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Original: August, 2007. Revised: Dec. 19, 2007
UBC DEPARTMENT OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING
Guidelines for Workplace-Specific Safety Training
Introduction
This material provides a detailed explanation of training requirements for new
students and employees. Legislation to this effect was enacted as of July, 2007. Training
and orientation are provided at two levels: (1) departmental, and; (2) by the supervisor.
At departmental level safety training and orientation include:
Orientation package to new students/employees - Information on training and
safety requirements, forms and department website safety page.
Personal Safety Orientation Worksheet - a checklist that covers general,
departmental safety concerns. To be completed by the student/worker in
consultation with the supervisor or designated trainer.
Other required forms (if any)
Required UBC HS&E safety courses -
Laboratory chemical safety
Radiation safety (for anyone using radioactive sources)
Biosafety (for anyone using bio-infectious agents)
Others (as required)
Required departmental seminars -
Introduction to the MTRL safety program seminar
WHIMS
Gas regulator safety
Project planning sheets use (hazard assessment/minimization)
Introduction to the departmental safety program (including safety
information/forms on department website)
Some specific types of training - (e.g. use of picric acid, handling liquid nitrogen,
etc.)
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Training to be provided by the supervisor covers the specific hazards associated
with the individual labs or areas. This needs to be documented:
(i) A description of the training to be provided, forms and checklists must be
documented. This provides sufficient proof that adequate training is being made
available. (ii) Records of training for each individual. This can be accomplished with
checklists that both the trainer and the student/worker initial to indicate that training has
been provided.
Both of these need to be developed and implemented by the supervisor. Supervisors may
designate senior personnel in their lab to conduct training.
The requirements for training are outlined in this material. It has the following
structure:
1. A checklist is provided immediately following this introduction. This has to be filled
out for each new student/employee and returned to the departmental safety program
administrator. It indicates that the new person has received training from the supervisor
(or designated trainer). This is NOT a suitable record of the lab/area specific training. It
merely indicates to the department administration that the required training has been
given. The records of specific training are kept by the supervisor. (n/a may be entered for
fields that do not apply.)
2. Next, Appendix 1 has the original document provided by UBC HS&E in response to
the new legislation. It has links to websites for further information. This may be
consulted by the supervisor so that he/she can develop the required training.
3. Appendix 2 contains UBC policy 7 on safety.
4. Finally Appendix 3 provides further elaboration on the training topics outlined in
Appendix 1. If necessary, supervisors may consult this material for further information
and examples of training documents. Example documents can be used and modified by
the supervisor.
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Department of Materials Engineering
Record of Training Provided For New Students/Employees/Visitors
Student/employee/visitor name (print) .............................................................................
Supervisor name (print) ...................................................................................................
Trainer name (print) ..........................................................................................................
Date of orientation………………………………………..................................................
Indicate with your initials that the following areas have been covered.
Trainer Worker
1. Rights and responsibilities
Process of right/duty to refuse unsafe work has been reviewed
2. Workplace safety rules
Lab/area-specific safety rules have been reviewed
3. Hazards (lab/area-specific)
Materials hazards explained
Work environment hazards explained
Work processes hazards explained
Ergonomic hazards explained
4. Rules for working alone
Documented rules for monitoring and summoning assistance
explained on types of work that can be done alone
Restrictions
Personal security risks and risk minimization explained
6. Personal protective equipment (PPE)
Rules and requirements for use of PPE communicated
Limitations of PPE explained
How to use PPE demonstrated and understood
Note: Item 5, “Violence avoidance,” will be covered in the departmental safety
orientation.
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Instructor Worker
7. First aid/medical treatment: reporting injuries/illness
Explain the reporting requirements for work-related injuries and
illnesses
8. Emergency procedures
Likely emergencies described (lab/area-specific and in the vicinity)
Procedures communicated (Use of extinguishers, use of safety
showers/eyewashes, exit routes etc.) (See note 1)
9. Worker instruction for tasks
Requirements for specific training by supervisor or designate
explained. (Refers to lab/area procedures and equipment.)
Worker must be able to demonstrate capability has been explained
Safety/maintenance requirements for equipment explained
Note 1. These items may be covered in the HS&E laboratory chemical safety course. If a
student/employee needs to commence work prior to the laboratory chemical safety course
being available, then the requirements will have to be met by the supervisor by another
means.
Trainer signature ..............................................................................................................
Worker/student/visitor signature ....................................................................................
Note: Item 10, “Introduction to the department’s health and safety program,” will be
covered in the department safety orientation.
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Appendix
This appendix contains more detailed information to assist the training instructor.
Further information is available from the department safety manual, HS&E
(www.ubc.hse.ca) and WorksafeBC.
Contents
Number Title
1 Safety orientation requirements
2 UBC policy 7
3.1 Rights and responsibilities
Right and responsibility to refuse unsafe work – the process
3.2 Workplace safety rules
Lab/area specific
Department safety rules for individuals and supervisors
Monthly laboratory inspection checklist
3.3 Hazards (lab/area specific)
Common hazards in the department
Hazard assessment (Project planning sheets)
Hazard control
3.4 Hazards and rules associated with working alone
3.5 Violence avoidance
3.6 Personal protective equipment
3.7 First aid/medical treatment: reporting injuries/illness
3.8 Emergency procedures
3.9 Instructing workers in new tasks
3.10 Department health and safety program
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Appendix 1. Safety orientation requirements
The original document with links is reproduced below. This summarizes
requirements and guidelines for fulfilling them. This is provided as a resource, and not as
a required document for training purposes. It may be used or adapted as required by
each supervisor.
