Normal Newborn Process of Adaptation

							Normal Newborn: Process of
        Adaptation
  Initiation of Respirations
• Development of the lungs
       Fetal lung fluid
       Surfactant
• Causes of respirations
       Chemical
       Thermal
       Mechanical
• Continuation of Respirations
  Cardiovascular Adaptation:
   transition from fetal to neonatal
               circulation
• Ductus
  Arteriosus
• Pulmonary blood
  vessels
• Foramen ovale
• Ductus Venosus
   Neurologic Adaptation:
     Thermoregulation
• Newborn characteristics leading to
  heat loss
• Methods of heat loss
• Non-shivering thermogenisis
• Effects of cold stress
• Neutral thermal environment
• Hyperthermia
    Hazards of cold stress
• Increased O2 need
• Decreased surfactant production
• Respiratory distress
• Hypoglycemia
• Metabolic acidosis
• Jaundice
   Hematologic Adaptation
• Factors affecting the blood
• Blood value
       erythrocytes and HBG
       HCT=48-69% WNL
          above 65% increases risk
          of jaundice
• Risk of clotting deficiency
      vitamin K!!!
Gastrointestinal System
            •   Stomach
            •   Intestines
            •   Digestive Enzymes
            •   Stools
         Hepatic System
• Blood glucose
  maintenance
• Conjugation of
  bilirubin
• Hyperbilirubinemia
     Physiologic
  Jaundice
     Pathologic
  Jaundice
          Urinary System
• Kidney
  development
• Kidney function
• Fluid balance
        Immune System
• Neonate less effective fighting off
  infection
• Immunoglobulin
     IgG
     IgM
     IgA
  Psychosocial Adaptation:
     Behavioral States
• Periods of
  reactivity
• Period of sleep
  quiet sleep
  active sleep
  drowsy
  quiet alert
  active alert
  crying