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7/1/2011
Financial Security for Landfills in Alberta
This Excel file provides a template for calculating closure/ post-closure costs for Class I,
Class II or Class III Landfills.
The requirement for financial security for landfills is described in the Alberta Environmental
Protection and Enhancement Act (EPEA) and the Waste Control Regulation (WCR)
Under s. 28 of the WCR, security is to be in an amount determined by the Director and be sufficient
to ensure completion of conservation and reclamation based on:
registration holder,
soils, geology, hydrology and revegetation, and
The financial security must cover the closure/ post-closure costs of the facility.
The WCR outlines circumstances where the Director can increase or decrease the amount of
security (s. 29), and the approval or registration holder remains liable for the costs of conservation
and reclamation (s. 33(6)).
In an application for a waste management facility, the applicant is required to provide information
regarding closure of the facility as outlined in the AENV document Application Form: All Waste
Management and Hazardous Recyclable Facilities (June 1999) . Included in the information the
applicant must provide are an estimate of the cost of closure and post-closure monitoring or site
maintenance, and the financial assurance instruments the applicant can demonstrate to cover the
cost of facility closure and post-closure care.
The Standards and Guidelines for Landfills in Alberta, "Public and Stakeholder Draft for
Discussion" (S&G) dated June 2001 and the Code of Practice for Landfills (COP) issued by
Alberta Environment outline the closure/ post-closure requirements in terms of final cover, final
design slopes, reclamation, maintenance, operations, monitoring, and reporting.
The following templates are based on the following conditions:
Background 1 of 13 b798493d-b3a8-4445-8591-b6c2c9d9193c.xls
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Financial Security for Landfills in Alberta
This Excel file provides a template for calculating closure/ post-closure costs for Class I,
Class II or Class III Landfills.
There are five sheets associated with the file. The names of the sheets are shown at the bottom
of the screen.
The first sheet is called "Background". It references the pertinent legislation regarding financial
security.
The second sheet is called "Instructions". It provides instructions on how to use this template.
The third sheet is called "Data". In this spreadsheet, the landfill type, size, and number of
groundwater and gas monitoring wells is input. This data is linked to the following spreadsheets
to perform the calculations.
On this sheet, insert the following data:
a) The landfill type (ie Class 1, 2 or 3. ) Simply enter the number in the box.
2 2 2
b) The landfill cell size. Enter the size in hectares, acres, ft , miles or m . The area is calculated
automatically as shown in the green shaded box, in m 2.
c) The average waste thickness. Enter the average waste thickness in m.
d) The estimated total capacity is automatically calculated as shown in the shaded green box, in
m3
d) Engineering. Enter the percentage of cost for engineering involved in the closure of the landfill.
e) The number of groundwater monitoring wells and the number of monitoring events per year
f) The number of gas monitoring wells and the number of monitoring events per year
g) Estimated time to closure. Enter the estimated time to closure for the landfill in years.
h) Closure time period. Enter in the estimated closure time period in years. The Alberta Landfill
Code of Practice suggests monitoring a minimum of twenty five years after the closure of a landfill.
i) Contingency. Enter the contingency percentage in the box. It is recommended that a
contingency of 10 to 20 % be incorperated into the landfill costs.
j) Inflation rate. Enter the average inflation rate in the box.
k) Interest rate. Enter the annual interest rate that the security will earn in the box.
The fourth sheet is called "closure & post-closure costs". In this spreadsheet, the assumptions
regarding the various elements, quantities and products must be input to perform the calculations.
On this sheet, insert the following data:
a) the various components of Closure Costs are shown first. Depending on the Class of Landfill
that you have, input your costs in Column D, E or F for a Class I, Class II or Class III Landfill,
respectively.
The items are shown as Required if the item is required based on the legislation. A range of unit
costs and the assumptions associated with the costs are provided as a reference. An estimated
cost for the item can be based on the estimated unit cost and the surface area from the Data
sheet.
Based on site specific requirements/ conditions, other elements may be included.
b) the various components of Post Closure Costs are shown next.
It is noted that the Annual monitoring costs and Total Post-Closure monitoring costs are
calculated automatically based on the input on the fifth sheet "Monitor cost".
The Total closure / post closure costs in row 49 is calculated automatically based on the input
in the rows above.
c) Lines 53 to 97 include other miscellaneous closure and post closure costs. Depending on
the Class of Landfill that you have, input your costs in Column D, E or F for a Class I, Class II or
Class III Landfill, respectively.
The Grand Total (closure / post closure costs) in row 98 is calculated automatically based on
the input in the rows above.