University of British Columbia
Workplace Safety Orientation Requirements
New Employees and New Faculty Members
Prepared by
Health, Safety and Environment
June 15, 2007
All employees and faculty members new to the University must receive appropriate
training and orientation in the hazards of their work sites and the procedures that must be
followed to safely perform their work. The University’s Safety Policy #7 requires that
administrative heads of units ensure that all persons working or studying within their unit
are trained in and follow all environmental and safety procedures. Accident rates for
new and young workers are significantly higher than for mature and experienced
workers. In response to this reality, WorksafeBC has recently proclaimed an
amendment to the Occupational Health and Safety Regulation, effective July 26,
2007, that requires training and orientation to be provided to a new employee before
beginning new work. The regulation further defines the workplace specific topics that
must be addressed in the orientation program. For a copy of the new regulations please
see the WorksafeBC website at:
http://www.worksafebc.com/regulation_and_policy/public_hearings/assets/pdf/2006_fall_public_
hearings/Part%203_approved.pdf
Orientation training must be conducted at the worksite by the immediate supervisor or
designate. Safety training involving hands-on demonstrations and introduction to
specific workplace hazards and facilities are essential to ensure that the orientation is
effective. The orientation must be documented and signed off by the worker and the
training records kept for possible review by WorksafeBC inspectors or internal auditors.
Department or unit specific training and orientation may need to be supplemented by
other safety courses. For instance, the University requires that employees and students
pass an HSE course in Laboratory Radiation, Biosafety or Chemical Safety before
working independently in these areas. Check the HSE website at http://www.hse.ubc.ca/
for a listing of course offerings. If a desired course is not listed, please contact HSE at
604 822-2029. Special arrangements may be possible.
HSE has developed Safety Orientation Guidelines that are intended to support
departments in the development of their orientation program that meets their obligations
and demonstrates due diligence in safety orientation and training activities. Please see the
attached pages. The documents include a template Safety Training Record and a
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Personal Safety Checklist template for new workers to complete as part of their
orientation. Note that hypertext links to background material are imbedded in the Word
documents.
For clarification on this or related issues, please contact the Department of Health Safety
and Environment 822-2029.
Safety Orientation Guidelines
Rights and responsibilities:
Under UBC Policy# 7 – Review the Safety Policy with the worker. Explain the
roles and responsibilities of supervisors and workers, the requirements to observe
all rules, be safety conscious, report accidents and hazards to their supervisor and
support the safety committee. See policy at
http://www.universitycounsel.ubc.ca/policies/policy7.pdf
Under the WorksafeBC regulation – Explain under Regulation 3.12 the right and
duty to refuse unsafe work and the work refusal process. The worker must also be
told of the protection against discrimination under the WorkSafeBC legislation.
The right to know the hazards of the work, and to participate in safety activities
through the safety committee must also be explained.
Date Instructor Worker
_____________ Initials _________ Initials ___________
Workplace Safety Rules
Train the worker in Departmental and University rules covering the work to be
performed. Topics include working alone, restrictions on certain pieces of
equipment, specific operating instructions, prohibition of eating in laboratories,
and PPE required. These instructions should be in writing or on a departmental
LAN or website. Safety rules should address all the hazards that may be
encountered. This training should include hands-on demonstrations and require
the worker to perform the tasks as part of the learning process.
Housekeeping should be addressed with instructions to keep aisles and exits clear.
Access to emergency equipment such as fire extinguishers or emergency showers
must be maintained at all times. Proper conduct is addressed with instruction that
horseplay, threats, assaults and fighting are prohibited, as are practical jokes and
unnecessary running. Part3 Division 3 (116)
Date Instructor Worker
_____________ Initials _________ Initials ___________
Job hazards, including chemical hazards under WHMIS
Hazards from materials, work environment and equipment use, and work
processes including ergonomic risks must fully explained. If working in
proximity to hazardous materials is part of the workers duties then training must
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be provided in the Workplace Hazardous Material Information System. Training
should include labeling information, MSDS access and the procedures for specific
chemicals and processes including hazard controls and emergency procedures.
Workers must be able to answer the following questions:
What are the hazards of the materials in the workplace?
How do you protect yourself?
Where can you find hazard information?
What you do in an emergency?
If workers are in a location that involves contact with the public, they must advise
of any risks that may arise including abusive behavior, robbery, and assault or
possible confrontation.
Date Instructor Worker
_____________ Initials _________ Initials ___________
Rules for working alone
If the work requires working alone or in isolation then the procedures for
monitoring and summoning assistance must be fully explained and documented.
The procedures must include a system for checking on the well being of the
worker and establishing the time intervals for checking on the isolated worker.
In many Departments, restrictions are placed on the use of laboratories or
workshop equipment after hours unless specific arrangements are made to have
more than one person present and available to assist during any untoward
instances.
Working alone may increase the risk to personal security. Procedures for
minimizing these risks must be in place and fully explained to the worker.
Date Instructor Worker
_____________ Initials _________ Initials ___________
Procedures to avoid violence in the workplace
If violence from clients or the public is a risk then the procedures to protect the
workers from violence or assaults must be covered. Workers should be advised
that “violence” includes threatening statements, gestures to the individual or
others as well as physical assault. Procedures for summoning assistance must be
covered. Any instances must be reported to the supervisor for investigation and
possible remediation.
Workers must be advised of the University services available to reduce risks such
as evening Safewalk services, shuttle buses to remote parking areas and blue light
phones. See Campus Security website at http://www.security.ubc.ca/ for details.
This topic may be integrated with “working alone” or hazard of workplace” topics
listed above.
Date Instructor Worker
_____________ Initials _________ Initials ___________
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Personal Protective Equipment rules
The use of personal protective equipment to protect against job hazards must be
addressed, including the rules of use, limitations, care and maintenance, and
instruction to report any problems with such equipment for resolution. Workers
should be properly fitted and be able to demonstrate the proper use of the
equipment.
This may include clothing rules, footwear, and cold or wet weather clothing.
Workers must be aware that the provision of PPE is the responsibility of the
University. Inform the worker of the allowances available for protective footwear
if it is required.
