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GOOD HEALTH
A J'ournal of Hygiene.
VOL. XXX1I1. DECEMBER, 1898. NO.
COLD AIR AS A TONIC.
J. H. KELLOGG, M. D.
ADVERTISEMENTS of "the best tonic" the trees begin to prepare for winter.
often appear in the newspapers, but the The bark becomes thicker; the sap
best tonic in the world, in my opinion, is does not circulate so rapidly ; the tree
cold, frosty air,— zero air, if you please. puts on a winter coat. It is preparing to
There is nothing like it. protect itself from the winter winds and
A great many people make the mistake cold. The same thing is true of horses,
at this time of year, of running away from cows, sheep, dogs, and other animals that
Jack Frost. There is a regular exodus live in northern regions. In the autumn
from our northern cities, particularly New their hair or wool grows more rapidly,
England cities, every winter. Multitudes and becomes longer and thicker. But
annually migrate to the South. There take a sheep from the northern climate to-
seems to be a sort of fear of cold air, of India or Africa, and the wool of that
frosts, of zero temperature. I suppose it sheep will become simply hair. Take a
is born of the fact that we are growing sheep from the torrid zone to the North,
weaker, that the race is deteriorating, that and in a few generations the descendants
we have less vital resistance. We are be- of that sheep will get thick wool in the
coming more and more accustomed to place of silken hair.
luxurious habits, to enervating customs. It is exactly so with human beings.
This rushing away from winter weather When the cold weather comes on in the
is, however, the greatest possible mistake. autumn, nature gives us a winter constitu-
The cold winter is the very thing that gives tion. If the skin does not become thicker,
the people who live in the North the ad- it does become more active and vigorous.
vantage over those who live in the South. A thousand years ago our ancestors,
It is the inhabitants of the temperate roamed about the forests of ancient Brit- '
zones, the people who live in the colder ain clad only in paint, although exposed,
countries, like England, the United States, to a cold and inclement climate ; to-
and Canada, who rule the world ; and the day the descendants of this hardy race
reason why they rule the world is because who live in the British Isles lead the whole
they have more stamina, more energy, world in physical stamina. One reason
more vigor, more vitality. It is not be- for this lies in the fact that they have
cause they eat so much beefsteak, but be- always had the benefit derived from bat-
cause they have the advantage of a good tling with the cold. Thousands of per-
strong tonic, at least once a year. sons die of too much coddling where one
In the autumn, when the frosts come, dies of exposure. Exposure would not be
754 COLD AIR AS A TONIC.
exposure were it not for the coddling to zero, we shall have two hundred and
beforehand, which breaks down the bodily fifty cubic feet of oxygen, being twenty-
vigor. five per cent, more oxygen than at 100°.
Cold weather supplies a natural exhila- Consequently, when we take in a breath
ration far superior to the stimulation of twenty-five cubic inches, as we ordina-
caused by any possible artificial agent. rily breathe, we breathe one fourth more
It arouses every energy of the body. oxygen at zero than when the air is at
The vital fires burn brighter, just as do 100°, and if we breathe the air at 50°,
the fires on the hearth. The little folks, we get one eighth more oxygen than at
as they sit about the hearth and look into 100°.
the fire, exclaim, "Winter has come, for The oxygen is the fire-supporting ele-
the fire burns brighter." The fire does ment of the air. If there were no oxy-
burn brighter, because there is more oxy- gen in the air, the fire could not burn ;
gen brought in contact with the burning and if there were no oxygen in the air,
wood. The air is richer in oxygen, and we should die : we could not breathe at
denser. all. The intensity and the activity of our
Notice the difference between zero air life depend upon the amount of oxygen
and air at, say, a hundred degrees above in our bodies, and the amount we can get
zero. One fifth, or twenty per cent., of in. Our bodies store up oxygen. The
the air is oxygen. It is not quite one amount of oxygen stored up in our cells
fifth, but we will call it that. Now sup- and tissues is gradually consumed from
pose that in one thousand cubic feet of day to day in the work done through the
air, one-fifth oxygen, there are two hun- working hours, but during the night it is
dred cubic feet of oxygen. That is true stored up again. In the summer it is
at 100°. We will lower the temperature hard for us to get oxygen enough stored
of that air. Air increases in volume as up during the night to make up for what
it rises in temperature, and for every de- we lose during the day. But in the win-
gree that it rises in temperature it in- ter the cold air is denser, and we can store
creases one four hundred and ninetieth of up more oxygen ; as we get a larger sup-
its volume, that is, about one five hun- ply of oxygen, the tide of life rises, we
dredth. Then in one hundred degrees it are more active, our nerves are keener
will increase one hundred five hundredths and more thoroughly alive, our wits are
in volume (or decrease, as the case may sharper, and our muscles are more vigor-
be), which will be one fifth. Hence by ous. We all know how it feels to go out
lowering the temperature of this air to walking on a keen, snappy morning ; we
zero, the amount of oxygen which it con- feel as if we wanted to run; there is
tains will, be one fifth greater. But we something exhilarating in the air. One
have a decrease in volume, and the thou- comes back with his eyes sparkling and
sand cubic feet of air will now be eight his cheeks rosy; he looks more thor-
hundred cubic feet, so there will be two oughly alive than before he went out.
hundred cubic feet of oxygen in this eight If we have the privilege of living in
hundred cubic feet of air ; but there will such an atmosphere for the three winter
be also one fourth as much more, because months, it raises us to a higher level than
there will be two hundred cubic feet of the one to which we have descended dur-
air more, so we shall have fifty cubic feet ing the three months of summer. Conse-
of oxygen more ; or, in other words, when quently, in the spring, if we have lived
we reduce this thousand cubic feet of air rightly during the winter instead of shut-
NATURE'S TONIC.
COLD AIR AS A TONIC. 755
ting ourselves up in unventilated rooms, you be so kind as to give me a drink out
and gormandizing with flesh foods, tur- of your canteen ? " He had swallowed
key dinners, and that sort of thing, we his large allowance, and wanted more. If
ought to be stronger and more vigorous he had not thought he was limited, he
for the tonic of the winter air. Unfor- would not have drunk half so much. If
tunately, however, a great many people we could put a price on air, and make it
come out in the spring in a very miser- worth its weight in gold,— and it is worth
able state of mind and body ; then they its weight in gold, and a great deal more,
go to the doctor, and ask him to give — and if the people only believed that,
them something for spring biliousness. they would breathe a great deal more of
Spring biliousness is simply the natural it. It is so cheap that we disregard it,
consequence of winter gormandizing and and do not put a proper estimate on its
winter idleness and hibernating. A great worth. Here is this oxygen, the life-giv-
many people shut themselves up in the ing element of the air, the thing that stirs
winter just as the bear does. The bear up the vital fires, and supports the vital
goes into a hollow tree, and the man goes processes of the body : and there are peo-
into a hollow house. The bear protects ple this very winter actually barricading
himself as thoroughly as he can from the themselves against it, while it is sighing
cold. Many animals that burrow in the and roaring and even moaning for a
ground shut themselves up in little holes chance to get in and do them good.
for the winter, far away from the air, and We people who live in the North get
sometimes the opening is all stopped up the benefit of the winter constitution that
with rubbish and snow. They live there nature puts on ; it lifts us up out of the
all winter, getting just enough air barely low condition into which we fall during
to keep them alive. A great many peo- the hot season of the year, when we are
ple make the mistake of doing the same exposed to germs, when we are breathing
thing. I have known people to go so far millions of them at every breath, taking
as actually to plug up the keyholes of the them into our lungs and bodies, and ex-
doors and to stop every little knot-hole so posing ourselves to them constantly in air
as to make sure that there could not get and water. Think what a blessing it is to
in a bit of air. be able to breathe absolutely pure air
But if we had to pay a price for air,— three or four months in the year ! Look
so much a barrel, or so much a hogshead, at the landscape out of doors, and see how
or so much a cubic mile,— we should pure it is. The whole ground is covered
appreciate it more, and care a great deal with snow that is so pure that it is put be-
more to get it, and breathe a great deal fore us as the poetic emblem of absolute
more of it. purity—"as white as the snow." And
An old sea-captain said that at one this snow covers up all the germs; the
time the water supply got short, and he ground is frozen ; all the decaying things
had to put everybody on allowance. The are frozen ; all the germ-producing proc-
allowance was two quarts a day. Every- esses are paralyzed ; all the filth and dust
body smiled at the idea of having two that go to contaminate the summer air are
quarts of water to drink a day, and one covered up by the snow — buried under
man said he could not drink half that. the pure snow ; so the miles and miles
Hut the captain said that before noon the of air that come sometimes in little tastes
very man who had smiled at such a liberal of wind and blizzard and cyclone are ab-
allowance, said, "Captain Bates, would solutely pure.
756 COLD AIR AS A TONIC.
The people who live in a southern cli- cles, nerves, in every fiber, every gland,
mate are obliged to take germs all the every nook and corner of the vital domain,
year round, for a steady diet. Every spring to their tasks ! Life has twice the
little gust of wind, every little breeze, efficiency under the healthfully stimulating
stirs up germs irr the dust, and the air is influence of the pure, cold atmosphere of
swarming with them. But here we have the northern winter, than is possible in
a wonderful blessing in the clear, crisp, the damp, heavy atmosphere of the mala-
cold, pure, hyperoxygenated, exhilarating rious South. But to secure the benefit of
air of winter. Such air has no germs in nature's best tonic, it is necessary to go
it. Breathed with proper precautions, it out of doors and breathe this cold air,
has life, vigor, and vital renovation in it. and to let some of it come into the house
How the heart beats under the stimulus of to work out its purifying and beneficent
this life-giving oxygen ! How the pulse influences. Make a friend of the cold,
bounds ! How the thoughts fly ! How and the cold will be a friend to you,
imagination runs ! How the busy work- bringing you new strength and vitality,
ers in liver, stomach, lungs, brain, mus- courage and happiness.
THE INFLUENCE OF DIET, EXERCISE, AND BATHS
UPON MENTAL DEVELOPMENT.
JAY W. SEAVER, M. D.
ALL growth seems to be dependent upon been predetermined by the quality of an-
•certain well-defined factors, that are gen- cestors transmitted to the child, but how
erally summed up in the word "environ- to make voluntarily variable influences
ment," and certain other influences, less conduce to the finest product is the prob-
clearly understood, that we call heredity. lem to be solved.
The latter may be considered as a force The organ of the mind is the brain, and
•over which the individual has little con- the nerves are its prolongations. Like ev-
trol, and yet that reacts upon him with ery other organ of the body, its develop-
sufficient power to transmit racial types ment will depend on its nutrition and its
of both mind and body through indefi- use or excitation. Without appropriate
nite periods. The former constitute the nutrition, growth must be imperfect.
•changeable forces that may be modified Either all parts of the organ will be im-
to a greater or less extent, and that are peded in their progress toward full nor-
primarily connected with the functions mal size, or the quality of the structure
of nutrition, elimination, and intellection. will be impaired, or some portion of it
At this period of the year a considera- will be arrested in its growth, and revert
tion of mental growth is specially appro- to a less highly organized form of tissue.
priate, since school life is occupying so All these forms of degeneration may be
large a part of the activity of every com- seen in external organs in cases of severe
munity, and the question of how to make wasting diseases, like typhoid fever. •
the school most efficient is the foremost Use, or functional activity, bears quite
one in the minds of all parents. The one as close a relation to growth as does nu-
element of mental poise and activity has trition ; and the nerve cell, quite as truly
INFLUENCES AFFECTING MENTAL DEVELOPMENT. 757
as the muscle cell, must have its proto- sensory organ? become accurate in their
plasm renewed by the consumption of the work, and each new thing must be tested
material in activity and the renewal of it by every sense ~>rgan. These sense im-
from the nutrient current. Anatomists pressions are the data for future mental
have noted that in the cases of subjects review, which constitutes thought. The
that had lost a limb, certain brain areas skin is the organ of that important tactile
that had been thrown out of use had un- sense that at this period tells us most
dergone atrophy, or degeneration, until about things, and seems to have the most
they no longer contained characteristic direct communication with the brain • and
nerve cells ; and it is a common expe- hence its care should be such as to make
rience to find the nerves unable to control its impressions the most complete and
a part properly when their function has natural. Its activity should be promoted
been suspended for even a short time, as in every way, and the bath should be
for two or three weeks. used as a stimulant of the nerve activity
For convenience in study, the growth as well as for its esthetic value. During
of the organ of the mind may be divided this period there is a marked acceleration
into three periods of seven or eight years in the rate of growth of bony tissue, and
«ach, according to the sex of the indi- at the eleventh year the girl outstrips the
vidual, the female developing in all re- boy of the same age in height and weight,
spects somewhat faster than the male. and maintains this superiority for three
At birth the brain constitutes about one years, when the boy passes her and re-
seventh of the total weight, and at the mains taller and heavier during the re-
eighth year it has reached within a few mainder of life. The nutrient demand of
ounces of its complete size, while the other this second period is large ; the appetite
tissues are only one third grown, the brain of the growing boy is proverbial. It re-
at maturity being only about one forty- duces everything edible and many things
second of the total weight. This period, that are not edible, from the green apple
then, is one when the nervous system is to mince pie. The importance of diet is
being prepared to control or direct the apparent when we consider the demands
body, and its function is largely concerned made upon nutrition.
in trophic processes and in getting con- During the third period the body be-
trol of the motor and sensory organs. comes mature, "rounds out,"and reaches
The child may be said to be getting ac- its limit of healthful size and activity.
quainted with itself. It is learning how The brain increases very little in size, but
to use its own organs. The soft tissues its activity becomes more marked, and
have not increased in proportion to bone covers a wider range than in either of the
growth during this period, and there is former stages of its growth. The sensory
little muscular strength. The systemic organs are all complete, and pour con-
demand has been for soft foods, with stant stimuli into the brain, which is
plenty of phosphorized materials in them. highly' receptive, and thus gathers the
At the beginning of the second period information that it may later use in ab-
the physical activity demands more nutri- stract and general ways. Obviously, the
ment for the organs of locomotion, for nutrient demand is less than in the pre-
they must increase faster as the child at- ceding stage of growth, for food is now
tempts acquaintance with the outside used largely for fuel; then it was used both
world. The mind becomes inquisitive, as fuel and for construction of tissue, thus
and the body must be its servant. The requiring largely nitrogenized material.
758 INFLUENCES AFFECTING MENTAL DEVELOPMENT.
We have not considered the value of activity of brain cells that are unused
exercise in connection with the periods in normal ways and that consequently ex-
of growth, for it seems at first only hibit their energy in abnormal form. This
remotely related to mental growth, while might not be a serious phase of the sub-
in fact it is second only to nutrition in ject if a method of action of any organ
the initiation and execution of mental did not tend to become habitual, and then
processes. A very large part of the whole a diseased condition becomes fixed or
brain area is given up to the control of chronic. The daily use of some form
muscles and the reception of the sensory of exercise that shall train the brain cells
impressions that call them into action to work harmoniously toward some specific
either directly or reflexly. As all the end must not only give good control of
brain cells are connected more or less the body and health of its organs, but
closely, it seems fair to say that whatever must be fundamental in giving mental
assists or injures one part must to some control and health.
extent help or harm the whole. Mus- Every teacher, therefore, should under-
cular exercise may, then, be a valuable stand gymnastics, and apply some form
method of rousing into activity the largest of them in the daily program of the pupil's
number of brain cells, and, through the life, if he expects to train the brain of the
improved circulation of the blood, must youth into the symmetrical and fine work-
powerfully promote the nutrition of the ing organ of the mind. New forms of
brain as well as secure such a change of muscle working are brain exercises, and
the cell contents as is demanded by the may be looked upon as a vital help in
law of its life. Many of the so-called connecting thinking and doing, and thus
nervous diseases are perversions of the making life efficient.
REFLECTIONS UPON HYGIENE IN A GREAT CITY.
MARY HENRY ROSSITER.
Reflection Number One.—Here the "Ginger Ale," "Tea and Coffee." Am
stomach is a great and terrible god. It I thirsty?—Yes. But I long for a drink
eclipses poetry, philosophy, the arts, mu- of water, not for something that will make
sic, money, love,— everything. If I am me yet more thirsty.
walking down Broadway, thinking of those If I go to a concert, my meditations
"innumerable footsteps" coming, pass- upon the wonderful influence of harmoni-
ing, receding, crossing, suddenly my eyes ous sounds are interrupted by the offer of
are startled by the sign, "Oyster Stew," alleghrettis or French bonbons by my
"Oysters on the Half Shell," "Clam charming neighbors.
Broth," "Bouillon." Am I hungry?— So it is everywhere. If one had never
No. It is only half an hour since I before been conscious that he had a
breakfasted. receptacle within for food, he could not
If I stop for a moment to look at some forget it now. On every side he is re-
famous painting, and try to carry the pict- minded of his stomach and its needs. It
ure away in my mind, the pleasant image would seem that this god, the stomach,
is thrust aside by another sign, "Horton's must be propitiated by constant offerings.
Ice-Cream," "Ice-Cold Lemonade," If the ubiquitous saloon is no attraction,
UPON HYGIENE. 759
the restaurants, cafes, dairy lunch-rooms, grimly determined one may be, it is al-
fruit-stands, bakeries, hotels, with their most impossible to live hygienically in a
flaring or insidious invitations, present a great city, if one be a stranger or a brief
variety of temptation that must find one's sojourner. The metropolis has no no-
vulnerable spot. Appetite is their subtle tion whatever of hygiene. Suppose you
accomplice, and sits grinning within, must go to a restaurant or hotel for break-
confident that you must yield at last. fast. Since you could not get a drink
For there is something very imperative upon rising, you would like one now.
about these gastronomic placards. They But you do not approve of ice-water, and
seem to say not only, " Raspberry Ice," there is no cold filtered water to be had.
"Moxie," "Quick Lunch Served at any You will take fruit instead. But the
Hour of the Day," but also, "You must waiter's idea of an order for fruit and
eat, you know," "Surely you can't pass your own differ painfully. You eat one
me." Many a neglected "Ice-Cream peach and a bunch of grapes, and think
Soda " sign still hangs, sad and reproach- longingly of your generous fruit break-
ful, upon the walls of memory, and will fasts at home. Oatmeal combines well
not be driven away. These signs are not with fruit, so you take some. But you
accustomed to being driven away: the wait in vain for crackers or rolls to eat
people of the great city too often bow with it. You can not make the waiter
down to the god, and worship it. The understand that it is either proper or
conditions of city life are such that they pleasant to eat bread and butter with oat-
can scarcely avoid this tacit and usually meal. You cling to your habit of eating
unconscious homage. They are obliged something hard with all soft foods, so as
to hurry. They have no time to eat to promote mastication and the flow of
slowly, and thoroughly to masticate their saliva; hence you insist upon the rolls.
food at home. Hence they start away When you finally get them, the oatmeal
unnourished and unsatisfied. Down town is cold, and the waiter is in such a hurry
they have no time, opportunity, or inclina- to remove it that you give up that part of
tion to eat or drink what the body requires. your breakfast in despair. But if you
So they remain unsatisfied and unnour- happen to be a vegetarian,, your troubles
ished. When hunger or thirst becomes now begin in earnest. Since you have
intolerable, they eat or drink the most eaten fruit, you do not care for vegetables.
easily obtainable food or beverage that You can not get them without meat,
promises to satisfy the immediate de- anyway, unless you wish to empty your
mand, thinking simply of the present pocket-book for one breakfast. You hesi-
effect, and not at all of the future conse- tate to order eggs, remembering all you
quences. " Anything to quiet that demon have heard about invalid eggs. But finally
inside," is the thought of far too many. you compromise on an omelet, with the
But the demon inside is not quieted that subconscious thought that the invalidism
way, and it is no wonder that the in- will not be so easy to distinguish. But,
habitants of our great cities are so fast alas, you can not conquer your notions,
falling victims to dyspepsia, nervous pros- and when the omelet comes, fried, and
tration, and a thousand other ills that peppered, and seasoned with cheese or
arise from conscious or unconscious sub- ham, you leave the restaurant either hun-
jection to an ignorant and untrained gry or burning with thirst, according as
digestive system. you have or have not eaten the omelet.
Reflection Number Two. — However An immense pity fills your heart for peo-
760 REFLECTIONS UPON HYGIENE.
pie who accept these conditions, and who soup arrives. One taste reveals the fact
suffer under them because they have never that from the hygienic point of view, roast
heard of a simpler and better way. Even beef would be meritorious compared with
a day or two of city life brings to your own this ; for the soup is so hot with condi-
senses a touch of the all-pervading and ments, even the names of which you have
irresistible dissatisfaction. All day long, forgotten, that in mercy to your mucous,
after this morning's uncomfortable expe- membrane you lay down the spoon, pay
rience, you are faint, or irritable, or your bill, and depart, once again a sadder,,
thirsty, or all three combined. You do hungrier, and wiser man.
not like to drink ice-water; you would However, it is not hygienic to starve.
rather eat but two meals a day. You By this time it is three o'clock. In sheer
know, however, that three o'clock is the desperation you enter a dairy lunch-room,
worst possible time to get a dinner in the and shutting your mind to all the stories-
city. You can not get a good vegetarian you ever heard of tuberculosis in milk or
dinner at any hour or anywhere in the germs in raised bread, you order a bowl
great American city. of bread and milk, and fiercely determine
You wonder why some enterprising never again to darken the doors of a bar-
young man does not go to London, and barous city hotel or restaurant. You
study the famous vegetarian restaurants think you will start a health mission,
there, and then establish one in New among the cooks and chefs of New York,
York or Chicago. Meanwhile you are and resolve to devote your life to improv-
hungry. You can think of nothing else ing the outlook in the great city for
until you have satisfied this awful craving. future wayfaring would-be plain and hy-
What can you eat ? Eggs again? Impos- gienic eaters.
sible ! Suppose you try this elegant cafe. Reflection Number Three.— One would1
"Roast beef, roast lamb, roast pork, be much happier, if obliged to live in the
veal stew, stewed kidneys, sweet breads, great city, not to know so much about
mutton chop, pork and beans, Boston germs. Although you have taken the
baked beans,"—''there, I'll take that, greatest care in selecting a room that
and some baked potatoes, and mashed seems clean and wholesome, you can not
sweet potatoes, and green peas ; no tea or help an uneasy feeling about its previous
coffee, or wine, or salad, or cheese, or " occupants. How do you know that some
— but the waiter has fainted, and while poor body has not died of consumption
you are escaping as unobtrusively as pos- within those walls ? and what assurance
sible, you mentally resolve that hereafter have you that every article in the room
you will take an apple and a biscuit in was thoroughly disinfected afterward ?
your pocket, and spare the feelings of the Indeed, you have your own mental assur-
old and experienced. ance to the contrary, for what do the
Still you are hungry. "Stupid, why thousands of city landladies know or care
didn't you think of soup? There was about bacilli and your health ? You,
celery soup on the menu, and that surely however, take pains not to stir up a dust.
would be eatable." You seek out another You are very gingerly about touching the
cafe like unto the last. Here you order floor with your bare feet, or coming into
at once "cream tomato soup," and the close contact with any of the upholstery.
vision rises before you of the delicately When you leave your room, and enter
flavored dish by that name that your sis- a street-car, the terrible idea of germs
ter makes at home. ,The cream tomato still follows you. You are crowded in
REFLECTIONS UPON HYGIENE. 761
among all sorts of people. You think, a Another offense to the student of hy-
little sternly, that people of your disposi- giene in the great city is the open fruit-
tion really ought to live alone on an stand. To say nothing of the mystery
island. that surrounds the place and the methods
FeeMng as you do, that you hardly dare by which the fruit is ripened, it is a
breathe even through your nose, you won- passing marvel that people will buy it
der greatly that so many of the great after it has been exposed all day to the
throngs of people you pass, go along with clouds of dust that sweep up the street,
their mouths wide open. You are almost to the handling and proximity of every-
moved to cry aloud, " Keep your mouths body and his wife, and the worse than
shut ! Don't you know you are breathing doubtful means to which many fruit
in and swallowing millions and millions of vendors resort to make their stands
.germs every minute ? " attractive.
