What to Do After a Car Accident_1_

							                   What to Do After a Car Accident

Alex was excited to finally get his license. He was looking forward to going to
the movies and to visit friends without needing someone to take him.

A couple weeks later, Alex was headed to his friend Matt's house. Two blocks
from Matt's, Alex waited at a stop sign when he felt a sudden jolt. Someone
had rear-ended his car. Alex started panicking — and his first thought was
"What do I do now?"

Car Crashes

In 2005 alone, there were more than 6.1 million police-reported traffic
crashes in the United States. Combine those with the number of incidents
that aren't reported to the police and it adds up to a lot of collisions.

Although you do your best to drive responsibly and defensively, it's still
smart to know what to do just in case you end up in an accident. Crashes
can be very scary, but here are some tips if one happens to you:

Take some deep breaths to get calm. After a crash, a person may feel a
wide range of emotions — shock, guilt, fear, nervousness, or anger — all of
which are normal. But take a few deep breaths or count to 10 to calm down.
The calmer you are, the better prepared you will be to handle the situation.
This is the time to take stock of the accident and try to make a judgment
about whether it was a serious one.

Keep yourself and others safe. If you can't get out of your car — or it's
not safe to try — keep your seat belt fastened, turn on your hazard lights,
then call 911 if possible and wait for help to arrive. If you can drive your car
and are in an unsafe spot or are blocking traffic, find a safe and legal place
to park your car (like the shoulder of a highway or a parking lot). In some
states it's illegal to move your car from the scene of an accident, though.
Ask your driver's ed instructor what the law is in your state.

If the car accident seems to be minor, turn off your car and grab your
emergency kit. If it's safe to get out and move around your car, set up
orange cones, warning triangles, or emergency flares around the accident
site.
Reporting the Accident

Check on everyone involved in the crash to see if they have any injuries.
This includes making sure you don't have any serious injuries. Be extremely
cautious — not all injuries can be seen. If you or anyone involved in the
accident isn't feeling 100%, you should call 911 or any other number your
state uses to request emergency assistance on roadways. Be ready to give
the dispatcher the following information:

      Who? The dispatcher will ask for your name and phone numbers in
       case the authorities need to get more information from you later.
      What? Tell the dispatcher as much as you can about the emergency
       — for instance, whether there is a fire, traffic hazard, medical
       emergency, etc.
      Where? Let the dispatcher know exactly where the emergency is
       taking place. Give the city, road name, road number, mile markings,
       direction of travel, traffic signs, and anything else you can think of to
       help them know how to find you.

Make sure you stay on the line until the dispatcher says it's OK to hang up.

Sometimes, you can get the police to report to the scene of the accident
even if there are no injuries, especially if you tell them you need someone to
mediate — in other words, to help you figure out what happened and who's
at fault. But in certain areas, as long as both vehicles can be safely driven
away, police officers won't come to the scene unless someone is hurt. If the
police do not come to the scene, make sure you file a vehicle accident report
at a police station or DMV.

Take Down Driver Information

If you are feeling up to it, ask to see the driver's license of the other drivers
involved in the crash so that you can take down their license numbers. Also
get their name, address, phone number, insurance company, insurance
policy number, and license plate number. If the driver doesn't own the car
involved, be sure to get owner's info as well.

Take Notes on the Accident
If the car accident is minor and you feel that you can describe it, try to do
so. Detailed notes and photos of the scene may help the court and insurance
agencies decide who is responsible for the accident. Get a good description
of the cars involved — year, make, model, and color. If your phone has a
camera, use that or another camera to take photos of the accident scene —
including the cars and any damage, the roads, any traffic signs, and the
direction each car was coming from.

If you feel well enough, try to draw a diagram of the exact crash site and
mark where each car was, what direction the car was coming from, and what
lane it was in. Also, write down the date, time, and weather conditions. If
there were any witnesses, try to get their names and contact info so that
they can help clear up matters if one of the other drivers isn't completely
honest about what really happened.

