UK
5372/2007 ROUND - - - - - - - - - 0.07 - - - - - - UK
5389/2007 ROUND - - - - - - - - - 0.04 - - - - - - UK
5419/2007 BEEFSTEAK - - - - - - - 0.02 - - - - - - - - UK
5440/2007 ROUND - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.02 - - - UK
5402/2007 CHERRY - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.03 - - Morocco
5329/2007 PLUM 0.03 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Italy
5112/2007 CHERRY - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.06 Spain
5084/2007 BEEFSTEAK - - 0.03 - - - - - - - - - - - - - the Netherlands
5425/2007 CHERRY - - - - - - - - - - - 0.03 - - - - the Netherlands
5438/2007 BEEFSTEAK - - - - - - - - - 0.03 - - - - - - the Netherlands
5484/2007 BEEFSTEAK - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.03 - - - the Netherlands
8114/2007 ROUND - - - 0.05 - - - - - - - - - - - - the Netherlands
(2) 5120/2007 ROUND - - - - - - 0.02 - - 0.1 - - - - - - UK
5374/2007 VINE - - - - - - - - - 0.2 0.09 - - - - - Poland
9160/2007 CHERRY - - - - - 0.02 - - - - - - - - - 0.04 Spain
5055/2007 VINE - - - - 0.02 - - 0.05 - - - - - - - - the Netherlands
5117/2007 VINE - 0.09 - - - - - - 0.09 - - - - - - - the Netherlands
5118/2007 BEEFSTEAK - - - - - - - - - 0.04 - - 0.02 - - - the Netherlands
5408/2007 BEEFSTEAK - - - - - - - - - - - 0.02 - - 0.08 - the Netherlands
The abbreviations used for the pesticide names are as follows:
ACET acetamiprid AZOX azoxystrobin BIT bitertanol
BOS boscalid BUP bupirimate CLN chlorothalonil
FLUD fludioxonil FNHX fenhexamid HEX hexythiazox
IPR iprodione PCM procymidone PYB pyridaben
PYM pyrimethanil PYX pyriproxifen THC thiacloprid
TRIA triadimenol
154
Table 26c. Residues detected in samples of TOMATOES obtained between July
and November 2007 continued
The following pesticide(s) were actively sought but not found at or above their reporting limits (in
parentheses in mg/kg):
2-phenylphenol (0.02) diuron (0.02) methomyl (0.02) tetrachlorvinphos (0.02)
acephate (0.02) endosulfan (0.02) methoxychlor (0.02) tetradifon (0.02)
acrinathrin (0.05) EPN (0.02) metolcarb (0.02) tetramethrin (0.02)
aldicarb (0.02) epoxiconazole (0.02) mevinphos (0.02) tetreconazole (0.02)
aldrin (0.02) ethiofencarb (0.02) monocrotophos (0.02) thiabendazole (0.02)
atrazine (0.02) ethion (0.02) myclobutanil (0.02) thiamethoxam (0.02)
benalaxyl (0.02) ethofumesate (0.02) omethoate (0.02) thiodicarb (0.02)
bendiocarb (0.02) ethoprophos (0.02) oxadixyl (0.02) tolclofos-methyl (0.02)
bifenthrin (0.02) etrimfos (0.02) oxamyl (0.02) tolylfluanid (0.02)
biphenyl (0.02) famoxadone (0.02) oxydemeton-methyl triadimefon (0.02)
bromopropylate (0.02) fenarimol (0.02) (0.02) triazophos (0.02)
bromoxynil (0.02) fenazaquin (0.02) paclobutrazol (0.02) trifloxystrobin (0.02)
buprofezin (0.02) fenbuconazole (0.02) parathion (0.02) trifluralin (0.02)
cadusafos (0.02) fenitrothion (0.02) parathion-methyl (0.02) vinclozolin (0.02)
captan (0.05) fenoxycarb (0.02) penconazole (0.02) zoxamide (0.02)
carbaryl (0.02) fenpropathrin (0.02) pencycuron (0.02)
carbendazim (0.02) fenpropimorph (0.02) pendimethalin (0.02)
carbofuran (0.01) fenpyroximate (0.02) permethrin (0.02)
chlorfenvinphos (0.02) fenthion (0.02) phenthoate (0.02)
chlormequat (0.05) fenvalerate (0.02) phorate (0.02)
chlorobenzilate (0.02) fipronil (0.02) phosalone (0.02)