Almost every one compresses his lips On the whole, after spending a week in
and holds his nostrils while passing a gas New York or Chicago, after the whole-
house or an oil refinery, but the invisible someness of a country town, one is moved
and odorless poisons, the microscopic to change a famous line by Browning, and
organisms that lurk in dust and miasms, to exclaim,—
are far more deadly than those malodor- O, a day in the city square,
ous gases and vapors that publish their There is no such danger in life !
presence by smoke or smell.
MATADOR OR ABATTOIR: WHICH IS THE MORE CON-
SISTENT WITH ENLIGHTENED CIVILIZATION?
J. H. KELLOGG, M. D.
WE find occasionally in the newspapers nation that would tolerate bull-fighting
and in guide-books and works of travel, "ought to be wiped off the face of the
blood-curdling accounts of the bull-fight- earth."
ing exhibitions which are constantly to be • Do not imagine, gentle reader, that we
•seen in Mexico and other Spanish coun- are going to offer any apology for bull-
tries. There are brilliant descriptions of fighting. This so-called sport is certainly
the agile capering of the capeadores, of the devil's business ; if sport at all, it is
the venturesome audacity of the banderil- hellish sport. It offers a spectacle well
leros, of the skilful horsemanship of the calculated to manufacture demons, cut-
picadores, and of the dexterous swords- throats, cold-blooded murderers, human
manship of the matador who escapes fiends, assassins, thugs, fratricides, and
death himself by a hair's breadth in ta- matricides. But compared with some
king the life of a bull. Long disquisitions ways of killing brutes, bull-fighting has
liave been written upon the horrors of bull- at least one redeeming feature,— the bull
fighting, and Spain and Mexico have many has a chance to kill his would-be mur-
times been held up to the scorn of the derer, to gore and trample in the dust his
world because of the bull-fighting pro- tormentors, which he has a perfect right
clivities of their people. One writer re- to do, a God-given right. "Surely your
cently remarked that in his opinion a blood of your lives will I seek, by the
7 62 MATADOR OR ABATTOIR.
hand of every beast will I seek it." businesses in which men are engaged in
Gen. 9:5. the great metropolis, if we may judge
When the human race began its on- from the colossal fortunes accumulated
slaught upon the lower animals, God put by those most largely engaged in the
•IN BLISSFUL IGNORANCE OF THEIR FATE."
in the heart of every beast a self-preserv- killing business ? Let me ask you to
ing instinct from which he derives the take a peep through one of the great
impulse to take the life of man. Then abattoirs of a large city. Unless you
began the strife between man and beast have already been accustomed to spec-
as to which should kill the other. In thus tacles of gore such as are afforded by
giving the animal the disposition to kill the town slaughter-house or "butchering-
man, God provided for a "square fight," day " on the farm, you may perhaps feel
giving the animal a chance to execute di- shocked before you have completed the
vine vengeance upon its pursuer; to save tour of one of these stupendous slaugh-
its life by taking the life of its would-be ter-pens.
murderer. Viewed from this standpoint, The Cosmopolitan and the Gentleman
there is one thing worse than bull-fighting, Farmer Magazine have recently published
with its matadores, picadores, chulos, and lengthy and profusely illustrated articles
and muleteros. Now listen, reader, while giving the details of the whole business,
I tell you what it is. It is the abattoir ! so that it is possible for one to attain a
Do you object to this arraignment of one very exact knowledge of what takes place
of our much respected institutions of all in one of these establishments without
great cities, and one of the most prodi- running the risk of soiling his garments
gious wealth-producers of all the various with blood or becoming nauseated by the
MATADOR OR ABATTOIR. 763
reeking stench which "smells to heaven," every man who comes in contact with it.
not only in the immediate vicinity of the Let us look at some of these pictures,
stock-yards of Chicago, for example, but and let each one of us note how we are
sometimes pours out such a malodorous "stirred." The man whose soul is not
venom as to insult the nostrils of more so calloused that he has ceased to think
than half the two million population of humanely, and has lost sight of the great
that filth-ridden city. Through the kind- fatherhood of God and the great kinship
ness of the editors of these magazines of all living, sentient things, must be
we are able to furnish our readers with a stirred to feel that the slaughter-house,
number of these life-like cuts, which are whether it be the wretched shanty just
made from photographs taken on the outside the limits of some country village,
spot, each of which carries with it an or the enormous structure filled with inge-
appeal, the eloquence of which might nious machinery of every description
move a heart of stone. managed by a great packing company,
In the Union Stock-Yards of Chicago is simply a place where organized murder
enormous wealth has constructed a ma- — premeditated, systematic, deliberate
chine for killing, the most extensive to be murder—is carried on. True, it is not so
found in all the country. As the Cos- regarded by the men who are engaged in
WAITING THKIK TUUN,
mopolitan says, "It is a region of order it, but it is nevertheless murder, and by
and death, but a sight that will stir the the wholesale.
most casual onlooker or the deepest phi- Our first illustration presents a small
losopher." And it does stir — it changes section of the cattle-pens in which the
7 64 MATADOR OR ABATTOIR.
poor brutes are confined " in blissful from whence they are crowded into a long
ignorance of their fate." Here, we are alley, an outer and upper view of which
told, there are often to be found from is shown below. The alley is divided
"forty to fifty thousand hogs, twenty into compartments, into which the poor
thousand cattle, and five thousand sheep." brutes are crowded two by two, and s»
Two hundred acres of yards are densely closely hemmed in that they can not stir.
crowded with unoffending brutes, waiting Confused, dazed by their new surround-
to be slaughtered. As the writer of the ings, frightened by the drover's whip,
article referred to tells us, "hardly any possibly imagining that they are being
sunrise sees in existence any part of all parceled off to be fed, they meekly stand,
this life that on the previous morning waiting they know not what ; presently an
bleated, squealed, and bellowed under the assassin, unseen, unsuspected, slips up
urging whip of the drover." Think of it! behind, and deals each poor brute a sledge-
More than one hundred and fifty thousand hammer blow between the eyes, which
lives snuffed out in one day! In 1897 fells him to the floor — not dead, but
nearly four million cattle were passed insensible.
THE ASSASSINATION.
through these yards, and more than eight One of the big doors shown in the-
million hogs, to say nothing of the vast picture now rises, and the innocent vic-
numbers of sheep and calves. tims are rolled out upon the floor. At
On page 763 is shown one of the yards this point they are seized, swung aloft,
into which the cattle are driven in small flayed, eviscerated, drawn, and quar-
lots when they are to be slaughtered, and tered, and hung up to ripen by slow
MATADOR OR ABATTOIR. 765
processes of decay until they become floor. Two men are here. As the chains,
"Christmas beef," possessing just the descend, they are seized, and the hook is.
right odor and flavor of putrescence to fastened about the hoof of a hog. The
suit the appetite of the epicure — tender wheel goes on, and slowly the porker is-
DONE TO DEATH.
morsels to be torn into shreds by dainty dragged upward out of the jam, while the
teeth that are carefully cleansed and pol- next chain is fastened to another hog.
ished three times a day only to be as "As he ascends, an automatic appliance
many times plunged anew into the decay- seizes the hook about the foot, releases it
ing carcass of some dead beast. from the hog, and substitutes another vic-
If the dumb creatures of the pen hap- tim, without even so much as a jolt or a
pen to be pigs, "they are driven in lots fall. This is the carrier from then on,
of fifty into a grim chamber where the and the rail is a direct sloping path to
wheel of fate awaits them. Here they death, dissection, and the refrigerator.
come, squealing, crowding, dripping from In five minutes the kicking, squealing vic-
their bath, only to face the wheel, and tim will be halved, and hanging with
death in the shape of a huge butcher in thousands of others in a dim refrigerator,
whose hand gleams a blood-wet stiletto, awaiting the car or the packing-room.
and whose apron drips red. The wheel is "The sloping rail keeps the hog mov-
immense, solid, and without spokes. ing by mere force of gravity. As it
About the rim, where spokes would be if moves along, one in a long solid line, to
it were not solid, hang chains with hooks the butcher, a dexterous move of the blade
at the bottom. As the wheel revolves, ends its career. It passes on, and an
the chains come down and drag upon the electric button which the chain scratches
THE WHEEL OF FATE.
in passing, registers its death, and indicates or, as the writer of the article referred to
in the office of the superintendent of the in the Cosmopolitan claims, that it is "the
yards the number of hogs slain thus far. greatest business in Chicago" and "the
For ten yards the body gravitates clown- most interesting thing in Chicago " ? Who
ward, and bleeds, the blood running into will dare call the butcher's business hon-
a special reservoir from which is drawn orable, and with the same breath denounce
the material for fertilizer." the bull-fight as a national disgrace, an
Consider a moment, reader, how much outrage against public morals, a school of
blood is poured into that reservoir. A cal- murder and of all crimes of violence ?
culation based upon very moderate figures We shall not undertake to dispute that this
shows that the amount of blood annually is all true of bull-fighting. The compla-
shed in the Chicago abattoirs alone is cency with which Spanish soldiers cut oft
more than sufficient to float five great the heads of captured Cubans, and the
ocean steamships. What crime have equal alacrity shown by the Cubans in
these poor brutes committed that they butchering helpless Spanish soldiers who
should be thus executed ? What law of fell into their hands until the cold-blooded
God or man have they violated that they business was stopped by American rifles
should thus prematurely die ; that their leveled at the heads of the would-be of-
blood should be poured out upon the soil fenders, shows clearly enough the effect
as a fertilizer? Verily, the blood of of the bull-ring upon the Spanish char-
multimillions of innocents cries from the acter.
ground. The influence of the abattoir, of the
After witnessing such horrors, who will common slaughter-house, is equally shown
say that the abattoir is a noble industry, in the moral deterioration evident in the
MATADOR OR ABATTOIR. 767
men whose lives are devoted to the slaught- almost universally, in Christendom, re-
ering of innocent beasts. The ears of garded as a disqualification for service
such men become deaf to the agonizing upon a jury in which the question of
cry of the intelligent brute that suspects responsibility for human life is involved.
its fate. The spectacle of a living being The slaughter-house, the abattoir, is a
pouring out its life blood in a gushing blot upon our civilization. It is a crim-
stream loses its ghastliness ; the sight of son crime, the awful effects of which are
quivering flesh, of writhing entrails, loses stamped upon the characters of millions
its gruesomeness ; life, that divine spark of unborn infants. The sight of quar-
of infinite energy which animates all liv- tered and eviscerated beasts hanging in
ing things and makes all sentient creatures the markets, corpses paraded along the
kin,—this wonderful, mysterious, inex- public thoroughfare, is demoralizing to
plicable life, —loses its sacredness. The old and young ; but the thirst for blood,
hired assassin is almost always a butcher. the carnivorous appetite engendered by
The perpetrators of many of the most generations of perversion, demands flesh
atrocious and cold-blooded crimes have for satisfaction, and so hundreds and even
been more frequently butchers than men thousands of men. must be employed to
of any other occupation. That a man is wade knee-deep in blood, that "men with
professionally a murderer of brutes is fleshy morsels may be fed."
A FAIR FIGHT.
768 MATADOR OR ABATTOIR.
The Mexican chooses to have his beef prematurely shortening its existence, shut-
killed in the ring and to get a little enter- ting out from its eyes forever the light
tainment and excitement out of it by giv- of the sun, the beauties of the world,
ing the animal ar chance to fight for its shutting away from its ears forever the
life. When the animal is dead, its car- pleasant songs of the birds and nature's
cass is dragged out, skinned, dismem- universal music, and cutting off from it
bered, and finally buried in the stomachs forever all the simple pleasures which have
of the spectators the same as if it had been divinely ordained for its gratifica-
been killed in the slaughter-house or tion,— this is simply unprovoked, pre-
A TORRKNT OF BLOOD.
Tjutchered by machinery, as in a modern meditated, systematic murder. Does the
abattoir. word sound harsh ? It is only because
In England, in former times, it was the our conscience has been seared, our sen-
custom to turn the animal awaiting slaugh- timents have become blunted, our judg-
ter out into a large field, and set a parcel ment perverted, our natural instincts
of savage bulldogs upon it to tease it un- reversed; we have false conceptions of
til nearly dead so that its flesh might be things ; we look upon the animal as we
tender. In other countries it was the look upon a stone or a tree, forgetting
practise to hang the animal up by its that it is, like ourselves, a sentient being.
heels and flog it to death with stout whips. If some reader considers that the views
These special cruelties are not now tol- expressed in this article are extreme, let
erated, but the greatest cruelty of all,— him recall the fact that there are in India
robbing the animal of its right to live, two hundred millions of people who hold
MATADOR OR ABATTOIR. 769
the life of a beast almost as sacred as that
of a human being, who will willingly die
-of hunger rather than
"Pollute their bodies with the food profane,"
as Ovid sings. In China, Burma, Per-
sia, Siam, and Japan there are as many
millions more who regard animal life with
the same respect.
A few years ago the Janes, a numerous
religious sect in India, concluded their
annual feast by visiting one of the slaugh-
ter-houses of Calcutta, where cattle are
killed to satisfy the bloody appetite of
Mohammedans and European merchants
and missionaries, not to buy carcasses for
a barbecue, but for the purpose of pur-
chasing and setting free a number of cows.
Who ever heard of such an example of
pity and compassion in Christendom ?
(To be concluded.)
THE DECEPTION OF ALCOHOL AND ALCOHOLIC
LIQUORS.
W. H. RILEY, II. D.
THERE is no substance more deceptive stomach and ulceration of its mucous
in its effects upon the body than alcohol. membrane. All these conditions interfere
Contrary to the opinion held by so many, to a greater or less degree with the diges-
— that it assists digestion, quickens the tion of food, and consequently in the
circulation, strengthens the muscles, in- same measure with all the functions of
creases bodily temperature, and improves the body. Experiments on the lower
the condition of the body generally,— animals show that alcohol is very quickly
science has demonstrated over and over absorbed from the stomach, and hastens
again that it does just the reverse of all on to work its mischief in other parts of
this. the system.
It has been shown repeatedly that alco- After absorption from the stomach, the
holic liquor, when taken into the stomach next organ of importance with which it
even in moderate quantities, diminishes comes in contact is the liver. It causes
the secretion of the gastric juice, coagu- congestion of this organ by paralyzing
lates the albuminous part of the food, the vasomotor nerves, and interferes with
thus rendering it more difficult of diges- all its functions. The cells in which the
tion ; paralyzes, to some degree at least, work of the liver is done, are paralyzed
the muscular coats of the stomach ; and and poisoned by the alcohol, so that none
when taken for any considerable length of of the functions of the organ are properly
itime, causes atrophy of the glands of the performed. As the poisonous effects of
770 THE DECEPTION OF ALCOHOL.
the alcohol continue, the cells in time the circulation is accelerated. So far
waste away, and are finally destroyed. from this, there is abundance of proof on
The wasting and disappearance of the es- all sides of the question that alcohol re-
sential cells of the liver are attended and tards the circulation of the blood through
followed by an ingrowth of the fibrous the blood-vessels and tissues of the body.
and supporting tissue, so that under the The circulation of the blood is kept up
influence of alcohol there is a gradual but through the body by the force of the heart
certain transformation of the normal tis- beat, together with the force acting in the
sue of the organ. The liver cells being arteries. Anything that will increase the
poisoned and destroyed by the alcohol, blood pressure in the arteries increases
the connective tissue increases in quan- the circulation, and anything that lowers
tity, and the liver tissue becomes hard in the blood pressure retards the circulation.
its structure. But even this supporting Alcohol has a paralyzing effect on the
fibrous tissue can not resist the poisonous vasomotor constrictor nerves, and inter-
effect of alcohol, and finally gives way feres with the normal contraction of the
to it. This tissue also degenerates and muscles of the arterial walls, and this
wastes away, so that one who is in the lowers the blood pressure and retards cir-
habit of making post-mortem examina- culation. It is a well-established physio-
tions of the livers of those who have been logical fact that anything which lowers
in the habit of using the drug continu- blood pressure causes the heart to beat
ously, finds scattered through the liver faster. Alcohol, on account of the effect
white masses of soft friable tissue with on the nerves, lowers the blood pressure
not a single trace of either liver cells or in the blood-vessels, and consequently the
the fibrous tissue which originally made heart beats more rapidly. Another rea-
up the structure of the healthy organ, and son for the increase in the heart's beat is
also that every vestige of the normal liver the fact that alcohol has a paralyzing
tissue is entirely absent in these places. effect on the vagus nerve of the heart.
On account of the peculiar external ap- When this nerve is stimulated, the heart
pearance of a liver of this kind, it has beats more slowly. Alcohol, by its par-
been called the "hob-nailed liver." The alyzing effect on this nerve, allows it to
organ in this condition is totally incapa- beat more rapidly. But because the heart
ble of performing any of its normal func- does beat more rapidly is no evidence
tions, and death sooner or later is the that the circulation is accelerated,-and we
result. know that such is not the case.
From time almost immemorial, alcohol This paralyzing effect of alcohol upon
and alcoholic liquors have had the credit the vasomotor constrictor nerves is well
of acting as cardiac stimulants and tonics, illustrated in the congestion of the liver,
and even at the present day this opinion of the lungs, of the face, and of other
is entertained, not only by the laity, but parts of the body, seen in persons who
by a large number of the medical profes- have been addicted to the use of alcoholic
sion. Such an opinion, however, can liquors for a long time.
not stand in the light of scientific experi- A man takes a drink or two of liquor,
mentation and clinical experience. It is and thinks that he is stronger, that he
true that alcohol and alcoholic liquors, can lift more, that he can endure more
even when taken in moderate doses, in- physical exertion, than he could before
crease the number of beats of the heart he took the drink. But if we test his
per minute, but this does not mean that muscles carefully both before and after
THE DECEPTION OF ALCOHOL.
taking the alcoholic liquor, we shall find body. Experiments made in physiological
that the alcohol has greatly diminished laboratories in different parts of the coun-
his muscular strength. He feels stronger, try, and also in Europe, have established
but he is really weaker, and this can be the fact that when alcohol is given to
demonstrated beyond a doubt by any one rabbits or other animals, even in moderate
who will take the pains to do so. quantities, the effect upon the nerve cells
Alcohol also destroys the normal func- is seen almost immediately. In a short
tion of the blood. It unites with the time it can be demonstrated that alcohol
hemoglobin of the blood, and tends to interferes with the normal nutritive prop-
break down the red blood-corpuscles, and erties of the cell, and consequently with
in every way interferes with the oxygen- healthy nerve action. Not only this, but
carrying properties of the red blood-cor- every one is acquainted with the incoher-
puscles. By cutting off the normal supply ent speech, the irregular and awkward
of oxygen that should be carried to the movements, the muscular weakness, the
tissues, it interferes with proper oxidation, mental delirium and stupor, of the habitual
and consequently lowers the tempera- drinker, to say nothing of delirium tremens
ture of the body, interfering with the and a large list of mental and nervous
nutritive processes of the body generally. diseases that are known to result from
This is one reason, at least, why people the use of this deceptive poison.
addicted to the use of alcohol have a large Alcohol certainly has no useful place
amount of adipose tissue. A man who in the economy of the healthy body. It
has been given to the use of alcohol for a is a poison, and is always so regarded by
period of years, frequently has a large the body,— a narcotic, an anesthetic, a
amount of adipose tissue, a florid com- harmful substance, the use of which always
plexion, and often receives credit for results in evil and not in good. It takes
enjoying good health; but such is not more lives annually in this country alone
the case. His red face is due to the fact than almost all the acute infectious dis-
that the blood-vessels of the face are eases put together.
paralyzed, and the face is congested with The following is a partial list of the
blood; he is in no sense in a normal, many diseases which it causes, and which
healthy condition. He has a large amount to a large degree at least might be pre-
of adipose tissue because of the degenera- vented by abstaining from its use : Differ-
tion which the alcohol has caused in the ent forms of paralysis, epilepsy, apoplexy,
normal tissue of the body, and because general paralysis of the insane, delirium
oxidation has not been carried on to its tremens, different forms of insanity, pneu-
proper extent in the body ; and the result monia, consumption of the lungs, differ-
is the accumulation of a large amount of ent forms of indigestion, ulceration of the
adipose tissue which ought really to have stomach, cancer of the stomach, Bright's
been burned up in the body in doing some disease of the kidneys, cirrhosis of the
useful work. liver, fatty degeneration of the heart,
Alcohol also interferes with the action of diseases of the blood-vessels.
the kidneys. It prevents the elimination Surely no one who will give this matter
of waste matter from the body, and is thought, and look into it with an unprej-
often the cause of serious disease in these udiced mind and a desire to find the
organs. truth, can come to any other conclusion
Its effect is no less marked on the than that alcohol always does harm, and
nervous system than on other parts of the is never needed in the body, either in
772 THE DECEPTION OF ALCOHOL.
health or in the treatment of disease, of the wise man, "Wine is a mocker,,
except it be as an antiseptic for the pur- strong drink is raging, and whosoever is
pose of destroying germs. The truth deceived thereby is not wise," holds
expressed centuries ago in the language equally true to-day.
