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Hindi Consonants
March 1, 2009
Page 1
Hindi Consonants
March 1, 2009
Introduction
Welcome to the ISpeakHindi.com Hindi consonants
book. This set of sessions will help you hear and say the
Hindi consonants. Each track of these CDs is one
episode that is focused on one letter. You will hear this
letter by itself, at the beginning of words, in the middle
of words, and at the end of words.
These lessons should only be heard one or two at a
time. The point is to focus on listening and speaking the
letter and associated sound. Many words are covered,
but the purpose of these words is not to increase your
vocabulary but to demonstrate the letter. Therefore,
do not worry about memorizing the words. Focus on
the letters.
We hope that this booklet and associated CDs will help
you improve your pronunciation and listening of the
Hindi sounds. Please come by the ISpeakHindi.com
website and see other sessions too.
Page 2
Hindi Consonants
March 1, 2009
क
At the Beginning
कर yesterday; tomorrow
कफ - when
कऩ - cup
कभ – less
कभर – lotus
CD 1 Track 2
कफूतय – pigeon
In the Middle With other vowels
फकयी – goat - banana
- house
नौकय – servant
- ear
ऩकना – to ripen
At the End
वक – crane (bird)
एक - one
नभक – salt
नाक – nose
ऐनक - glasses
Page 3
Hindi Consonants
March 1, 2009
ख
At the Beginning
- rabbit
खत - letter (like you get in
the mail)
खट खट - knocking CD 1 Track 3
In the Middle With other vowels
- to see - food (also
- to put means "to eat")
- fan
- to write
- hungry
- to loose
At the End
- open
- see (command)
यख - put (command) - to open
- write (command) - game
- eye - to play
- to show
- toy
Page 4
Hindi Consonants
March 1, 2009
ग
At the Beginning
गत - last, past, previous
गयदन (f) - neck
गयभ - warm, hot
गऩ (f) - gossip
In the Middle
CD 1 Track 4
आगया – Agra With other vowels
जागना - to wake up (f) - carrot
अगरा – next (f) - car; train
At the End
(m) - song
आग(f) - fire
- to fall
जाग - get up - in front
भाँग - demand
नाग - snake
नग - jewelry
फाग - garden
Page 5
Hindi Consonants
March 1, 2009
घ
At the Beginning
- dense
घय (m) - house/home
- watch
In the Middle
- bangra - type of
Punjabi dance
CD 1 Track 5
At the End
- tiger
With other vowels
- (name of a month on
the Hindi calendar) - to enter
- horse
- river bank
Page 6
Hindi Consonants
March 1, 2009
च
At the Beginning
- to taste
- chick-pea
- to move
In the Middle
रचक - movement of body CD 1 Track 6
- garbage
- to escape
With other vowels
At the End
- uncle (father's
खचच -expense younger brother)
- key
- pepper
- tea
Page 7
Hindi Consonants
March 1, 2009
छ
At the Beginning
छत - roof (f)
छह - six
- sixth
CD 1 Track 7
In the Middle With other vowels
- fish - umbrella
- small
At the End - fisherman
- something - turtle
- mustache
Page 8
Hindi Consonants
March 1, 2009
ज
In the Beginning
जफ - when (e.g. When I go to
the store, I will buy milk.)