chlorotoluron (0.02) flufenacet (0.02) phosmet (0.02)
chlorpropham (0.02) flusilazole (0.02) phosphamidon (0.02)
chlorpyrifos (0.02) folpet (0.05) picoxystrobin (0.02)
chlorpyrifos-methyl fonofos (0.05) pirimicarb (0.02)
(0.02) formothion (0.02) pirimiphos-ethyl (0.02)
chlorthal-dimethyl (0.02) fosthiazate (0.02) pirimiphos-methyl (0.02)
chlozolinate (0.02) furalaxyl (0.02) prochloraz (0.02)
cyfluthrin (0.05) furathiocarb (0.02) profenofos (0.02)
cymoxanil (0.02) heptenophos (0.02) propargite (0.02)
cypermethrin (0.05) hexaconazole (0.02) propham (0.02)
cyproconazole (0.02) imazalil (0.02) propiconazole (0.02)
cyprodinil (0.02) imidacloprid (0.02) propoxur (0.02)
DDT (0.02) indoxacarb (0.02) propyzamide (0.02)
deltamethrin (0.05) iprovalicarb (0.02) prothiofos (0.02)
demeton-S-methyl isazophos (0.02) pyraclostrobin (0.02)
sulphone (0.02) isocarbophos (0.02) pyrazophos (0.02)
diazinon (0.02) isofenphos (0.02) pyrethrins (0.02)
dichlofluanid (0.02) isofenphos-methyl pyrifenox (0.02)
dichlorvos (0.02) (0.02) quassia (0.02)
dicloran (0.02) kresoxim-methyl (0.02) quinalphos (0.02)
dicofol (0.05) lambda-cyhalothrin quinoxyfen (0.02)
dicrotophos (0.02) (0.02) quintozene (0.02)
dieldrin (0.02) lindane (0.02) rotenone (0.02)
diethofencarb (0.02) malathion (0.02) simazine (0.02)
difenoconazole (0.02) mecarbam (0.02) spinosad (0.02)
diflubenzuron (0.02) mepanipyrim (0.02) spiroxamine (0.02)
dimethoate (0.02) mepiquat (0.05) tau-fluvalinate (0.02)
dimethomorph (0.02) metalaxyl (0.02) tebuconazole (0.02)
dimoxystrobin (0.02) methacrifos (0.02) tebufenozide (0.02)
diphenylamine (0.02) methamidophos (0.01) tebufenpyrad (0.02)
disulfoton (0.02) methidathion (0.02) tecnazene (0.02)
dithiocarbamates (0.05) methiocarb (0.02) tefluthrin (0.02)
155
Table 27 Residues detected in retail samples of TURKEY purchased between
October and December 2007
Commodity/Pesticide Concentration range (mg/kg) Number of samples in range
TURKEY, UK: 67 samples analysed
None found - 67
TURKEY, Imported (EC): 3 samples analysed
None found - 3
Imported (EC) samples of turkey were from France (1), Germany (1), Poland (1).
UK samples of turkey (67).
No residues were found in any of the UK samples
No residues were found in any of the Imported (EC) samples
The following pesticide(s) were actively sought but not found at or above their reporting limits (in
parentheses in mg/kg):
aldrin (0.002) DDT (0.002) heptachlor (0.002)
alpha-HCH (0.002) dieldrin (0.002) hexachlorobenzene (0.002)
beta-HCH (0.002) endosulfan (0.002) lindane (0.002)
chlordane (0.002) endrin (0.002)
156
Table 28a. Residues detected in retail samples of WATER (BOTTLED) purchased
between July and October 2007
Commodity/Pesticide Concentration range (mg/kg) Number of samples in range
WATER (BOTTLED), SPARKLING UK: 28 samples analysed
None found - 28
WATER (BOTTLED), STILL UK: 86 samples analysed
None found - 86
WATER (BOTTLED), STILL Imported (Non-EC): 1 samples analysed
None found - 1
WATER (BOTTLED), SPARKLING Imported (EC): 3 samples analysed
None found - 3
WATER (BOTTLED), STILL Imported (EC): 38 samples analysed
None found - 38
Imported (EC) samples of water (bottled) were from France (35), Ireland (4), Italy (2).
Imported (Non-EC) samples of water (bottled) were from Turkey (1).
UK samples of water (bottled) (114).