THE DIPLOMA OF HEALTH.
DAVID PAULSON, M. D.
THERE are certain diseases, as small- gins to complain of this or that little pain
pox, scarlet fever, and a long list of other which he ought not to have; his head
contagious diseases, to contract which it does not feel just right; he is dull. Lit-
is only necessary for the system to be in a tle by little he is laying the foundation for
state of lowered vitality. None but the chronic disease.
person with perfect vitality can resist all In most cases, all that is necessary to
diseases. But there is another class of cure an acute disease is to remove the
diseases which renders the lives of thou- cause. If a cinder gets into my eye,
sands miserable,— diseases called in a tears flow. All that is necessary to stop
general way chronic diseases, which we their flowing is to remove the cinder.
get in the same manner that we get an But if the cinder remains in the eye a
education,— by long and persistent train- long time, say for weeks, and is then re-
ing for them — by sowing the seed vigor- moved, the tears will still continue to
ously before we begin to reap. flow ; the glands the/ produce tears have
The child does not enter the public acquired the habit of producing them, and
school until he is five, six, or seven years they continue to do so. In this case the
old, and he leaves it at the age of matu- glands of the eye must be coaxed back to
rity. But there is another school that he their normal condition. So with the man
enters at infancy and from which he is who is afflicted with a chronic disease ;
not graduated until death, and that is the after the cells of his body have acquired
school of bad habits ; he" learns bad hab- the habit of acting in an abnormal way,
its early and sticks to them late — until it is not sufficient for him to give up his
he gets his diploma. The diploma in this bad habits.
school is ill health; it is disease ; it is in- We tell people to give up their bad hab-
validism. Sometimes the student in the its ; they do so, and then they come back
public school is guilty of some misdemea- to us and say, " I have given up my bad
nor, in consequence of which he does not habits, but I feel worse than I did before."'
get his diploma ; but from the school of This is because nature must be trained
bad habits he is sure to be graduated. back to health again. So I consider the
The mother begins to coax Johnnie to process of recovery from a chronic dis-
do this thing or that thing, the evil results ease to be a process of training, little by
of which she should know that he will little, in doing the right thing; if the
reap later in life. When Johnnie is free process of degeneration has not gone on
to go on his own independent will, which too far, even a chronic disease may be
has already been bent in the wrong direc- cured in this manner. But how much
tion, he still proceeds in that direction. better it is to begin early in life to train
Long before he ought to be sick, he be- up the child in health.
THE DIPLOMA OF HEALTH. 773
I believe that disease, instead of being the child's daily study, he will learn that
a "dispensation of Providence,"is simply they belong together. "What therefore
a result; it is the harvest of seed that has God hath joined together, let not man put
been sown ; it is the sure and legitimate asunder." No man can put asunder what
growth of that seed; and if we ever ex- God has joined together in this way.
pect to banish disease, we must begin These ideas will not then be separate
early in life,—not simply to get rid of the ideas in the child's mind; he will learn
alcohol or tobacco habit, but to try to to connect right principles with whatever
understand what wrong combinations of he does in his daily life and habits, and
food are, what poor food is, what wrong then he can expect to have health, and
habits in reference to dress and exercise not until then. Then he will receive the
are, and what influence and what bearing diploma of health, as a reward for the
they have upon the health. When these good and correct habits of life that he
things are combined in the school with has formed.
THROUGH THE GOOD HEALTH SPY-GLASS.
IN London lately fifty-four barrels of in a novel way by a Russian physician.
decomposing livers were seized by officials According to London Engineering, he
upon premises devoted to the manufact- placed a dog in a room with the tem-
ure of all kinds of " table delicacies " and perature lowered to 100° below zero.
a pure meat extract. The managers had After ten hours the dog was taken out
insisted that the livers were all right. alive, and with an enormous appetite.
The physician tried the test himself.
After ten hours' confinement in an at-
The total number of different dishes at mosphere of still, dry cold, his system
a dinner given by a Chinese gentleman to was intensely stimulated.
his friends, says Good Housekeeping,
J*
ranges anywhere from thirty to two hun-
dred and fifty. The number of courses "Sir John Lubbock recently asked the
served hot varies from ten to one hun- Under-Secretary of War," says the Vege
dred. tarian, "whether he was aware that the
Jt so-called osprey feathers worn as plumes
by certain regiments were only developed
Sir Samuel Wilks says: "The only
by, and were stripped from, the birds
remedies I know for consumption are air
during the breeding season ; that the de-
and sunshine — air, air, FRESH AIR." A
struction of the old birds involved the
special number of the Practitioner de-
starvation of the young ones ; and if he
voted to tuberculosis, a volume of one
would consider the desirability of aban-
hundred and fifty-five pages, containing
doning the use of a decoration which
the latest views of many leading authori-
involved the slaughter of birds under
ties, gives but nine pages to the medicinal
circumstances shown to involve such
treatment of the disease.
cruelty. Mr. Brodrick replied that or-
ders had been given that plumes com-
That cold air possesses great possibili- posed otherwise than of so-called osprey
ties as a medicine has been demonstrated feathers should be prepared with a view to
774 THROUGH THE GOOD HEALTH SPY-GLASS.
obtaining the sanction of Her Majesty to for an indefinite period in the soil. The
the abolition of the osprey plumes worn walls of the cistern should be of hard-
by the commissioned officers in certain burned brick laid in a first-class cement
regiments." in such a manner that they are absolutely
J* water-tight. The cistern should have a
Dr Olin F. Harvey, of Wilkesbarre, capacity of about ten gallons a day for
Pa., who examined more than a thousand each member of the family for two
men for admission to the army, states that months. By a properly arranged cut-off,
many of the applicants had to be rejected the first rain-water should be permitted to
for insufficient chest expansion. " Strange escape."
as it may seem," Doctor Harvey says, Jt
''nearly all who had narrow chests were Dr. Sydenham, who was long known
young farmers. Brought up to run a as the "father of English medicine," and
plough or hoe and scrape the ground probably was one of the first to lay down
with long-handled tools, they had very definite rules for the treatment of various
strong arms and backs, but were muscle- diseases, gave some rather startling med-
bound and bent over. Their chests had ical advice, as viewed by the light of
been contracted, and few of them could present knowledge. This is one of Dr.
-expand on inhalation to the requisite two Sydenham's famous remedies for the
inches." gout, says Health : " He by no means
je advises total abstinence in the treatment
The British MedicalJournal, in a report of this disease, although he is decided in
Upon milk and meat inspection in London, his preferences for temperance. ' Gouty
says : "The annual mortality per million persons,' he says, 'should make it a rule
from tuberculosis in England and Wales to drink such liquors as will not inebriate
in the decennium 1881-90 was for ages or injure the stomach by their chillness.
under five years 4,499, whereas in the Of this kind is our small beer. As to
next five years of life it was only 844. water alone, I esteem it crude and perni-
There can be no reasonable doubt that a cious ; but young people may drink it
very large part of this fearful mortality in with safety ! ' "
.childhood is to be attributed to the con- J
sumption of milk containing the infective The buzzing sound that bees make in
principle of tuberculosis. Careful scien- their hives, we are told, and which can be
tific examination by Professor Sheridan often heard by those standing outside, is
Delepine of milk brought into Manchester not produced for the sake of the music.
and Liverpool has shown that over one It is to expel the bad air ; and a row or
sixth of all the country supplies were thus file of bees may often be found near the
infected." entrance, engaged ein this health-giving
J* operation. Meanwhile, there is another
•"The people should be taught that little company standing just outside,
cistern water is the safest and most whole- "fluttering" the fresh air in. All this
some for drinking purposes," says H. H. time, the little messengers between hive
Vinke, M. D., in the Medical News. and flower go, come and go, and brush
"Wells are constantly liable to contamina- past the ventilating corps, with their little
tion because they admit of the entrance of loads of honey. As many as twenty bees
ground-water, and it has been shown that may be engaged at once in this praise-
the bacillus of Eberth retains its vitality worthy process of giving fresh air to their
THROUGH THE GOOD HEALTH SPY-GLASS. 775
homes. When they get tired, their place his cure Darius presented him with two
is taken by others, and the good work of pairs of fetters of gold.
aeration still goes on. "This," adds the writer, "is the first
medical fee of which I find any distinct
or specific record in profane history."
The reason why people need extra J*
covering during sleep, according to the
Among butchers, Bright's disease and
Popular Science News, is simply this:
diseases of the nervous system are con-
'' Nature takes the time when one is lying
siderably more fatal than the average.
down to give the heart a rest, and that
Their mortality figure from suicide is
organ, consequently, makes ten strokes
twenty-three, or nine more than the aver-
less a minute than when one is in an up-
age. They die much faster than the
right posture. Multiplying that by sixty
average from rheumatic fever, as well as
minutes gives six hundred strokes. There-
from gout, diabetes, cancer, consumption,
fore, in eight hours spent in lying down,
and heart disease. The mortality of butch-
the heart is saved nearly five thousand
ers under the head of alcoholism has
strokes, and as the heart pumps six ounces
increased by more than half since 1881.
of blood with each stroke, it lifts thirty
These facts are shown by statistics pre-
thousand ounces less blood in a night of
pared by the English government. The
eight hours spent in bed than when one is
Vegetarian Messenger and Review makes
in an upright position. As the blood
the following comment : —
flows so much more slowly through the
"It is not, of course, certain that
veins while one is lying down, one must
butchers eat more flesh than other people,
supply with extra coverings the warmth
but assuming that, as seems probable,
usually furnished by the circulation."
they do, we have here statistical evidence
of the connection between flesh-eating and
drunkenness, gout, and cancer."
An interesting story about fomentations
is told by Dr. C. C. Bombaugh in the J»
Johns Hopkins Hospital Bulletin. Demo- The Vegetarian, London, quotes the
cedes, a slave, was summoned by Darius, statement of experts that Japanese food,
king of Persia, who had sprained his though poor in nitrogen, and also in
ankle in leaping from his horse. The wri- fats, is rich in carbon, and amply sufficient
ter quotes from Herodotus as follows:— to support life, provided the muscles be
"Darius immediately sent for him; kept in action, but that it is indigestible,
he was discovered among the slaves of and even injurious, to those who spend
Oroetes, where he had been allowed to their time squatting on the mats at home.
remain in neglect, and was brought to the This accounts for the healthy looks of the
king just as he was found, in chains and coolies, and for the too often dyspeptic
in rags. He at once applied such strong and feeble bodily habit of the upper
fomentations and soothing remedies as classes who take little or no exercise.
were used in the treatment of similar cases The vegetarian wrestlers of Japan and
in Greece, and by these means Darius, the peasants of that country are among
who had despaired of ever recovering the the strongest and most enduring people in
entire use of his foot, was not only enabled the world. The Japanese can obtain an
to sleep, but in a short time was com- abundance of both nitrogen and fat in the
pletely restored. In acknowledgment of Soja bean, if he desires.
THE POWER OF THE TOBACCO HABIT.
CHARLOTTE SMITH ANGSTMAN.
NONE of us need reflect very long to good; the habit of lying, to show how it
recall many instances of the power of continually augments itself till the results
habit and its insidiousness. Habits are are appalling to one's moral fiber ; and
originally the results of voluntary acts, the habit of tippling, with its train of
but may become so deeply rooted that possible and probable consequences; but
their control is impossible. let us consider now one of the most uni-
There is hardly any one who does not versal habits, that of the use of tobacco.
know of a case of stammering which was In all ages man has sought to multiply
acquired by mimicry at first, but later his enjoyments, animal and intellectual,
developed into a habit which held its by the aid of some narcotic. The an-
victim with indissoluble bonds. Many cestors of the Peruvian muleteer chewed
acquire the habit of loud talking, very the coca leaf in far remote times just as
much to the discomfort of their friends, he does now, and gave themselves up to
through habitually talking to a deaf per- its effects just as the cocain drunkard does
son or for other reasons. Others are ob- at the present time. The use of opium,
serving and critical until they forget that of hemp, and of the betel nut was com-
these qualities should include the finding mon among the eastern Asiatics in times
of things to praise as well as to blame, of fabulous antiquity. The use of to-
and become such fault-finders that their bacco among the Chinese is of very
friends lose all pleasure in their society. great antiquity, although their plant is
There have been naturally disagreeable quite different from ours, as it is also in
people who have determined to be pleas- most Eastern countries.
ant on all ordinary occasions, and espe- The tobacco habit is of heathen origin,
cially on trying occasions, till they have and among the heathen nations we find
actually formed the habit of being amia- the use of the weed most nearly univer-
ble, and are among some of our most sal. Johnston says in his "Chemistry of
delightful acquaintances. Common Life:" "The Turks and Per-
Many are familiar with the story of the sians have become the greatest smokers
woman upon whom sorrow's hand had in the world. In Turkey, the pipe is
fallen so heavily that it seemed she perpetually in the mouth. In India, all
could never recover health or spirits classes and both sexes smoke. The Si-
again, but who determined upon the, amese chew moderately, but smoke per-
to her, stringent measure of a laugh petually. The Burmese of all ranks, of
three times a day, whether she felt like both sexes and of all ages, down even to
it or not. The result was magical, not infants of three years old, smoke cigars.
only upon her own health and spirits, but In China, the practise is so universal that
upon the happiness of the whole family, every female, from the age of eight or
who took up the laughing habit as a kind nine, wears, as an appendage to her dress,
of infection, which resulted in making a small silken pocket to hold tobacco and
them merry and good-tempered, a de- a pipe."
light and a help to all their friends. Civilized nations have taken up the use
Other habits might be mentioned, such of this narcotic, following first the exam-
as those of study, industry, frugality, and ple of the American Indian, till now there
many more, to illustrate their power for is scarcely a nation on the globe which
776
THE POWER OF THE TOBACCO HABIT. 777
does not use it to some extent. Even cular spasm and other effects lasting for
forty years ago it was estimated that three days This narcotic has been
throughout the world the total production known to kill a man in three minutes, yet
and consumption of this favorite narcotic people for temporary gratification will
was 4,480,000,000 pounds yearly. This play with such a powerful poison.
would require 5, 500, ooo acres of rich Of course the constant use of so ener-
land to be kept constantly under tobacco getic a principle can not be without its
cultivation. The tobacco raised annually marked effects upon the human system.
for the gratification of this one form of Dr. Johnston says that inveterate smokers
narcotic appetite weighs as much as the live in an almost constant state of narco-
wheat consumed by ten millions of Eng- tism or narcotic drunkenness, which must
lishmen, and as much money is spent for ultimately affect the health even of the
it as for all the wheat eaten in Great Brit- strongest.
ain. This is also true of the United Another medical authority says : " Its
States. Last year the tobacco bill of active principle, nicotine, which is an
Great Britain and Ireland was .£32,500,- energetic poison, exerts its specific effect
ooo sterling. The outlay for the weed on the nervous system, tending to stimu-
last year with small Spain averaged Si.80 late it to an unnatural degree of activity,
for every inhabitant, that country's to- the final result of which is weakness or
bacco bill being $31,000,000. With such even paralysis. The horse, under the
an expenditure for such a purpose, is it action of whip and spur, may exhibit
any wonder that Spain is fast decaying? great spirit and rapid movements, but
But to pass from the magnitude of the urge him beyond his strength with these
proportions which its use has assumed, agents, and you inflict lasting injury.
to its effect upon the human system, let Withhold the stimulants, and the droop-
us first consider the active properties ing head and moping face indicate the
which gain such a firm hold upon the sad reaction that has taken place. This
appetite. The most active principle is illustrates the evils of habitually exciting
nicotine, an alkaloid; but there are also the nerves by the use of tobacco, opium,
present nitric, phosphoric, and malic narcotics, or other drugs. . . . Oppres-
acids, besides albuminous bodies, resinous sive torpor, weakness or loss of intellect,
matter, and a large amount of inorganic softening of the brain, paralysis, nervous
salts. To illustrate the difference in the debility, dyspepsia, functional derange-
amount of nicotine present, according to ment of the heart, and diseases of the
the variety and the soil upon which it is liver and kidneys are not uncommon con-
grown, consider that good Havana con- sequences of the excessive employment of
tains two per cent., and Virginia six and this plant."
nine-tenths per cent. An incident illustrating these assertions
Nicotine, when injected into an animal, came under the observation of the writer:
produces varying movements of the heart, A well-known physician in one of our
thus accounting for the palpitation which chief cities became such a slave to the
characterizes the tobacco habit. Nico- use of this narcotic that his heart refused
tine causes death more quickly than any to act longer under its whip and spur,
other poison, except prussic acid (Still£). and repeated unconscious spells told him
One drop kills a rabbit in three and a plainly that its use must be discontinued.
half minutes. One sixteenth of a grain He thought one day, while still a smoker,
administered to man has produced mus- that he would clean his pipe, which had
77 8 THE POWER OF THE TOBACCO HABIT.
grown very dark-colored. After boiling A case is known to the writer, of one
it in- a kettle of water, he noticed that the youth in a preparatory school who often
liquid had become very brown. As an smoked sixty cigarettes a day, and who
experiment he placed a drop upon the became so impregnated with nicotine that
nose of the family cat, which promptly one day after playing ball he was startled
died ; yet, as he says, he had been taking to find that his perspiration had made his
this powerful poison into his system for undergarments as yellow as if dipped in
years, with all its offensive accompani- dye. This same person offered a good
ments and dire results, for temporary illustration of the selfishness which the
physical gratification and pleasure. He habit fosters, as the money which he was
has now completely freed himself from burning at such a rate came from the hard
the thraldom of the tobacco habit. earnings of his mother, who paid all his
All medical authorities are agreed that expenses, having faith that he was using
tobacco in any form is highly injurious his time to the best advantage.
to children and youth. It impairs diges- Accurate measurements and observa-
tion, checks nutrition, stunts the growth, tions taken upon students in some of our
produces serious nervous disorders, and foremost colleges, show that in weight,
even induces premature puberty. I re- in height, and in chest girth and lung
cently heard a prominent educator state capacity, as also in scholarship, there is
that you could bundle up all the other a great difference in favor of the non-
bad habits of schoolboys, lying, swearing, smokers.
truancy, etc., and that it would take the Even among mature men in the outside
sum total to equal in magnitude the ciga- world, the effect of tobacco upon respira-
rette habit (for this is the form in which tion and muscular power is so well recog-
tobacco is principally used by the young). nized that it is one of the first things
He declared that he could tell in a week's forbidden by trainers for athletic contests.
time when a boy had taken it up. From In most schools and naval academies
being amiable, upright, and clear-headed, stringent rules are enforced against the
he would become irritable, unreasonable, use of tobacco. In Germany its use by
dull, sneaking, forgetful, till such a com- youths is prohibited bylaw, and in several
plete change was wrought that you would States of the Union it is illegal to sell
not believe him to be the same boy. It tobacco to any one under sixteen years of
is encouraging to know, and shows what age, and in others under twenty-one years
can be done, that with about forty cases of age The sentiment in favor of attempt-
in one school, the principal succeeded in ing to save youths from the dire effects
breaking up the practise. of tobacco is still further evinced by the
Prof. J. W. Seaver, of Yale University, existence of many anti-cigarette clubs.
writing in the February number of the In Michigan, Superintendent Laird, of
Arena for 1897, says that boys in second- the Lansing schools, inaugurated a suc-
ary schools are more likely to form the cessful crusade against dealers who sold
habit of smoking, because they are away cigarettes and tobacco to boys in the
from home and are at an age when they schools. The Michigan State Teachers'
wish to appear mature and "ape their Association has done strong work against
elders." He states that a principal of one the sale of cigarettes.
of the largest of these schools says that The question whether tobacco should be
more boys break down in health from the used by teacher, principal, or superintend-
use of tobacco than from any other cause. ent has recently been discussed under a
•THE POWER OF THE TOBACCO HABIT. 779
new light in Colorado. A woman whose of a drink, when he wished to be particu-
educational qualifications came up to the larly bright. The day came when he had
standard, but who smoked cigars upon the to have a large abscess lanced, and from
streets of Rico, applied for a teacher's the conditions it could not be done with-
certificate. The press of the State and out the administration of chloroform.
the populace, though horrified, are asking The result was that the utmost skill of
why, since neither civil law nor custom several physicians was necessary to pre-
makes this a bar for a man teacher, it serve his life, as the heart action was so
should be objectionable for a woman feeble from his prolonged use of nicotine.
teacher? Some parts of the East seem Still another tobacconer had so lowered
to be approaching a single standard for his vitality that he died under the neces-
men and women in manners and morals. sary administration of chloroform. Let
In Center county, Pa., there is a rule men consider whether they are ready to
prohibiting the use of tobacco, and the risk their lives- for this indulgence, before
county directors require that the county they abandon themselves to it.
superintendent enter on every certificate Again, the very worst diseases have
granted, whether or not the holder is a been found to be transmitted by smoking
user of tobacco. The directors are quietly cigars which had been moistened by roll-
investigating to find out how many of the ing their wrappers in the mouth during
teachers use tobacco, with a view to the process of manufacture.
demanding that they either stop it or "In habitual smokers," says Dr. Pe-
resign. reira, a high authority in such matters,
Since the instinct to imitate is so strong " the practise when moderately indulged
in both youths and adults, and the power provokes thirst, and increases the secre-
of example is so great, it is certainly in- tion of saliva." When nature's ways are
consistent to wage a warfare against the disturbed, as of course they are in an un-
use of tobacco by youths, and none due secretion of saliva, the penalty must
against its use by their teachers. follow, and we have from this effect alone,
But to speak again of the effects of to- throat, nasal, and stomach affections; for
bacco in general, almost any of us can one can readily see that when the throat
recall cases of severe and even fatal ill- is robbed of its natural moisture, it is sen-
ness, in persons who were inveterate sitive to all atmospheric changes, and af-
smokers, which failed for weeks and weeks fords good ground for the planting of
to yield to remedies which have easily any disease germs. Very few smokers
conquered such cases in men who were are free from severe attacks of catarrh,
not addicted to its use. As one physi- asthma, or bronchitis, and by the law of
cian says, "With a system already thor- heredity, numbers of their children have
oughly charged with an influence antag- the same affections. This undue excita-
onistic to their own, and which is sure to tion of the salivary glands, and the dis-
neutralize their effect, what good can med- eases of the throat and air-passages
icinesdo? " attendant upon it are in most instances
No one can know at what time some the cause of the expectoration which has
operation upon his body may be neces- become recognized as a public nuisance,
sary, compelling the employment of chlo- always privately and sometimes officially.
roform. The writer recalls the case of a The progressive town of Brookline, Mass.,
man who took great credit to himself for has dealt with the matter in a way that
always having a " good smoke," instead might well be copied universally, through
780 THE POWER OF THE TOBACCO HABIT.
its board of health,which has issued the veterate consumer of this narcotic. How-
following order : — many men have had their first familiarity
" Whereas, The expectoration from per- with all the evils of the saloon by going
sons having disease of the lungs, air-pas- there to buy tobacco,— men who really
sages, or throat contains germs capable would never have taken up the drinking
of communicating disease to other per- habit but for having been introduced to it
sons, the Board of Health adjudges spit- by this means. A hospital physician says
ting in certain places to be a public that in cases of delirium tremens he has
nuisance, source of filth, and cause of always found that the patient has used
sickness, and it is therefore — tobacco, and in a few cases that the dis-
" Ordered, That no person shall spit ease was caused by tobacco alone. It is
upon the floor of any public conveyance, a well-known scientific fact that cancer
shop, store, hall, church, schoolhouse, has been produced upon the tongue and
railroad station, or other public building throat by tobacco. The cases of the il-
in said town, or upon the steps of any of lustrious General Grant, the artist John
said conveyances or buildings, or upon Millais, and Emperor Frederick of Ger-
the sidewalk of any public way in said many need only to be called to mind in
town. It is further — order to prove this.
