08 GPS Program Update

							     GPS Program Update
                 CGSIC



                              Sep 05
                   Lt Col Wayne Bell
Chief, GPS System Integration Branch
                           SMC/GPEI
                                       1
                         Overview
 Mission
 Program   status
 New civil signals
 Accuracy improvement
 Summary




                                    2
        GPS Joint Program Office (JPO) Mission

   Mission: “Acquire and sustain survivable, effective, and
    affordable global positioning services for our customers.”

   “The shift in GPS from an essentially military application to
    a dual-use system can be traced back to 1983, when
    Soviet fighter jets shot down a civilian passenger plane
    that had strayed into Soviet airspace. In response,
    President Reagan declared that GPS should be available
    for worldwide civilian use to prevent such catastrophes in
    the future.”
    Crosslink, Summer 2002, Steven Lazar, Aerospace Corp

          Strong commitment to deliver robust, modernized
                  GPS capabilities to civil community
                                                                    3
                         Overview
 Mission
 Program   status
 New civil signals
 Accuracy improvement
 Summary




                                    4
                               GPS Modernization Path




             Increasing System Capabilities w Increasing Defense / Civil Benefit

 Block IIA/IIR Block IIR-M, IIF                                         Block III
                               IIR-M: IIA/IIR capabilities plus   Block IIIA:
Basic GPS                      • 2nd civil signal (L2C)           • Increased anti-jam power
• Std Service (16-24m SEP)     • M-Code (L1M & L2M)               • Increased security
  – Single frequency (L1)         • Eliminates SA for denial      • Increased accuracy
  – Coarse acquisition (C/A)   • Anti-jam flex power              • Navigation surety
    code navigation                                               • Backward compatibility
• Precise Service (16m SEP)    IIF: IIR-M capability plus         • Assured availability
  – Y-Code (L1Y & L2Y)         • 3rd civil signal (L5)            • Controlled integrity
                               • Anti-jam flex power              • System survivability
  – Y-Code navigation
                                                                  • 4th civil signal (L1C)
                                                                                               5
                           Civil Applications
 Enabling technology
    Unlimited growth potential
    $68 billion industry worldwide by year 2010
 Wide use in transportation safety
    Aviation, maritime, railroad, highway, etc.
    Potential to reduce land-based navigation systems
    Centerpiece of future transportation infrastructure
 Ever increasing range of civil uses
    Telecommunications, surveying, law enforcement,
       emergency response, agriculture, mining, etc.
      Used in conjunction with remote sensing
      Supporting civil applications never envisioned

                                                           6
                         Overview
 Mission
 Program   Status
 New civil signals
 Accuracy improvement
 Summary




                                    7
                                  GPS Civil Signals
                             L5         L2         L1
                                                    C/A
   1st Civil
Block II/IIA/IIR
                                         L2C        C/A

    2nd Civil
  Block IIR-M
                        I5               L2C        C/A


  3rd Civil
                   Q5
  Block IIF                             L2C        C/A
                                                    L1C (TBR)
                        I5

  4th Civil        Q5
   Block III
                    1176 MHz         1227 MHz   1575 MHz
                                                                8
                        L2C Second Civil Signal

   Benefits of L2C                                           L2C
       Improves PNT for current scientific/commercial
        dual frequency users via ionospheric effect cancellation
       Extends safety-of-life, single-frequency E-911 applications
       Provides better protection than C/A against code cross        1227.6 MHz
        correlation and continuous wave (CW) interference
       Improved data structure for enhanced data demodulation
       Provides backup link in case of local interference
   Defined in ICD-GPS-200D
   First available with IIR-M launch 21 Sep 05
       Configuration of signal determined via ongoing interagency process
       Use L2C at user’s risk--configuration can change (NANU process)


                                                                                   9
                         L5 Third Civil Signal

   Improves signal structure for enhanced     L5

     performance
     Higher power
     Wider bandwidth = 10x                          1176.45 MHz
      processing gain
     Longer spreading codes (10x C/A)
   Aeronautical Radionavigation Services band
     WRC-2000 added space signal component to this
      aeronautical band
     So aviation community can manage interference to L5 more
      effectively than L2
 Defined in IS-GPS-705
 First available with first GPS IIF launch (2007)
                                                                   10
              New L1C Signal Improvements