No residues were found in any of the UK sparkling samples
No residues were found in any of the UK still samples
No residues were found in any of the Imported (Non-EC) still samples
No residues were found in any of the Imported (EC) sparkling samples
No residues were found in any of the Imported (EC) still samples
The following pesticide(s) were actively sought but not found at or above their reporting limits (in
parentheses in mg/kg):
2,4-D (0.0001) ethion (0.0001) penconazole (0.0001)
2-phenylphenol (0.0001) ethofumesate (0.0001) pendimethalin (0.0001)
acetamiprid (0.0001) ethoprophos (0.0001) permethrin (0.0001)
acrinathrin (0.0001) etrimfos (0.0001) phenthoate (0.0001)
aldicarb (0.0001) famoxadone (0.0001) phorate (0.0001)
aldrin (0.0001) fenarimol (0.0001) phosalone (0.0001)
atrazine (0.0001) fenazaquin (0.0001) phosmet (0.0001)
azoxystrobin (0.0001) fenbuconazole (0.0001) phosphamidon (0.0001)
benalaxyl (0.0001) fenhexamid (0.0001) picoxystrobin (0.0001)
bendiocarb (0.0001) fenitrothion (0.0001) pirimicarb (0.0001)
bentazone (0.0001) fenoxycarb (0.0001) pirimiphos-ethyl (0.0001)
bifenthrin (0.0001) fenpropathrin (0.0001) pirimiphos-methyl (0.0001)
biphenyl (0.0001) fenpropimorph (0.0001) prochloraz (0.0001)
bitertanol (0.0001) fenpyroximate (0.0001) procymidone (0.0001)
boscalid (0.0001) fenthion (0.0001) profenofos (0.0001)
bromopropylate (0.0001) fenvalerate (0.0001) propargite (0.0001)
bupirimate (0.0001) fipronil (0.0001) propham (0.0001)
buprofezin (0.0001) fludioxonil (0.0001) propiconazole (0.0001)
cadusafos (0.0001) flufenacet (0.0001) propoxur (0.0001)
captan (0.0001) flusilazole (0.0001) propyzamide (0.0001)
157
carbaryl (0.0001) folpet (0.0001) prothiofos (0.0001)
carbendazim (0.0001) fonofos (0.0001) pyraclostrobin (0.0001)
carbofuran (0.0001) formothion (0.0001) pyrazophos (0.0001)
carbosulfan (0.0001) fosthiazate (0.0001) pyrethrins (0.0001)
chlorfenvinphos (0.0001) furalaxyl (0.0001) pyridaben (0.0001)
chlorobenzilate (0.0001) furathiocarb (0.0001) pyrifenox (0.0001)
chlorotoluron (0.0001) heptenophos (0.0001) pyrimethanil (0.0001)
chlorpropham (0.0001) hexaconazole (0.0001) pyriproxifen (0.0001)
chlorpyrifos (0.0001) hexythiazox (0.0001) quassia (0.0001)
chlorpyrifos-methyl (0.0001) imazalil (0.0001) quinalphos (0.0001)
chlorthal-dimethyl (0.0001) imidacloprid (0.0001) quinoxyfen (0.0001)
chlozolinate (0.0001) indoxacarb (0.0001) quintozene (0.0001)
clopyralid (0.0001) iprodione (0.0001) rotenone (0.0001)
cyanazine (0.0001) iprovalicarb (0.0001) simazine (0.0001)
cyfluthrin (0.0001) isazophos (0.0001) spiroxamine (0.0001)
cymoxanil (0.0001) isocarbophos (0.0001) tau-fluvalinate (0.0001)
cypermethrin (0.0001) isofenphos (0.0001) tebuconazole (0.0001)
cyproconazole (0.0001) isofenphos-methyl (0.0001) tebufenozide (0.0001)
cyprodinil (0.0001) isoproturon (0.0001) tebufenpyrad (0.0001)
DDT (0.0001) kresoxim-methyl (0.0001) tecnazene (0.0001)
deltamethrin (0.0001) lambda-cyhalothrin (0.0001) tefluthrin (0.0001)
demeton-S-methyl sulphone lindane (0.0001) terbutryn (0.0001)
(0.0001)
diazinon (0.0001) malathion (0.0001) tetrachlorvinphos (0.0001)
dicamba (0.0001) MCPA (0.0001) tetradifon (0.0001)
dichlorprop (0.0001) mecarbam (0.0001) tetramethrin (0.0001)
dichlorvos (0.0001) mecoprop (0.0001) tetreconazole (0.0001)
dicloran (0.0001) mepanipyrim (0.0001) thiabendazole (0.0001)
dicofol (0.0001) metalaxyl (0.0001) thiacloprid (0.0001)
dicrotophos (0.0001) metazachlor (0.0001) thiamethoxam (0.0001)
dieldrin (0.0001) methacrifos (0.0001) thiodicarb (0.0001)
diethofencarb (0.0001) methidathion (0.0001) tolclofos-methyl (0.0001)
difenoconazole (0.0001) methiocarb (0.0001) tolylfluanid (0.0001)
diflubenzuron (0.0001) methomyl (0.0001) triadimefon (0.0001)
dimethoate (0.0001) methoxychlor (0.0001) triadimenol (0.0001)
dimethomorph (0.0001) metolcarb (0.0001) triazamate (0.0001)
dimoxystrobin (0.0001) mevinphos (0.0001) triazophos (0.0001)
diphenylamine (0.0001) Monuron (0.0001) triclopyr (0.0001)
disulfoton (0.0001) myclobutanil (0.0001) trietazine (0.0001)
diuron (0.0001) oxadixyl (0.0001) trifloxystrobin (0.0001)
endosulfan (0.0001) oxamyl (0.0001) trifluralin (0.0001)
EPN (0.0001) paclobutrazol (0.0001) vinclozolin (0.0001)
epoxiconazole (0.0001) parathion (0.0001) zoxamide (0.0001)
ethiofencarb (0.0001) parathion-methyl (0.0001)
158
Appendix D
Additional Action Taken
Action taken by PSD
PSD prepared Rapid Alerts about:
• one sample of peaches from the USA that contained residues of carbaryl that could lead to intakes
above the ARfD for some consumer groups.
PSD wrote to:
• the suppliers of all samples containing residues above the MRL
• the suppliers of all samples that risk assessments showed contained residues that could lead to
intakes above the ARfD for their information
• the authorities of the exporting countries of all samples containing residues above the MRL
• the suppliers of UK samples that contained residues that were not approved for that crop
• the Organics branch of Defra about samples that were labelled as organic and contained residues
on pesticides not approved for organic production.