The fifth sheet is called "Monitor cost". In this spreadsheet, the unit costs for the various
analytical tests need to be input.
The number of monitoring wells and the number of monitoring events per year will link directly
from the "Data" sheet. If required, the number of wells or number of events shown can be
overridden by manually inputting more or less as required.
Instructions 2 of 13 b798493d-b3a8-4445-8591-b6c2c9d9193c.xls
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Financial Security for Landfills in Alberta
Landfill Closure Costs
Landfill Type (Class 1, 2 or 3)
Landfill Cell Size ha acre ft2 mi2 m2
2
0m
Estimated surface area based
2
on a maximum grade of 30% 0m
Average waste thickness m
3
Estimated total capacity 0m
Engineering
Groundwater
# of gw monitoring wells
# of monitoring events / year
Gas
# of monitoring wells
# of monitoring events / year
Time Frame
Estimated time to closure years
Closure time period1 years
Financial Considerations
Contingency
Inflation Rates
Interest Rates
1. The Alberta Landfill Code of Practice suggests monitoring a minimum of twenty five years after the closure of a landfill.
Data 3 of 13 b798493d-b3a8-4445-8591-b6c2c9d9193c.xls
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Financial Security for Landfills in Alberta
Based on: Assumptions Class I Class II Class III
CLOSURE COSTS
Reporting closure and reclamation plan $5,000 to $10,000
Final Cover
mob/ demob (earthworks contractor) varies depending on location of contractor relative to site $5,000 to $15,000
stripping topsoil varies depending on location of borrow pit $1 to $4.5/ m3
excavation of borrow material varies depending on location of borrow pit $5.5 to $7/ m3
Clay cover - S&I 0.6 to 1 m thick, compacted to 95% Standard Proctor $4 to $9/ m3 if available on site Required Required Required
maximum dry density (SPMDD) $9 to $17/ m3 if not available on site
QA/ QC (clay) inspection and testing, includes technician, truck and $700 to $1,000/ day Required
equipment, does not include room and board
additional laboratory testing $0.10 to $0.80/ m2 (lower unit cost for larger site, higher unit cost for smaller site)
Subsoil 0.35 m thick, or 0.8 m thick $4 to $8/ m3 if available on site Required Required Required
$8 to $12/ m3 if not available on site
Topsoil 0.2 m thick $4 to $8 / m3 if available on site Required Required Required
$8 to $12 / m3 if not available on site
Vegetation Vegetation - re-seeding, replanting and refertilization as Required Required Required
required
- Seed $20 to $30/ kg for natural mixes, $4 to $6 / kg for agronomic mixes, $1,500 for
seeding
- Tree planting dependent on final use of site
- Fertilizer $0.01 m2 and $1,000 to $2,000 to broadcast
vegetation costs dependent on final use and size of site (lower $0.20 to $1/ m2
unit cost for larger site)
Synthetic Cover
Bedding sand imported cover to protect synthetic liner $25/ m3
Cover Options
i. HDPE, 80 mil, textured S&I, including mob/demob for sites within 3 hours drive of $8 to $12/ m2
supplier Typically May be
ii. PVC , 30 mil S&I, including mob/demob for sites within 3 hours drive of 2 required as required as Usually not
$5 to $6 /m
supplier part of part of required
iii. GCL (Geocomposite Clay Liner) S&I, including mob/demob for sites within 3 hours drive of $8 to $10 / m2 approval approval
supplier
Geomat (textile) S&I, including mob/demob for sites within 3 hours drive of 2
$2 to $5/ m
supplier
Geocomposite Drainage layer S&I, including mob/demob for sites within 3 hours drive of $5 to $9 / m2
supplier
Sand Drainage layer Variability in price due to availability of product on site 2
$4 to $10 / m
Subtotal Closure Costs:
Engineering:
Contingency %:
Total Closure Costs:
closure & post closure costs 4 of 13 b798493d-b3a8-4445-8591-b6c2c9d9193c.xls
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Financial Security for Landfills in Alberta
Based on: Assumptions Class I Class II Class III
CLOSURE COSTS
Miscellaneous Activities
Removal of:
- storage tanks dismantling/ removal of any buildings/ slabs, etc., disposal dependent on contents of tanks, and contamination of materials
costs are based upon "on-site" disposal, conducting soil
monitoring program as required
- site buildings (office/ warehouse) dismantling/ removal of any buildings/ slabs, etc., disposal demolition: $1,000 to $2,000 for small office type building, $4,000 to $5,000 for 3
costs are based upon "on-site" disposal, conducting soil 2
bay maintenance shop, excluding removal of materials; or $35 to $79/ m for
monitoring program as required buildings. Some contractors may remove salvageable buildings for little or no cost
(ie they would take the materials).