Date Instructor Worker
_____________ Initials _________ Initials ___________
First Aid Services, Reporting injuries or illness
Inform the employee of the University first aid number (2-4444) for the Point
Gray Campus, or appropriate numbers for other campus locations, name and
location of local first aid attendant, if one is available. Procedure for reporting
illness or injury to the supervisor must be covered include the requirement under
Part 3 Section 317 to report any injuries as soon as possible preferably before
leaving the worksite. The worker should understand that the University will report
any injury or illness to WorkSafeBC.
Date Instructor Worker
_____________ Initials _________ Initials ___________
Emergency Procedures
Describe to the employee the most likely emergency situations, and the
appropriate emergency procedures. Location of fire alarms, extinguishers, safety
showers and eyewashes, exit routes, assembly points, and civic addresses must be
physically demonstrated.
Emergency procedures are published in the first pages of the University phone
book. Hazardous material incidents must be covered with instructions to summon
assistance before attempting any major spill clean up. Posted phone numbers with
key departmental contacts must be a part of emergency procedure awareness. The
new worker should complete the attached Personal Safety Checklist to document
emergency response training.
Date Instructor Worker
_____________ Initials _________ Initials ___________
Instructing the workers in their tasks
Every worker must be instructed in and be able to demonstrate the specific work
tasks to be performed. The supervisor must observe the worker performing the
task and determine that the worker is capable of working safely. As new tasks are
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assigned, additional training must be provided. The safety and maintenance
requirements of equipment such as daily inspection before use and reporting of
any equipment problems must be covered. Defective equipment is not to be used.
Date Instructor Worker
_____________ Initials _________ Initials ___________
Introduce the department’s health and safety program
Introduce the worker to the departmental health and safety manual. Explain the
departmental program including the departmental safety policy, safety training
requirements, inspectional programs, accident investigations, the role of the safety
committee, and the management systems in place to ensure a safe work place.
Refer the worker to the HSE web site for further safety information
www.hse.ubc.ca .
The names of the Safety Committee members and contact information must be
provided.
Date Instructor Worker
_____________ Initials _________ Initials ___________
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Appendix 2. UBC Policy 7
Note in particular the definition of a supervisor as anyone providing supervisory
oversight to another person. From the context it should be clear when the principal
investigator as supervisor is implied.
Approval Date:
Policy No.: January 1985
The University of British
7 Last Revision:
Columbia March 1994
Board of Governors
Responsible Executive:
Vice-President, Administration and
Finance
Title:
University Safety
Background & Purposes:
To articulate the University’s objective of providing a safe, healthy and secure environment for all
members of faculty and staff, students and visitors, and to delineate responsibility for achieving it.
1. General
1.1. The University aims to provide a safe, healthy and secure environment in which to carry on the
University’s affairs. All possible preventive measures are taken to eliminate accidental injuries,
occupational diseases and risks to personal security.
1.2. Compliance with the Workers Compensation Act, WHMIS and related legislation is the minimum
standard acceptable. All students and members of faculty and staff are encouraged to strive to
exceed these minimum legal standards and to eliminate unnecessary risks.
PROCEDURE SUMMARY
Approved: January 1985
Revised: June 2005
Pursuant to Policy #1: Administration of Policies, "Procedures may be amended by the President, provided the new
procedures conform to the approved policy. Such amendments are reported at the next meeting of the Board of
Governors and are incorporated in the next publication of the UBC Policy and Procedure Handbook."
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1. The University
1.1. It is the responsibility of the University acting through administrative heads of unit to:
1.1.1. provide a safe, healthy and secure working environment;
1.1.2. ensure regular inspections are made and take action as required to improve unsafe
conditions;
1.1.3. ensure that health, safety, and personal security considerations form an integral part of the
design, construction, purchase and maintenance of all buildings, equipment and work
processes;
1.1.4. provide first aid facilities where appropriate;
1.1.5. support supervisors and safety committees in the implementation of an effective health,
safety and security program;
1.1.6. ensure compliance with WCB and other applicable legislation;
1.1.7. establish department or building safety committees;
1.1.8. communicate with the university community or affected groups about events or situations
when potentially harmful conditions arise or are discovered;
1.1.9. ensure adequate resources are available to implement appropriate procedures.
2. The Supervisor
2.1. It is the responsibility of supervisory staff to:
2.1.1. formulate specific safety rules and safe work procedures for their area of supervision;
2.1.2. ensure that all employees under their supervision are aware of safety practices and follow
safety procedures;
2.1.3. provide training in the safe operation of equipment;
2.1.4. inspect regularly their areas for hazardous conditions;
2.1.5. correct promptly unsafe work practices or hazardous conditions;
2.1.6. be responsive to concerns expressed about personal security and investigate any
accidents, incidents or personal security concerns which have occurred in their area of
responsibility;
2.1.7. report any accidents or incidents involving personal security to the appropriate University
authority;
2.1.8. participate, if requested, on department or building safety committees.
3. Individual Students and Members of Staff and Faculty
3.1. It is the responsibility of individual students and members of faculty and staff to:
3.1.1. observe safety rules and procedures established by supervisory staff, administrative heads
of unit and the University;
3.1.2. be safety-conscious in all activities, be they work, study or recreation;
3.1.3. report as soon as possible any accident, injury, unsafe condition, insecure condition or
threats to personal security to a supervisor or administrative head of unit;
3.1.4. use properly and care for adequately personal protective equipment provided by the
University;
3.1.5. participate, if elected or appointed, on departmental or building safety committees.
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4. Detailed Procedures
4.1. The University Health and Safety Committee and UBC Okanagan Health and Safety Committee
work to achieve these objectives by providing education and reviewing policies and procedures.
4.2. Department/Area/Building Safety Committees carry out the safety programs within their areas
and make recommendations to ensure that the safety objectives of the University can be
achieved. (Terms of Reference for these committees available through the Department of
Health, Safety and Environment.)