Recipients of the letters are given 4 weeks to provide a statement for inclusion in the report. The PRC
reviews any replies received.
Comments received
International Produce response:
Sample No. 7631/2007 Braeburn apples
Following the letter received on the 25th March regarding Diphenylamine detected on ASDA Braeburn
Apples, I confirmed on the 28th March the details of the supplier:
Tracebility:
Exporter Copefruit
Packhouse CENFRUT - Longitudinal Sur
KM 185
Romeral
Chile
Although the level of diphenylamine found was in excess of the MRL the level was within the range for the
uncertainty of the analytical measurement recommended by the EU to be used by regulatory authorities
when making enforcement decisions.
Re-analysis of the retained sub - sample by our appointed accredited laboratory confirmed the presence of
diphenylamine but at a level below the MRL.
Active Ingredient PRC sample Result Body Cote Law MRL (mg/kg)
(mg/kg) Labs Retest
Result (mg/kg)
Diphenylamine 5.6 1.83 5
Thiabendazole 1.02 1.14 5
Thiacloprid 0.05 0.05 0.3
Pyrimethanil - 0.02 5 (import tolerance)
Our routine analysis of product from the same source on 26/07/2007 (one week prior to the surveillance
sample being taken) found a diphenylamine level of 1.0 mg/kg, on this basis product was deemed compliant
and fit for supply.
159
Based on this information we believe that publication of this result as an MRL exceedance would therefore
be unreasonable.
We are reassured by the results of the consumer intake risk assessment which show it is considered very
unlikely that this intake marginally above the Acute Reference Dose would lead to any effect on health.
Response from PSD
It is PSD policy to publish our measured value. We have referred to this response in the Brand Name
Anenx.
Co-op response:
Sample N0 8388/2007 Grapes
As part of the special grape survey taking place, a sample of our grapes was taken from one of our stores on
the 29th Oct 2007, a residue of Carbofuran at 0.05 (MRL 0.02) was found.
We have carried out a full investigation into this including a full paperwork traceback relating to this
consignment of grapes. Records do not show that this chemical was applied. The supplier also did not
request the use of this chemical which is on our prohibited list, where we restrict its use within our total
produce supply base. The supplier is unable to determine how this residue occurred. A further site
investigation to Brazil is to be organised in the future before this grower and marketing organisation can start
to re-supply the Co-op.
We have had the same sample re-tested by our own pesticide testing laboratory and we agree with the level
found by the PRC nominated lab.
All Co-op produce is tested by both the producer and ourselves to ensure pesticide levels meet legal
requirements. In line with a well-established policy the Co-operative Group will continue its commitment to
taking all steps necessary to ensure pesticide residues are kept to a minimum.
International Produce response:
Sample No. 8366/2007 Passion Fruit (Speciality Fruit)
I write in reference to your letter dated 25 March 2008 notifying us of a pesticide residues detected above the
Maximum Residue Limit on Passion Fruit.
Traceability:
The UK Importer: Malet Azoulet,
Columbian Exporter: Novacampo (owned by PSL)
Grower: Filiberto Rey Castellanos
Unfortunately we have not had the opportunity to retest this sample
Our investigations have shown no recorded applications of Dithiocarbamates from this grower and routine
analysis carried out by Novacampo of product from the same source on 25/09/2007 did not detected any
residues of Dithiocarbamates.
We are advised by Malet Azoulet that this was a development source and following initial pesticide issues
they implemented positive release procedures. Due to continuing issues, Malet ceased trading with
Novacampo for procurement of Passion Fruit from Columbia in November 2007.
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International Produce response:
Sample No. 8203/2007 Sweet Persimmon (Speciality Fruit)
I write in reference to your letter dated 25 March 2008 notifying us of pesticide
residues detected above the Maximum Residue Limit for Sweet Persimmon.
Traceability:
The UK Importer: Malet Azoulet,
Israeli exporter: Agrexco
Grower: Yunger Omer.
Thiacloprid was applied by this grower on the 20th of June 2007. Thiocloprid was applied legitimately for
application in Isreal. The 28day harvest interval was adhered to with the first actual harvest date was 7th
October 2007.
Although the level of Thiacloprid found was in the survey to be in excess of the MRL, the level was within the
range for the uncertainty of the analytical measurement recommended by the EU to be used by regulatory
authorities when making enforcement decisions.
Re-analysis of the retained sample by our appointed accredited laboratory detected the presence of
Thiacloprid but at a level
Re-analysis of the retained sample by our appointed accredited laboratory detected the presence of
Thiacloprid but at a level below the reporting level for the compound (0.02 mg/kg).
Active Ingredient PRC sample Result Body Cote Law MRL (mg/kg)
(mg/kg) Labs Retest Result
(mg/kg)
Thiacloprid 0.03 No Residues 0.02
detected
The MRL for Thiacloprid in Persimmon is set at the Limit of Determination not on the grounds of toxicological
significance but on the basis that no data has been provided by the manufacturer to support Good
Agricultural Practice levels on this fruit.