- site infrastructure dismantling/ removal of any buildings/ slabs, etc., disposal $35 to $79/ m2 for removal of asphalt or gravel roads
costs are based upon "on-site" disposal, conducting soil
monitoring program as required
Reclamation of waste transfer station Minor site works consisting of removal of gravel roads, site $25,000 to $75,000
grading with on-site clay and topsoil to satisfy agricultural
requirements
Reclamation of:
- Pesticide storage area dismantling/ removal of any buildings/ slabs, etc., conducting demolition: $1,000 to $2,000 for smaller area, $4,000 to $5,000 for larger area,
soil monitoring program as required excluding removal of materials; or $25/ m2 for buildings. Subject to contamination of
materials.
- HHW storage area dismantling/ removal of any buildings/ slabs, etc., conducting demolition: $1,000 to $2,000 for smaller area, $4,000 to $5,000 for larger area,
soil monitoring program as required excluding removal of materials; or $25/ m2 for buildings. Subject to contamination of
materials.
- Used oil building and site dismantling/ removal of any buildings/ slabs, etc., conducting demolition: $1,000 to $2,000 for smaller area, $4,000 to $5,000 for larger area,
soil monitoring program as required excluding removal of materials; or $25/ m2 for buildings. Subject to contamination of
materials.
- Solvent washing of contaminated surfaces swabbing of equipment/buildings with a dissolving solvent; $44/m2 including labour
conducting solvent washing program as required
- Soil monitoring, as required soil monitoring program will typically consist of a number of 1 Soil analytical program will be a function of groundwater impact detected and site
m deep boreholes and analytical program. observations. Estimate $2,000 for one day field program, analytical costs extra.
Other Miscellaneous Closure Costs (subtotal):
Engineering:
Contingency %:
Total Miscellaneous Closure Costs:
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Financial Security for Landfills in Alberta
Based on: Assumptions Class I Class II Class III
COSTS FOR NEGOTIATING REQUIREMENTS FOR LANDFILL APPROVALS
Landfill Gas Management System This will be dependent on what is already installed, more based on requirements to protect adjacent landowners from LIF gas migration
recent landfills have this installed when the cell is constructed
Venting Layer Includes installation $4 to $16 / m3
Extraction Wells Well spacing, 30 to 90 m between wells, and depth, 15 to 30 $250 to $500 / m of well installed
m in depth, are dependent on waste characteristics
Passive Well Head $750 to $1,500 / well
Active Well Head $7,500 to $11,000 / well
Compressors/Blowers $3,700 to $37,680 / compressor
Laterals / Headers 80 to 300 m/ ha depending on well spacing $120 / m
Active Candle Flare Set-up This is installed at the same time as the final cover $22,000 to $150,000 / flare
Active Enclosure Flare Set-up This is installed at the same time as the final cover $150,000 to $754,000 / flare
Leachate Management System This will be dependent on what is already installed, more
recent landfills have this installed when the cell is constructed
Wells Well spacing, 30 to 90 m between wells, and depth, 15 to 30 $3,700 to $15,000 / well
m in depth, are dependent on waste characteristics
Recirculation Trenches $120 to $375 / m
Pumps / Controllers $750 to $7,535 / pump
Laterals/headers 80 to 300 m/ ha depending on well spacing $120 / m
Forcemain Geology of area and system design dictate price $120 to $380 / m
Tanks $0.20 to $0.54 / Litre of tank volume
Pretreatment/Treatment Plan (on site) $150,700 to $754,000 / facility setup
Run-on/Run-off Control System This will be dependent on what is already in place for run-off
control
Down chutes / Perimeter Ditches $50 to $250 / m
Sedimentation Ponds Installed with liner $150,000 to $155,000 / pond
Grading general grading for surface water management $10 to $25 / m
QA/ QC (total) soils and synthetic liners $1.50 to $2.00 / m2 (lower unit cost for larger site, higher unit cost for smaller site).