" Ordered, That copies of this order be That the use of this narcotic is a habit
posted in public places, distributed to pure and simple, supplying no recognized
every family in the town, and published want of the system, is proved sufficiently
three times in the Brookline Chronicle. in that almost no one can give any physi-
" By order of the Board, ological reason for beginning its use, or
" HORACE JAMES, Chairman, state the kind of pleasure which its daily
"GEORGE F. JOYCE, Clerk. use affords or for what reason it is con-
"Brookline, Mass., Jan. 24, 1898. tinued. The very distress usually caused
"In the enforcement of the above for a short time, by the attempt to dis-
order, and especially in regard to side- continue iis use, proves a false condition
walks, the members of the police force created by the consumer, to be soothed
will exercise both vigilance and tact. On by the same narcotic which produced it.
seeing a violation the officer will quietly You will rarely find a devotee of the weed
call the attention of the offender to the who will defend its use. One smoker said
order, showing a copy of it, and with- to me, " It is a miserable habit, and ought
draw. to be discountenanced by every one." An -
"If the officer sees a repetition of the other said, "I subscribe to anything and
offense after he has called attention as everything which can be said against its
above, he will make an arrest. use." Still another one said, "I never
"A. BOWMAN, Chief of Police." smoked till I was a man, and then, like a
Again, this dryness of the throat, in- fool, I learned it from my father's part-
duced by undue secretion of the saliva, ner." A fourth one said, "I used to
provokes thirst, and leads almost neces- smoke, but I couldn't have my boys
sarily to excess in drinking, to frequent growing up to acquire such a habit from
intoxication, and to all the evils which my example, so I quit; " and these are
follow. Indeed, tobacco and alcohol go but samples of the confessions which we
hand in hand. One almost never finds a hear every day from men who use or have
case of a man addicted to the use of in- used tobacco. Such instances can be in-
toxicating liquors who is not also an in- definitely multiplied by any one.
THE POWER OF THE TOBACCO HABIT. 781
To one smoker I said, " But you would of school "to go to work," as they say,
feel dreadful if you found your wife en- but the girl is allowed to go on and be
joying a cigar. Why shouldn't she as graduated from the high school at least ?
well as you?" "Oh, but she is a Go to any gathering where the subject to
lady," returned he. "Yes, but we are be treated is either educational or philan-
all human beings, and as such should be thropic, and you will find the audience
judged by one standard of manners and composed of women, with a very small
morals." "Well, that is so," he said, as sprinkling of men. What does this indi-
if he had never looked at matters in that cate ?— It indicates that men are en-
aspect before. In the laws of the Most grossed in their business, in the all-ab-
High, as taught us by the Son, is there sorbing problem of getting a living, and,
one decree for man and another for when they have any leisure, do not wish
woman, or are they for both alike as to go on with hard thinking, intricate
human beings ? planning, and what seems to be a con-
While men are the ones addicted to tinuation of work; they want something
this habit, it is no more important for to rest them, so they go rather to their
them than for women to understand the clubs and societies where they may have
•subject in all its phases. No evil touch- the joy of social intercourse, or to places
ing health and the family life can be com- of amusement where their thoughts are
bated without the hearty support of our directed into less weighty channels. It
•women, who, as a rule, desire the right also indicates that the all-absorbing inter-
and best in all things ; they desire things est in matters of reform and education
•clean, morally as well as physically. lies with women. They are the ones,
Again, they are the ones who want to who, by the nature of their daily occupa-
know about things, who are gradually tions, can take up such work. So any
nearing a state when it shall be conceded reform, to be a real one, must enlist the
that they, instead of men, are the edu- women, not alone for the reasons just
cated class. Can not every one recall stated, but because in every-day life they
•some family where the boy is taken out are so close to individuals.
(To be continued.)
THE THERAPEUTICS OF LOVE.
MRS. S. M. I. HENRY.
EVERY man must live and breathe in until conscious that every chamber, corri-
the atmosphere which he himself breathes dor, and gallery of the human temple has
out, unless he has learned wisdom, and been washed clean by its purifying tides !
•chooses to inhabit a space wide enough, Nothing is more deadly to any man
«o open to all the winds of heaven, that than himself. The oft-breathed air, laden
his own breath is blown away as it leaves with exhalations from his own body, will
his nostrils, while fresh supplies of air are sooner or later break down the strongest
literally forced upon them with every in- into disease. As the physical is wholly
spiration. dependent on the spiritual for even the
O, the luxury of standing in a strong power to breathe, anything that could
current of sweet air that has never been weaken the hold of Jjody and spirit upon
breathed, and filling one's self with it, each other would have the effect of poi-
7 82 THE THERAPEUTICS OF LOVE.
son; while anything that would bind them which is called disease. Selfishness is
more firmly together would be an anti- disagreement with this power by which
dote, a healer, a life bringer. Such a we live ; love is a free and glad surrender
poison to the whole man, deadly as to it. Love is not only self-forgetful, but
night-shade, is selfishness; and love is self destructive ; for self being the cult
its antidote. of every deadly germ, it can hold out no
This statement is not allegorical; nor hope of health, but makes infirmity sure.
is it to be taken in so spiritual a sense as The first utterance of selfishness is ap-
to make a physical and practical applica- petite ; and its constant demand is for
tion of it impossible. To say that love is anything that will produce a pleasurable
the antidote for this poison from which sensation,— for more and more of it,
all degeneracy of body and mind results, until pleasure becomes pain, the pain
is to state a fact that has to do with the being the warning of nature that the
most unromantic and prosaic phases of poison of self-indulgence has begun to do
common life. its work, and disease is imminent.
The man who knows love — not its coun- Self is the "horse-leech's daughter"
terfeit, but that divine principle which that is never satisfied. Its maw, which is
God is, and by which he has expressed far too large for its stomach, is never
himself in so many wonderful utterances filled. Self is the simpleton, who, although
in both heaven and earth — has discovered often reproved, hardeneth his heart and
the fountain of health. The poison of plunges on to ruin. It is the tyrant under
selfishness can kill love in any life, and whose abuse the human race has been re-
leave it a prey to all disease; while in duced to the condition of a hopeless
turn love can destroy selfishness, and so invalid, the ready prey of every plague
sterilize the fountain of thought that only that can possibly fall on mortal flesh.
health can flow from it. There is nothing that to-day engages
Without selfishness there could never more anxious thought than how to recover
have been any lust; without lust there would from this invalidism. In nothing is there
have been no disease ; and as love is the spent more of time and money, more of
antidote, without love there can be no thought and research, than in efforts to
cure for mind or body ; and the complete- discover the art of healing ; and nowhere
ness of the cure will be in exact propor- has failure been more certain or more
tion to the rise of this healing tide in the pitiful. It means so much to be always
nature of the invalid (pronounce it with ill ', it would mean so much to be always
the accent on the middle syllable for the well.
clearest expression of its meaning in this The successful physician should be far
connection, inwa/id). excellence an evangelist, a bringer of good
Disease is the result of a more or less news ; and his gospel must be love. Any-
wilful lack of adjustment to the power by thing short of this is a travesty on the
which man must live, and move, and have profession, a mockery of both the sorrows
his being. Call this power by whatsoever and the hopes of the afflicted. He should
name you choose, the stern, hard fact re- be able to administer love like a medicine,
mains that if one will not agree with it, if to teach it in its simple purity as he would
it can not be allowed to teach him how to a diet, to inspire the soul to seek after it,
live in perfect health by perfect love, the and to lead the life in living it. The
divine purpose which it expresses must physician who will not do this is un-
sooner or later be uttered in that protest worthy of his holy calling.
THE THERAPEUTICS OF LOVE. 783
Health is an inspiration that must have healing, which, if she had power to see,
back of it an all-absorbing motive,—a she would discover close at hand in the
motive sufficient to lead to the correction principle of unselfishness, or love, the one
of every evil habit, at whatever cost in only divine motive out of which can grow
self-denial. No such motive can be found strength, health, and perfect comfort.
in anything short of that love that will To love ! O really to love ! She is
take one as completely out of self as the dying, not to be loved, but to love. But
young bird is taken out of the shell by the the world would laugh at the thought
energies that have hatched it. But it will that such as she could love, and be
do this every time. It will not make legs healed by it. She may take all manner
for the legless, or eyes for the blind, nor of nostrums ; she may spend a fortune in
will it always straighten the back bent by travel, and accept the most ridiculous
rheumatism ; but it will bring into and theories of treatment, and practise them
send through the entire being a remedial with the earnestness of desperation ; and
tide before which the whole tribe of dis- the world will not laugh. It will only say,
ease-breeding germs must be swept away, " Poor dear ! It is so sad ; but it is really
so that even if the body should remain very touching to see how becoming her
crooked and incomplete, it would be, in invalid costume is." But to love, divinely
all that remained of it, sound and sweet. love, and be cured ! It would be beauti-
Here is a young woman suffering from ful, of course ; but it is not the way of the
ailments, mental and physical, which have world, and hence impossible. Yet there
resulted from the efforts that she has made is no other perfect cure for body and soul.
to win and hold her standing as the belle It would make little difference what she
of the season. Cosmetics applied inter should come to love, after she had first
nally as well as externally ; fashionable surrendered to the One whose name is
dress, parties, the sensationalism of the Love, if it were done unselfishly, as God
dance, the theater, the table ; the passions intended, and as sin has so long pre-
aroused by flattery as well as by malicious vented. It might be a husband ; it might
social rivalry; the irregular habits to which be her heretofore-neglected father and
her life was obliged to adjust itself, have mother; it might be a slum child ; it
at last brought their legitimate compensa- might be a Cause. If she only truly loved
tion. The motive by which she has been after that Christlike fashion, with that ten-
moved is that unadulterated sensation- der, patient, involuntary love that brings
alism which is called pleasure, and she destruction of all self-interest, she would
has filled herself with it until it has come soon begin instinctively to train herself in
to be only pain. Pleasure dead, she has even the most common things of sense,
nothing left to live for, and drops quickly such as eating, dressing, sleeping, and
down into a physical invalidism which is exercise, as well as in faith itself, to the
only the outward expression of that dis- end that she might become able to meet
ease that has long been chronic to the the needs of this responsibility in which
inner life. She changes the round of she had learned to take delight. Every
mirth and gay parade for the pitiful round habit that could be a hindrance to this
of efforts to "get well," through all of love and its holy service would be broken
which she is like one feeling about in the off; weakness would be defied and ig-
dark, or one led by some so-called physi- nored ; strength would, if necessary, be
cian who is, at best, but a blind leader of assumed, and afterward cultivated until it
the blind, in the vain effort to find that became a vital reality.
784 THE THERAPEUTICS OF LOVE.
" I can not be weak ! " would be her Christlike, so ministering a love for hu-
cry. " By all that is at stake in this love manity, such pity for the erring, such ten-
which has become the mainspring of mo- derness for those wounded almost to death
tive, I must be strong ; I must overflow by sin, that disease could not stand before
with vitality ; I must be free from any that love. Many who had not for years
such limitation as disease; I must lay been able even to supervise their homes-
hold of Infinite Strength ! " and accor- were found among the praying women
ding to the genuineness of her surren- in the saloons, or kneeling in the slush
der to love, according to its power in her of the winter's snow upon the streets;
to destroy self-consciousness, would be and, later, in the organized work, went
her ability to throw off disease, and to on from strength to strength, from min-
spring up into health. istry to ministry, their sicknesses forgot-
This has been illustrated again and ten, to be no more remembered only as-
again by events which have gone upon a sort of nightmare of the selfish past,
record as heroic. An invalid mother, while the long-neglected home rejoiced in
bedridden for years, weighed down by a resurrected wife and mother.
the burden of that peculiar form of self- The gentle-hearted Isaiah, in prophetic
ishness that is known as discouragement, vision, had a revelation of the ministry
or heart-break, under the cover of which of this celestial Healer, when he said,
a score of ailments, real enough to satisfy " Loose the bands of wickedness, undo-
any ghoul, had crept in and taken posses- the heavy burdens, let the oppressed go
sion of her flesh,— one day, when there free, break every yoke, deal thy bread to-
came sudden disaster to her child, such as the hungry, bring the poor that are cast
aroused all the love of which God could out into thy house ; when thou seest the
make her capable, so forgot herself that naked, cover him, and hide not thyself
she sprang from her bed in perfect from thine own flesh. Then shall thy
strength, the long-unused muscles re- light break forth as the morning, and thine
sponding without an instant's hesitation health shall spring forth speedily."
to this mighty inspiration which had And this is not sentiment, but science.
come upon her, from which she received It is in perfect harmony with the soundest
power to go about performing almost principles which have ever been demon-
superhuman deeds. strated. Nature will not work under criti-
The history of the great awakening cism. She will not peacefully bear watch-
which resulted in the Woman's Christian ing while she is performing her functions.
Temperance Union is full of illustrations Concentrate your mind upon any organ
of what a touch of genuine philanthropy of the body so as to bring it under the
will do in the body as well as mind of influence of intrusive thought, and you
even a chronic invalid. When that spirit at once throw the whole machinery out
of revelation, called the "Crusade," of that perfect equilibrium which is nec-
threw open the gates of the morning, and essary to perfect health. The action of
deluged the dark places of cruelty with the heart can be changed so that the cir-
light, so that the women of this nation culation of the blood will be disturbed,
saw the great, bleeding, putrefying sore of the respiration will become irregular, di-
the world's misery, many were, at the gestion will be retarded, and every organic
sight, so startled out of their own selfish process will be deranged by meddlesome
brooding over personal ills and ailments, thinking and suspicious brooding over
and there awoke in them so pure, so that strange entity which we call Self;
THE THERAPEUTICS OF LOVE. 785
while any critical analysis of those sensa- ful rhythm, out and in, unembarrassed
tions that make up the vocabulary of self by the impudent intrusion of any sel-
will arouse them to the angry protest of fish thought; but will also, through lov-
pain. Upon the other hand, to forget all ing-kindness for another's need, afford
of sensation, or at best to make of its an inspiration that will never lose its
memory only a basis of sympathy, and to ability to encourage health, vigor, and
concentrate thought and interest upon everything which contributes to noble
anything that can affect the happiness, living; for, "if the Spirit [the Love] of
the comfort, the health, and the life of him that raised up Jesus from the dead
another, will not only leave one's own dwell in you, he that raised up Christ
heart and lungs free to pump away at from the dead shall also quicken your
the regular pace upon which they have mortal bodies by his Spirit [Love] that
mutually agreed — leave the channels dwelleth in you."
open for air and blood to flow, in tune-
THE CHILD.
FRANCES E. BOLTON.
EARTH swung 'neath angels' eyes, In that sad world of old
The one dark world in space. The waking souls were few
Its song was touched with sighs Who heard the story told,
From God's one fallen race. In every age so new.
Men turned blind eyes to heaven.. The shepherds on the plain,
And fashioned gods like man, The wise men, sage and mild,
Nor wist how thus was given Heard the angels' sweet refrain,
A shadow of Love's plan. And came to greet the Child.
The king on throne of gold, Christ was the world's desire,
The slave beside the throne, The one heart filled with love,
Looked forth with need untold. His very robes afire
And sought for One unknown. With virtues from above.
The Janus gates were barred, To touch him mid the throng,
From war was brief release, To touch his garment's hem,
And heaven was newly starred Stanched bleeding wounds life-long ;
For the coming Prince of Peace. Love healed the hearts of men.
For nearer angels came, O Godlike Man and mild,
Like clouds of misty light, The world's still slow to see
Shedding a heavenly flame That the self-lost, love-strong child
Where shepherds watched at night. Is the high Divinity.
Through life's sad mysteries deep, When earth finds her lost place
They heard celestial song, From the course that sin makes wild,
While still the world in sleep There'll shine from each Godlike face
Dreamed on of woe and wrong. The image of Christ, the Child.
HOW THE NERVOUS SYSTEM IS DAMAGED
DURING INFANCY.
v
KATE LINDSAV, M. I).
THE circumference of the average in- this is also the time that determines the
fant's head at birth is thirteen and one- kind of brain and nerves the little one
half inches ; the adult head measures will have in adult life.
twenty-one and one-half or twenty-two This, then, is the time when infants
inches,— again, on an average, of about need the most careful attention as to diet,
eight inches between birth and maturity. feeding, clothing, cleanliness, etc. An
Of this increase, about five inches is added overful stomach, improper diet, worms,
during the first year. In the second year, • fright, slight overheating, a fall, a blow
the head gains from one half to three on the head, the onset of an eruptive
fourths of an inch. During the next five disorder, typhoid fever, a malarial chill,
years, only one inch is gained; and in the teething, or any one of a host of other
next fourteen years, or from the age of causes may so excite the nerve cen-
seven to twenty-one, there is a gain of ters that a nerve storm, or convulsion,
only one inch or an inch and a half. will result. In this abnormal discharge
The infant, in relation to its height, is of nerve energy there is great waste of
one fourth head, while the head of the strength, the little one often lying un-
adult is less than one sixth his height. conscious for hours afterward. Convul-
During the period from infancy to adult sions in infancy and early childhood are
life the brain also doubles in weight, show- also caused by severe congestion of the
ing that at this time the nervous system is nerve centers, tumors, fracture of the
in a specially active state. skull, inflammation, abscesses, blood
It is at this period that the most seem- clots, tubercles, and the many other de-
ingly trivial causes produce the most pro- generations that occasion convulsions in
found results. Not only must the brain the adult. The most common cause,
and nervous system exercise control over however, is the use of improper food, or
the functions of the body, but they must giving more than the digestive organs can
also increase their own structure by the dispose of. The next most frequent cause
formation of new cells and fibers. The is the excessive accumulation of wastes in
bodily structures have not yet become the body, from the failure of the excretory
firmly knit together, and its functions are organs to eliminate them. Many diseases
not performed with fixed method as they due to blood poisoning, as scarlet fever,
come to be after years of exercise. So it measles, etc., give rise to disorder of the
is small wonder if the little body acts in kidneys, and cause convulsions of a very
an irregular way from what seem to be serious nature in both children and adults.
trivial causes. The infant brain is not Rickety children are subject to convul-
an adult brain; it has not reached that sions, because of the disturbed nutrition
state of maturity and fixed habit which of the body. It has been said by a physi-
would warrant a great degree of restrain- cian that "softening of the brain means
ing force over the organs of the body. hardening of the bowels." The damage
It is during this first twelve months of done by constipation simply shows the ef-
rapid development that the brain and fect of poisonous wastes when retained
nervous system are most easily disturbed; and absorbed into the blood.
