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Math-Related Credit Crosswalk
for
Career Technical Education Classes
in Macomb County
Program Information
District: Van Dyke
Program Name: Finance
CIP Code Number: 52.0800
Career Pathway: Accounting
Instructor Name: Heath
Date: December 15, 2008
Strand STANDARDS CTE APPLICATION and PRACTICE
L1
REASONING ABOUT NUMBERS, SYSTEMS AND QUANTITATIVE LITERACY
L1.1 Number Systems and Number Sense
L1.1.2 Explain why the multiplicative inverse of a Example=Budget
number has the same sign as the number,
while the additive inverse has the opposite Revenues – Expenses = 0
sign.
L1.1.3 Explain how the properties of associativity, Grouping of numbers on Financial Statements
commutativity, and distributivity, as well as Ratios (e.g.) % of sales
identity and inverse elements, are used in Taxes - Distributivity
arithmetic and algebraic calculations.
L1.1.4 Describe the reasons for the different Sales Projections
effects of multiplication by, or
exponentiation of, a positive number by a
number less than 0, a number between 0
and 1, and a number greater than 1.
L1.2 Representations and Relationships
L1.2.1 Use mathematical symbols (e.g., interval Ratio analysis
notation, set notation, summation notation)
to represent quantitative relationships and
situations.
L1.2.4 Organize and summarize a data set in a Income Statements
table, plot, chart, or spreadsheet; find Balance Sheets
patterns in a display of data; understand Ratio Analysis
and critique data displays in the media. Pie Charts - % of Sales
L1.3 Counting and Probabilistic Reasoning
L1.3.2 Define and interpret commonly used “What are the chances”
expressions of probability (e.g., chances of Supply and demand
an event, likelihood, odds).
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L1.3.3 Recognize and explain common probability Stock market trends/projections
misconceptions such as “hot streaks” and Profitability trends
“being due.” Luck vs. Work
Multiply and Divide Fractions
N.MR.06.01 Understand division of fractions as the Explain that dividing by 3 is the same as multiplying
inverse of multiplication. by 1/3.
N.MR.06.03 Solve for the unknown. Accounting Equation
Solve Decimal, Percentage and Rational Number Problems
N.MR.06.13 Solve contextual problems involving Payroll Taxes
percentages such as sales taxes and tips.
N.FL.06.15 Solve applied problems that use the four Continually
operations with appropriate decimal
numbers.
Understand Rational Numbers and Their Location on the Number Line
N.ME.06.17 Locate negative rational numbers (including The concept of net loss.
integers) on the number line. Know that
numbers and their negatives add to 0 and
are on opposite sides and at equal distance
from 0 on a number line.
N.ME.06.18 Understand that rational numbers are Ratios. Scaling up or down fractions.
quotients of integers (non zero
denominators).
N.ME.06.19 Understand that 0 is an integer that is Break-even. Revenues and expenses are equal.
neither negative nor positive.
Understand Derived Quantities
N.MR.07.02 Solve problems involving derived quantities Rates of changes. Simple v. Compound Interest
such as density, velocity and weighted
averages.
Understand and Solve Problems Involving Rates, Ratios, and Proportions
N.FL.07.03 Calculate rates of change including speed. Horizontal Analysis. Ex. % of increase in sales from
one year to the next.
N.MR.07.04 Convert ratio quantities between different Currency exchange in a global economy.
systems of units, such as feet per second to
miles per hour.
N.FL.07.05 Solve proportion problems using such Payroll Taxes that are proportional (or at least within
methods as unit rate, scaling, finding a range) Ex. State Income and FICA.
equivalent fractions, and solving the
proportion equation a/b = c/d; know how to Unit Cost Analysis – As revenues increase, variable
see patterns about proportional situations in costs can be projected to increase proportionally.
tables.
Compute with Rational Numbers
N.FL.07.07 Solve problems involving operations with Continually
integers.