We are reassured by the results of the consumer intake risk assessment which show that the level found
was below the Acute Reference Dose and would not give rise to any concerns for the health of consumers.
Response from PSD
Our laboratory detected a residue of 0.03 mg/kg. The suppliers laboratory did not detect a residue.
Both analysis had a reporting limit of 0.02 mg/kg. An measurement uncertainty value around
50% based on our result could give a value somewhere between 0.015 and 0.045 mg/kg. The lower
of these is under the reporting limit of the suppliers laboratory. Therefore our analysts do not believe
it is appropriate to adjust our results.
Our laboratory detected a residue of 0.03 mg/kg. The suppliers
laboratory did not detect a residue above their reporting level. Both analysis had a reporting limit of
0.02 mg/kg. A measurement uncertainty value around 50% based on our result could give a value
somewhere between 0.015 and 0.045 mg/kg. The lower of these is under the reporting limit of both
laboratories. Therefore our analysts do not believe it is appropriate to adjust our results.
However it is important to note that the EU MRL for thiacloprid in persimmon is a LOD (Limit of
Detection) MRL at 0.02 mg/kg. These sorts of MRLs are set when there is no permitted use in the
EU and no data about residues arising in produce grown outside the EU have been submitted to
support a higher MRL. With these very low levels, it is possible for any detectable residue to be
reported as an exceedance.
If a grower outside the EU uses a pesticide with an LOD MRL on a crop for import into Europe, even
in combination with a positive release system, it is almost inevitable that exceedances will be
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detected. The only sure way to avoid exceedances of LOD MRLs is to not use that pesticide.
However we recognise that that approach may not be practical.
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Appendix E
Pesticides analysed as multi-component analytes and their reporting limits
To find the limit present of most pesticides that are sought in the PRC programme it is usually necessary to only
look for the named pesticide itself. However, some pesticides degrade or break down into other products in the
food. To gain a full picture of the total residue present it is necessary to analyse both the residue found as the
original pesticide (known as the ‘parent’) and the break-down products. Pesticides which fall into this category
are said to have multi-component analytes. MRLs will have been set based on the total pesticide present, and
therefore residues found are reported as a total of the components found above the individual analyte reporting
limits. The following table presents the reporting limits for the different components of the pesticides that we
looked for (see Appendix C) which have multi-component analytes:
Pesticide Individual Analyte Reporting Limits (mg/kg)* Remarks
Components
aldicarb aldicarb 0.02 Aldicarb is often determined as
aldicarb sulphoxide 0.02 multi-component analytes as the
aldicarb sulphone 0.02 three separate components. On
some occasions an alternative
0.02 (common moiety method) (common moiety) analytical method
that analyses all three components
together as a single analyte is used.
carbofuran carbofuran 0.01
carbofuran (3-hydroxy) 0.01
chlordane chlordane (cis) 0.002 or 0.02 each analyte
chlordane (trans) (animal products except milk)
oxychlordane
0.001 each analyte (milk)
0.01 each analyte
(cream, infant food)
0.0025 each analyte
(infant formula)
DDT o,p’-DDT 0.05 each analyte (fruit and
p,p’-DDD vegetables and fruit juice)
p,p’-DDE
p,p’-DDT 0.002 or 0.02 each analyte
(animal products)
o,p’-DDT
p,p’-DDD 0.01 each analyte
p,p’-DDE (cream, infant formula)
p,p’-DDT
dieldrin aldrin 0.05 each analyte (swede)
dieldrin
0.002 or 0.02 each analyte
(animal products)
0.01 each analyte
(cream, infant food)
0.001 each analyte
(infant formula)
dimethoate & dimethoate 0.02 each analyte Dimethoate is metabolised to
omethoate omethoate (fruit and vegetables) omethoate, although as both are
pesticides in their own right they are
reported separately.
The residue definition for dimethoate
(and omethoate) is: dimethoate (sum
of dimethoate and omethoate
expressed as dimethoate).
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disulfoton disulfoton 0.01
disulfoton sulphone 0.01
disulfoton sulfoxide 0.01
endosulfan endosulfan I 0.05 each analyte
endosulfan II (fruit and vegetables, fruit juice)
endosulfan sulphate
0.002 or 0.02 each analyte (animal
products)
0.01 each analyte (cream, infant
food, infant formula)
fenamiphos fenamiphos 0.01
fenamiphos sulphone 0.01
fenamiphos sulfoxide 0.01
heptachlor heptachlor 0.002 or 0.02 each analyte (animal
heptachlor epoxide products)
(trans)
0.01 each analyte
(cream, infant food)
0.001 each analyte
(infant formula)
oxydemeton- oxydemeton-methyl 0.01 each analyte (infant food) Demeton-s-methyl is metabolised to
methyl demeton-S- oxydemeton-methyl and demeton-S-
methylsulfone methylsulfone, although as both are
pesticides in their own right they are
reported separately.