जर - water
जग - jug; world
CD 1 Track 8
- answer, reply With other vowels
- to go
In the Middle - net
सजनी - sweetheart, lady - shoe
साजन - sweetheart, man
सजग - vigilant
At the End
गज - elephant
साज - preparation
ताज - crown
आज - today
Page 9
Hindi Consonants
March 1, 2009
झ
At the Beginning
झट – instantly
झगड़ा – fight
In the Middle
CD 1 Track 9
- to understand
With other vowels
- broom
At the End
- flag
सभझ - understanding
- lie
- evening
- false
Page
10
Hindi Consonants
March 1, 2009
ट
At the Beginning
टन - ton
टफ - tub
टभाटय – tomato
CD 1 Track 10
टभटभ - horse
टाटा - bye-bye
At the End
रट - a lock of hair
टनटन - sound of the bell
हट - move
टहनी - small tree branch
- fraud
In the Middle
- coat
फटन - button
With other vowels
भटय - peas
- hat/cap
अटर – unmovable
= upside down
आटा - flour
= innumerable
अटकर – manipulation
खाट - a kind of Indian bed
- rails
झटऩट - to do fast
Page
11
Hindi Consonants
March 1, 2009
ठ
At the Beginning
ठग - a villain; a robber
- coppersmith
- a loud laugh
In the Middle CD 1 Track 11
- wake up/get up
With other vowels
- bundle - cart
ऩठन - reading/reciting - cold
At the End - difficult
- sweet
- knot
- - pomp
हठ - stubbornness
आठ - eight
Page
12
Hindi Consonants
March 1, 2009
ड
At the Beginning
डकाय - a belch
डगय - a road, track; path
डफ - a pocket
CD 1 Track 12
- a small drum
At the End
डयना - to be afraid of
सूँड - dried ginger
डय - fear
- chapter (in a
डभ डभ - drumming sound
book)
डरना - to slide
- name of
- bucket a deamon
In the Middle With other vowels
- fearless - boy doll
ुं
कडर - type of big ear ring - girl doll
- sandal भुंडा - bald or shaven head
भुंडन - first, ceremonial,
shaving of a child's head
Page
13
Hindi Consonants
March 1, 2009
ढ
At the Beginning
- to cover
- cover (of a pot)
CD 2 Track 1
- to set (as in sun is
setting) With other vowels
- a type of dum (can ढोर - drum
ढोना - to carry, to convey
be beaten on both sides)
- to collapse, to fall to
- to proclaim
piece
ढू ढना - to search
ढफ - proper conduct
- slope फेढंगा - without manners
In the Middle ढे ढा - pod or seed capsule
ढभढभ - sound of drumming
At the End
- search
Page
14
Hindi Consonants
March 1, 2009
ण
At the Beginning
no words start with ण
In the Middle
CD 2 Track 2
गणक - calculating
With other vowels
गणन- counting
- mathematics
-
independence
At the End
फाण – arrow
गण - group
- deer
- virtues
- complete
= young
कायण - reason
Page
15
Hindi Consonants
March 1, 2009
त
At the Beginning
तन - body
तट - riverbank तफ - then
तयह - a type of, kind of
CD 2 Track 3
तक - up to - fate
With other vowels
In the Middle
- butterfly
फयतन - pots & pans
- you (informal)
फतख - duck यतन - jewels
बायती - Indian
At the End
- seven
तीखा - spicy
- matter तोता - parrot
खत - letter अतीत - past
At the End - history
भत - don't छत - roof
बयत - boy's name
बगत - saint शयफत - syrup
- ink-pot
Page
16
Hindi Consonants
March 1, 2009
थ
At the Beginning
थकान – tiredness
थर - land
थन - udders
CD 2 Track 4
थयभस – thermos
With other vowels
- to stop; to stand still
थूथन - to pout
थयथय - trembling, shaking - a Bengali name for a
man
In the Middle
कथा - story (religious story) (f)
- to stir vigorously
साथी – friend
कथक - type of South Indian dance
हाथी - elephant
At the End थार - a large metal plate
नथ - nose-ring
यथ - chariot
साथ – with
हाथ - hand(s)
Page
17
Hindi Consonants
March 1, 2009
द
At the Beginning
दस - ten
दभ - self control
दभन - subduing
- to be crushed
CD 2 Track 5
With other vowels