N.FL.07.08 Add, subtract, multiply and divide positive Continually
and negative rational numbers fluently.
N.FL.07.09 Estimate results of computations with Continually
rational numbers.
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Solve Problems
N.MR.08.08 Solve problems involving percent increases Calculating increased payroll taxes resulting from
and decreases. pay increases.
N.FL.08.09 Solve problems involving compounded Compound Interest
interest or multiple discounts.
N.FL.08.11 Solve problems involving ratio units, such Sales and/or costs per unit.
as miles per hour, dollars per pound or
persons per square mile.
L2 STANDARDS CTE APPLICATION and PRACTICE
CALCULATION, ALGORITHMS, AND ESTIMATION
L2.1 Calculation Using Real and Complex Numbers
L2.1.1 Explain the meaning and uses of weighted CPI, GDP
averages (e.g., GNP, consumer price index,
grade point average).
L2.1.6 Recognize when exact answers aren’t Budgets, projected financial statements
always possible or practical. Use
appropriate algorithms to approximate
solutions to equations (e.g., to approximate
square roots).
L2.2 Sequences and Iteration
L2.2.1 Find the nth term in arithmetic, geometric, or Simple v. Compound Interest
other simple sequences.
L2.2.2 Compute sums of finite arithmetic and Simple v. Compound Interest
geometric sequences.
L2.2.3 Use iterative processes in such examples Calculating Compound Interest one period at a time.
as computing compound interest or
applying approximation procedures.
L3 STANDARDS CTE APPLICATION and PRACTICE
MEASUREMENT AND PRECISION
L3.1 Measurement Units, Calculations, and Scales
L3.1.1 Convert units of measurement within and Currency exchange in a global economy.
between systems; explain how arithmetic
operations on measurements affect units,
and carry units through calculations
correctly.
L3.2 Understanding Error
L3.2.1 Determine what degree of accuracy is Rounding of financial statements and payroll taxes. A
reasonable for measurements in a given column of rounded numbers will likely not equal the
situation; express accuracy through use of rounded sum of the same numbers.
significant digits, error tolerance, or percent
of error; describe how errors in
measurements are magnified by
computation; recognize accumulated error
in applied situations.
L3.2.2 Describe and explain round-off error, Rounding of financial statements and payroll taxes. A
rounding, and truncating. column of rounded numbers will likely not equal the
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rounded sum of the same numbers.
L4.1 Mathematical Reasoning
L4.1.1 Distinguish between inductive and Basing on results v. Looking at factors to project
deductive reasoning, identifying and
providing examples of each.
A1 STANDARDS CTE APPLICATION and PRACTICE
EXPRESSIONS, EQUATIONS, AND INEQUALITIES
A1.1 Construction, Interpretation, and Manipulation of Expressions (linear,
quadratic, polynomial, rational, power, exponential, logarithmic, and
trigonometric)
A1.1.1 Give a verbal description of an expression Cost projections, breakeven analysis, sales tax
that is presented in symbolic form, write an
algebraic expression from a verbal
description, and evaluate expressions given
values of the variables.
A1.2 Solutions of Equations and Inequalities (linear, exponential, logarithmic,
quadratic, power, polynomial, and rational)
A1.2.1 Write and solve equations and inequalities Cost projections, breakeven analysis, sales tax
with one or two variables to represent
mathematical or applied situations.
A1.2.8 Solve an equation involving several Compound interest
variables (with numerical or letter
coefficients) for a designated variable.
Justify steps in the solution.
A1.2.9 Know common formulas (e.g., slope, Compound Interest
distance between two points, quadratic Rate of change (slope)
formula, compound interest, distance = rate Earnings Per Share
· time), and apply appropriately in Return on Equity
contextual situations.