4.3. The Department of Health, Safety and Environment and the Department of Parking and Security
Services assist departments to implement and maintain effective health, safety and personal
security programs, liaise with the regulatory authorities on behalf of the University and support
the activities of the University’s Safety Committees.
4.4. For more information, please consult with the Department of Health, Safety and Environment
and/or the Department of Parking and Security Services.
5. Definitions
5.1. An administrative head of unit is a Director of a service unit, a Head of an academic department, a
Director of a centre, institute or school, a Principal of a college, a Dean, an Associate Vice
President, the Registrar, the University Librarian, a Vice President or the President.
5.2. A supervisor is a person, not necessarily an administrative head of unit, who has been delegated
supervisory responsibility for others working or studying at UBC.
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Appendix 3.1 Rights and responsibilities
Right and responsibility to refuse unsafe work – the process
Under WorksafeBC regulations an employee has the right and duty to refuse
unsafe work. The associated process is explained here. The following material is derived
from the UBC HS&E safety committee training manual.
“No member of the faculty, staff or student should be doing any activity if they
believe that the activity would create an undue hazard to themselves or to others.
Occupational Health and Safety Regulation (Section 3.12) of British Columbia (WCB)
addresses this issue with regulations. Further, WCB legislation requires that all
employees must be trained and be aware of all hazards to which they are likely to be
exposed. Workers have a “Right to Know” the hazards of their work.”
1. When someone has reasonable grounds for believing that an activity they are about to
do carries a risk of death, serious injury or serious illness towards any person, including
themselves, they have the right and responsibility to report the circumstances to their
supervisor (principle investigator).
2. The supervisor will investigate and (a) ensure that any unsafe condition is remedied
without delay, or (b) if in his/her opinion the report is invalid, inform the one who made
the report. (Discussion with the safety committee may be helpful.)
3. The supervisor may not assign the work to another person without informing them that
the work has been refuse, the reason for refusal and their right to refuse the work.
4. When step 2. does not resolve the matter, the supervisor shall investigate it in the
presence of the complainant and also: (a) a co-worker representative from the safety
committee, or (b) a member of the union representing the worker, or if (a) and (b) are not
available, (c) any reasonably available worker selected by the complainant.
5. If the matter is not resolved both the supervisor and complainant must notify a
WorksafeBC officer who shall investigate without undue delay and issue necessary
orders. HS&E is also to be informed at this point.
6. The refusing worker may not be subjected to disciplinary action as he/she acted in
compliance with 3.12 regulation.
7. A temporary assignment to alternative work (at no loss of pay) can be made. This shall
not constitute disciplinary action.
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Appendix 3.2. Workplace safety rules
(a) Lab/area specific safety rules
Supervisors may have specific safety rules for their areas. These may be provided
in written form and/or posted. The supervisor is responsible to ensure that the safety rules
are communicated and that they are followed.
(b) Department safety rules
These rules are general. These are covered during the initial safety orientation
and are available on the departmental website, safety page. All personnel must be
familiar with these basic safety rules. There are rules for individuals and for supervisors.
They are reproduced here for convenience.
For individuals
1. The following apply to all laboratories (research and undergraduate), shops areas and
all areas of the stores. In these areas:
(a) Suitable eye protection shall be worn at all times, in laboratories and other indicated
hazardous areas, by all personnel and visitors, regardless of whether they are working
or not. (Suitable eye protection depends on the area and activities. Supervisors shall
determine the minimum requirements.)
(b) Lab coats shall be worn by any person present in a laboratory (research or
undergraduate), whether they are working or not, and in any other area where deemed
necessary by a supervisor. (An exception is made for persons merely passing through
a lab area to go to or from an office area, unless otherwise indicated by a supervisor.)
(c) No bare legs are permitted in any laboratory (research or undergraduate) or any
shops area or in any area of stores.
(d) No open-toed footwear is permitted in any laboratory (research or undergraduate) or
any shops area or in any area of stores. This includes visitors and anyone not
performing work in the area.
(e) Long hair must be tied back on any person when present in any laboratory (research
or undergraduate), shops area and stores.
(f) Eating and storage of food items is not permitted in any laboratory (research or
undergraduate), the shops or any area of stores, or in any other area designated by a
supervisor.
(g) Safety rules put in place by the supervisor of an area must be observed by all
personnel.
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(h) “Horesplay”, practical jokes, unnecessary running, threats, assaults and fighting are
prohibited.
(i) All employees and students shall maintain clean and tidy work areas and keep aisles
and exits clear of all clutter.
(j) All employees and students shall maintain ready access to emergency equipment
such as eyewashes, safety showers, electrical panels, fire extinguishers, fire alarms
etc.
(k) In some areas steel-toed footwear may be required if deemed necessary by the
supervisor or the department. Where required these must be worn at all times, by all
personnel while in the area, whether work is being performed or not.
(l) Defective equipment and facilities must be repaired prior to use or measures must
be put in place to prevent use by others until repaired.
(m) Dangerous goods (as defined by the transport of dangerous goods regulations) may
not be shipped from, or received into the department except by trained and qualified
personnel. (The stores keeper has TDG certification.)
(n) All personnel must receive adequate safety training prior to commencing any work.
(o) Violence or threats are not permitted
(p) Doors may not be propped open other than for brief periods of time to facilitate
necessary entry/exit.
(q) No earphones may be used in lab or shops areas.
(r) Working alone outside of normal weekday hours in a lab or shops area is not
permitted without prior consultation with the supervisor to establish the required safety
procedures.