In the Middle दो - two
कदभ - step - poor, needy
दरदर - swamp - river
- cloud - beast of prey
- 14 - pain
अदयक - ginger - paternal grandfather
(father's father)
- paternal grandmother
At the End
(father's mother)
- son-in-law
- tooth
- ringworm
- to remember; to memorize
- after
Page
18
Hindi Consonants
March 1, 2009
ध
At the Beginning
धन - property, wealth, money,
funds
धक - shock
CD 2 Track 6
- firm, hard, strong
With other vowels
धत - bad habit; weakness
धँधाय - fire
धभक - drumming or thumping धंधा - craft, occupation,
sound business
- beating आधाय - base
धक-धक - sound of beating (as दधध - yogurt
in the sound of a beating
heart)
आधा - half
In the Middle अनुयाधा - a common lady's
चौधयी - headman of the name (also: stars in Libra,
lunar mansion)
village
At the End
दगध - to burn
अनुयोध - request, appeal
Page
19
Hindi Consonants
March 1, 2009
न
At the Beginning
नर -tap
नट - actor CD 2 Track 7
नय - man At the End
नब - sky फन - forest
नस - vein वन - forest
नभक - salt टन - ton
नकर - copy जन - people
नकद - cash फटन - button
कान – ear
In the Middle खान – mine
ऐनक - eyeglasses
यन - wilderness
कनक - gold
- day भन -
heart
With other vowels चंदन – sandlewood
धधनमा - coriander - three
- a bow भोहन - name of a boy
- salty
Page
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Hindi Consonants
March 1, 2009
ऩ
At the Beginning
ऩय - on
ऩर - moment
- read (a command)
CD 2 Track 8
ऩवन - air
At the End
- hold, grasp
साँऩ – snake
- fifty
सीऩ – oyster
In the Middle - curse
ऩचऩन - fifty-five With other
तऩन - heat
vowels
चौऩट - to ruin - father
नऩाई – measurement
चऩर - active
ऩऩीहा - cuckoo bird
चायऩाई - Indian cot
Page
21
Hindi Consonants
March 1, 2009
प
At the
Beginning
पर - fruit
पन - snake's
expanded hood CD 2 Track 9
पयश - floor At the End
- to twitch खौफ़ – fear
पय -पय - flapping साफ़ – clean
sound
With other
vowels
In the Middle
पाटक – gate
सपर - successful
गुपा – cave
- type of
Indian drum
Page
22
Hindi Consonants
March 1, 2009
फ
At the Beginning
फन - forest फर - power
फटन - button फस - enough
फदन - body
फतख - duck CD 2 Track 10
फहस (f)- argument, With other vowels
dispute, controversy - population
फहन - sister - settled
In the Middle - oral, unwritten
ऊफना - to be bored - to chew, to bite
दफरा - thin, weak
ु - washerman
दफना - to be pressed - washerman's
wife
down
- soap
At the End
- whole,
टफ - tub कफ - when?
undamaged
जफ - when सफ - all
- awesomeness
अफ - now
- apple
Page
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Hindi Consonants
March 1, 2009
ब
At the Beginning
बय - to fill
बम - fear
बवन - mansion
CD 2 Track 11
बगत - devotee
With other vowels
बजन (m) - hymn,
devotional song अबेद - identical
In the Middle अबूत - not having been
बरबर - (f) the sound of आबाय – burden
flowing or gushing water
– indebted
At the End
आबूषण – jewels
ऊब - rising and sinking in
water आबा - light
- donkey गोबी – cauliflower
- auspicious, good ओबी – pit
कबी - sometime
अबी– now सबी - all
भ
At the Beginning
भत - don't
Page
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Hindi Consonants
March 1, 2009
भन - heart, mind, soul CD 2 Track 12
भटय - peas At the End
भगय - if not; (m) आभ - mango
crocodile
कभ - less
भहक - good smell;
गभ - worry, sadness
fragrance
कदभ - step
काभ – work
In the Middle
शाभ – evening
भरभर - muslin/fine
fabric With other
कभर - lotus flower
vowels
दभक - glimmer आदभी – man
अभन - peace - friend
अभय - immortal भीठा – sweet
अभर - action, clear,
pure
Page
25
Hindi Consonants