 Implementation will provide C/A code          L1C

   to ensure backward compatibility
 Assured of 1.5 dB increase in minimum
   C/A code power to mitigate any noise
                                                    1575.42 MHz
   floor increase
 Data-less signal component pilot carrier improves tracking
 Enables greater civil interoperability with Galileo L1
 First available with first GPS III launch in 2013




                                                                  11
                               GPS III Status

   New program acquisition structure
     Space segment (Block III) one contract
     Ground control segment (OCX) another contract
     System Integration done by govt program office
 Per   Acquisition Strategy currently in work
     RFPs out in Dec 05 (Block III) – Feb 06 (OCX)
     Contracts awarded Jun 06
     OCX first release FY11
     First Block IIIA launch FY13



                                                       12
                         GPS III Civil Benefits
 Significant increase in system accuracy
 Improved level of integrity
 Improved availability of accuracy with integrity
 Backward compatibility with existing receivers
 Operational capability for L2C and L5
    In combination with GPS IIR-M and IIF satellites
 Flexibility to respond to evolving requirements with
 limited programmatic impacts
 Opportunity to converge with Galileo Open Service

                                                         13
                         Overview
 Mission
 Program   Status
 New civil signals
 Accuracy improvement
 Summary




                                    14
                                                  What L-AII Is

   Legacy Accuracy Improvement Initiative (L-AII)
     Effort by the GPS program to accelerate improved
      accuracy and SV monitoring to GPS users
     More than 14 months before full capability



                         FY05                    FY06                FY07
                                4      1     2          3   4   1           2   3
Full Accuracy
Improvement Initiative                                              Nov 06
(AEP 5.2)

Legacy Accuracy
Improvement Initiative              Sep 05




                                                                                    15
                             How L-AII Works
 Keyto L-AII is incorporation of 6 additional
 ground stations that track GPS satellites
   Additional tracking stations improve the GPS
    satellite position accuracy
   Additional stations monitor satellite errors,
    making the GPS signals more trustworthy
   An additional five stations will be added




           Before L-AII:              After L-AII:
        6 Monitor Stations        12 Monitor Stations
                                                        16
                         What L-AII Provides
   Specialized defense systems will see 35% improvement
   All users will see a small accuracy improvement
   More importantly, all users will enjoy improved SV
    monitoring
   Additional tracking data eliminates monitoring gaps
      Every satellite will be ―watched‖ by at least two
       tracking stations at all times—two stations needed
      Without L-AII some satellites are out of view of any
       tracking station for over two hours at a time
   Air Force controllers will see satellite problems sooner
   User exposure to erroneous satellite signals is reduced

                                                               17
                                SV Monitoring Before L-AII




  GPS users on approximately half of the Earth’s surface (shown in
 white) see at least one unmonitored GPS satellites 100 % of the time
A GPS satellite is considered to be “monitored” if it is seen by at least two GPS tracking stations; the minimum of two stations ensures that an alarm
 is caused by a problem on the satellite and not at a tracking station. Monitoring enables GPS operators to identify errors in satellite transmissions;
                     further upgrades to GPS are needed to ensure that corrective action can executed with sufficient timeliness.
                                                                                                                                                          18
                                       SV Monitoring After L-AII




            No GPS users anywhere on the Earth’s surface ever see an
                          unmonitored GPS satellite
A GPS satellite is considered to be “monitored” if it is seen by at least two GPS tracking stations; the minimum of two stations ensures that an alarm
 is caused by a problem on the satellite and not at a tracking station. Monitoring enables GPS operators to identify errors in satellite transmissions;
                     further upgrades to GPS are needed to ensure that corrective action can executed with sufficient timeliness.
                                                                                                                                                          19
                      L-AII Activation Status

    June 2005
      Computer and network upgrades
    August 19, 2005
      First “core” additional monitoring station
    September 2005
      Complete install of 6 core additional monitoring stations
   December 2005
      Complete install of all 11 additional monitoring stations




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                                                     Summary
   Sustaining constellation performance
       Launching ~ 1 in FY05, 3/yr avg thereafter
       Fielding GPS enhancements such as L-AII
   Modernizing by adding new signals and capabilities
    beginning with first IIR-M launch in 2005,first IIF launch in
    2007, and first III launch in 2013
       New civil and military GPS signals
       Continuing work with Galileo community
   Planning to execute for the next generation
       Further enhancements continuing through GPS III
       GPS III – Block III and OCX contracts planned for Jun 06


        Department of Defense is committed to responsible
              stewardship of GPS as a global utility
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