Diffusion in Al Ni Ce Melts

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Hahn-Meitner-Institute Berlin Diffusion in Al-Ni-Ce Melts Axel Griesche, Michael-Peter Macht HMI Berlin, Dept. Materials (SF3) Günter Frohberg TU Berlin, Inst. for Material Sciences and Technology, Dept. Metal Physics DFG-SPP 1120 >Phase Transformations in Multicomponent Melts< Motivation • Influence of structure and thermodynamic forces on diffusion in metallic melts? Dik = (D*i Nk + D*k Ni )Φ M L.S. Darken, Trans. AIME 180 (1948) 430 in melts? J.R. Manning, Phys. Rev. 124, 2 (1961) 470 ambiguous result in SnIn melts: M ≠ 1 G. Frohberg in Scientific Results of the German Spacelab Mission D-2, DLR Cologne (1994) 275ff • AlNi20, AlNi20Ce3, AlNi10Ce3 2 Long-Capillary Technique ∅1,5 mm x 30 mm 80 Ni Ce 10 ICP-MS 70 -1 0 1 0 x [cm] Corrections: • sample length • effective diffusion time t =0 T = RT ∆C = 10 at% t >0 T > Tliq Dik = fit parameter relative error = ±30...40% 3 CNi CCe [at.-%] CAl [at.-%] EDS AAS 90 20 Al Check for additional Transport mean square penetration depth -5 [10 m²] Al87Ni10Ce3 4 2 Al/Ni 0 0 1000 2000 3000 diffusion time [s] • x² = 2Dt ⇒ no additional transport 4 Check for additional Transport mean square penetration depth -5 [10 m²] AlNi20 4 2 Al/Ni 0 0 1000 2000 diffusion time [s] • x² = 2Dt + x²0 ⇒ additional transport segregation Al3Ni2 5 Boltzmann-Matano Analysis 1,0 e.g. Al87Ni10Ce3 -0,04 MultiDiFlux Ji [at.-% µm/s] Al rel. Ci 0,8 0,2 Matano planes JAl JNi 0,00 M.A. Dayananda, Purdue Uni. Ni 0,0 Ce -2 0 2 0,04 ⇒ conc. independence of D x [cm] • Matano planes at x = 0 • JAl + JNi = 1 ⇒ quasi-binary 6 Thermodynamic Factor Φ Pandat R. Schmid-Fetzer / Uni. Clausthal xNi & xCe [at.-%] 0,2 6 Al Ni 0,0 Φi = 1+ (d ln(γi) / d ln(xi)) Φi [a.u.] µi = µ0,i + RT ln(ai) 4 2 0 1175 K 0,8 1,0 Ce xAl [at.-%] • Φi depends strongly on alloy composition 7 Ni Self Diffusion in AlNi 10 -8 AlNi20 AlNi30 • increase of D*Ni with xAl AlNi10 Al(Ni) DNi [m²/s] Ni ⇒ influence of CSRO NiAl25 %Al ∆ Garandet, Griesche et al, I. J. Thermophys. 25, 1 (2004) 249  Horbach, Meyer et al., APL 82,1 (2005) 11918 -9 10 0,4 0,8 1000 / T [K ] -1 1,2 8 T [K] 2000 1750 1E-7 1500 Darken-Test in AlNi20 1250 D [m²/s] 1E-8 Ni Al • calc. DAlNi = exp. DAlNi ⇒ Darken fulfilled 1E-9 0,6 0,8 1000/T [K ] ∆ Horbach, Meyer et al., APL 82,1 (2005) 11918 exp. interdiffusion, this work calc. w/ Darken-Eq., M=1 9 -1 Darken-Test in Al87Ni10Ce3 15 Al82Ni15Ce vs. Al92Ni5Ce Ni Ce -2 0 2 EDS Profiler 15 AlNi12Ce1 vs. AlNi8Ce5 10 10 ci [at.-%] ci [at.-%] Ni 5 5 Ce 0 0 -2 0 2 x [cm] x [cm] 15 Al89NiCe1 vs. Al85NiCe5 Ni PROFILER J. Morral / Uni. Connecticut 10 ci [at.-%] 5 Ce 0 -2 0 2 • no singularity • poor agreement x [cm] ⇒ Darken fulfilled? 10 Diffusion in Al77Ni20Ce3 • Ce decreases D*Ni (~30%) AlNi20 10 D [m ²/s] -8 ⇒ structural change D AlNi • DAlNi > DAlCe > DNiCe • DAlNi ≈ 5 D* ⇒ thermodynamic forces AlNi20 Ce 3 -9 D AlCe 10 D NiCe 0,6 0,8 1000 / T [K ] -1 1,0 ∆ Self Diffusion Ni (Meyer et al.) Interdiffusion 11 Diffusion in Al87Ni10Ce3 • Ce decreases D*Ni (~20%) ⇒ structural change 10 D [m ²/s] -8 AlNi10 AlNi10 Ce 3 D NiCe D AlNi D AlCe • DAlNi > DAlCe > DNiCe • DAlNi ≈ 2 D* ⇒ thermodynamic forces 10 -9 0,6 0,8 1000 / T [K ] -1 1,0 ∆ Self Diffusion Ni (Meyer et al.) Interdiffusion 12 Relationship Diffusion - Thermodynamic Force ratio Dik / D* Φ 3,8 4 1,8 AlNi20 AlNi20Ce3 AlNi10Ce3 DAlNi ≈ 3,8 D* DAlNi ≈ 5 D* DAlNi ≈ 2 D* • Dik ≈ D* Φ J. Bøttiger et al., Mat. Sci. Eng. A 178 (1994) 65 13 Conclusion Ce addition decreases D ⇒ change in structure D* depends strongly on AlNi composition ⇒ CSRO Φ depends strongly on alloy comp. ⇒ strong atomic interaction validation of Darken‘s equation in molten AlNi20 qualitative validation of Darken‘s equation in molten AlNiCe? (check Al77Ni20Ce3) rule-of-thumb: ratio of Dik / D* correlates with Φ 14 End Acknowledgement - DFG SPP 1120 - Auswärtiges Amt

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