agriscience msu edu

							Circulatory System
     Melinda Klockziem
(3202H) Topic: Circulatory
          System
              Hematology
   Study of Blood
            Structure of Blood
   Blood is composed of :
    – 40% cells and 60 % plasma
   The cells that are in the blood are:
    – Erythrocytes (red blood cells)
    – Leukocytes (white blood cells)
    – Platelets
              Hematopoiesis
   The formation and development of blood
    cells
    – hem = blood, poiesis =formation &
      development.


   All blood cells develop in the bone marrow
    from one type of cell
Erythrocyte (Red Blood Cell)
 The most abundant blood cell
 Function – transport O2 throughout the
  body
    Leukocytes (White Blood Cells)
 The body’s main defense against
  infection
 5 Types of WBC
    –   Neutrophil
    –   Basophil
    –   Eosinophil
    –   Lymphocyte
    –   Monocyte
      Thrombocyte (Platelets)
   Hemostasis (clotting)
    – stop bleeding by adhering to damaged vessels
      and clumping together release proteins that
      help form a clot
          Clinical Hematology
   PCV
    – Packed Cell Volume
 Is the percentage of the RBC compared to
  the total sample.
 If below normal
    – Anemia
   Normal Values %
    – Dog: 37-55    Horse: 32-48
    – Cat: 30-45    Bovine: 24-46
                 Arteries
 Thick-walled muscular vessels
 Carry blood away from the heart
 Arteries are used as pulse points on the
  body.
                         Arteries
   Blood Pressure
    – Vasoconstriction
        Contracts diameter
         decrease Increase BP
    – Vasodilatation
        Relaxes  diameter
         increases  decrease
         BP
   Largest Artery
    – Aorta
    – Originates from the
      left ventricle.
                                 sonofsun.sdsu.edu/class/bio590/ pictures/lect5/5.2.html
www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ ency/imagepages/8983.htm
                    Veins
 Carry blood to the
  heart
 Much thinner and less
  muscular than
  arteries
 Contain valves to
  keep blood flowing in
  one directions



                          sonofsun.sdsu.edu/class/bio590/ pictures/lect5/5.2.html
                    Veins
   Largest Vein
    – Vena cava
   Used for blood collection and
    administration of intravenous medications