7S6
BOW THE NERVOUS SYSTEM IS DAMAGED. 787
In early life the nerve centers, or gan- vince any one that the drunkard injures
glia, at the base of the brain are more his intellect and ruins his nerves by every
fully developed than the higher inhibitory, fit of drunken delirium and stupor, but it
or restraining, and regulating centers; and is not so easy to make the mother under-
because of this want of proper guidance or stand that she is damaging her infant's
government, the lower centers often run brain by a similar kind of toxic excite-
away, so to speak, and wear themselves ment when it lies in a stupor from the
out in vain efforts to overcome some mor- effects of an improper meal of food which
bid influence. The writer has followed has undergone decomposition in the stom-
the history of several children, who, when- ach. It is bad to put poisons already
ever their stomachs were misused, during formed into the stomach, as does the ine-
the first months or years of life, would briate, but it is even worse to turn the
have convulsions ; after they had reached stomach into a poison factory by filling it
the age of three or five years they would with unsuitable food, which it can not di-
have sick-headache and an attack of bil- gest, and which, by spoiling, forms alco-
ious vomiting. At this age the higher hol and many other nerve poisons. Even
ganglia are able to regulate the motor a small amount of the ptomair?s produced
nerves of the stomach, so that instead of by spoiled food absorbed by the stomach
producing convulsions of the whole mus- and sent out into the circulation will
cular system, the muscles of the stomach surely result in lasting injury to the brain
and abdomen direct their energies to ex- and nerves, and will also weaken the in-
pelling the mass of decaying food, and by tellect and morals of the person in after
thus ejecting it, much of the foul matter life.
that was retained by the infant is kept out It may seem but a small thing to the
of the circulation. mother to indulge her child in an over-
There are many causes that overexcite amount of indigestible food simply be-
and damage the nervous system, and lay cause it enjoys eating it, and she loves it
the foundation for many nervous disorders so well that she can not bear to deny it
in after life, but yet do not affect it to such anything it craves; but when she sees
extremes as to cause convulsions. Phy- it writhing in convulsions, she is not so
sicians are aware of the evil effects on the ready to take the responsibility of its life,
nervous system of such poisons as alcohol, and risk trying to restore it to a normal
tobacco, tea, coffee, opium, chloral, and a condition. She is very likely to manifest
host of other narcotic drugs. Painstaking her helplessness, and to call frantically on
microscopical investigations of the tissues the nurse, the doctor, or some one else
have been made, to learn what changes to "do something." In after life, when
are caused by these substances in the the child has reached maturity, if he
structure and protoplasm of the cells; shows a lack of nerve or a weak mental
but little has been done as yet toward the and moral nature, how often do the par-
study of the minute structures of the in- ents grumble, and feel disappointed be-
fantile brain with the object of learning cause their child does not meet their
what damage is done to it by the poisons expectations or make a success of life.
generated in the alimentary canal by bad They cruelly tax the victims of their own
feeding or by any other cause potent mismanagement with lack of will power,
enough to excite a nerve storm of such and the ease with which they fall into bad
severity as to produce convulsions or habits, such as drunkenness and licen-
death. It requires no argument to con- tiousness. They forget that they never
788 HOW TJ1E MERVOUS SYSTEM IS DAMAGED.
educated them to deny either appetite or nicotine from the exhalations of some
passion while the brain was yet in the smoker or by the expectorations of a con-
formative stage of development. The sumptive.
only law obeyed at this important period The baby should not be hampered in
of life was the craving of the palate for any effort to use its muscles, either by
forbidden fruit. clothing or by being tied in a cab, high
Next to keeping the body clean and chair, or baby-jumper. It is the inten-
pure within by proper feeding, clean water, tion of nature that the mind should have
and pure air, comes proper rest. Want complete control over the action of the
of rest and sleep leads to insanity in the voluntary muscles. All restriction tends
adult, who requires only seven or eight to interrupt this relation of the intellect
hours of the twenty-four for recupera- over the muscles, and consequently hin-
tion, while the infant needs at least ders the proper growth and development
sixteen or twenty hours of sleep. If of both mind and muscle.
healthy and free from pain, clean, dry, Too much, too little, or tight clothing ;
and comfortable, and let alone, the child nervous excitement, as from being played
will always take this needed rest; but if with by thoughtless grown people; in
it is cramped with colic, pricked with fact, any noise or excitement which will
pins, irritated with rough flannels next prevent the little one from getting its
its sensitive skin, or allowed to lie in wet needed rest, will damage the growing
and soiled napkins till it is chafed and nervous system even more than business
sore, it can not rest itself, or let others fret and worry or excessive brain work
rest. injures the adult nervous system. Never
In the hot summer months care should allow the baby to be stirred up by fright,
be taken to prevent heat exhaustion ; for fear, or anger, or any other strong emo-
it not only damages the nervous system, tion, if it can be avoided. It is a crime
but predisposes to all manner of disease. against humanity for older persons to
When the little one feels the nervous de- incite an infant to anger only to witness
pression and languor due to overheating, the impotency of its rage. Such cruel
sleep may be induced by taking off all the monsters never think of the damage, yes,
clothing and giving a cool or tepid bath. lasting damage, they are doing to the lit-
Many sensitive children suffer greatly tle one whose angel is always beholding
from insect bites. The writer has seen a the face of the loving Father in heaven.
baby have a rise of temperature of over They do not remember what the Saviour
two degrees from mosquito bites. It had said about putting stumbling-blocks in the
not slept for two whole nights, and its path of the little ones.
eyelids were swollen almost shut. A A child should never be handled
soda bath and some wire netting in the roughly, neither should it be taken hold
windows and doors soon relieved the lit- of in an uncertain, timid way, as if one
tle one from its tormentors, and with rest were fearful it would break or be com-
the fever and other symptoms of illness pressed out of shape. Many a nurse or
subsided. mother gives her little charge a nervous
Plenty of oxygen is needed, for more shock every time it is washed and dressed,
of that important element than of any by just such extremes of either rough or
other is required all through life. The timid handling. The infant is weak, and
ventilation of the nursery should be per- feels the need of some one who has strength
fect ; the air should not be poisoned by to protect it. Nothing will soothe the
HOW THE NERVOUS SYSTEM IS DAMAGED. 789
•overexcited nervous system of a tired, food in the alimentary canal is the coun-
fretful baby like taking it in the arms and terpart of the man in a stupor caused by
holding it firmly and gently, while hum- alcohol; both are intoxicated.
ming some quiet nursery lullaby. 2. Overexcitation of the brain, want of
Self-control in dealing with children is sleep, and all kinds of severe mental or
always an important matter. When only physical strain in the adult may be met
a few weeks old, the infant begins to take with in the baby.
notice of what is going on around it; and 3. All overstimulation of the passions
as soon as it begins to notice, it begins to and emotions are dangerous to the infant
imitate. If it is surrounded by pleasant, as well as to the grown man. Anger has
smiling faces, and hears only quietly spo- often killed people, its stunning effects so
ken, pleasant words, it will endeavor to shocking the nerve centers as to stop the
copy them; but, unfortunately, it will action of some important organ. An an-
just as surely try to copy the fretful, gry man is an insane man, and an angry
fault-finding, querulous tones and man- infant is in the same condition.
ners, if it hears and sees them. Remem- 4. To have the developing nervous sys-
ber that happiness and calmness of envi- tem grow in the right direction means that
ronment tend to brain and nerve repose, from the first it should be protected from
to strength of mind and body and morals; harm in its physical structure, and so
while fretfulness and disquietude of the educated that when its growth is com-
surroundings tend to irritate and disturb pleted, the intellectual and moral faculties
the normal growth and action of the in- shall be the rulers, and the emotions and
fant nervous system, and to fix upon the passions the servants of the higher facul-
baby a life-long habit of worry and un- ties. The muscles, as well as all the other
rest. organs, should, like well-trained soldiers,
To sum up the causes of damage to the be so disciplined that they will respond
infant nerves and brain,— to the commands of their superior officers
i. Any poison that irritates the nerve without strain or friction. Then there
and brain structures, and provokes a nerve will be brain and nerve action, but not
storm, followed by the stupor of complete the nerve storms and tempests that lay
exhaustion, is damaging. A baby in a waste and weaken both mind and body
stupor after a convulsion due to decaying and destroy the moral nature.
A FRINGED GENTIAN.
GOD made a little gentian ;
It tried to be a rose
And failed — and all the summer laughed.
But just before the snows
There came a purple creature
That ravished all the hill ;
And summer hid her forehead,
And mockery was still.
The frosts were her condition ;
The Tyrian would not come
Until the north evoked it.
Creator ! shall I bloom ?
— I''.inilv Dickinson.
DINNER NO. J DINNER NO. 2
Seeds, Fruits, and Nuts Seeds, Vegetables, and Nuts
Chestnut Soup Vegetable Oyster Soup
iSee Jan. and A'or. Xos.)
Puree of Corn Apple Macaroni
Nuttose baked with Granola Stewed Nuttose with Tomato
(.SeeMnuXii.)
Ornamental Potatoes
Mashed Split Peas
Mock Chicken Salad Mashed Chestnuts with
Holiday (Net- Xoi^'lllbi-f Ar«.)
Hickory-Nut Crisps
Browned Granose Biscuit with
Nuttolene
Tomato Sauce
Pulp Succotash
Browned Granose Biscuits with
Nuttolene
Beet Salad
menus (.SVf M«u Xu.)
Raisin Granola
with Apricot Dressing
Canned Peaches
Buns Nut Sticks
Nuttolene with Lemon
Orange or Lemon Pie with Popped Corn
Granola Crust Ambrosia
Bananas Pears
Nut Sponge Cake
Orange Baskets tilled with (.See May Xo.)
Roasted Almonds ^ Fruit Mince Pie
Hot Malted Nuts (See April So.)
DINNER NO. 3
Course Dinner with Appropriate Quotations
SOUP
Canned Green Pea with Croutons
Tn fare well implies the partaking of such food as
does not disagree with hotly or mind. Hence only
those i'are well who live temperately.—Socrates.
MEATS (NUT)
Broiled Nuttose
(See Toasted Xuttom; in April Ao.)
Mock Turkey Cold Sliced Tomato Nuttose
The eating of much flesh fills us with a multitude
of evil diseases and multitudes of evil desires.
— Poi'jiliurixr**
VEGETABLES
Potato PurT tseeMai/.\~».) Canned Asparagus
Scalloped Vegetable Oysters Stewed Corn
Lettuce Salad with Nuttolene Dressing
(See Aitf/uitt Av>.)
The oftener we go to the vegetable world for our
food, the oftener we go to the first and therefore
theicheupest supply.— Sir B. W. Richardson.
BREADS
Browned Granose Biscuit Currant Buns
Iflrs. Whole-Wheat Puffs Wafer Sandwiches (See MayNo.)
. €. Behind the nutty loaf is the mill wheel; behind the
mill is the wheat-Held; on the wheut-lield rests the
sunlight; above the sun is Uod.
— James Russell Lowell.
GRAINS
Crystal Wheat Granose Flakes
Rice with Orange
With such a liberal hand has nature flung While yet he lived in innocence.
These seeds abroad, blown them about in And told a length of golden years un-
winds — fleshed in blood,—
But who their virtues can declare ? Who A stranger to the savage arts of life,—
pierce. Death, rapine, carnage, surfeit, and
With vision pure, unto those secret stores disease,—
Of health and life and joy — the food of The lord, and not the tyrant, of the
man world. — Thompson.
NUTS AND FRUITS
Almonds and Pecans Malaga Grapes Canned Pears
Ambrosia Grape Fruit
The wanton taste no flesh nor fowl cin Though all the inhabitants of earth mid air
ehooise. Be listed in the glutton's bill of fare.
For which the urrape or melon it would lot
THE HOLIDAY DINNER.
MRS. E. E. KELLOGG.
IN all times and among all people, din- to tickle their throats, the much-abused
Tier has been considered the chief meal of stomachs were emptied, and the people
the day. Aside from its legitimate use, were in readiness again to devote them-
that of appeasing the wants of hunger, it selves to the pleasure of the palate. One
has been made to serve various political need scarcely be told that such voluptuous
-and social ends in all ranks of life. To a living was most degenerating and degrad-
well-relished dinner has been attributed ing in its influence upon mankind.
many a favorable change in the affairs of Probably nowhere at the present time
state, while many an unfortunate event do there exist any such excessive epi-
has been recorded as the result of an un- curean tendencies as were prevalent among
wholesome or indigestible one. It is well the degenerate Romans, yet it must re-
known to students of history that the gretfully be acknowledged that health is
dinner eaten by Napoleon the Great still made largely subservient to appetite,
just before the battle of Leipsic proved and that far more time and strength than
so indigestible that the monarch's brain would be necessary with fewer and sim-
became confused, his equilibrium unbal- pler dishes, are expended in preparing
anced, and, as a result, the battle was lost. food, the chief merit of which is that it
The dinners of Mohammed II kept the "tastes good." Particularly is this true
whole empire in a state of nervous excite- upon holiday occasions and when guests
ment, while one of which King Philip are to be entertained in our homes The
partook is said to have been the cause of prevalent custom of loading the table at
the revolt of the Netherlands. such times with an elaborate variety of
Whatever the custom regarding the costly indigestibles is neither conducive
other meals of the day, it seems always to to good health nor necessary for good
have been the universal desire to dine cheer. A prominent writer stigmatizes
especially well. Tending toward this end, such a course as " the barbarous practise
the repast long ago outgrew its first simple of stuffing one's guests, indicative of a
estate, and has for ages been made an oc- crude state of civilization." Another
casion for excessive feasting and drinking. aptly says, " The profusion of viands
The service of the meal in courses now heaped upon the table betrays pov-
doubtless originated through the necessity erty of the worst sort; having nothing
of providing some way of managing the better to offer, we offer victuals, and this
great variety of viands furnished for a we do with something of that complacent,
single meal, which, in some past periods, satisfied air with which some more north-
often numbered upwards of one hundred ern tribes present their tidbits of whale
dishes ; instances are recorded where three and walrus."
hundred different articles of food were We have no desire to disparage the
served at one dinner. Hours of time beautiful custom of gathering one's friends,
were devoted to feasting; and when the and neighbors around the hospitable
overburdened stomach could contain no board, but we urge that higner pleasures
more, the feasters retired to a conve- than the mere gratification of the palate
niently furnished room adjoining the ban- be the chief feature on such occasions.
quet hall, where, with the aid of feathers If a special bill of fare is deemed requi-
791
792 THE HO LIDA Y DINNER
site, let it be made up of articles whole- of fare similar to the first given on the
somely simple, easy of digestion, provided following page, chrysanthemums, yellow
without taking the life of any of our fel- and white, were the decorations used.
low creatures. Nature's own aliments — Potted plants encased in frills of white
the seeds, vegetables, nuts, and fruits — or yellow tissue-paper stood before the
afford ample material, and are surely far dining-room windows and upon the side-
more in accord with the feeling of peace boards, while rose bowls filled with loose
and good-will which should prevail at this blossoms adorned the table. Suspended
season. As suggestive of what may be with white and yellow ribbons from the
provided from such material, we offer our electric chandelier just above the center of
readers several menus for a holiday din- the table was a star of the lovely yellow
ner. These have been so planned that blossoms, while at each place lay a bou-
while containing the requisite food ele- tonnitre of white or yellow flowers. The
ments in ample proportion, the different menus, plainly written upon large cards,
viands will sufficiently harmonize in color were hand decorated with crysanthemums
so that with inexpensive but appropriate in water colors, while appropriate quota-
decorations, the dinner may be a sym- tions written upon the back, of which the
phony of color so charming to the eye as following are samples, furnished food for
well as pleasing to the taste that when ac- thought and conversation: —
companied by that "feast of reason and '' The first wealth is health."— Emerson.
flow of soul" which should'characterize " No flocks that range the valley free
all hygienic repasts, the most zealous- To slaughter I condemn ;
devotee of a flesh diet will hardly miss Taught by the Power that pities me,
I learn to pity them ;
the roasts and game, the sweetmeats and
But from the mountain's grassy side,
confections, of the usual holiday menu, A guiltless feast I bring— •
though quite probably he may miss the A scrip with herbs and fruits supplied,
after headaches and malaise so wont to And water from the spring. "— Goldsmith.
follow. " To work the head, temperance must
At one such dinner prepared after a. bill be carried into the diet."— Beecher.
RECIPES.
Chestnut Soup. — Use the large Italian and tart, raw apples sliced very thin,
chestnuts. Drop into boiling water and with scant sprinkling of sugar, and bake
cook in the shells from one half to three until the apples are well done. Serve hot
quarters of an hour, then place in a hot or cold.
oven, and bake for ten or fifteen minutes. Hickory=Nut Crisps. — Mix together
The length of time required will depend thoroughly one and one-half cups of coarse
upon the age of the chestnuts. They graham flour and two-thirds cup of hick-
should be tender and mealy when done. ory-nut meal, made by pressing shelled
Shell and press through a colander, add hickory-nuts through a fine colander or
boiling water to make a soup of the sieve. Make into a rather stiff dough
proper consistency, salt to taste, and sea- with ice-water, knead well, roll into a
son with cream or nuttolene. sheet as thin as brown paper, cut into
Apple Macaroni.— Fill a pudding-dish shapes with a cookie cutter or into squares
with alternate layers of boiled macaroni with a knife, prick with a fork, and bake
RECIPES. 793
on perforated tins until lightly browned Decorated Potatoes. — Prepare and
on both sides bake large potatoes of equal size. When
Raisin Granola. — Into a quart of boil- done, cut them evenly three fourths of an
ing water stir a cupful of dry malted nuts, inch from the end, and scrape out the
and then sprinkle in slowly a pint of inside, taking care not to break the skins.
granola, and cook until thickened. Add Season the potato with salt and a little
a large cupful of nicely steamed raisins, thick sweet cream, being careful not to
and serve hot with a sauce made by rub- have it too moist, and beat thoroughly
bing stewed dried apricots through a fine with a fork until light; refill the skins
colander. with the seasoned potato, fit the broken
portions together, and reheat in the oven.
Orange Pie. —Rub smooth a heaping
When hot throughout, wrap the potatoes
tablespoonful of corn-starch in three table-
in squares of white tissue-paper fringed
spoonfuls of water: pour over it a cup of
at both ends. Twist the ends of the
boiling water, and cook until clear, stir-
paper lightly together above the fringe,
ring frequently that no lumps form. Add
and stand the potatoes in a vegetable dish
one cupful of sour orange-juice, a little
with the cut ends uppermost. When
grated rind, and the juice of one lemon,
served, the potatoes are held in the hand,
with sugar td taste. Lastly, when quite
one end of the paper untwisted, the top
cool, stir in -the well-beaten yolks of two
of the potato removed, and the contents
eggs. Bake with under crust only. Me-
eaten with a fork or spoon.
ringue the top, when baked, with the
whites of the eggs well beaten with a table- Stewed Nuttose with Tomato. — Cut
spoonful of sugar, and a very little grated the nuttose into pieces not over half an
orange peel sprinkled over it. inch square. Cover an inch deep with
tepid water, and simmer slowly until the
Granola Crust.—For one medium-sized
water is nearly evaporated. Season with
pie use three fourths of a cup of granola
salt and a cupful of stewed strained
mixed quickly with one-third cup of rather
tomato to the pint of nuttose.
thick nut cream (made by dissolving nut
butter or nuttolene or almond butter in Mashed Chestnuts. — Prepare and
water). Turn into a pie tin and spread cook as directed for soup. Rub through
with the bowl of a spoon evenly over a colander or mash with a potato masher,
the bottom and sides of the tin. Fill season with salt and cream or nut cream.
and bake. Serve with tomato sauce.
Orange Baskets. —Cut as many oranges
Pulp Succotash.— Rub an equal quan-
as you desire baskets into such shapes
tity of cooked corn and beans through a
that the peel, when the inside is removed,
colander, season with salt and cream or
will form a basket with a handle. To do
nuttolene, and serve.
this, cut around the orange through the
center with the exception of about half an Nuttolene with Lemon.— Mix nutto-
inch on opposite sides for the handle. lene with lemon-juice in the proportion of
Shape the handle from this, and pare one-half cupful of juice to the pound of
away the rind which is not needed. Care- nuttolene, add a half teaspoonful of salt,
fully remove the pulp and juice for other press all together through a colander to
use, and put the baskets in a pan of broken mix thoroughly. Shape into balls, or
ice to keep fresh. Fill the baskets with press and cut in cubes, and serve as
roasted almonds and raisins. cottage cheese.
79 + RECIPES.
Nut Sauce for Potato.— Mix together required, as it should be stiff enough
one-half pound of nuttolene and two and when baked to slice nicely. Serve in
one-half cups of water. Heat to boiling, slices on individual dishes with a small
season with salt, and thicken with two and quantity of dressing and a garniture of
one-half teaspoonfuls of browned flour. parsley or celery leaves.
Canned Green Pea Soup.— Prepare Dressing.— One cup of strained lentils,
this soup according to the recipe given in one cup of strained, stewed tomato, one
the July No., using canned instead of cup of nuttolene cream, browned flour to
fresh peas. thicken. Season with salt, celery, and a
Roast Turkey. — To two cups of lentil little grated onion. Steam before serving.
pulp (prepared by cooking lentils and Scalloped Vegetable Oysters.— Boil
passing through a fine colander) add one two quarts of sliced vegetable oysters in
cup of strained stewed tomato, two eggs, about two quarts of water until very
two cups of walnut meal (made by press- tender. Skim them out, and fill a pud-
ing English walnut meats through a col- ding-dish with alternate layers of crumbs,
ander), one-half cup of granola, one- and oysters, having a layer of crumbs for
half cup of gluten which has been browned the top. To the water in which they
in the oven, the juice of a medium-sized were boiled, add a pint and a half of thin
onion, a little minced celery and pulver- cream, salt to taste, boil up, and thicken
rized sage, just enough to give it flavor, with a heaping tablespoonful or two of
and one-fourth cup of very thick nuttolene flour rubbed smooth in a little cold cream.
cream, with salt to season. The mixture Pour this over the oysters and crumbs,
should be quite stiff, as it will be if the and bake a half hour. If this is not
water is largely separated from the lentils. enough to cover well, add more cream
Place in a common bread tin and bake in or milk. Stewed tomatoes are a nice
a quick oven. If the mixture proves to accompaniment for scalloped vegetable
be thin, a longer, slower baking will be oysters.
BATTLE CREEK SANITARIUM QUESTION BOX.
ANSWERS BY J. H. KELLOGG, M. D.
i. Do you not think that housework is place of systematic gymnasium work. It
one of the most rational forms of exercise is, if possible, advisable to have gymn-,s-
for women who can not have the benefits tics also. The farmer needs this scien-
of a gymnasium ?
tific exercise because he gets all out of
Ans.— I know of no better. It is a shape. When he rests in the field, he
capital means of all-round exercise,— sits on a rail fence, doubled up like a
going up and down stairs, bending over jack-knife, while after dinner he lolls in a
and picking up things, sweeping, reaching bad position reclining in a chair. The
up after things, washing dishes, kneading housewife gets out of shape in the same
bread, scrubbing, washing clothes over a way, by sitting in a rocking-chair, and
wash-tub, and so on. If a woman does stooping when she stands. Gymnastics
this work herself, instead of doing it by are invaluable for all classes.
proxy, as many do, it is good exercise. 2. Are there not free fats in the various-
However, housework does not take the nut foods made here ; for instance, nut-
SANITARIUM QUESTION BOX. 795
lose, nuttolene, and almond butter ? In a person should eat what he needs, and
the almond butter is the free fat entirely he needs more food at one time than at
eliminated ? another; for instance, he needs more
Ans. — The fat in these foods is in a state food on a cold day than on a warm day,
of natural emulsion. There is no free fat and when he is working hard he needs
in almond butter : it is emulsified fat. Al- more food than when he is idle. If he
mond butter is fat in its natural state. takes a day off from his work, he should
3. Can a person who has a prolapsed take off one meal. Most people forget to
liver safely disregard it ? take a meal off from their bill of fare
Ans. — By no means. A prolapsed or when they stop work for a day. Many
dislocated liver is a vastly worse misfor- men who have led active lives on their
tune than a dislocated hip or shoulder. It farms, and have so developed their finan-
is a very serious matter to have one of the cial resources that they can "settle
visceral organs dislocated, for in that case down" and are not obliged to work so
it can not perform its work properly. I hard, forget that they should reduce their
once had a patient who was supposed to bill of fare when they stop manual work,
have an abdominal tumor, but it proved and the result is chronic indigestion.
to be nothing but a floating kidney. A Many a man gets into a condition called
housekeeper who spends her time running "softening of the brain," just because he
around the neighborhood can not keep retires from active work, moves to town,
her house in order ; the same is true of and forgets to diminish his bill of fare.
the kidney or liver. He not only eats too much, but he eats
4. Does the copious use of water in- indigestible food, as the result of which
crease the work of the kidneys, or does he suffers from indigestion, and wishes
it assist them ? himself back on his farm again.