A2 STANDARDS CTE APPLICATION and PRACTICE
FUNCTIONS
A2.1 Definitions, Representations, and Attributes of Functions
A2.1.1 Recognize whether a relationship (given in Break-even analysis, compound interest
contextual, symbolic, tabular, or graphical
form) is a function and identify its domain
and range.
A2.1.2 Read, interpret, and use function notation Identifying the domain and range of breakeven
and evaluate a function at a value in its analysis and
domain.
A2.1.3 Represent functions in symbols, graphs, Break-even analysis, compound interest
tables, diagrams, or words and translate
among representations.
A2.1.7 Identify and interpret the key features of a Break-even analysis
function from its graph or its formula(e),
(e.g., slope, intercept(s), asymptote(s),
maximum and minimum value(s), symmetry,
and average rate of change over an
interval).
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A2.5 Exponential and Logarithmic Functions
A2.5.1 Write the symbolic form and sketch the Compound Interest
graph of an exponential function given
appropriate information (e.g., given an initial
value of 4 and a rate of growth of 1.5, write
x
f(x) = 4 (1.5) ).
A2.5.2 Interpret the symbolic forms and recognize Compound interest
the graphs of exponential and logarithmic
x
functions (e.g., f(x) = 10 , f(x) = log x, f(x)
x
= e , f(x) = ln x).
A2.5.4 Understand and use the fact that the base Compound Interest
of an exponential function determines
whether the function increases or
decreases and how base affects the rate of
growth or decay.
A2.5.5 Relate exponential and logarithmic Compound Interest
functions to real phenomena, including half-
life and doubling time.
A3 STANDARDS CTE APPLICATION and PRACTICE
MATHEMATICAL MODELING
A3.1 Models of Real-world Situations Using Families of Functions Example: An
initial population of 300 people grows at 2% per year. What will the population be in
10 years?
A3.1.1 Identify the family of functions best suited Compound Interest
for modeling a given real-world situation
[e.g., quadratic functions for motion of an
object under the force of gravity or
exponential functions for compound
interest. In the example above, recognize
that the appropriate general function is
t
exponential (P = P0a )].
A3.1.2 Adapt the general symbolic form of a Compound Interest
function to one that fits the specifications of
a given situation by using the information to
replace arbitrary constants with numbers.
In the example above, substitute the given
values P0 = 300 and a = 1.02 to obtain P =
t
300(1.02) .
A3.1.3 Using the adapted general symbolic form, Compound Interest
draw reasonable conclusions about the
situation being modeled. In the example
above, the exact solution is 365.698, but for
this problem, an appropriate approximation
is 365.
Calculate Rates - Algebra
A.PA.06.01 Solve applied problems involving rates, Compound Interest, depreciation rates, graduated
including speed. payroll rates.
Understand the Coordinate Plane
A.RP.06.02 Plot ordered pairs of integers and use Breakeven analysis
ordered pairs of integers to identify points in
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all four quadrants of the coordinate plane.
Use Variables, Write Expressions and Equations, and Combine Like Terms
A.FO.06.03 Use letters with units, to represent Accounting equations, variable costs
quantities in a variety of contexts.
A.FO.06.04 Distinguish between an algebraic Financial statements, financial ratios, payroll
expression and an equation.
A.FO.06.05 Use standard conventions for writing Compound Interest
algebraic expressions.
A.FO.06.06 Represent information given in words using Accounting equation, calculating owner’s equity
algebraic expressions and equations.
A.FO.06.07 Simplify expressions of the first degree by FICA = Social security + medicare
combining like terms and evaluate using
specific values.
Represent Linear Functions Using Tables, Equations, and Graphs
A.RP.06.08 Understand that relationships between Sales versus variable expenses. Pie chart of
quantities can be suggested by graphs and disposition of net sales.
tables.
A.RP.06.10 Represent simple relationships between Sales versus variable expenses. Pie chart of
quantities using verbal descriptions, disposition of net sales.
formulas or equations, tables and graphs.