The residue definition for
oxydemeton-methyl is: sum of
oxydemeton methyl and demeton-S-
methylsulfone expressed as
oxydemeton methyl
phorate phorate 0.01 each analyte (swede)
phorate sulphone
phorate sulfoxide 0.01 each analyte (infant formula)
quintozene quintozene 0.02 each analyte
pentachloroanaline (lettuce & fruit juice)
triadimefon & Triadimefon and 0.05 Triadimefon is metabolised to
triadimenol triadimenol 0.05 triadimenol, although as both are
pesticides in their own right they are
reported separately.
The residue definition for triadimefon
and triadimenol is: triadimefon and
triadimenol (sum of triadimefon and
triadimenol)
* An exception to these Reporting Limits is for infant foods where all individual analytes for multi-component
pesticides have an RL of 0.01 mg/kg
For animal products, the 10 x lower Reporting Limits applies if the result is being expressed on a whole
product basis (this usually applies when a food item contains <10% fat)
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Glossary
This is a ‘standard’ glossary which defines the key terms used in the PRC reports. Not all
the terms listed here are used in this particular report.
Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI): This is the amount of a chemical which can be consumed every day for a
lifetime in the practical certainty, on the basis of all known facts, that no harm will result. It is expressed in
milligrams of the chemical per kilogram of body weight of the consumer. The starting point for the derivation
of the ADI is usually the ‘no observed adverse effect level’ (NOAEL) that has been observed in animal
studies for toxicity. This is then divided by an uncertainty factor (most often 100) to allow for the possibility
that animals may be less sensitive than humans and also to account for possible variation in sensitivity
between individuals. The studies from which NOAELs and hence ADIs are derived take into account any
impurities in the pesticide active substance as manufactured, and also any toxic breakdown products of the
pesticide.
Acute Reference Dose (ARfD): The definition of the ARfD is similar to that of the ADI, but it relates to the
amount of a chemical that can be taken in at one meal or on one day without appreciable health risk to the
consumer. It is normally derived by applying an appropriate uncertainty factor to the lowest NOAEL in
studies that assess acute toxicity or developmental toxicity.
Analyte: This is the name for the substance that the PRC surveys look for and measure if present; it could
be a pesticide itself or a product from a pesticide when it is degraded, or metabolised.
COLEACP (Europe-Africa-Caribbean-Pacific Liaison Committee): It aims to promote the competitive
export of fresh fruit, vegetables, flowers and ornamental plants from the ACP. Its specialised information
and advisory services are open to all ACP companies in the horticultural export sector and are financed by
the European Commission. It has two overriding objectives to enable ACP companies to comply with
European food safety and traceability requirements and to consolidate the position of small-scale producers
in the ACP horticultural export sector.
Cryogenic Milling: Processing of commodities at very low temperatures can be achieved by milling/grinding
pre-frozen samples in the presence of dry ice, a procedure known as ‘cryogenic milling’.
Good Agricultural Practice in the Use of Pesticides (GAP): The nationally authorised safe uses of
pesticides under conditions necessary for effective and reliable pest control (the way products should be
used according to the statutory conditions of approval which are stated on the label). GAP encompasses a
range of pesticide applications up to the highest authorised rates of use, applied in a manner which leaves a
residue which is the smallest practicable. Authorised safe uses are determined at the national level and
include nationally registered recommended uses, which take into account public and occupational health and
environmental safety considerations. Actual conditions include any stage in the production, storage,
transport, distribution and processing of food commodities and animal feed.
High-level Consumer: A term used in UK risk assessment calculations to describe the amount of food
consumed by a person. In line with internationally agreed approaches, the PRC uses the 97.5th percentile
value, which is generally about three times the average amount consumed. This takes account of different
eating patterns that may occur throughout the population.
Import Tolerance: an MRL set for imported products where the use of the active substance in a plant
protection product on a commodity is not authorised in the European Community (EC) or an existing EC
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MRL is not sufficient to meet the needs of international trade. All import tolerances are assessed for
consumer safety.
Imported: The tables in the reports record whether the sample was of UK origin, or imported. This can
mean different things depending on the commodity. See also ‘Origin’. The PRC report the country from
where the produce has been imported only if this is clear from the packaging or labelling.
JMPR: Joint FAO/WHO Meeting on Pesticide Residues, which conducts scientific evaluations of pesticide
residues in food.
Limit of Determination (LOD): The limit of determination is the lowest concentration of a pesticide residue
or contaminant that can be routinely identified and quantitatively measured in a specified food, agricultural
commodity or animal feed with an acceptable degree of certainty by the method of analysis.
Maximum Residue Level (MRL): The maximum concentration of a pesticide residue (expressed as mg/kg)
legally permitted in or on food commodities and animal feeds. MRLs are based on good agricultural practice
data and residues in foods derived from commodities that comply with the respective MRLs are intended to
be toxicologically acceptable.
MRLs are intended primarily as a check that GAP is being followed and to assist international trade in
produce treated with pesticides. MRLs are not in themselves ‘safety limits’, and exposure to residues in
excess of an MRL does not automatically imply a hazard to health.