For supervisors
a) Supervisors must ensure that adequate training is provided for all potentially
hazardous activities conducted in their areas. This includes sending personnel to
university or departmentally required safety courses, written procedures and
demonstration of methods and procedures. Regulations also require that the worker
initially perform the tasks under supervision in order to demonstrate that he/she is
competent to perform them.
b) Supervisors are responsible to develop written safe work procedures for repetitive
tasks with an associated hazard. These must be posted in the area associated with the
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equipment or materials involved. Supervisors must ensure that all personnel
performing these tasks read and follow these instructions.
(c) Where deemed necessary supervisors are responsible to develop written safe work
protocols (guiding principles) for complex and varied tasks with a variety of
associated possible hazards. Supervisors must ensure that all personnel performing
these tasks read and follow the guidelines and instructions. (A generic statement
describing the nature of the hazards associated with the work in a particular research
lab, principles of how to control and minimize hazards and responses to emergencies
may suffice where deemed adequate.)
(d) The supervisor must perform monthly safety inspections of his/her area using the
appended form (see below) or a modified form if necessary. The supervisor may
designate someone in the lab to perform the inspection. The supervisor then must
ensure that the designated inspector is adequately trained for this duty. The supervisor
must ensure that safety violations are corrected promptly. The safety inspection form
is to be posted in the area.
(e) Supervisors shall ensure that all hazardous materials in their areas are appropriately
labeled. This includes the composition of the material (written in words, no chemical
formulae alone), concentrations and principal hazards.
(f) A copy of the departmental safety manual must be kept in every laboratory (research
and undergraduate).
(g) Emergency procedures and access to MSDS information must be posted in every
laboratory (research and undergraduate).
(h) Supervisors must maintain an up-to-date chemical inventory of all chemicals in each
laboratory or area. It must be updated once per year. The inventory must be posted in
the lab or area.
(i) Supervisors must review training requirements of their personnel at least annually.
(As per WorksafeBC regulations, training for new tasks and activities must be
provided prior their commencement.)
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Monthly laboratory inspection form
This form (following page) may be used to perform the WorksafeBC-mandated
monthly supervisory inspection. The supervisor or designated person may perform this
duty. Results are to be used to correct safety violations.
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Department of Materials Engineering, Forward Building
MONTHLY LABORATORY INSPECTION CHECKLIST
Area or room no. Date
Lab Manger or Supervisor:
Names(s) of inspectors:
1. Appropriate personal protective equipment available Yes No N/A
2. Aisles and doorways are unobstructed Yes No N/A
3. Area free form tripping hazards Yes No N/A
4. Area free form electrical hazards Yes No N/A
5. Showers and eyewashes are accessible Yes No N/A
6. Water hoses and gas cylinders are secured Yes No N/A
7. Fumehoods are neat and functioning Yes No N/A
8. Less than 25 L of flammable solvents outside
flammables cabinet Yes No N/A
9. Chemicals labeled properly Yes No N/A
10. Incompatible chemicals are separated Yes No N/A
11. Proper waste disposal procedures being followed Yes No N/A
12. Emergency procedures posted Yes No N/A
Comments
PLEASE ENSURE THAT CORRECTIONS ARE MADE BY:
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Appendix 3.3 Hazards (lab/area specific)
This is a list of the more common hazards that may be encountered in the
department.
(a) Common hazards in the Department of Materials Engineering
The common types of hazards that may be encountered in the department are:
Chemicals
High pressure or high force equipment
Pressurized gases
Cryogenic materials (mainly liquid nitrogen)
High temperatures
Electrical
Heavy objects/equipment
Radioactivity
Electromagnetic radiation
Biological (perhaps)
Loud noise
1. Many labs use various chemicals. Common chemical hazards include toxic effects
such as:
Death
Carcinogenicity
Mutgenicity
Teratogenicity
Corrosivity (chemical burns)
Flammability/Combustibility
Dangerously reactive materials (oxidizers, reductants, pyrophoric materials, explosive
materials)
Materials that may produce dangerous effects when combined with incompatible
chemicals, e.g. explosions, fire etc.)
Effects may be:
Acutely toxic (immediate)
Chronically toxic (cumulative or manifest over longer periods of time)
Chemical hazards associated with any WHMIS-controlled material are described in
MSDS documents. WHIMIS training is required for any person working with chemical
materials.
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2. Pressurized gases are very common in the department. Potential hazards associated
with their use include:
Chemical toxicity
Flammability
Explosion
Asphyxiation
High impact (in case of rupture)
3. The common cryogenic hazard in the department is liquid nitrogen. Potential hazards
include:
Severe frostbite-like burns
Asphyxiation
Safe work procedures for dispensing liquid nitrogen are posted by the facility.
4. Electrical hazards can arise from:
Frayed or cracked electrical wire insulation
Improperly grounded equipment
Malfunctioning equipment
Home-made wiring (This is not permitted)
5. Heavy objects and equipment can result in injuries to the back and limbs during
lifting and crushing injuries. Proper lifting technique (keep back straight) and use of
suitable hoisting equipment should be practiced. Steel-toed footwear is required when
moving heavy objects.
6. Radioactivity and electromagnetic radiation (e.g. X-ray equipment) can cause
cancer and have other toxic effects. Handling radioisotopes and radioactive materials
requires appropriate training and permits. A radiation safety course offered by HS&E is
mandatory.
7. Biological hazards are not common in the department, but could arise from future
work. Where research will involve biohazards, the biological hazards safety course
(HS&E) is required.
8. Suitable hearing protection must be worn when using equipment that could cause
hearing damage.
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(b) Hazard assessment
Before a hazard can be dealt with, it must be understood. The process of hazard
assessment is well documented. In some instances the formal process may be necessary
for complex projects with multiple potential hazards. The Safety Committee may
recommend this if they become aware of a particular situation where it is needed.
Guidelines are available from the MTRL website, safety page and from HS&E.