Ans. — Water is the best of all diuretics.
6. Is maple-sugar harmful ?
It stimulates and aids the kidneys in their
work, whereas drugs only excite the kid- Ans. — No ; unless you take too much
neys without really helping them, and of it. But it is unnecessary. Maple-
also impose extra work upon them. In sugar is a food, but not a good food for
such a case, water stimulates the kidneys, man ; it was intended for the nutriment
and aids them in the performance of the of maple leaves and twigs. It was not
extra work required of them. intended for eating; if it had been, it
5. What would be an ideal breakfast would have been provided in a more con-
and dinner for a " hypo " patient ? What venient manner. In order to get it, we
quantity ? have to steal it from the tree. We can
Ans. — If I were a "hypo" patient, I not get it in the natural way, as we get
• should eat a breakfast of fruit and a fruits and grains, the foods which have
small allowance of well-toasted and well- been prepared by the Creator especially
browned zwieback or granose with a small for us. Starchy foods and saccharin
quantity of nuts. For dinner, I should foods contain all the sugar we need. We
take a heartier meal, — an increased find that starch in the process of diges-
amount of these same things. Fruits, tion is entirely converted into sugar, so
thoroughly cooked grains, and nuts form we do not need to add sugar to it.
an ideal diet for a person suffering from 7. There are many face bleaches, such
hypopepsia. As to the quantity, it is as " Recamier," etc. Is there any efficacy
difficult to answer that question, because in these preparations?
796 SANITARIUM QUESTION BOX.
Ans.— These cosmetics contain poi- 13. Whenever I use soap in washing
sons ; some of them contain deadly my face, the skin feels harsh and dry
poisons, and can not be used with safety. afterward, or else chaps badly. What
would you advise me to use in washing
The best cosmetic is good health. Cold the face ?
water applied outside and inside is one of
the best cosmetics the world affords. Ans.— I should dispense with soap, and
use nothing but water. Soap is not neces-
8. Mention the best fruits for a victim sary for washing the face. You may add,
of hypopepsia. if you wish, a little carbonate of soda, or
Ans. — The three best fruits are straw- better, a little borax with distilled water ;
berries, peaches, and grapes. Next come that will cleanse the face thoroughly, be
apricots, baked sweet apples, and stewed perfectly wholesome, and take the place
raisins, which are almost equal to grapes. of soap entirely. Persons who use soap
in washing their hands should be sure to
9. How long before a meal should a rinse it off thoroughly afterward.
bath be taken ? How long after ?
i \. Would not some sort of perspiring
Ans — Half an hour before eating. A process, like the electric-light bath, answer
bath should not be taken within an hour for cleansing the skin of the face, and also
after eating. help the complexion ?
10. I am in the habit of using a few Ans.— Yes ; this is one of the most im-
drops of essence of cinnamon in water to portant agents used by those who make a
rinse my mouth. Is this as good as oil specialty of treating the face, and keep-
of cinnamon ? ing it in the most presentable shape.
Ans.— Yes; it is just the same thing,
15. Would you dare to try raising a
and the practise is a very wholesome one. nervous baby without milk.
11. Which fruits are better for a " hypo" Ans. — Yes. If there is no chance
patient— acid or sweet ? Why ? for the baby to get its natural food, I
Ans. —A person suffering from hypo- should try to raise it on something else. I
pepsia may eat acid or sweet fruits, just should try malted nuts. I believe it is
as he likes. Persons having gastric possible to raise babies entirely without
catarrh should avoid the use of sweet milk. Or. Tanner told me once of a
fruits. Persons suffering with gastritis colony ill Mexico, with which he was at
should avoid the use of acid fruits, as they one time connected, where babies are
seem to cause irritability when introduced raised on corn-milk, and he says they
into the stomach. thrive on it. Crops of corn are continu-
ally coming on there, and they make milk
12. What is the best means of securing of the corn for the babies. Corn con-
firmness of the muscles of the face ?
tains all the elements necessary for food
Ans.— Massage is an excellent means of for children, hence I see no reason why it
developing the muscles of the face. A can not be used for this purpose. Take off
person who becomes weak very often has the brown skin of the corn, bake it slightly
a chap-fallen expression of the face that in the oven, grind it to a paste, and dis-
he wishes to get rid of, and which can solve it in water. It looks like milk and
be removed by the proper application of tastes like milk ; babies thrive on it, as
massage. well as on their ordinary food.
CHRISTMAS POTPOURRI.
THE first Christmas spent in New Eng- stuffed with herbs and sweet spices ; then
land by the Pilgrim fathers was anything the skin was put on again, and the dish
but a festive occasion. According to the borne in to the feast by a lady. Roasted
historian of those days, "Ye 25th crabs, floating in tankards of spiced ale,
day begane to erecte ye first house for were another conspicuous feature.
comone use to receive them and their
goods." We are further informed that
not only did our ancestors spend this The mince pie was known before the
great holiday in hard labor, but they suf- days of Praise-God Barebones and his
fered the added "hardship" of having strait-laced brethren, in 1653.
nothing to drink but water. At least there The name Christmas pie, by which it
were no disgraceful scenes connected with was also known, was obnoxious to Puri-
the first celebration of Christmas in the tanical ears and offensive to Puritan taste.
New World. Selden tells us that mince pies were baked
* * in a coffin-shaped crust, intended to rep-
*
resent the manger in which the Holy
A boar's head, with a lemon in its Child was laid, but more typical, we
mouth, says Aubrey, was a customary should say, of the sacrifice of the lives of
Christmas dish at every gentleman's table his creatures whose epitaph might be
in England up to the time of the civil read in the following toast : —
wars.
A queer story is told of the origin of "All plums the prophet's sons deny,
And spice broths are too hot;
this custom. It is related that a col- Treason's in a December pie,
legian of Queen's College, Oxford, was And death within the pot! "
walking in Shotover Forest, studying Aris-
totle. A boar rushed out at him. With
great presence of mind he thrust the copy The Scottish Reformation changed the
of Aristotle into its throat, completely character of the Christmas celebration in
choking the ferocious beast. Thereafter Scotland. One of the foremost covenant-
the boar's head was served at Christmas in ing divines, in a sermon against Christ-
memory of this feat. mas observances, said: "You will say,
* * sirs, ' Good old Yule day ! ' but I tell you,
#
When Richard II celebrated Christmas Good old fool day ! You will say, ' It is
at Lichfield, two thousand oxen and two a brave holiday,' but I tell you, It is
hundred tons of wine were consumed. a brave belly-day ! " Many of the preach-
* *
ers of those times called Christmas " Pie-
* mass."
In Australia and New Zealand, Christ- * *
*
mas guests must assemble around the In many lowland towns, villages, and
board under a summer sun, and shaded rural districts of Scotland, "Yule bread "
by green trees. is baked Christmas eve. It is called "fat
* *
* brose," and consists of oil and juice
In England in olden times, whole pea- extracted, by boiling, from the head and
cocks were served at Christmas dinners. knee-joints of a bullock, mixed with
The peacock was skinned, roasted, and oatmeal.
CHRISTMAS POTPOURRI.
In Russia all good Christians used to On a small round table was a mountain
observe a fast from animal food before of macaroni and cheese. The cheese
Christmas, and break this fast Christmas was made of coarse sheep's milk and
morning. stung like mustard. There were no plates,
* * forks, or spoons. Knives or fingers were
*
used at will. The second course con-
To the Greek, we are told, the Christ- sisted of dried fruits and nuts. " Resi-
mas season brings no gaiety of heart. nated wine " was served. The resinous
The saying runs, " Stop in bed at Christ- flavor was produced by storing the wine
mas, and put on fine clothes at Easter." in kegs covered inside with resin.
For a month before Christmas every pious
Greek observes a rigid fast. A visitor *
among the common people in the moun- In England the Christmas fowl is " tur-
tains of Greece thus describes a Christ- key for the genteel, goose for the democ-
mas feast in one of the mountain cottages : racy." The esthetic eat neither.
SCATTER YOUR CRUMBS.
ALFRED CROWQUILL.
AMIDST the freezing sleet and snow
The timid robin comes ;
In pity drive him not away,
But scatter out your crumbs.
And leave your door upon the latch
For whosoever comes ;
The poorer they, more welcome give,
And scatter out your crumbs.
All have to spare, none are too poor,
When want with winter comes ;
The loaf is never all your own,
Then scatter out the crumbs.
Soon winter falls upon your life,
The day of reckoning comes ;
Against your sins, by high decree,
Are weighed those scattered crumbs.
THE IMPORTANCE OF DEEP BREATHING.
" 'As we breathe, we live,' is a princi- abdomen, contracts, and becoming hori-
ple underlying and embracing all laws of zontal, presses upon and displaces the
hygiene," says W. E. Gundry in the Her liver, stomach, kidneys, and bowels,
ald of the Golden Age; "for the proc- keeping them all in motion and aiding
ess of respiration involves action and the performance of their processes ; heart
influence of and upon every organ. At action is induced ; the blood, purified in
each inspiration the diaphragm, the divi- passage through the lungs by the in-
sional muscle between the thorax and the breathed oxygen, is heightened in tem-
THE IMPORTANCE OF DEEP BREATHING. 199-
perature and increased in volume, the ary, indoors or in the open air. Imme-
replacement of the outworn tissue com- diate effects are increased warmth of
pleting the circle-action of vital energy. body, more spirited vital feelings, and at
"While many are open-eyed to read first a slight and often imperceptible feel-
this truth and to avoid as well the serious ing of light-headedness, which, however, is
dangers of mouth breathing, yet numbers, but temporary, and due to the quickened
instead of inflating both upper and lower permeability of the blood circulation.
lobes of the lungs with full, deep inspira- "Sir Benjamin Ward Richardson, prob-
tions, breathe with but slight vertical mo- ably the greatest of modern health authori-
tion of the chest, leaving the lower lobes ties, predicted inhalation as the coming
to the decay and disease which inevitably method of medication. Nikola Tesla, the
follow disuse. Hence they are frail and famous Austrian electrician, has in his won-
feeble and below the normal standard of derful 'oscillator' demonstrated the high
health. To consider this important sub- value of vibratory motion as a remedial
ject, and to suggest a method whereby agent. This system, the outcome of pa-
the organs thus lacking in development tient and observant experimentation, com-
may be by an easy education in use raised bines all the high curative and preventa-
to the highest degree of healthful effi- tive effectiveness of the most advanced
ciency, is the object herein sought to scientific methods, and with the manifest
be attained. additional advantages of simplicity, safety,
"Briefly, the mode of procedure is as and self-application. It provides at once
follows : Stand erect, with lips firmly a pleasant exercise for the sedentary, an
closed ; throw the shoulders well back ; invaluable aid to digestion, a natural and
keep the chest well down ; then, having readily increased efficiency of the blood-
the hands at the side, raise them out- making and flesh-forming functions of the
wardly till they meet above the head, at circulatory system, and by reason of the
the same time inbreathing deeply through heightened bodily temperature, the speed-
the nostrils, and expelling this air as the ier elimination per medium of the per-
hands are lowered to their former posi- spiratory ducts, of the effete particles of
tion by the side ; repeat fifteen times, ta- the body cells, thus bringing robust and
king about one second each for lowering hearty health within the reach of all.
and raising the hands. Then with shoul- " Health is normal. Health is abso-
ders still well back, place the palms of the lute. ' There is but one nature, and the
hands on the hips and take deep inspira- part is essentially one in potentiality with
tions at the rate of one a second for two the whole.' The wisest care and fullest
minutes, allowing fullest play the while to upbuilding of the body and its powers is,
the contraction and expansion of the dia- a sacred duty not lightly to be disregarded.
phragm. Repeat the process from twelve Wholeness is health. Health (of body,
to fifteen times daily, walking or station- soul, and spirit) is holiness."
What the World Eats. is the fact that the most important crop
The comparative amounts of food used of the world is not wheat, but pota-
by the principal nations are stated in toes. The average crop of potatoes is
a very interesting statistical article by more than four thousand million bush-
George B. Waldron, in Me Clures Maga els, against twenty-five hundred million
zine for November. The first surprise bushels of wheat, twenty-six hundred
8oo WHAT THE WORLD EATS.
million bushels of corn, thirteen hundred hundred and thirty-three eggs to each
million bushels of rye, and seven hundred person.
and fifty million bushels of barley. Again, our own nation stands at .the
In the consumption of the potato, head in the total consumption of tobacco,
Ireland leads with a daily average of four using two hundred million pounds a year.
pounds a person. However, we do not use so much per
In the use of meats the United States capita as Belgium, Switzerland, the Neth-
stands at the head of the list. Eleven erlands, or Germany.
thousand million pounds are consumed The United States is behind Great Brit-
annually in our country, or one hundred ain in the use of rice, wheat, and sugar.
and forty-seven pounds to each person. In the consumption of beverages there
Of this in round numbers five thousand is marked divergence. Great Britain
million pounds are beef, four thousand drinks more tea than any other country,
million porl^, and eight hundred million also more beer. More coffee is used in
mutton. Great Britain comes next to the Netherlands. Spain leads in the con-
the United States in meat eating, having sumption of wine. The United States
an average of one hundred pounds to the uses enough, however,— one hundred and
inhabitant. Italy uses but twenty-four ten million pounds of tea, seven hundred
pounds of meat per capita. and twenty-five million pounds of coffee,
The United States also leads in the use ten hundred and fifty million gallons of
of eggs, fully ten thousand million being beer, and thirty-eight million gallons of
required in the course of a year, or one wine.
A DYSPEPTIC'S DREAM.
E. M. WINSTON.
O LAND of grease and kitchen slops O, sometimes in my dreams I see
Of roasts and stews and mutton chops, A land 01 health and purity,
Is there no haven here, Soft-ba.ned in heavenly light:
Where we may taste of nature's food, No taint of murder lingers there,
And finding only what is good, Of foul disease, of sin and care,
Eschew those horrors drear? No trace of sorrow's blight.
In dingy troops our cooks all stand, A radiant land ! On crystal streams
Armed with the baleful frying-pan, Fair lilies nod in languorous dreams;
And sizzing o'er the fire, And from each sun-kissed height
They fry the unctuous liver there, We catch of fruit the shimm'ring gleam
And greasy kidney stews prepare, In tints of rose or purple sheen,
For our destruction dire. To tempt our appetite.
God help us all to enter in
A land like this,— fair, free from sin ;
So turning all desire
To what is cleanly, pure, and sweet,
That naught shall tempt save what is meet
To lift our natures higher.
Taking Cold. those who are fond of delicatessen. The
defendant was charged with having had on
The old adage, " Stuff a cold and starve a
his premises, which were devoted to the
fever," is simply nonsense, for a cold is a
manufacture of "all kinds of delicacies and
fever. If it is necessary to starve a fever,
of pure meat extract," forty-four barrels of
it is necessary to starve a cold. Most peo-
decomposing pigs' livers. The manager of
ple who have taken cold keep right on eating
the place, when the premises were invaded
beefsteak, mutton-chops, and roast pork.
by the inspector, insisted that the livers were
This is like adding fuel to the flame, or all good. These livers had been shipped
pouring gasoline, kerosene, or some other
from Ireland to Hamburg, where'they were
inflammable stuff on the fire. Such food used in the manufacture of German sausage.
stimulates the morbid processes at work in There being a surplus of material, this un-
the body, thus making worse the very con- used portion, consisting of fifty barrels in all,
dition that must be remedied; for colds are was sent to London to be converted into
the result of an accumulation of poisons in '• table delicacies " and '• pure meat extract."
the body.
Drinking cold water is one of the best
remedies for a cold coming on. The cold
water stimulates the system, and helps to Cold Tea Delusion.
wash out the poisons. Drink all the water
Various medical journals and newspapers
you can. Another excellent remedy is to
have recently been advocating cold tea as
live on fruit for two or three days, fruit ex-
a beverage for soldiers. No doubt cold tea
clusively, drinking hot or cold water freely,
is less injurious than whisky, brandy,
and perhaps buttermilk for nourishment.
punch, rum, gin, beer, and other alcoholics,
This course will cure an ordinary cold, if
but after all, cold tea undoubtedly be-
taken in time.
longs to the same category as alcohol,
A very good plan, also, is to make hot ap-
opium, and the rest. It is a narcotic. It
plications to that part of the body first af-
lessens the sense of fatigue simply by
fected by the cold. Do not wait until the
paralyzing the nerves which by their sen-
cold has extended all over the body, but be-
sibility give warning that the time has
gin at once. The hot applications or the
come for rest. Tea does not give an in-
hot bath must be followed by cold applica-
creased capacity for work; it lessens nervous
tions or by a cold shower bath, to tone up
sensibility, and thereby leads to imprudence
the system and increase its resistance. It is
in physical effort. Dr. Edward Smith, an
better, if possible, not to use hot water in
eminent English sanitarian, showed long ago
cold weather, but to depend entirely upon
that while one can exercise with greater ease
the tonic effect of cold. The best thing of
under the influence of tea, the succeeding
all is to keep the body in such good condi-
exhaustion is far greater than if the effort
tion that there will be no susceptibility to
had been made with water only.
colds. A cold is always a sign of debilita-
There is nothing more delusive than one's
tion.
sensibilities. To imagine that one is stronger
because he feels stronger is just as likely to
Delicatessen. be an error as for one to imagine that he
A few weeks ago a case was tried in a is safe in the presence of danger because
London police court which ought to be of he feels safe through lack of appreciation of
some interest to flesh eaters, and particularly the risk incurred. There are numerous drugs
802 EDITORIAL.
besides tea that banish the sense of exhaus- narcotic effects are so noticeable in its ordi-
tion. Opium and alcohol do the same, but nary use; even in small doses it lessens vital
effort made under the influence of these drugs resistance, diminishes the sensibility, impairs
is certain to be followed by even greater the judgment, and depresses all the vital
exhaustion than would have occurred had functions.
the drug not been used. These facts afford Nothing could be more absurd than to ad-
food for profitable thought not only by those minister alcohol in any form in case of shock
who regulate the diet and habits of large in railroad accidents, or indeed in any of the
masses of men engaged in vigorous activity, occasions liable to arise in the emergencies
as soldiers in camping, but also by the thou- which occur in connection with such acci-
sands of busy housewives who constantly re- dents. Hot and cold water may be employed
sort to tea to abolish the sense of fatigue and in ways to produce the stimulating effect de-
other discomforts. sired, while whisky can not be so employed.
Tea drunkards are very common in Eng- It is a narcotic from first to last, and it is
land and Australia, and are getting to be not absolutely useless as a remedy in either
infrequent in this country. Tea drinking health or disease.
has been not inaptly termed " small tippling."
The tea toper has but an easy step from the
tea-cup to the punch-bowl. " Indian All Face."
An Indian was asked by a white man who
was muffled up and shivering in the cold,
Whisky and the Emergency Box. "Aren't you cold? " The Indian told him
he was not; he seemed to be happy and per-
A correspondent sends us a clipping from fectly comfortable without clothing. " Why
our excellent contemporary, Men, giving a are you not cold? " asked the white man.
description of the railroad emergency box "Is your face cold?" returned the Indian.
which it is proposed to introduce into the " No." " Well, Indian all face." He was face
railroad branch of the Y. M. C. A. The all over, so there was no occasion for his be-
emergency box seems to be very conve- ing cold. His arms, legs, and body were
niently and completely arranged, containing covered with the same sort of skin as that
splints, cord, rubber tubing, gauze, lint, which covered his face, so those parts were
woolen blankets, bandages, safety-pins, etc. as well protected from the cold as was the
Snugly tucked away among these very ex- white man's face. It is very seldom that a
cellent and necessary articles we notice, white man's face suffers from the cold. Peo-
however, a bottle of whisky and a meas- ple do not take cold by exposure of their
uring-glass, the presence of which indicates faces. There are persons who take cold if
the belief that whisky is an essential article they leave off their gloves, because they have
in emergencies. No greater mistake can been accustomed to wearing them. Such
possibly be made. people have been brought up too delicately;
Whisky is never necessary in an emer- they have been coddled too much, and are
gency. There is always something at hand liable to die early, because they have not had
which can render greater service in every enough of the rough-and-tumble of the world
way than whisky. Recent researches have to be .really fit to live in it.
shown that the administration of whisky is The benefit to be derived from the cold
the worst thing that can be done in cases of weather comes from the toughening of the
collapse, shock, hemorrhage, and other con- skin. The cold air, the cold weather, and
ditions in which this drug is so commonly the constant changes of temperature harden
employed and relied upon as a stimulant. the body, and prepare it for approaching exi-
Whisky is not a stimulant. It is the strang- gencies and emergencies. The same tonic
est thing that it has taken the world so many effects are produced by the cold morning
hundreds of years to find this out, when its shower-bath. People who have become ac-
EDITORIAL. 803
customed to this cold bath during the warm milk, and which contains whatever germs
season notice the results of the treatment were present in the milk? And if not safe
they have been receiving when cold weather for cattle, are these infected products more
begins. They observe that as soon as cold safe for human beings? Bacteriological tests
weather comes on, they begin to have a good have shown that tubercular germs are able
appetite, there is a little higher nerve-tone, to survive for weeks in both butter and
and a rapid gain in flesh and in vigor gener- cheese, hence the mere separation of the
ally. Our friends make a great mistake in skim-milk or of the whey does not remove the
running away from the North too soon ; they risk. Indeed, the very opposite is the case,
leave before they have had a touch of cold for the germs present in milk are found in
weather. But they need this touch of cold greater numbers in the cream than in the
weather to help them in getting their winter milk. It is true that there is danger of in-
constitution. fecting human beings through the infection
of cows by creamery milk. But it must be
equally true that there is an equal danger of
Death in the Milk-Pail. infecting human beings by creamery or dairy
At a recent meeting of sanitpry authori- butter and cheese.
ties in Pennsylvania, there was a discussion Grotenfeld, Wall, Russell, and other au-
of the dairy question from a sanitary and thorities all agree with Dr. Turnbull that "a
public health point of view. Dr. Thomas manufacturing plant where any food is made
Turnbull, of Pittsburg, touched also upon which is more filthy or more unhygienic than
the question of milk products as foods. He our creameries can not be found."
remarked: " I do not know of any particular
food that is filthier than our milk products,
Sport in Killing Things.
as butter and cheese." He further called
attention to the fact that creameries are Just now hunters are reveling in sport, so-
the direct means of communicating disease called, as the game-laws permit the shooting
through cattle. of wild deer and antelope. It is said that
The way in which creameries cause disease more than four thousand hunters have crossed
in cattle is by the return of the "skim-milk" the straits of Mackinaw this year, going north
to the farmers to be fed to their calves and with guns over their shoulders and murder-
other stock. The milk of numerous herds ous bullets in their pouches. Fortunately,
being mingled, it is almost certain that the the instinct which God put into the dumb
mixed milk contains tubercular germs, and brutes for their protection when he said to
these may be a vehicle for communicating Noah, "The fear of you and the dread of you
the disease to cattle, and through them to shall be upon every beast of the field,"has
human beings. led the deer to seek safer quarters farther
This fact has long been recognized by north ; consequently the deer are so scarce
sanitarians. The State Board of Agriculture and the hunters so thick that when a man
of Pennsylvania some time ago issued a cir- shoots at a moving object in the distance
cular giving instruction respecting the pre- with a long-range rifle, he is almost as liable
vention of the spread of tuberculosis, in to hit a hunter as a deer. Good luck for the
which it is recommended that farmers do deer, but bad for the hunters. Nevertheless
" not feed skim-milk from creameries to cat- the hunters go out to kill, to shed blood; and
tle." It is declared that creamery milk is a to kill a man must be very much more excit-
"direct source of tuberculous infection." ing than to kill a deer.