Subtotal Additional Miscellaneous (Closure Costs):
Engineering:
Contingency %:
Total Additional Miscellaneous Closure Costs:
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Financial Security for Landfills in Alberta
Based on: Assumptions Class I Class II Class III
POST CLOSURE COSTS
Annual maintenance twice / year inspection of cover, surface drainage, Assume 8 days / year - $50/ hr x 10 hrs/ trip x 8 trips = $4,000
benchmarks, site security by company personnel
Need to consider long term land use and lease agreement in terms of who would responsible for ongoing maintenance such as lawn mowing,
snow clearing, etc. In most cases it is anticipated that the leasee would be responsible for this, thus it would not be part of the post-closure
costs
Vegetation - re-seeding, replanting and refertilization as reseeding - $0 to $1,000 per event in the second or third year, replanting, as
required required in the second or third year, re-fertilization, as required in the second or third
year
Vegetation - mowing/ spraying, as required 2 2
$0.03 to $0.05/ m for mowing, $0.05 to $0.15/ m for spreading (vegetation
maintenance may not be required depending on the site use, and lease agreement)
Reporting - reclamation report on vegetation $2,000 to $5,000 (as required)
landscape maintenance (reseeding, mowing, etc), if required Assume 4 days/ year @$25/ hr x 8 to 10 hr/ day +$100/ day disb, additional costs of
grading/ excavation equipment required = $1,200 to $1,250
Annual monitoring groundwater monitoring # of monitoring wells with # of monitoring events / year
gas monitoring # of monitoring wells with # of monitoring events / year
Annual reporting
Leachate collection, disposal and disposal costs of the leachate vary with leachate generation, $0.004 to $0.07 / L or $0.025 to $0.05 / m2 / year
monitoring complexity of system, size of landfill, cover type and $3.00 / m3 (assume close proximity)
disposal/treatment method
twice/ year monitoring leachate head/ or monthly if a max included in the bi-annual inspection, if monthly include additional 10 visits for 4
leachate head restriction applies hours per trip
laboratory analysis as per Table 3.4.2 in Draft Standards and $335/ sample for analytical costs, plus field tech and disb = $500
Guidelines for Landfills in Alberta
System Maintenance - repairs and preventative maintenance 2
$0.0375 / m / year
2
$0.0125 / m
Gas management system System Maintenance - repairs and preventative maintenance $0.0375 to $0.19 / m2 / year
Surface water monitoring, as required System management $0.18 - $0.38 / m2
2
$0.125 / m
laboratory analysis as per Table 3.4.2 in Draft Standards and $335/ sample for analytical costs, plus field tech and disb = $500
Guidelines for Landfills in Alberta
2
Utilities gas and/or electricity to run collection and monitoring systems $0.37 to $0.42 / m / year
Annual Subtotal post closure costs
Subtotal post closure costs Subtotal post closure costs
Engineering:
Contingency %:
Total Post Closure Costs:
Based on 2002 rates
Costs supplied by: Envirotest Laboratories, Layfield Geosynthetics and Industrial Fabrics Ltd., North American Construction Ltd.,
demolition contractors, vegetation suppliers, as-builts for SHTC, AENV
closure & post closure costs 7 of 13 b798493d-b3a8-4445-8591-b6c2c9d9193c.xls
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Financial Security for Landfills in Alberta
Based on: Assumptions Class I Class II Class III
POST CLOSURE COSTS
Unplanned Closure Costs
Such as in the event of a liner leak,
corrective action
Leak locate leak in cell using "electrical Leak Detection Method" $4,000
Placement of 10% of total volume of a cell
and placement into an adjacent cell $10 / m3
Repair $6,000
Re-capping $9 / m2
Removal of liquid inventories assume all liquids are deep well disposed by a third party
Leachate in holding tanks $128 m3
Leachate in open cell 2,400 m3
Drainage in control pond 2,100 m3
Subtotal Additional Miscellaneous (Post Closure Costs):
Engineering:
Contingency %:
Total Additional Miscellaneous Post Closure Costs:
closure & post closure costs 8 of 13 b798493d-b3a8-4445-8591-b6c2c9d9193c.xls
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Financial Security for Landfills in Alberta
Based on: Assumptions Class I Class II Class III