The MRLs applicable in the UK are now largely set under EC legislation.
Website link: www.pesticides.gov.uk/food_industry.asp?id=548
Maximum Residue Limits (CODEX or CAC): In cases where there are no UK or EC MRLs, the
acceptability of residues may be judged against Codex Maximum Residue Limits. Although not embodied in
UK statute, Codex limits are taken as presumptive standards. These limits give an indication of the likely
highest residue that should occur in edible crops. These are based on worldwide uses and the residues
trials data to support those uses, at the time of evaluation (date of setting the limits is specified and thus the
Maximum Residue Limit applicable up to that year, but will not take into account subsequent approved uses.)
There are occasions where the MRL that has been set by Codex may not reflect current UK Good
Agricultural Practice (e.g. the Codex MRLs for dithiocarbamates and propamocarb on lettuce). In such
circumstances it is possible to exceed the Codex MRL through a UK approved use. This factor needs to be
taken into account when assessing results.
Maximum Residue Levels set at the LOD (LOD MRL): For some pesticides and commodities, insufficient
trials data are available on which to set a maximum residue level or there may be no use of the pesticide on
that crop. In these cases, the MRL may be set at a default level, i.e. at the limit of determination (LOD)
where analytical methods can reasonably detect the presence of the pesticide. These MRLs are not based
on Good Agricultural Practice (GAP).
MRL exceedances: When a residue is found at a level higher than that set for the MRL.
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MRL Exceedances and Relationship with the Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI): Before permitting any use
of a pesticide, a detailed assessment is made to ensure that residues in foods derived from commodities
comply with MRLs and will not give rise to unacceptable risks to consumers. MRLs do take account of
consumer safety aspects and, in effect, are set at levels below safety limits. However, MRLs must not be
confused with safety limits, which are expressed in terms of the acceptable daily intake (ADI) of a particular
pesticide residue from all sources. The ADI (expressed as mg/kg bw/day) is the amount of chemical that can
be consumed every day of an individual’s entire lifetime in the practical certainty, on the basis of all known
facts, that no harm will result. See ADI for further information.
Whenever unexpectedly high or unusual residues occur during monitoring, the risk to consumers, from
exposure to residues at the highest levels found, is assessed by comparison of predicted intakes with the
ADI or ARfD as appropriate.
No MRL: For certain pesticides, an MRL may not have been set.
UKT MRL: For certain pesticide a temporary national MRL has been set. UKT MRLs are worked out by PSD.
The level indicates the amount of residue expected when the pesticide is applied in accordance with good
agricultural practice (GAP). The UK has a number of UKT MRLs, these take precedence over provisional
EC levels.
Extraneous Residue Limit (ERL): An ERL refers to a pesticide residue or a contaminant arising from
environmental sources (including former agricultural uses) other than the use of a pesticide or a contaminant
substance directly or indirectly on the commodity. It is the maximum concentration of a pesticide residue or
contaminant that is recommended by the Codex Alimentarius Commission (CAC) to be legally permitted or
recognised as acceptable in or on a food, agricultural commodity or animal feed.
Metabolite: A degradation or conversion product from a pesticide when it is metabolised.
NEDI: National Estimate of Daily Intake. An estimate of intake of pesticide in the diet over the long-term to
compare to the ADI. The NEDI is based on median or mean residue levels and a high level consumption
(97.5th percentile value) for the daily amounts of the food item consumed over the long term. For further
details on the calculation of NEDIs please refer to section 3 of the data requirements handbook:
http://www.pesticides.gov.uk/applicant_guide.asp
NESTI: National Estimate of Short Term Intake. An estimate of peak intake of pesticide in the diet to
compare to the ARfD. The NESTI is based on the highest residue found multiplied by a variability factor (see
glossary description) and a high level consumption (97.5th percentile value) for the amount of the food item
consumed over a single day. For further details on the calculation of NESTIs please refer to section 3 of the
data requirements handbook:
http://www.pesticides.gov.uk/applicant_guide.asp
No Observed Adverse Effect Level (NOAEL): The highest level of continual exposure to a chemical which
causes no significant adverse effect on morphology, biochemistry, functional capacity, growth, development
or life span of individuals of the target species which may be animal or human.
Origin: The brand name annex reports the origins of the samples tested. This can mean different things
depending on the commodity. For example, butter is often labelled as ‘UK origin’; however, the majority of it
comes in bulk from New Zealand and is split into smaller blocks and packaged in the UK. Lettuce is a fresh
produce and ‘UK origin’ usually means that it has been grown and packaged in the UK. Processed
commodities such as cereal bars often contain multiple raw ingredients, each of which may come from a
different source/origin. Therefore, the origin of the produce usually reflects the place where it was
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manufactured. The PRC report the origin as stated on the packaging or labelling of the commodity
concerned, unless other more accurate information is available to indicate that the origin is from elsewhere.
Some products are listed as ‘unknown origin’ because the labelling does not give this information.
Permitted Level (PL): The permitted levels (expressed as mg/kg), in specific commodities, of some
substances which can be classified as pesticides but are controlled under the Miscellaneous Food Additives
Regulations 1995 (S.I. 1995 No. 3187).