This recommendation is certainly wise. This whole killing business is not sport; it
But how about the butter and cheese? If is murder. How contemptible the attitude of
the milk is not fit for cattle to eat because of a man who might be engaged in some useful
infection, would it be safe for the cattle to active employment worthy of his intellect
eat the butter or the cheese made from the and abilities, but who instead sneaks up be-
804 EDITORIAL.
hind an innocent and inoffensive, meek-eyed of its functions the duty of destroying poi-
antelope, and plants a bullet in its brain or sons, is overwhelmed by the immense quan
heart. tity of toxic substances brought to it in the
What is the fascination about this bioody portal blood. The incessant and exaggerated
sport that leads men to endure such hard labor required of it exhausts it, and it be-
ships and run such risks to participate in comes chronically incapacitated for work.
it ? If it is the delight of killing some- When to these poisons is added a consider-
thing, why not make a visit to the slaughter- able quantity of half-digested proteid matter,
house, and kill a few calves or sheep, at less which must likewise be treated as so much
expense and trouble ? The fact is we are toxic substance, it is no wonder that the liver
dreadfully depraved. There is a murderous breaks down.
instinct in our hearts, a vein of ferocity akin It must be remembered that the liver is a
to cannibalism, which may be the vestige of closed door to poisons, while the kidneys are
the barbarism of our forefathers who roamed an open door. So long as the liver-door is shut,
the British Isles in a state of savagery twenty toxic substances absorbed from the alimen-
centuries ago. And so long as we tolerate tary canal can not get access to the general
this killing of inoffensive animals for mere circulation. The kidneys are thus protected
sport, we may expect to see the newspapers from the injurious influence of contact
teem with accounts of murders, shooting and with these poisonous substances. But when
cutting affrays, and like exhibitions of the the liver-door is broken down as the result
same brutal instinct. Which way are we of long-continued indigestion, especially by
going ? Are we becoming more civilized, the free use of flesh foods, which add to the
more tamed, more amiable and gentle, fra- poisons of the human system those produced
ternal and peaceful, or are we reverting to the in another animal's body, and at the same
uavage type ? time furnish material out of which the largest
possible amount of poisons may be produced
in the alimentary canal, the resistance of the
The Cause of Bright's Disease. liver is destroyed, and as the result such
That Bright's disea.se is rapidly increasing large quantities of poisonous matters are
is a question concerning which there is no poured through the kidneys into the urine
doubt in the minds of observing medical men. that degeneration takes place in these organs
The cause of the increase of chronic Bright's as the result of their contact with these in-
disease is a subject that has been much dis- testinal toxic substances.
cussed, and variously attributed to climatic The researches of Bouchard, Rogers, and
conditions, alcohol, tobacco, and so on. It is others point very conclusively to the failure
more probable, however, that, as Dr. Gus of the stomach and liver as the primary causes
Johnson has suggested, real degeneration is a of Bright's disease. First the stomach fails,
consequence of long-continued elimination then the liver breaks down, then the kidneys
of the products of faulty digestion through collapse, then come heart disease, dropsy,
the kidneys. and death. The use of tobacco and alcohol,
Fothergill affirmed that the starting-point and excesses of all sorts, by impairing diges-
of Bright's disease is liver incapacity. These tion and breaking down the general resist-
two conditions are closely related. When ance of the body, prepare the way for
the stomach fails properly to elaborate the Bright's disease as well as for other chronic
food, and when the fermentations taking maladies. Bright's disease may be fairly
place in it are producing quantities of poison- considered simply as nature's penalty for
ous substances, such as ptomains and toxins, Thanksgiving dinners, Christmas and New
the blood is flooded with these dangerous Year's feasts, and other forms of gormand-
substances, and the liver, which has for one izing.
THE A B C OF SENSUALISM.
THE real root of the sins of gluttony and of fare, eating is the chief end of life.
dyspepsia lies in eating for the. purpose of Most people, it would seem, eat just to have
enjoying one's self. Mother gives Johnnie a good time, and irrespectively of their phys-
another piece of pie, not because he needs ical needs. The horse knows better; he
it, but because he smacks his lips and says shows more judgment; he exercises "horse
it is good, and because she thinks he will sense." The majority of men and women
have a good time eating it. This is the would be infinitely better off if they used
A B C of sensualism. Thomas K. Beecher, "horse sense" in relation to their eating.
of Elmira, N. Y., once said that when he The horse eats food that is suited to his
was a small boy, his aunt used to give him digestive organs and his needs, not merely
mince pie; then, when it made him sick and for pleasure, but for the nourishment and
she saw that he looked pale and ill, she support of his body. We eat this, that, or
would say, " Tommie, you look real pale; the other thing simply because we like it,
just go into the pantry and get a piece of and not because of its nutritive properties or
ginger cake." He felt bad, and she did not its blood-making properties ; we do not ask
know what else to do, so she gave him some- whether it will put strength into our muscles ;
thing to eat. what we want to know is, whether it will
People used to think that when a man was tickle our palates while it is slipping by. So
sick he needed something unwholesome to we give our stomachs an unknown quantity
eat. The thrifty housewife stored away a of work to do by sending down into them all
quantity of preserves, brandied cherries, and sorts of rubbish, merely for the sake of a
jellies so as to have them in readiness if momentary sensation.
some member of the family should happen When a man is brought where he is obliged
to be ill. An old friend of mine, who was to use his common sense, he turns his back
very fond of pie and cake, came home late upon all such foolishness in regard to eating.
one night and found that his wife had re- Suppose he is preparing to start for a mining
tired. Discovering no pie in the pantry, he region; what does he do? He knows that he
went to the door of his wife's room and must carry his food on his back long dis-
called out, " Mary, where is the pie? " tances, over glaciers and in the coldest cli-
Mary replied, " I am very sorry, John, but mates, hence he selects the food which is
there is no pie in the house." Returning the most compact, and which at the same
to the pantry, he made a search for cake. time affords the most nourishment. But we
Finding no cake, he again sought the cham- should apply this rule to every-day experi-
ber door, and shouted, "Mary, where's the ence. God made man for work ; he made
cake? " Mary very reluctantly confessed him to have a good time, but to have a good
that the supply of cake was also exhausted. time in doing good to others and in being
The old gentleman then cried out in stern busy. You do not find birds, rabbits, or
tones, "Why, Mary, what would you do if squirrels loafing around. All creation is
some one should be sick in the night? " doing things,— fulfilling missions, carrying
The majority of us are laboring under the out the Creator's commands. Man alone
delusion that food is a sort of universal pana- perverts the natural order, and turns away
cea. If a man happens to lose his appetite, from wholesome living. He turns away
perhaps because he has eaten twice as much from the "ambrosia of the gods,"—the de-
as he needed at the previous meal, he becomes lightfully flavored and nourishing fruits,
frightened, imagines he is going to die shortly, grains, and nuts that the Creator has given
and calls upon his doctor to give him some- us,— to kill and devour his fellow creatures.
thing to create an appetite. So long as he And the root of all this evil lies in eating
can eat, he imagines that he is all right. If for the sake of gratifying the appetite,— in
one may judge from the ordinary hotel bill living to eat instead of eating to live.
805
THAT AWFUL STOOP.
PROBABLY the majority of civilized men tient has remained for hours daily in a
and women are round shouldered or flat and doubled-up position, sitting at his work,
hollow chested, which means the same thing, reading, or contemplating his dismal future.
and sit, stand, and walk with the shoulders This peculiar attitude and the bodily shape
drooping, the chin hanging forward, the described, signify the presence of enterop-
chest sunken. It is probable also that not tosis, or prolapse of the viscera, especially
one in a hundred appreciates the injury of the stomach and colon, and are the cause
that results from this deformity; for de- of a vast number of chronic neurasthenic
formity it is. and dyspeptic symptoms, which may be at
Many a physician is worried almost out of once alleviated by putting the prolapsed
countenance with the patient who continually organs in place and retaining them there.
comes back to him with the same complaints, This may be done by properly directed mas-
no matter what the name or nature of the sage, by the use of a suitable abdominal sup-
remedies he prescribes. No change of pre- porter (those in common use are of little or
scription, no combination of remedies, proves no account in these cases), and by the em-
of any permanent value. Worn out with ployment of a well-selected course of gym-
theorizing about the case, the doctor finally nastic exercises to restore the tone of the
cuts loose from all speculation, and simply weakened muscles, and thus enable the pa-
brings his professional guns to bear ad tient to hold himself in a correct attitude
seriatim, without special regard for the na- in sitting, standing, or walking. Electricity
ture of the ammunition he uses, provided the can render valuable service in the develop-
patient is satisfied, and taking reasonable ment of weakened spinal and abdominal
care that no serious harm is done. To the muscles, especially the sinusoidal current,
humiliation of our medical philosophy, it slowly alternated. Massage must be ad-
not infrequently happens that the patient ministered daily, and care must be taken
does as well or better, under this bombard- to restore the prolapsed organs completely
ment of miscellaneous or inert remedies as to their normal position.
under the most carefully compounded pre- Not infrequently a movable or floating kid'
scriptions. ney will be found an added factor in pro-
What is the explanation of this too com- ducing palpitations, headache, backache, and
mon state of affairs ? — It is simply that the a vast number of other neurasthenic symp-
cause of the patient's malady has not been toms. Each viscus must be returned to its
reached. In a vast number of these peri- proper place, and the patient must sit and
patetic valetudinarians, who wander about stand with the hips held well back, the chin
from one physician and one medical institu- drawn in, the chest held up and carried well
tion to another, the real difficulty may be forward, and must not relax completely while
discovered by simply noting the patient's at- in the erect position. This attitude will at
titude as he stands or sits. Observe his first be found very tiresome. It may be the
" doubled up " position. When he sitsdown, patient can not hold himself erect more than
he shuts himself up like a pocket- knife. There a few minutes because of muscular weakness.
is a hump in his back, a flat chest, a sunken In such a case, resort must be had to artifi-
stomach, and if you make him undress, you cial aid. A combined abdominal and shoulder
will find a protruding abdomen. A careful supporter, connected by elastic webbing, may
examination will very likely reveal deep be so arranged as to give the patient just the
wrinkles across the body at the waist, and help he needs, which is not rigid support, but
on the spine opposite a perpendicular row of suggestive support, and a little help, so that
brown spots, each marking the location of a the muscles may not be at once exhausted
spinous process which has been pressing with their task. »,
the skin against the seat-back while the pa- For some years the writer has made use
806
EDITORIAL. 807
of the means described in dealing with a man was transformed from an emaciated,
large class of chronic invalids, and with despairing neurasthenic to a plump, healthy,
most gratifying success. A patient who had vigorous man, and resumed his business as
exhausted the skill of the best nerve special- U traveling salesman, although he had been
ists in this country, and had traveled abroad, the despair of half a score of able physicians.
was cured in a few weeks by simply being It is the writer's custom to examine care-
made to stand and sit correctly. He has fully the whole trunk in every case of
remained in health for the last five years. chronic disease, to notice especially the
Another patient said to the writer, when position of the viscera, and to look out for
fitting an abdominal supporter, "What a wrinkles in front and "corns" on the back,
fool I have been not to think of that before! as we sometimes call them in our attempt
I have been going around for the last three to impress the patient with the need of an
years with my hand in my pocket to hold my immediate and earnest effort to reform his
belly up." In less than three months the attitude.
THE CAUSE OF OLD AGE.
A FEW weeks ago we received from a sub- donkey frequently lives from fifty to sixty
scriber to GOOD HEALTH a newspaper clip- years, notwithstanding the bad usage to
ping entitled "Old Age Is Curable." The which he is subjected. Herbivorous animals
writer of the article referred to maintains are generally longer lived than carnivorous
that old age, which is known to all physiolo- animals.
gists to be directly due to a degeneration and The cause of old age is not the presence
shriveling of the arteries, may be cured by of earthy salts in the food, but the accumu-
the administration of acid phosphates and lation of waste matters in the body. Under
other drugs, and especially by discarding the influence of these poisons, nutrition is
the use of vegetables. French physiologists impaired, the ordinary functions of life are
long ago pointed out the fact that a man is disturbed, and the arteries, as well as other
as old as his arteries ; that is, so long as a tissues, take on degenerative changes, and
man's arteries remain soft and elastic, he result in an atheromatous or a calcareous
can not be said to be old. condition. The smaller branches of the
There is, no doubt, great truth in this arteries shrivel up, thus interfering with the
assertion, but the practical point is : How circulation of the blood through the organs
may this hardening and consequent shrivel- of digestion and the heart itself, and the
ing of the arteries be prevented ? in other mental and physical feebleness of old age
words, how may old age be held at bay ? supervenes, until finally some essential
The theory advanced by the writer of the vital process fails altogether, and death
article referred to is that hardening of the occurs. It is not an excess of salts in the
arteries is largely the result of the use of foods which gives rise to this atheromatous
vegetable food, which is said to contain a condition, but rather the disturbance of the
larger proportion of earthy salts than flesh nutritive processes that results from the
foods. This idea, however, is strictly theo- overaccumulation of tissue poisons. It is
retical, and no proof whatever is presented for this reason that degeneration and old
for the assertion made, while on the other age occur much more quickly in the dog fed
hand there is plenty of proof to the contrary. upon meats than in the dog or other animal
The elephant, which lives upon coarse vege- fed on vegetable foods. The Pampas In-
tables, the ash of which contains a large dians of South America live almost wholly
amount of earthy salts, is a very long- upon flesh. They spend their time chiefly
lived animal. Elephants have been known on horseback, and seem to be quite vigorous,
to live two hundred years. So likewise the but are very short-lived.
8o8 EDITORIAL.
The writer has met a number of cases of adapted to the use of cereal foods ; he has
atheroma of the arteries, and in some he a saliva capable of quickly converting starch
found this condition present in persons who into sugar ; his teeth are suited for masti-
had only reached middle age, but no case cating or grinding cereals ; he has pancrea-
has ever been observed in which this condi- tic and intestinal juices for the digestion of
tion was present in a person who had habit- starch in the intestinal canal,— his whole
ually abstained from the use of flesh food. structure indicates his adaptation to a diet
There is no more reason why a diet of grains of fruits, nuts, and grains. On the other
should produce atheroma in a man than in hand, there is nothing whatever about his
a horse or an ox. Neither of these animals bodily structure which indicates that flesh
suffers from atheroma, or premature old age, enters naturally into his dietary to any ex-
unless abused. tent. These theories have no foundation in
Man's alimentary canal is admirably sound science.
ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS.
Coated Tongue.—M. E. W., Alabama, wishes must be applied in such cases. Not infrequently
to know why she can not get rid of a coated tongue. itching of the anus is due to threadworms, which
She has adopted health principles, but the coat on
the tongue still persists. must be destroyed or removed by thoroughly emp-
tying the colon with a large enema, then introdu-
Ans.— A coated tongue usually means a dilated
cing a quart of a decoction of quassia, made by
or prolapsed stomach. It always means an in-
boiling four ounces of quassia chips in water.
fected stomach, and not only an infected stomach,
but a diseased body. Germs can not grow on or
Wild Hairs. — A little boy is greatly troubled
in a thoroughly healthy body. It is only when the with wild hairs in the eyelashes, as many as one
tissues and the blood are so deteriorated that they hundred and twenty-five having been drawn at one
have lost the power to render themselves inhos- time. Can you suggest a remedy?
pitable to microbes, that the tongue becomes Ans.— A surgical operation is doubtless needed.
coated. A coated tongue is simply a tongue cov-
ered with a growth of germs. Potatoes and Fruit.—A. R., Michigan, asks
if potatoes are vegetables, and if they agree well
Peruna. — O. J., Ohio, asks to know our opin- with fruit.
ion of Dr. Harter's Peruna. Is it beneficial for Ans.— Yes, potatoes are vegetables. They do
catarrh of the stomach? not ordinarily agree well with fruit in persons who
Ans, — We never recommend nostrums of any have slow digestion.
sort.
Child and Adult.— A subscriber in Illinois
Itching—Thick Mucus — Itching of the wishes to know if it is injurious for a child to sleep
Rectum.— N. M. ; Michigan: "I. What is the with an adult, and if so, why.
cause and cure of an almost unendurable itching of Ans.— For perfectly hygienic conditions during
the head and back of tha neck, afterward breaking sleep, each individual should sleep alone, not be-
out into a fine rash? 2. Can there be a discharge
of thick white mucus when only the bronchial tubes cause one person draws vitality from another, but
are affected? 3. What will cure itching of the because of the excretions thrown off by the body
anus? " during sleep, thus creating a poisonous atmosphere
Ans.— I. Probably an erythema, very likely ari- beneath the bed covers. The poisons eliminated
sing from indigestion. by one may be absorbed by another or reabsorbed
2. Yes. by the same individual. When two occupy the
3. The cause must be ascertained. Generally same space, the contamination of the air must be
very hot water (temp. 140°) will afford temporary doubled.
relief. The most convenient method of application
is by a sponge or a soft towel saturated and held
Dyspepsia. — I. E. B., Ohio: " i. Would you
against the part. In some instances the itching is recommend glycerin and hot water to be taken be-
due to leucorrhea of the rectum, the skin being irri- fore meals for stomach trouble? 2. Is Bass's Pale
tated by an acrid discharge. Internal treatment Ale good for one suffering with dyspepsia? "
ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS. 809
Ans.— I. No, on general principles. Stomach" that he has dilatation of the stomach,
2. Yes, good for nothing. Alcoholic beverages and asks (I) if milk is injurious, and (2) if three
pints of water a day is too much.
are, of all, the most undesirable for a person suffer-
Ans.— I. Milk is almost universally unwhole-
ing from indigestion.
some in cases of dilatation of the stomach, and
Dreams. — B. C. M., Massachusetts, an old man, in many cases its effects are those of a poison.
is troubled with dreams, and would be thankful to 2. The quantity of watei taken daily must be
know how to stop them. regulated by the quality of the food. If one's
Ans. — Sleep soundly. A good way to secure food consists largely of fruit, the amount of water
sound sleep is to eat nothing later than 3 o'clock required will be small. If food is taken in a dry
P. M. Take a warm bath, 95°, for half an hour or state, three or four glasses of water daily, taken at
an hour just before retiring. If necessary, a moist proper intervals after meals, will be advantageous.
abdominal bandage may be applied to the trunk.
If the head is hot, raise the head of the bed six
inches. If the body becomes cold during sleep, Lame Feet. — An old lady in Maine, being
raise the foot of the bed to the same extent. troubled with lameness and tenderness of the feet
and ankles, desires to know the cause and cure.
Spectacles —Constipation.—C. H. T., Illi- Ans,— It is impossible to say with certainty
nois : "I. Would you recommend a young per- what is the difficulty in this case. The trouble
son of sixteen years, who has weak and inflamed may be flat-foot, or it may be chronic rheumatism.
eyes, to use glasses ? If so, what kind ? 2. What
foods would be best for a person troubled with
constipation, to produce fat rapidly ? " Cost of Healthful Living — Bromose for
Ans.— l. Certainly, if glasses are needed, not Babies. — A. P. K., Ohio, asks: "How much
otherwise. An occulist (not an optician) should be would it cost an ordinary man to live on health
foods ? He has lived for months at a time on
consulted to ascertain what sort of glasses are six cents a day. 2. Can one live on that food
required. for an indefinite length of time ? 3. How can
2. Nuts, fruits, and grains, especially nuts, or bromose be prepared for a baby one year old ?
rather nut preparations, as nuts in a raw state are 4. Where can it be obtained ? "
usually somewhat indigestible. Ans.— l. This would depend on the kind of
food taken, and whether or not food is purchased
in quantities at wholesale rates, or by the package
Immediate Reform — Pain in Side.— at retail rates. We shall be glad to have the
W. H., Ontario, a switchman, asks: "I. \Vhich
is better for a hard, habitual drunkard, to cease gentleman give us a description of his dietary for
drinking at once, or gradually ? 2. Are hurtful the benefit of the readers of GOOD HEALTH.
effects likely to follow a sudden stopping ? 3. 2. Yes.
Please suggest cause and treatment of pain in the 3. Simply dissolve in water, boil ten minutes, and
right side, almost continuous and of several years'
standing, and sometimes involving the whole side. feed from a bottle.
It is more acute under disappointment, but lessened 4. Of leading grocers.
by pleasure."