A much simplified hazard assessment tool is the Project planning sheet. This
helps the researcher become alert to potential hazards and environmental impacts
associated with a research project. It is department policy that a researcher complete one
of these for each new project. The form is appended below. A copy of the completed
form is to be returned to the supervisor prior to commencing the project. The supervisor
is required to review this and communicate suitable recommendations and requirements
to the researcher.
(c) Hazard control
There are three levels of minimization of hazards. These are:
Elimination. This is obviously the most preferable. It should be adopted whenever
feasible.
Engineering controls. This involves implementing a control measure, such as
adequate ventilation when toxic fumes or dusts are involved, and so on. This is the
next best response.
Personal protective equipment (PPE). This is both the least effective and the most
commonly practiced. Nevertheless, it is essential. This includes safety glasses, lab
coats and so on. For example, if an engineering control of a dust hazard is not
feasible, then dust masks may be employed.
All PPE approaches to hazards have limitations. Dust masks are not 100%
effective; eye protection has to be chosen to match the hazard (e.g. chemical or impact);
gloves must be suitable for the material being handled (the wrong glove material can
make matters worse!), etc.
Detailed information on hazard control may be obtained by consultation with the
suppliers (e.g. compressed gas suppliers are experts in minimizing hazards associate with
their products), the Safety Committee, and HS&E. The supervisor must be involved in
hazard training and minimization.
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Materials Engineering Safety and the Environment Planning Sheet
Title of Project:
Name of Student or Researcher:
Name of Supervisor:
Date of Preparation:
What Experiment is Being Planned?:
What Personal Protective Equipment is Required?:
What are the Potential Dangers (if any) from Performing the Experiment?:
What Equipment is Required?
________________________________________________________________________
Have you been Trained on Safe Use of Necessary Equipment? If so, by whom?
________________________________________________________________________
Do you have any Safety Concerns in Performing the Experiment?:
________________________________________________________________________
What Waste Products will be Created by Your Experiment?:
________________________________________________________________________
What are the Plans for Managing and Disposing of Waste Products?:
________________________________________________________________________
Signature (Student or Researcher):
Signature (Supervisor):
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Appendix 3.4 Hazards and rules associated with working alone
Working alone in a hazardous environment (laboratory or shop) may be
necessary, but there are associated WorkSafeBC requirements. These are outlined below:
Written and practiced procedure for maintaining contact with the isolated person,
including time interval. This is supposed to be done in consultation with the Safety
Committee.
A procedure for response if contact is not made.
Documentation of contact including names, places and times.
A final contact check when the person leaves work.
Training must be provided specifically for procedures related to working alone.
The supervisor may need to disallow the use of some equipment or procedures for
those working alone. This should be documented.
Issues related to personal security must be included in the training. UBC resources for
persons on campus outside of normal working hours need to be presented, such as
evening Safewalk services, shuttle buses to remote parking areas and blue light
phones. See Campus Security website at http//www.security.ubc.ca/ for details.
The simplest way to deal with working alone is requiring the presence of another
student or worker as well. Contact may be set up with other persons also working in the
department at the same time. This would need to be documented.
Appendix 3.5 Violence avoidance
The material provided by HS&E in Appendix 1 is sufficiently clear. This will also be
covered during a departmental orientation.
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Appendix 3.6 Personal protective equipment (PPE)
As noted previously, personal protective equipment is an essential part of
controlling hazards. Rules and policies regarding training and use of PPE in the
department have been outlined above. The supervisor must indicate what types of PPE
are required, when and where it is to be used and must provide training in its proper use.
Often there are many different types of a particular category of PPE, for instance eye
protection.
Eye protection
There are many different types of eye protection, as indicated below:
Prescription eyeglasses with shatter-proof lenses
Regular safety glasses with side shields
Splash goggles
Face shields for chemical protection
Face shields for impact protection, etc.
There are WorksafeBC regulations that specify suitable eye protection.
Protective clothing
The lab coat is most common. There are also chemically resistant aprons and
suits. Protective clothing for heat may also be required in some instances.
Gloves
There are a wide variety of gloves. It is imperative that the right type of glove be
chosen. A number of types are stocked in Stores. Guidelines and advice may be obtained
form HS&E.
Dust masks
Only N95 certified dusts masks may be used in the department. This ensures that
they have been tested to ensure that 95% of the specified types of particulates or aerosols
will be removed. Note that 100% removal is not achieved! Dust masks provide no
protection against hazardous vapours!
Respirators
These may be used to filter out toxic chemicals and dusts. They contain cartridges
with suitable adsorbents. The proper adsorbent must be chosen for each application. They
have limited capacities. Respirators are permitted only if they have been properly fit-
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tested to ensure an adequate seal around the mouth and nose (otherwise toxic gases will
be inhaled). Fit-testing may be arranged with HS&E.
Steel-toed shoes
Steel-toed shoes are required in some areas. Working with heavy objects may require
steel-toed shoes. For frequent use, steel-toed shoes are required. For infrequent use, slip-
on type steel-toed protection may suffice. The supervisor or the department will provide
steel-toed footwear.
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Appendix 3.7 First aid/medical treatment: reporting injuries/illness
First aid kits are kept in all laboratories and shops areas. The supervisor must
ensure that they are adequately stocked. The semi-annual safety inspections check for this
as well. A treatment record form must be kept with the kit and completed by anyone
who uses it. Failure to do so is a violation of WorksafeBC regulations. Compensation
claims stemming form an unrecorded accident may be denied.
There are first aid attendants in the building. These people may be accessed in
the event of an accident. UBC also provides a first aid service. This may be accessed by
phoning (604) 822-4444. If first aid personnel in the department are not available, then
this service should be tried first. In the event of a serious emergency requiring
paramedics, 911 should be called. If in doubt, 911 should be called.