Pesticide: A pesticide is any substance, preparation or organism prepared or used for destroying any pest.
The majority of pesticides sought by the PRC in its monitoring are those used to control pests in agricultural
crops, although non-agricultural products may be included where there is a specific reason for doing so, e.g.
where there are implications in terms of possible intakes of residues.
Probabilistic Modelling: The usual estimates of consumer exposure use single high values for both
consumption amounts and residue levels. Whilst these are based on realistic UK dietary survey data and
residue levels, they tend to overestimate most representative intakes. This is because they do not take into
account actual variations in both amounts consumed and residue levels. Probabilistic modelling is a
technique that considers all the possible different combinations of consumption and residue levels. This
provides information on the probability of particular intakes occurring.
Rapid Alert System for Food and Feed (RASFF): The European Commission operates an EU rapid alert
system for food, which was set up in 1992. This provides the competent authorities in the Member States of
the European Union with the means of notifying cases where high residues of pesticides have been found in
imported samples. Since its introduction this system has proved a successful method for disseminating
information between Members States allowing swift action where necessary. PSD notify the Food Standards
Agency of any residues where the predicted intakes are above the ARfD. RASFFs are only raised when a
potential consumer risk has been identified. In general, for intakes exceeding the ARfD by more than 1.1
times, the FSA will raise a RASFF. If a significant consumer health concern has been identified, then a
product withdrawal/recall is effected and the FSA will also issue a food alert.
Relationship between GAP and MRLs: The MRL can be defined as the maximum concentration of a
pesticide residue (expressed as mg/kg) likely to occur in or on food commodities and animal feeds, after the
use of the pesticide according to the GAP.
Reporting Limit: The reporting limit is the lowest calibrated level employed during analysis to detect
residues. The reporting limit may vary slightly from laboratory to laboratory depending on the equipment
available and operating procedures used.
Reporting Level: The reporting level is the lowest calibrated level employed during analysis to detect
residues. The reporting limit may vary slightly from laboratory to laboratory depending on the equipment
available and operating procedures used.
‘None were Detected above the Set RL’: This term is used in the Brand Name Annex, where no residues
were found above their reporting limit.
Residue: Residues may be present in vegetable and animal products following the application(s) of a
pesticide(s). They may not only include the pesticide that was applied but other degradation or reaction
products and metabolites that may be of toxicological significance. The levels or amounts of residues
present are expressed in milligrams of the chemical in a kilogram of crop/food/commodity (mg/kg), or parts
per million.
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Risk Assessment: A risk assessment is carried out when residues are found in foods to determine
whether, at the levels found, they present a concern for consumer health or not. Consumer risk
assessments are routinely conducted as part of the approval process for pesticides and are based on
residue trials. Approval of a pesticide is only recommended when the consumer risk is acceptable.
Sample: The nature of all samples is as designated in the EC’s ‘sampling’ Directive – 2002/63/EC.
Examples are: apple – at least 10 apples weighing at least 1 kg; grapes – at least 5 bunches, weighing at
least 2 kg.
Specific Off-Label Approval (SOLA): For many reasons, label recommendations of approved pesticides
do not cover the control of every problem which may arise. This is particularly true for crops that are grown
on a comparatively small scale in the UK as well as for sporadic pests and diseases. It is for this reason that
the extrapolations presented in the Long Term Arrangements for Extension of Use have been developed. If
these do not address particular needs growers or their representatives may apply to PSD for a specific off-
label approval (SOLA).
Technical Exceedances: When an MRL has been set at the LOD because there have been no data to
support a higher level. In the context of this report, ‘technical exceedances’ always relate to produce from
third countries.
Variability Factor: A value that describes the variation in residue levels between the highest unit level and
the average level in samples made up of many units. Internationally this is agreed to be the 97.5th
percentile unit residue level divided by the average of the sum. The variability factor multiplied by the
measured residue level from a composite sample (i.e. a sample made up by mixing several units before
analysis) gives an estimate of the likely higher residue levels that may have occurred in individual units.
These estimated higher levels are used in short-term risk assessments involving fruit and vegetables where
consumers eat only a portion of a single item, e.g. melon, or a small number of units e.g. apples and
potatoes.
Ware: Ware potatoes, sometimes referred to as main crop potatoes, are harvested between August and
November, and are available throughout the period August to June because they are stored under controlled
temperature after October.
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Our next quarterly report is due to be published in September 2008
Quarter 1 of 2008 will look at residues in:
Celery Chillies Herbs (Special Survey)
Grapes Lettuce Milk
Pears Peppers Pineapple
Prawns Sausages Soft Citrus
Tomatoes Wine
For further details on information contained in this report, previous surveys or
information concerning pesticide residues in food
Please contact:
Pesticide Residues Committee
Pesticides Safety Directorate
Room 308, Mallard House
Kings Pool
Peasholme Green
York YO1 7PX
Tel: 01904 455751
prc@psd.hse.gsi.gov.uk
Or visit our website at:
www.prc-uk.org
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