CLOSURE COSTS
Subtotal Closure Costs:
Engineering:
Contingency %:
Total Closure Costs:
Subtotal Other Miscellaneous Closure
Costs:
Engineering:
Contingency %:
Total Miscellaneous Closure Costs:
Subtotal Additional Miscellaneous (Closure
Costs):
Engineering:
Contingency %:
Total Additional Miscellaneous Closure
Costs:
GRAND TOTAL (CLOSURE COSTS)
If Closure is in years
To cover Closure Costs are required to be put in the bank annually based on an interest rate of
and an inflation rate of
POST CLOSURE COSTS
Subtotal post closure costs
Engineering:
Contingency %:
Total Post Closure Costs:
Subtotal Unplanned Post Closure Costs:
Engineering:
Contingency %:
Total Additional Miscellaneous Post Closure
Costs:
GRAND TOTAL (POST CLOSURE COSTS)
If Post Closure starts in years
and Post Closure is over years
To cover Closure and Post Closure Costs are required to be put in the bank each annually based on an interest rate of
and an inflation rate of
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Financial Security for Landfills in Alberta
Post Closure Monitoring Cost
Assumes: All groundwater monitors and landfill gas monitors are in place
2002 Analytical Costs - Enviro-test Laboratories
5% inflation rate per year
Average Wastes for Landfill - No site specific Analytical Costs
To allow manual entry of data, click on Tools in the menu, click on
Protection in the submenu, and then click on Unprotect Sheet
Class I Landfill groundwater analysis on 12 monitors
Class II Landfill groundwater analysis on monitors
Class III Landfill groundwater analysis on monitors
Groundwater Monitoring Frequency per Year 2 events
Class I Landfill gas analysis on 6 monitors
Class II Landfill gas analysis on monitors
Class III Landfill has no LFG concerns
Gas Monitoring Frequency per Year 2 events
Monitor cost 10 of 13 b798493d-b3a8-4445-8591-b6c2c9d9193c.xls
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Financial Security for Landfills in Alberta
Monitoring
Frequency
Unit Rate Units per Year ETL Section
Class I Landfill
Analytical - Groundwater
Major ions 110 0 0 0 2.6.1
Dissolved Metals 90 0 0 0 2.5.2.1
Ammonia 20 0 0 0 2.7.1
DOC 35 0 0 0 2.7.3
COD 45 0 0 0 2.7.4
TKN 35 0 0 0 2.7.1
Benzene, 1,4 Dichlorobenzene,
Toluene, Vinyl Chloride 127.5 0 0 0
Sub Total 462.5 $0.00
Analytical - Landfill Gas
Sulphur Compound 200 0 0 0
Carbon Dioxide, O2, N, CH4 105 0 0 0
Tedlar Bags 25 0 0 0
Sub Total $0.00
Field Personnel & Disbursements
Field Tech 60 30 0 0
Truck 100 2 0 0
Cell 20 2 0 0
Water level tape 25 2 0 0
PID meters 150 2 0 0
Gastech 50 2 0 0
Misc. 100 1 0 0
Sub Total $0.00
Annual Report 6500 1 0 $0.00
Total Cost $0.00
Monitor cost 11 of 13 b798493d-b3a8-4445-8591-b6c2c9d9193c.xls
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Financial Security for Landfills in Alberta
Monitoring
Frequency
Unit Rate Units per Year ETL Section
Class II Landfill
Analytical - Groundwater
Major ions 110 0 0 0 2.6.1
Dissolved Metals 90 0 0 0 2.5.2.1
Ammonia 20 0 0 0 2.7.1
DOC 35 0 0 0 2.7.3
COD 45 0 0 0 2.7.4
TKN 35 0 0 0 2.7.1
Benzene, 1,4 Dichlorobenzene,
Toluene, Vinyl Chloride 127.5 0 0 0
Sub Total 462.5 $0.00
Analytical - Landfill Gas
Sulphur Compound 200 0 0 0
Carbon Dioxide, O2, N, CH4 105 0 0 0
Tedlar Bags 25 0 0 0
Sub Total $0.00
Field Personnel & Disbursements
Field Tech 60 24 0 0
Truck 100 2 0 0
Cell 20 2 0 0
Water level tape 25 2 0 0
PID meters 150 2 0 0
Gastech 50 2 0 0
Misc. 100 1 0 0
Sub Total $0.00
Annual Report 6500 1 0 $0.00
Total Cost $0.00
Monitor cost 12 of 13 b798493d-b3a8-4445-8591-b6c2c9d9193c.xls
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Financial Security for Landfills in Alberta
Monitoring
Frequency
Unit Rate Units per Year ETL Section
Class III Landfill
Analytical - Groundwater
Major ions 110 0 0 0 2.6.1
Dissolved Metals 90 0 0 0 2.5.2.1
Ammonia 20 0 0 0 2.7.1
DOC 35 0 0 0 2.7.3
COD 45 0 0 0 2.7.4
TKN 35 0 0 0 2.7.1
Sub Total 335 $0.00
Analytical - Landfill Gas
Not required
Sub Total $0.00
Field Personnel & Disbursements
Field Tech 60 24 0 0
Truck 100 2 0 0
Cell 20 2 0 0
Water level tape 25 2 0 0
PID meters 150 0 0 0
Gastech 50 2 0 0
Misc. 100 1 0 0
Sub Total $0.00
Annual Report 4000 1 0 $0.00
Total Cost $0.00
Monitor cost 13 of 13 b798493d-b3a8-4445-8591-b6c2c9d9193c.xls
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