All lost time accidents must be reported to WorksafeBC and HS&E within 24
hours. If a worker or student seeks medical treatment of any sort for injury or illness
stemming form an activity at UBC, then WorksafeBC must be notified within the 24 hour
period. This also applies if the person goes home feeling fine and later, after work
decides he/she needs medical help. Failure to report may result in a large fine to the
department. This is levied by WorksafeBC. Students and workers must be instructed
about this requirement. Medical attendants will report all such occurrences to
WorksafeBC, so it cannot be avoided.
All the following types of accidents must be reported by law:
Lost time accidents
Accidents resulting in damage to property
Chemical spills over 1 litre
Fires
Explosions
An accident investigation report form is available at the main office. The Safety
Committee and possibly the supervisor will be called upon to conduct the investigation.
The procedure is available in part on the form and more details from the Safety
Committee co-chairs and HS&E. The Safety Committee will review all accidents and
make suitable recommendations to the department Head as well.
Incidents are events that have the potential for serious consequences, but which
for one reason or another do not result in such consequences. An example is a failure in a
pressurized gas regulator that resulted in gas escaping, but not injuries or damage.
Incident reporting and investigation forms are available from the main office as well.
Instructions on completing it are on the form.
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Appendix 3.8. Emergency procedures
Describe to the employee/student the common types of emergencies that may be
anticipated and how to respond. The New Employee/Student Safety Orientation Checklist
must be provided to all new workers, visiting scholars and student workers in
laboratories. This must be completed in consultation with the supervisor or his/her
designated trainer. This will help familiarize new people with many of the common
emergency response procedures.
Escape routes form the area must be communicated to the new person. (Building
escape routes are covered in the Personal Safety Orientation Checklist.) Highlight the
requirement (regulations) to keep aisles, doorways, stairwells and escape routes
unobstructed.
Hazardous materials emergencies require additional training. The distinction
between a major and a minor spill must be communicated. This may be somewhat
subjective. The supervisor should convey an adequate sense of this to the new
student/employee. Spill reporting requirements are posted on the MTRL website, safety
page. Instructions must be provided for:
Summoning assistance for dealing with a major spill (call 911 for hazardous materials
response).
Use of the spill cart
When to get help from others in the department
Emergency procedures sheets are posted in every laboratory and shops area. The
semi-annual safety inspection checks on this. The new employee/student must be
familiarized with this sheet and its information.
The worker/student must be instructed in when to activate a fire alarm in order to
evacuate the building. This includes not just fires, but also hazardous materials
emergencies.
The new person must be thoroughly instructed that in the event of a fire alarm,
he or she MUST immediately:
Turn off sources of ignition
Close, but DO NOT LOCK, all doors
Exit immediately via stairs (NOT the elevators)
Meet in the designated meeting area
The designated meeting area is the at front (North) side of the building.
The supervisor must designate someone plus an alternate if applicable to ensure
that the room or area is evacuated in the event of a fire alarm sounding. These persons
should be regularly present during normal working hours.
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The Plant operations Trouble Calls (822-2173) line is to be called when
emergency assistance is needed for a facilities issue, such as malfunctioning fumehood,
plumbing or electrical problems, defective door locks, water flood problems and such
like.
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Appendix 3.9 Instructing workers in new tasks
Adequate training must be provided for someone taking on a new task that is
outside their current expertise. This may take the following forms:
The initial orientation (required)
HS&E safety courses (some are required, depending on the nature of the work)
Documented safe work procedures (repetitive procedures without complex or variable
hazards)
Documented safe work protocols (for work that may have a variety of possible
hazardous situations)
Personal training form the supervisor or a designated person
External training such as courses offered by a supplier or manufacturer
A key facet of this training is that it must be documented. When a WorkSafeBC
inspection is conducted this documentation may be requested. Failure to document the
training provided may be taken as a violation of regulations and can result in sanctions.
Documentation includes:
A description of the training required for various activities
Training subject matter
Records that the training was provided
The records of training provided can be a training record sheet that is dated and initialed
by the worker/student and the trainer. The supervisor or his/her designated trainer may do
this. The same form may be used and updated as required. All training documentation
and records done under the auspices of the supervisor must be kept by the supervisor and
must be readily accessible.
Records of training required at the departmental level such as the safety
orientation checklist, the HS&E laboratory safety course, the gas regulator seminar, the
WHMIS seminar and the project planning sheet seminar, etc. is maintained by
department.
Suitable in-house training depends on the complexity and hazards associated with
particular activities. This may include:
Verbal descriptions
Written instructions
Physical demonstrations
Departmental seminars
In a research laboratory it may be difficult to cover all the bases. However, efforts
must be made to ensure that adequate training is provided and documented. An example
of basic training documentation and records is provided below. Each supervisor will need
to set up their own system. A lot of issues can be covered off with such a session.
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Example Laboratory Orientation Checklist
Updated Apr. 29, 2005
Name of trainer
Trainer signature
Name of
student/employee Date:
The intent of this document is to verify that the worker/student has been made aware of these
matters. This orientation is an introduction only and not intended to constitute training.