March 1, 2009
म
At the
Beginning
मह - this
मश - glory ya
मभ - name of the god CD 3 Track 1
who judges and
At the End
punishes the dead
सभम - time
मभन - the country
Yemen जम - victory
- sacrifice अजम - boy's name
- name of a - tea
river in India With other vowels
In the Middle - to appoint
- rule - small lamp
- destiny - body
- ate
छामा - shadow
य
At the
Beginning
Page
26
Hindi Consonants
March 1, 2009
- to memorize
यथ - night ra
यस - juice CD 3 Track 2
यख - keep At the End
(command)
घय - house
यतन - jewels
ऩय - on कय - do
- eraser
डय - scare नय - man
In the Middle बय - fill अगय - if
तयस - pity नगय - city
गयभ - hot - news
सयर - easy With other
vowels
- fair skinned
- (name for a
girl)
खाया – salty
र
At the Beginning
रट - lock of hair
- to fight
Page
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Hindi Consonants
March 1, 2009
रत - habit
रहय - wave (as in the
la
sea) CD 3 Track 3
रगन - interest (as in At the End
desire, curiosity, liking)
जर - water
- tax
पर - fruit
- garlic
ऩर - moment
In the Middle
कर - yesterday/tomorrow
गरत - wrong, incorrect
चर - walk, (let's go)
- to move
छर - deception
With other vowels
थर - land दर - team
- rose
नर - tap (faucet)
- pink
हर - plow
- slave
फर - power, strength
- colorful powder
फार – hair
व va
At the Beginning
वन - forest
वह - he/she/it/that CD 3 Track 4
Page
28
Hindi Consonants
March 1, 2009
वध - murder At the End
वश - control, in power - fourth part,
वचन - promise quarter
वजह - reason - pride
वट - Banyan tree - motion,
movement
In the Middle
हवन - ceremony where an
With other
offering is made to the fire vowels
god
- rider
बवन - mansion
- custom
सावन - name of the fifth
month of the Hindu lunar
calendar (July - August)
सावधान - attentive
- rainy season
- holy, sacred
श
At the
Beginning
शक - doubt
Page
29
Hindi Consonants
March 1, 2009
शतक - a collection of
hundred items sha
- (m) chess CD 3 Track 5
शयभ - shy
At the End
शहद - honey
- the senses,
शरगभ - beet root mind, understanding
शहय - town
With other
vowels
In the Middle - noise
शशक - a rabbit - skillful,
- famous intelligent
- syrup - Yashoda
(a girl's name)
ष
At the
Beginning
- hexagon
षट - six
Page
30
Hindi Consonants
March 1, 2009
- six
faces Sha
CD 3 Track 6
In the Middle With other
सुषभ - lovely, beautiful vowels
ववशेषण – adjective - language
At the End - rain
- special - ban,
prevention
दोष - blame, fault, to
accuse
स
At the Beginning
सच - truth
सफ - all
सज - decoration sa
- road CD 3 Track 7
सफक - lesson With other vowels
- singing with
Page
31
Hindi Consonants
March 1, 2009
In the Middle music
- (f) season, - cycle of births,
weather life in this world
- to suck - mixture,
union, dealings
At the End
- sitting together,
यस - juice
parliament
फस - enough (also "bus")
- father-in-law's
नस - vein house
तयस - pitty - father-in-law (of
- touch stone husband or wife)
- pass, ticket, ऩासा - dice, dice game,
nearby throw of dice
ह
At the Beginning
हर – plough
हभ - we हद - limit
हट - move
ha
- swallow CD 3 Track 8
In the Middle At the End
भहर - palace सह - with, along with,
Page
32
Hindi Consonants
March 1, 2009
सहज - natural, easy, together
simple
- face
सहचय - going, or
मह - this वह - that
associating with,
- way
companion
- planet
सहन - patience, tolerance
- (male) fellow
With other vowels
student - there
(female) - to be
fellow student
- loss
- cooperation
- deer
सहय - the time just before
- Hindi
dawn, dawn
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33