Remember, you can only do these things if you think the accident was a
minor one (for instance, if the airbag did not inflate). Even if you think the
accident was your fault, it may not be. That's why insurance companies say
that you should not admit fault or accept blame at the scene.

The Aftermath

While the crash itself might be upsetting, dealing with the aftermath can be
too. In the hours or days following an accident, some people may still be
shaken up. They may be beating themselves up over what happened —
especially if they feel the accident was avoidable. Sometimes, people close
to those who were involved in the accident (like families and best friends)
can experience some emotional problems too. These feelings are all normal.
Once some time passes, the car is repaired, and the insurance companies
are dealt with, most accidents become mere afterthoughts.

In some cases, though, these feelings can get stronger or last for longer
periods of time, keeping a person from living a normal life. Post-traumatic
stress disorder (PTSD) can occur when a person has experienced a
devastating event that injured or threatened to injure someone. Signs of
PTSD may show up immediately following the accident, or weeks or even
months after.
Not everyone who experiences stress after a trauma has PTSD. But here are
some symptoms to look out for:

      avoiding emotions or any reminders of the incident
      constant feelings of anxiousness, crankiness, or anger
      avoiding medical tests or procedures
      constantly reliving the incident in one's mind
      nightmares or trouble sleeping

If you notice any of these symptoms after you've been in a car accident, try
talking through the experience with friends or relatives you trust. Discuss
what happened, and what you thought, felt, and did during the accident and
in the days after. Try to get back into your everyday activities, even if they
make you uneasy. If these things don't help, ask your parent or guardian to
help you check in with your doctor.

Other Road Problems

Most car accidents aren't as serious as a collision. Plenty of people have
minor incidents — like running over the mailbox while backing out of the
driveway. Somewhere between hitting mailboxes and hitting other cars are
common problems like blowouts and breakdowns.

Flat Tires

Getting a flat tire while you're driving can be jarring — literally. There are
some things you can do to prevent this — make sure your tires aren't too old
and check the tire pressure at the gas station at least once a month. If you
do find yourself in a blowout situation, though, here are a few suggestions
from the National Safety Council to get you through it unharmed:

      Safely bring your car out of traffic and stop. Once you realize you
       have tire trouble, firmly hold the steering wheel. Don't slam on the
       brakes — instead, gently take your foot off the gas pedal and let the
       car slow down. Steer your car toward the breakdown lane or exit (if
       you are on the highway) or a parking lot (if you are on a smaller
       road). It's important to get out of the way of traffic, even if you have
       to drive (very cautiously) on the flat tire to do it. When your car is in a
       safe place, brake gently until you come to a complete stop.
      Set up your breakdown site. Once safely off the road and out of the
       line of traffic, turn on your emergency flashers. Take out your warning
       signs (cones, triangles, or flares) and place them behind your car so
       that others realize that your car is disabled. If you know how to
       change your tire and can do it safely without getting too close to
       traffic, do it.
      Get help if you need it. Raise the hood of your car and hang a white
       T-shirt or rag out the window or off the radio antenna so that police
       officers and tow truck operators will know you need help. Don't try to
       flag down other vehicles. Use a cell phone, a highway emergency
       phone, or a pay phone to call for assistance. Only walk along a multi-
       lane highway if you can see a phone or someone who can help you
       nearby.
      Don't walk in or get near traffic. Does this really need further
       explaining?
      After it's done. Take your car to the shop so a mechanic can make
       sure there's no long-term damage to your car.

Breakdowns

If your car breaks down, safely bring the car to a stop and out of the line of
traffic. Set up your breakdown site out of traffic. A major difference between
flat tires and breakdowns is that it's less likely that you will be able to fix a
car that has broken down. That's why it's wise to signal that you need help
by properly displaying the white cloth and calling for roadside assistance or
the police.

If you manage to get your car safely out of traffic, wait inside with the doors
locked. If someone stops and offers to help you, just open the window
slightly and tell them you've already called for help. Again, only walk along a
multi-lane highway if you can see help nearby, and stay as far away from
traffic as possible.