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NRL Code 7230 Field Activities
in the
Chesapeake Bay and Vicinity:
Summer 2006
Timothy F. Donato
Naval Research Laboratory
Remote Sensing Division, Code 7230
Washington, DC
31 January 2006 Chesapeake Bay Remote Sensing Symposium Timothy F Donato, NRL-DC Code 7230
INTRODUCTION
Terrestrial Organic Matter Cycling
in the Coastal Ocean
Objectives:
1. To deconvolve Hypersperspectral
signatures of coastal waters into PHILLS II Rrs Rappahannock River, Va 01MAR2004
0.004
Pk=Gauss+Lor Amp 10 Peaks
r2=0.999758 SE=1.48617e-05 F=48913.1
0.004
constituents 0.0035
0.003
572.67
702.96
0.0035
0.003
2. To identify organic matter 0.0025 0.0025
% Intensity
BT
Rrs
0.002 610.49 0.002
constituents of terrestrial origin
0.0015 647.91 0.0015
803.97
0.001 524.11 748.05 0.001
Chl-a
482.14
0.0005 0.0005
either directly or through the
436.31
0 0
400 500 600 700 800
Wavelength
PHILLS II Rrs Rappahannock River, Va 01MAR2004
presence of surrogate signatures cdom 0.004
Pk=Gauss+Lor Amp 9 Peaks
r2=0.999844 SE=1.29552e-05 F=85037.6
0.004
0.0035 0.0035
580.42
0.003 0.003
Applications: 0.0025 0.0025
% Intensity
Rrs
697.25
0.002 0.002
516.25 640.43
0.0015 0.0015
1. Earth System Science 0.001
0.0005
449.05
651.81 753.47
801.95 0.001
0.0005
– Carbon Cycling
0 0
400 500 600 700 800
wavelngth
– Ecosystem Dynamics
2. Environmental Management Spectral decomposition
– Water Quality Monitoring leading to identification
– Habitat Monitoring EEI mapping and quantification of
and constituents
quantification
31 January 2006 Chesapeake Bay Remote Sensing Symposium Timothy F Donato, NRL-DC Code 7230
Field Campaign: 21-30 June & 24 July to 4 August 2006
CASI Flights
A. Potomac River ETM D. Other Ches Bay Areas
B. Virginia Coastal Reserve E. Outer Banks/CAPES F
C. SERC F. Delaware River & Bay
Objectives C
• Time/Space evolution of ambient spectral
signatures modified by a tidal environment D
• Spectral variability along a salinity gradient
• Coastal landscape characterization A
• Temporal analysis
• Catalog spectra from diverse environments B
• Observations of Rural, urban, and industrial
waterways
NOAA TWIN OTTER
E
E
31 January 2006 Chesapeake Bay Remote Sensing Symposium Timothy F Donato, NRL-DC Code 7230
Instrumentation
40.5 degrees across-
Field of View
track over 1490 pixels
650nm between 400
Spectral Range
and 1050nm
288 at 2.2nm intervals
Spectral Samples
(2.5 nominal)
Aperture F/3.5 to F/18.0
Dynamic Range 16384:1 (14 bits)
Noise Floor 3.0 DN
Signal to Noise Ratio 800:1 Peak
Data Throughput 5 Mega pixel/sec
31 January 2006 Chesapeake Bay Remote Sensing Symposium Timothy F Donato, NRL-DC Code 7230
Ground Truth Acquisitions
In water Optics Package
– ac-9 absorption & attenuation;
CDOM absorption at 9 λ
– ECO-VSF3 Backscattering at
3∟and 3 λ
– WetStar: Stimulated Chl
Fluorescence
– SBE-49 CTD
Rrs: 350 - 1050 nm 1.4 nm spacing
Water Quality
Temp., DO, Cond., pH
Depth/Vented Level
MICROTOPS II 5-channel Turbidity: Self-Cleaning
hand-held ozonometer Chlorophyll a
– total column ozone. Blue-Green Algae
Li-Cor Ambient Light
– total H20 vapor at 936 nm
– aerosol optical thickness
at 1020 nm.
31 January 2006 Chesapeake Bay Remote Sensing Symposium Timothy F Donato, NRL-DC Code 7230
Tentative CASI Collections for Lower Bay & Tributaries
SERC
Tidal Potomac
Fresh/ ETM Pax River
Lower
Potomac River
Rapp River
Lower
Bay
York
River
VCR
31 January 2006 Chesapeake Bay Remote Sensing Symposium Timothy F Donato, NRL-DC Code 7230
Tentative Collections for Upper Chesapeake Bay & Delaware Bay
Delaware River
Upper Bay
Delaware Bay
Mid
Bay
31 January 2006 Chesapeake Bay Remote Sensing Symposium Timothy F Donato, NRL-DC Code 7230
Tentative CASI Collections for the CAPES
31 January 2006 Chesapeake Bay Remote Sensing Symposium Timothy F Donato, NRL-DC Code 7230
PHILLS Collections for Potomac ETM: 11 July 2005 14:05 UTC
Microcystis Bloom near Confluence
of Port Tobacco River
31 January 2006 Chesapeake Bay Remote Sensing Symposium Timothy F Donato, NRL-DC Code 7230
LUT for Constituent Identification and Quantification
A spectrum-matching and Look-Up-Table techniques
appears to be an attractive method for identifying and
quantifying constituents in HSI from aquatic
environments.
Based on C. Mobely’s radiative transfer model Hydrolight
• Work is in its infancy but shows promising results
for non-case 1 waters
• Requires material absorption and scattering
coefficients for simulation
• Currently absorption coefficients available for
water, cdom, chl-a, some generalized sediments
and bottom types.
• Need additional mineral IOP’s
• Need better execution scheme—can’t compute LUT example using hand-held
spectral for every know component occurring in spectra collected from Indian
natural waters. River Lagoon, FL
• Simulation and Development of environmental
indicator microbes—Couple with ecological Model
31 January 2006 Chesapeake Bay Remote Sensing Symposium Timothy F Donato, NRL-DC Code 7230
Remarks
• Last year of a 3 year effort
• Believe their is an opportunity for future collaborative work
–NRL has sensors
–NOAA has aircraft
–Require modest funding for continued monitoring
–Leverage Labor Resources (Analysis & Dist)
• Need synergy with in situ data collection schemes
31 January 2006 Chesapeake Bay Remote Sensing Symposium Timothy F Donato, NRL-DC Code 7230
Hydrodynamic, Ecological & Optical Modeling
MIKE-3 A 3-D time dependent finite-difference modeling
system designed to simulate a variety of physical,
sediment transport and water quality processes in
estuaries and coastal oceans. Two versions:
MIKE-3 HD Nonhydrostatic Finite difference
MIKE-3 FM Hydrostatic Finite Volume
ECO Lab is a numerical lab for ecological modeling in
aquatic environments and has been developed to
describe chemical, biological, ecological processes and
interactions between state variables. State variables
included in ECO Lab can either be transported by
advection-dispersion processes or have a more fixed
nature. ECO Lab is coupled with MIKE-3
HYDROLIGHT is a radiative transfer numerical model
computes radiance distributions and related quantities
(irradiance, reflectance, diffuse attenuation functions,
etc.) in the ocean. Given a prediction of water
absorption and scattering properties, HYDROLIGHT can
be used to predict the corresponding light field.
31 January 2006 Chesapeake Bay Remote Sensing Symposium Timothy F Donato, NRL-DC Code 7230
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