Solve Equations
A.FO.06.12 Understand that adding or subtracting the Accounting equation
same number to both sides of an equation
creates a new equation that has the same
solution.
A.FO.06.13 Understand that multiplying or dividing both Finding errors in trial balances
sides of an equation by the same non-zero
number creates a new equation that has the
same solutions.
Understand and Apply Directly Proportional Relationships and Relate to
Linear Relationships - Algebra
A.AP.07.01 Recognize when information given in a Break-even analysis, variable costs
table, graph or formula suggests a directly
proportional or linear relationship.
A.RP.07.02 Represent directly proportional and linear Payroll taxes
relationships using verbal descriptions,
tables, graphs and formulas and translate
among these representations.
A.PA.07.04 For directly proportional or linear situations, Breakeven analysis, payroll
solve applied problems using graphs and
equations.
Understand and Represent Linear Functions
A.PA.07.06 Calculate the slope from the graph of a Compound interest, growth rates
linear function as the ratio of “rise/run” for a
pair of points on the graph and express the
answer as a fraction and a decimal;
understand that linear functions have slope
that is a constant rate of change.
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Understand and Solve Problems about Inversely Proportional Relationships
A.PA.07.09 Recognize inversely proportional Supply and demand
relationships in contextual situations; know
that quantities are inversely proportional if
their product is constant.
Apply Basic Properties of Real Numbers in Algebraic Contexts
A.PA.07.11 Understand and use basic properties of real Taxes
numbers: additive and multiplicative
identities, additive and multiplicative
inverses commutativity, associativity, and
the distributive property of multiplication
over addition.
S1 STANDARDS CTE APPLICATION and PRACTICE
UNIVARIATE DATA - EXAMINING DISTRIBUTIONS
S1.1 Producing and Interpreting Plots
S1.1.1 Construct and interpret dot plots, Identify appropriate types of charts (e.g. pie charts,
histograms, relative frequency histograms, bar graphs, line graphs) to facilitate analysis of
bar graphs, basic control charts, and box financial results.
plots with appropriate labels and scales;
determine which kinds of plots are
appropriate for different types of data;
compare data sets and interpret differences
based on graphs and summary statistics.
S2 STANDARDS CTE APPLICATION and PRACTICE
BIVARIATE DATA - EXAMINING RELATIONSHIPS
S2.1 Scatterplots and Correlation
S2.1.4 Differentiate between correlation and Understanding whether economic conditions,
causation. Know that a strong correlation industry developments, supplier and customer
does not imply a cause-and-effect behavior directly impact the bottom line or whether
relationship. Recognize the role of lurking they simply correlate.
variables in correlation.
S4 STANDARDS CTE APPLICATION and PRACTICE
PROBABILITY MODELS AND PROBABILITY CALCULATION
S4.1 Probability
S4.1.2 Define mutually exclusive events, The conditional impact of economic conditions,
independent events, dependent events, industry developments, supplier and customer
compound events, complementary events, behavior on the profitability of a business.
and conditional probabilities; and use the
definitions to compute probabilities.
S4.2 Application and Representation
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S4.2.2 Apply probability concepts to practical Projections of revenues, expenses and rates of
situations, in such settings as finance, return based upon the conditional impact of
health, ecology, or epidemiology, to make economic conditions, industry developments,
informed decisions. supplier and customer behavior.
Represent and Interpret Data
D.RE.07.01 Represent and interpret data using circle Identify appropriate types of charts (e.g. pie charts,
graphs, stem and leaf plots, histograms, bar graphs, line graphs) to facilitate analysis of
and box-and-whisker plots and select financial results.
appropriate representation to address
specific questions.
Understand Probability Concepts for Simple and Compound Events
D.PR.08.06 Understand the difference between The conditional impact of economic conditions,
independent and dependent events and industry developments, supplier and customer
recognize common misconceptions behavior on the profitability of a business. Analyzing
involving probability. whether events are dependent or independent.
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