maier-warren

							           Cognitive Domain                       Selection of active verbs for learning
                                                                     outcomes
1. Knowledge – ability to recall previously       define, label, recall, order, list, quote, match,
   leant material, know specific facts            state, recognise, identify
   methods, procedures, know basic
   concepts/ principles.
2. Comprehension – ability to understand          describe, discuss, summarise, paraphrase,
   the meaning of material, interpret             report, review, understand, explain
   charts/graphs, estimate future
   consequences implied in the data.
3. Application – ability to use learnt            assess, demonstrate, examine, distinguish,
   information in new situations/problems,        establish, show, report, implement,
   solving/solutions that have best answers,      determine, produce, solve, draw, interpret,
   demonstrate correct usage of procedures,       provide, use, utilise,
   apply laws/theories to practical situations.
4. Analysis – ability to identify component       analyse, illustrate, discriminate, differentiate,
   parts of knowledge, to understand its          distinguish, examine, question, infer, support,
   structure and composition, recognise           prove, test, experiment, categorise,
   logical fallacies in reasoning, make
   distinctions between facts and inferences.
5. Synthesis – ability to creatively apply        compile, categorise, generate, negotiate,
   knowledge to new areas, integrate new          reconstruct, reorganise, revise, validate,
   knowledge, write well argued                   organise, plan, propose, set up, substitute,
   paper/speech, propose research design to       initiate, express, compare, modify, design,
   test hypothesis.                               create, build, devise, integrate
6. Evaluation – ability to judge the value of     appraise, criticise, assess, argue, justify,
   evidence/material for a given purpose.         defend, interpret, support, estimate, evaluate,
                                                  critique, review



                                 Adapted from Bloom’s taxonomy in Maier & Warren (2000)




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