Employee
initials
Provide Safety Orientation checklist
Provide General Hydromet Lab Guidelines
Provide sheet outlining training requirements
Provide copy of annotated safety inspection checklist
Show copy of WCB Laboratory Health and Safety Handbook"
Inform of need for:
Lab Chemical Safety course
Gas cylinders seminar
Project planning sheets seminar
Requirement to use project planning sheets
Tour around rooms 401a and 406/408:
Equipment
Persons responsible for the labs
Type of work being done
Use of fumnehoods
Introduce to other group members
Location of first aid kit
Obtaining first aid
Reporting accidents
The eyewash station
The safety shower
Labcoat and safety glasses
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No food in lab
Keep work areas tidy
Keep floors, aisles, window sills clear
Location of chemicals/materials, including
General chemicals
Acids/corrosives
Ammonia
Flammables
Minerals
Process additives
Process samples/materials
Solvent extractants
Ion exchange resins
Inventories:
Chemicals
Process samples/materials
Minerals
Location of equipment (shelves, benches)
Accessing
Stores
Machine shop help
Electronics shop help
Surface analysis
Transporting acids, solvents in large glass bottles (carriers)
Ordering items through stores
The assay request form and procedure
Sample labeling
Waste handling:
Organic solvent waste
Labeling
Storage
Disposal to sinks
Treatment prior to disposal to sinks
Commercial disposal
Sharps
Clean, broken glass
Clean, unbroken glass
Dirty, broken glass
Plastic sample bottles
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Good chemical/materials handling practice:
WHMIS
Consult MSDS
Acidic, basic chemicals
Corrosive, oxidizing, reactive, flammable, toxic, carcinogenic chemicals
Use the right gloves
Dust masks
When to use fumehoods
Small spills
Avoiding contamination
What to put in flammables cabinet (flashpoint <37.8°C)
Difference between flammable and combustible (>37.8°C flashpoint)
What to put in corrosives cabinet
Non-explosion proof fridge use
Training will be required for using pressurized gas cylinders
Handling large spills:
The spill cart
Getting help
Working alone.
Courtesy: Replenish supplies:
DI water
Paper towels
Wash acetone
Kimewipes
Disposable gloves
Dust masks
Other common supplies
Using the DI water
Operating equipment:
Where training will be required
Cautions
Maintaining
Inspecting
Warning signage for experiments
Locking up the lab
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It may be helpful to develop a list of materials, chemicals, equipment and
procedures for which students or employees must make specified training before they can
employ them in their work. This can be handed out to the employee as part of the
orientation. However, the supervisor is still responsible to ensure that adequate
supervision is provided to the employee/student so that they do not undertake hazardous
work without prior training.
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Appendix 3.10 Department health and safety program
Part of a new worker’s/student’s training is an introduction to the departmental
health and safety program. This will be covered in the departmental orientation for new
students/staff/faculty. A summary is also provided below.
In accordance UBC Policy 7 the department head enacts safety policy and
requirements at the departmental level. The department may have a safety program
administrator who assists the head and keeps records. The department has a local safety
committee, called the Safety and Environment Committee. This is an advisory body to
the head. The safety committee is made up of volunteer members chosen to represent the
major activities and areas in the department. It also has two co-chairs (one faculty and
one CUPE member) and a recording secretary. Students, staff and faculty are expected to
support the Safety Committee by participating as members when requested.
The safety program is the combined efforts of the departmental structure, the
supervisors and the workers/students that act to maintain a safe work environment. The
major elements of the program are outlined below:
Department safety manual - this manual covers general safety policy, information and
procedures. It is to be read by each new employee and student.
Departmental safety policy - equivalent to UBC policy 7.
Safety training requirements - these will be outlined in a departmental safety
orientation seminar, by the supervisor and on the departmental web site’s safety page.
Inspectional programs - inspections required in the department include:
Semi-annual laboratory inspections. Members of the safety committee perform these
inspections. Preferably they are done in the presence of the supervisor or designated
lab personnel. The inspections cover legal requirements. A copy of the form appears
in Appendix 4. Inspection results are passed on to the supervisor and must be posted
in the laboratory. Safety violations must be corrected. The results are also discussed
at the regular safety committee meetings where recommendations on particular issues
may be made to the head.
Monthly supervisor inspections. These have been described previously. They are
required once per month.
Individual inspections. Individual workers and students are responsible to inspect
their equipment and facilities. This may be done on a regular schedule with specified
items indicated, if warranted by the potential hazards, in which case documentation
should be maintained. Otherwise workers/students should regularly look over their
equipment and facilities regularly and look for possible deficiencies.
Undergraduate laboratory inspections. These are performed by Safety Committee
representatives at least once per term in Winter Session. A copy of the checklist is
provided in Appendix 4. These are done to ensure that undergraduate laboratories are
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being run safely. Results are communicated to the lab course supervisor and must be
posted in the labs. Safety violations must be corrected immediately.
Accident investigations - the requirement for these has been outlined previously. The
safety committee training course provides training in how to conduct an accident
investigation.
The role of the Safety Committee - The safety committee has been renamed the Safety
and Environment Committee to reflect its expanded role of advising on environmental
protection related to departmental activities. Its role with respect to safety is to support
the department head in his responsibility to provide a safe work environment. The
committee performs the following functions:
Holds regular (monthly) meetings to discuss ongoing and new safety concerns and
issues.
Holds additional meetings as required.
Makes recommendations to the department head on safety policy, rules and
procedures. (The safety committee is strictly an advisory body. It does not enact
policy.)
Performs semi-annual inspections of laboratories and shops areas.
May be called upon by the head to advise him/her on particular issues as they arise.
Is available to workers and students as a resource for safety.
Receives information from HS&E on safety issues and changes in legislation and
makes appropriate recommendations to the department head.
May coordinate or provide safety training
Minutes of the Safety Committee meetings are posted in the department and sent
to HS&E and a CUPE office. Any Safety Committee member may be approached by a
worker, student etc. about any safety concern. The Safety Committee then must discuss it
in a timely fashion and report to the department head. In the course of their regular work
and activities Safety Committee members will bring safety concerns and issues to the
Committee for discussion and recommendations. All workers and students must know
who the two Safety Committee co-chairs are and how to reach them.
Management systems for ensuring safety in the department - This is an evolving area.
The department is moving towards:
Providing written training requirements at the departmental level.
Providing written training requirements at the individual research group, shops areas
and other areas level.
Keeping records of training.
Ensuring that work may not proceed without adequate training.
Records are kept of training with regard to the laboratory chemical safety course
(given by HS&E), the gas regulator, WHMIS and project planning sheets seminars and
safe use of picric acid.
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Failure to take specified training at the departmental level can result in denial of
access to various departmental resources, such as stores, electronics shop, machine shop
and electron microscope and x-ray diffraction facilities.
37
