Melaku Michael Essential Questions 1. Write a brief description of these terms used in scientific research (which uses the scientific method): a. control group- In an experiment the control group is the group of subjects that does not change. b. experimental variable- A variable that does not get affected by the changes. c. dependent variable- A variable affected by another variable. d. observation- A observation is an inference using any of the five senses. e. experimental group- In an experiment the experimental group is the group of subjects that is changed by the variable. f. data collection- Data collection is the act of collecting data from the experiment. g. independent variable- A variable that is not affected by another variable. h. data analysis/representation-Data analysis is he scientists perception of the data either numeric or statistical. And the representation is the graph or visual representation that follows data analysis.
i. controlled experiment- An experiment that includes a control group and is carefully managed. j. hypothesis- A educated guess. k. inference- An inference is one or only possible outcome of the experiment or what the scientist believes to be. l. conclusions/implications- The conclusion of an experiment is the end or finishing of a experiment and the implications are the things that stop or affect the experiment in a way that contradicts to the ways of the scientist. 2. Place the steps of the scientific method from #1 above in the correct order for proper research. Then write a story that solved an everyday problem using the scientific method and each step. Identify each step in the process. Why do spiders spin webs? <-Question They make spider webs for traps on fly’s and other insects<-Hypothesis Remove all the webs from a spider and hey dies from malnutrition<- Scientific Experimentation The spider can not eat food with out the use of his web that he creates<-Analyze Conclusion They hypothesis was true Report Results.
3. Distinguish among laws, theories and hypotheses. A hypothesis is an educated guess A Law is a statement that will always be what it states and will not change. A theory is a well supported body of statements.
4. Identify the metric units for the following. Give 2 examples for each using a practical application in biology class. a. mass- The metric unit is the gram. A gram of sugar. A gram of salt. b. volume- The metric unit is the liter. A liter of water. A liter of oil. c. length- The metric unit is the meter. 1 meter of string. 2 meters of wood. d. density- The metric unit is mass/volume. The rock is very dense. The feather is not dense. e. temperature- The metric unit is Celsius. It is 72 degrees Celsius in he house and 32 degrees Celsius out side. 5. Identify the following types of graphs. Draw an example of each and explain when it would best be used. a. line graph- A line graph is a graph that measures data in he form of lines t would be used in counting how may people dies last week and this week.
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b. bar graph- A bar graph is a graph that measures data in the form of bars it would be useful when measuring the increase of aids victims.
c. pie graph- A pie graph is a graph that is in the shape of a pie and is best used in seeing he overall percentage of something.
6. Define science as either a subject or a process. Defend your answer. - Science to me is a process because it goes thru many different ad elaborate phases that other subjects do not have to go thru. 7. Identify the following divisions of biology:. a. Botany- The study of life under water. e. Genetics-The study of the human genome i. Zoology- The study of animals. m. Ecology- The study of animals and their interactions in the wild b. Anatomy- The study of the makeup of the human body. f. Physiology- The study of the human metal process. j. Biochemistry- The study of chemicals and their natural uses.
n. Cytology- Study of ancient and present bacteria and how we came to be. c. Evolution- The study of how we got here. g. Taxonomy- The study of the naming convention that we give animals. k. Microbiology- The study of very small microscopic elements. o. Anthropology- The study of love. d. Archeology-The study of ancient old fossils. h. Entomology- The study of very small bugs. l. Paleontology- The study of fossils and their body structure. p. Epidemiology- The study of the human skin and its counter parts. 10. Describe "Ethical Issues" involved in biological studies/experiments. Explain a specific example The ethical issues in biological studies or experiments include the dissecting of animals which of course means the animal must be killed and in some countries this raises a very important ethical issue in that we should not kill any animal weather it be for religious or scientific purposes. So this could be one of the areas in which studies or experiments raise a very powerful ethical issue.
11. Create a chart like the one below and fill in with information for 5 safety rules: State the Rule Always wear goggles Wear an apron. Don’t eat the lab material Don’t directly smell any chemicals. Wear closed toe shoes. . Why is it important to follow? So chemicals do not enter your eyes. SO that you don’t ruin your clothing. So you don’t die. So you don’t get sick. So nothing burs your little toes What could happen if you don’t follow it? You could become blind. Your clothing could get ruined. You could die You could get sick. Your little toes fall off.