Ans.— I. We have no faith in the gradual reform
Burning of the Feet — Dyspepsia.—
process. It is almost certain to fail. The J. R. W., New Jersey : " i. What will cure
drunkard, as well as the opium taker, may drop burning and smarting of the feet ? What will
the use of his drug at once without risk. take the soreness out of bunions ? 3. What diet
should be used when one can not drink anything
2. Yes. but milk, and that can not be used with oatmeal ?
3. Probably floating kidney. Dry foods appear to agree best."
Ans.— i. If the difficulty is due to chilblains,
Tenderness of the Scalp.—W. E. A., Cali- which would seem to be quite likely, they may be
fornia, wishes a remedy for tender scalp, which is cured by bathing the feet in hot and cold water
thought to cause falling of the hair. The case alternately just before going to bed at night.
is quite serious, the patient fearing all the hair
will be lost. There is no eruption, but some Place the feet first in cold water for fifteen
dandruff. All remedies have failed. seconds, then hot water the same length of time,
Ans.— Apply a mixture of even parts of alcohol then reverse, and so continue five or six times.
and castor-oil ; shampoo with castile soap twice 2. Soaking in hot water, and relief from
a week. pressure.
3. Thoroughly cooked cereals, as granose,
Dilatation of the Stomach.—C. M. M., granola, browned rice, crystal wheat, in addition
New York, has concluded from reading "The to malted nuts, nuttolene, and similar nut prep-
8io ANSWERS TO CO-RESPONDENTS.
arations. You will probably be able to take nuttolene. Butter, milk, coarse vegetables, etc.
malted nuts dissolved in hot or cold water in the must be avoided. Buttermilk and kumyss are
place of milk. sometimes useful.
2. Free water drinking, fomentations to the
spine, and vigorous friction to the skin may be use-
Soda- Water. — A subscriber in Mississippi asks
if soda-water is injurious, and if so, why. fully employed in such a case.
Ans.— The soda-water itself is not harmful,
but the variously flavored syrups used are objec- Distressed Stomach. —A subscriber in Michi-
tionable. gan inquires: ''How do you account for a condi-
tion of the stomach which is not distressed by
meats, vegetables, warm bread, pickles, or even
Glucose—Saccharin—Water-Lice —Feed mince pie, and yet for five years has been distressed
ing the Baby. — H. G. L., Kansas : '• I. Is pure by a moderate use of ripe sweet apples, oranges,
glucose unwholesome ? 2. How does it compare fresh strawberries, prunes cooked without sugar,
with cane-sugar ? 3. Is saccharin manufactured etc.? After two months' diet of dry toast, granose,
from coal-tar unwholesome ? 4. Is the presence a few vegetables, oatmeal, boiled rice, wheat grits,
of water-lice or wigglers in cistern water proof nut foods, and a free use of charcoal tablets, fruits
that the water is unfit to drink ? 5. Please give of any kind cause acid eructations and heartburn.
a reliable test for water. 6. How often should Ans. — The trouble is probably with the combi-
a twenty-two-months old baby be fed ? 7. If nations. It is possible, however, that gastritis may
he sleeps beyond the usual time for feeding, should be present, a disease in which even a small amount
he be wakened ?
of fruit acids sometimes gives rise to the symptoms
Ans.— I. Yes ; in the writer's opinion it is.
mentioned. The case should be investigated care-
2. Cane-sugar is produced in the natural process
fully. An examination of the stomach fluid ob-
of plant growth for the use of human beings;
tained after a test meal should be made, and the
glucose is manufactured by a chemical process'
patient should, if possible, have the benefit of a
3. No. few weeks' treatment in a sanitarium.
4. Yes, most certainly.
5. There is no domestic test for water, which
is thoroughgoing. Send a sample to the Battle Deafness. — Mrs. J. P., Massachusetts: "My
Creek Sanitarium laboratory for examination. son, twenty-one years old, has been troubled with
defective hearing in one ear since he was six years
The cost will be $2. It requires a powerful old. Last winter he complained of a cold, uncom-
microscope and other apparatus to make a proper fortable feeling in his other ear, and began putting
examination of water. cotton into it. I. Do the symptoms in the other
ear indicate rapid loss of hearing? 2. Would mov-
6. Once in about five hours, according to the ing into a more healthful climate affect the good
quantity and kind of food given. ear favorably? 3. Would anything that would in-
7. Yes, unless the child has been so much de- crease his general health retard the disease in the
prived of sleep that it requires that more than food. ear? "
Ans.— 1. Possibly.
2. Possibly, but it is more than likely that the
Garlic. — F. R., Wisconsin: " I. Is garlic a disease in the ear is catarrhal in character, and re-
healthful vegetable? 2. Is it not true that there is
very little sickness among the Hebrews who con- quires local treatment.
sume large quantities of it? 3. Is not their fair 3. Improvement of the general health ought to
complexion due to its use? " produce a favorable effect upon the deafness, but if
Ans.— I. No. special local treatment is required, nothing else can
2. The Hebrews do not eat pork, and have many be substituted therefor.
other healthful practises.
3. No.
Diet for Dyspeptic.—A boiler-maker wishes
a prescription for diet. He has a gnawing appe-
Catarrh of the Stomach — How to Sweat.— tite, faint spells, is addicted to the use of tobacco,
T. T., Pennsylvania, wishes directions for treat- tea, meat, etc. ; can retain no food or medicine in
the stomach.
ment of catarrh of the stomach. 2. What will in-
duce sweating? He suffers severely with the heat, Ans.— Stop the use of tobacco, meat, tea, and
but can not perspire. all other unwholesome foods. Take malted nuts,
Ans.— I. The treatment of catarrh of the stom- or granose, or the two together. Try fruit juice,
ach is, first, correct diet. Fats, meats, fried foods, boiled rice, parched corn; avoid beef tea, animal
all indigestibles, should be avoided. Granose, broths, and all animal food. Apply fomentations
granola, malted nuts, browned rice, and similar over the stomach for fifteen minutes three times
foods must be used, also well-cooked fruits and daily.
LITERARY NOTICES.
THE November Atlantic throws a strong and The Peace Commission in Paris is described and
valuable sidelight upon many of the questions in- illustrated in the November Magazine Number of
volved in the recent acquisition of new dependencies the Outlook by a staff correspondent in Paris.
by the nation, in the opening paper by David Starr The article contains biographical sketches of both
Jordon on our past and present management of the American and the Spanish Commissioners',
Alaska. Upon educational questions, in which the with portraits of most of them. Jacob A. Riis,
Atlantic is always strong and interesting, the num- the author of " How the Other Half Lives,"
ber offers three valuable papers. Hamilton \V. contributes a graphic article concerning the New
Mabie pays a judicious and well-deserved tribute to York Police Department. Mr. Riis has had ex-
the activity and energy of the great West in pro- ceptional acquaintance with the methods of the
moting educational culture by schools and associa- Department, and tells the story of many individual
tions ; Professor Miinsterberg shows that the proper deeds of heroism with'enthusiastic praise. Edward
attitude of psychology toward art is to analyze and Everett Hale gives in this issue the eleventh in-
interpret the creations of the latter and the recep- stalment of his u Tames Russell Lowell and His
tive emotions produced by them ; and three school Friends," which will be concluded in the Decem-
superintendents detail many of the most crying ber magazine issue. It deals chiefly with LowelPs
evils of the public-school system, and indicate the life in England when he served as United States
remedies in matters which vitally concern the whole Minister, and is fully illustrated. Paul Bourget, the
community. The lessons of the action of our navy famous French essayist and novelist, is the author
in the late Spanish War are brilliantly discussed by of a notable story, entitled " Antigone," which por-
Ira Nelson Hollis, whose forecast last June attracted trays with exceeding charm a gracious and lofty
so much attention. John Muir's "Wild Animals personality. Among the illustrated articles in this
of the Yosemite," interspersed with lively snake number are a picturesque account of a visit to the
and bear stories, is one of his most characteristic country of Sitting Bull, by Rosa T. Shelton, with
and entertaining papers. The instalment of the many striking pictures of Indian life from original
letters of Carlyle is particularly rich and impressive, photographs; and an article by Dr. Amory H.
covering, as it does, his mother's last illness Bradford, on Bunyan's "Pilgrim's Progress," with
and death, and the preparation of his "Life of special reference to a beautiful new edition soon to
Cromwell." Charles T. Copeland, the editor of be published, from which some remarkable illustra-
the series, accompanies the letters with a brilliant tions are reproduced. (The Outlook Company,
sketch of Carlyle as a letter-writer. New York. $3 a year.)
The November Forum is full of timely articles. Self Culture, now in its eighth year, has with
The article on "The Dreyfus Affair," by Yves the beginning of the new volume in September
Guyot, editor of the Paris Sibcle, is the most com- added 32 pages, making 128 in all. Its purpose
plete expose of this case which has appeared. is stated to be the imparting of knowledge to its
There are several articles on the war by leading readers. It is a family magazine, with the follow-
writers. The literary article is by Professor Ben- ing departments: "An Editorial Review of the
jamin W. Wells, of the University of the South, on World," " A Complete Record of Current Events,"
"Hermann Sudermann." To those who are un- "The Literary World," "The Religious World,"
acquainted with Sudermann's works, the paper will "The Educational World," "The Scientific
be found an interesting and useful introduction to World," "The Social and Sociological World,"
his compositions ; while those possessing even an "Art and Music," "Home and Youth's Depart-
extensive knowledge of his novels and dramatic ment," "The Business and Financial World."
pieces will find Professor Wells's essay an agreeable The publishers desire to make it a periodical that
critical contribution. shall "help and strengthen, mentally and morally,
Other articles in the same number are : " Some every person into whose hands it may come. The
Weak Places in our Pension System,"—a scathing results'already achieved show conclusively that there
expose by Major S. N. Clark ; and " Does College is a large field for a magazine whose mission is to
Education Pay ? " — which question is affirmatively interest and inform its readers, and not merely to
answered by Professor John Carleton Jones, of the afford entertaining and amusing matter for'whil-
University of Missouri, who challenges Mr. Grant ing away' one's time." Not the least interesting
Alien's deprecatory remarks on university training. fact regarding this publication is that its low price
8l2 LITERARY NOTICES.
— one dollar a year— places it within the reach of cedes' and Hobson's 'Merrimac.' The glorious
all. Subscriptions may be sent through any news- tropic sun was mantling all the hills with gold and
dealer or to Self Culture Magazine, Akron, O. bathing all the valleys in peace. Yet on she rode,
a black ship bearing comfort. We looked back to
The New York Independent, the leading see if Sampson would not come riding up the bay as
weekly newspaper of the world, and one whose a conqueror. But still he came not. No craft save
pages exercise the widest influence, is entering upon that one stately black ship, which carried neither
its fiftieth year of publication. The Independent gun nor armor. The great Sierras grew more pale,
emphasizes its fiftieth year by changing its form to and yet no coming of any vessel but our own. We
that of a magazine, and by reducing its annual reached the dock ; we moored. No ships were
subscription price from $3 to $2 ; single copies from near. In the city the silence of the deep. No
IO to 5 cents. In its new form it will print 3,640 armorclads in sight — only a black ship bearing
pages of reading matter per vear at a cost to sub- comfort.
scribers of $2, while the prominent magazines " Spontaneously some one on the deck began to
which sell for $4 a year, print only about two sing, 'Praise God from whom all blessings flow.'
thousand pages. The subscriber to the Independent The grand old hymn was taken up by the Red
gets eighty two per cent, more of equally good Cross staff, by the crew, by every one on board.
reading matter at one-half the cost ! It is not only It showed how full our hearts all were. Then, as
the leading family weekly newspaper, but by far if to round it off and make it yet more appropriate,
the cheapest and best. A free specimen copy may some clear, sweet voice began, ' From Greenland's
be had by addressing the Independent, 130 Fulton icy mountains, from India's coral strand.' You
Street, New York. know the shore formation here is coral, and we
sang that hymn with all our souls in it. Then
The November Cosmopolitan opens its twenty- darkness fell, and all was still; the tropic night
sixth volume, and is crowded with interesting read- came on, so beautiful and sown with stars. It was
ing matter. "A Dangerous Mission to Spain," a new era in history. So shall they say to future
undertaken in the interests of America at the time centuries did the Americans conquer Santiago."
Watson's fleet was expecting to be sent to the
Spanish coast, is the leading article. Frank Stock- The issues of the Youth's Companion for the
ton contributes one of his delightfully impossible four weeks of November contain a number of un-
stories,— two friendly ships made to act like ene- usual features. Frank R. Stockton contributes a
mies by the declaration of war between the United humorous paper, "Some of My Dogs;" Rudyard
States and Spain. "Wheat and its Distribution" Kipling's new story, " The Burning of the Sarah
is discussed by Joseph Leiter, whose famous wheat Sands" is in the November 10 number; Lord Duf-
deals a year ago set the whole world agape. Other ferin relates some of the sensational experiences of
articles are "In Porto Rico with General Miles," a pleasure trip in war time in "My First Cruise,"
"Placer Gold and How it is Secured," "The in the issue of November 17; and to the Thanksgiv-
Tragedies of the Kohinoor," "Some Types of ing Number (November 24) Mary E. Wilkins con-
Beauty," "The Woman of Fascination," and fic- tributes a glimpse of the good old times in her
tion by Harold Frederic, I. Zangwill, and H. G. sketch of " A New England Girl Seventy Years
Wells. Ago."
The November number of Frank Leslie's Popu Table Talk constantly grows in value and at-
lar Monthly comes to our table entirely metamor- traction to the practical housekeeper, in whose in-
phosed. It has assumed the size and shape of the terest it is published. It treats of the best methods
popular monthlies,— like GOOD HEALTH, — and of preparing, cooking, and serving food. It gives
contains some valuable reading. One article is es- large space also to the literature of home-making
pecially worthy of mention,—"Clara Barton to the and home-keeping. The November number is
American People," by the Rev. Peter Mac Queen, filled with things seasonable. "Medieval Sweet-
who reported it especially for this magazine. In meats," by Martha Bockee Flint, treats of cooking
the interview Miss Barton describes the entrance of with the recipes of centuries ago, and is amusing
the Red Cross ship, "State of Texas" into San- and interesting. "Anticipating Christmas," by
tiago harbor the very day of the surrender. She Mrs. Burton Kingsland, will be helpful to many.
says : — The Housekeeper's Inquiry Department is full of
" On, on we sailed, under the great guns of the information on subjects that perplex the housewife.
Morro, past the ruined hulks of the ' Reina Mer- The menus for Thanksgiving dinners will be sug-
LITERARY NOTICES.
gestive in preparing the feast for that day of family "The Mystery of Vesuvius," appearing in the
home-coming. Other articles are entertaining and November number of McCIure's Magazine.
informative to the busy home-keeper. (Table Talk Mr. Dam and the artist, C. K. Linson, made a
Publishing Co., Philadelphia, Pa. Sample copy recent exploration of the volcano, for McCIure's ;
free.) and the article embraces much new information
thus gained. It is illustrated from special drawings
" When not deep in meditation, or roused to made by Mr. Linson on the spot.
anger by stupidity or impertinence, Wagner may
well be said to have been boisterously gay," writes Exercise is one of the essentials to healthy ex-
Houston Stewart Chamberlain, of "The Personal istence, and whoever marks out a path along true
Side of Richard Wagner," in a late Ladies' lines in this branch of human knowledge is de-
Home Journal. " This was, so to say, his normal serving of thanks. This Miss E. Marguerit e
state when in society, which accounts for his being Lindley has done in her book, Health in the
so much beloved by children and by animals ; Home. A few chapters are devoted to anatomy
hence, also, he never could endure the society of and physiology, and then the author takes up a sys-
pedants and seekers for notoriety. The men he tem of exercise, giving prescriptions for home use
preferred were those full of fun and repartee ; the in such a plain, simple way that any intelligent
ready wit of a peasant entertained him more than person can easily follow them out, and receive the
the learned sayings of a savant. He walked very benefit of systematic physical training without the
fast, scrambled up mountains like a chamois, and aid of a teacher. (Published by the author, Mur-
was particularly fond of long excursions on foot. ray Hill Hotel, New York. $2.)
Being very small in stature, and wiry, he preserved
his extraordinary agility up to the very end. As a Rational Hydrotherapy, by J. H. Kellogg,
youth he was renowned for gymnastic feats, and at M. I)., superintendent of the Battle Creek Sanita-
sixty years of age he used still to climb tall poplar rium, member of the American Medical Associa-
trees and to frighten his family by all sorts of dar- tion, the American and British Associations for the
ing antics. Even within a year of his death he Advancement ot Science, Societe d' Hygifene of
would occasionally, when in high glee, astound his France, etc., author of the "Art of Massage,"
sedate German friends by suddenly standing on his "Home Hand-Book," etc.
head or by playing leap-frog over the armchairs of The author of this work has devoted twenty-five
his drawing-room." years to the study and practise of rational hydro-
therapy, and has had the largest opportunities for
Scribner'S for 1899 announces a partial pro- becoming practically familiar with the application
gram of choice literature, including articles on the of water as a therapeutic agent. This work is not
War by Col. Theodore Roosevelt; Robert Louis simply a description of baths, but is a thorough and
Stevenson's Letters; Senator Hoar's Reminiscences; well-digested treatise upon the physiological princi-
stories by George W. Cable, Joel Chandler Harris ; ples of hydrotherapy, and enters thoroughly into
"Q," Rudyard Kipling; Mrs. John Drew's Remin- the details of its therapeutic uses. In the writing
iscences ; The Slave-Trade in America; Musical of this book the author takes for the foundation of
Impressions of Sidney Lanier. C. 1). Gibson will his work, not simply clinical experience, but the
be a frequent contributor of drawings, and Henry carefully digested results of extensive laboratory
Me Carter and Walter Appleton Clark are also en- researches. As the result of many years of labor,
gaged in art work for the magazine. (Charles research, and observation, it is believed to be the
Scribner's Sons, New York. $3 a year.) best epitome of rational hydrotherapy at its pres-
ent stage of development. The work will be sup-
In response to the demand of its readers, SllC" plied with numerous illustrations, showing every
cess, that splendid magazine for wide-awake peo- practical detail of hydrotherapeutic applications,
ple of all ages and occupations, is to be issued and is intended for use as a text-book for those
weekly, beginning with December I, and at the who wish to become practically familiar with hy-
very low subscription price of $1.50 a year. drotherapy, rather than as a mere reference book.
The manuscript is in the hands of the printers,
The recent threats of a new outburst of Vesuvius and the work will issue in a few weeks. Modern
give timeliness to an article by H. J. W. Dam on Medicine Publishing Co., Battle Creek, Mich.
PUBLISHERS' DEPARTMENT
HOW I GOT REFORMED. that mine was a case of chronic indigestion, which
had assumed a nervous form, superinduced by im-
EUGENE CHRISTIAN.
proper and unnatural diet.
WE had about finished dining in a New York A friend of mine in Washington, D. C., who had
cafe'; bloody bovine bones and several empty Sau- taken a term of treatment at the Battle Creek
terne and Werzberger bottles were in the wreck Sanitarium for the same disorder, hearing of my
before us. Merangoes, Chili concarne, Worcester- condition, sent me a dozen pounds or more of the
shire and tobacco, pickles from Pennsylvania, and Sanitarium cereal food, with instructions as to its
caviere from far-off Russia, lobster a la Newburgh use. His instructions were about as follows : " Now
and lobster with the claws on, oysters, shrimps, let me tell you something. If you will try this and
clams, and other slimy creeping things from the be honest with it, and not expect it to do all the
bottom of the sea had all in their turn disappeared. work, but do some of it yourself, it will cure you.
We were having a good time,— what was termed What you ought to do and must do to get the best
an elegant dinner. While engaged in disposing of results from the use of this food is this: Quit eating
Roquefort cheese and black coffee, with a black meat, for devouring other animals is unnatural and
Havana cigar thrown in as a sort of lagnappe, I barbarous. Quit coffee and tea and ice-cold drinks.
was seized with a kind of mental depression—a Take no intoxicating beverages, and quit the nasty
sort of hallucination that something horrible use of tobacco short off. Now don't say, like a
might happen. For months afterwards I alternated little sissy, that you can't do these things, but do
between a fairly sane condition and this fitful what I tell you to, for just thirty days, and you
slough of despond, never once dreaming of the won't need any more persuasion."
real cause — never once thinking that I was merely I took my friend's advice, and in the meantime
paying the penalty for years of violation of nature's made a careful study of the science of eating, or
sacred laws. A careful diagnosis, however, proved what constitutes a perfectly natural diet. I was
TO PROMOTE AND MAINTAIN PERSONAL
HYGIENE, INDIVIDUAL PROPHYLAXIS.
LISTERINE.
is a non-poisonous, non-irritating antiseptic, composed of ozoniferous
• essences, vegetable antiseptics, and beuzo-boracic acid ; miscible with water in any pro-
portion and in agreeable strength sufficiently powerful to make and maintain surgical
cleanliness — asepsis — in the treatment of all parts of the human body.
!
These properties have won for LISTERINE a first place in the lying-in room and in
the treatment of catarrhal conditions of the mucous surfaces of every locality.
LISTERINE alone, in teaspoonful doses, or diluted with one or two parts of water or
| glycerin, will give entire relief in fermentative dyspepsia.
• An ounce of LISTERINE in a pint of warm water forms a refreshing, purifying, and
!
protecting application for sponging the body during illness or health. A few ounces
• added to the bath enhances its tonicity and refreshing effect.
For the preservation of the teeth, and for maintaining the mucous membrane of the
mouth in a healthy condition, LISTERINE is indispensable.
Send for descriptive literature to the manufacturers.
Lambert Pharmacal Co., St. Louis.
Be assured of the genuine Listerine by purchasing an original package,
14=ounce bottle. !
814
PUBLISHERS' DEPARTMENT.
rewarded by a return of both physical and mental close of the nineteenth century believed, as did
strength far beyond my former measure. Now the Romans of the Augustan age, that they had
thoroughly interested in dietary reform, or the reached the highest degree of civilization, while in
reform that had been prolific of such splendid re- truth, most of their customs were directly linked
sults in my own case, I made a careful study, while to the Dark Ages ; through their entire epicurean,
on an extended trip over the South a few months industrial, social, and financial fabric the dark
since, of cases and causes of a similar character. shadow of barbarianism is distinctly traceable."
It is entirely within the bounds of truth to say that
I found more than fifty per cent, of those to whom WESTERN CANADA'S RESOURCES.
I talked, suffering from some form of indigestion
One of the Best Grain Exhibits ever Made
or stomach trouble. I straightway assumed the
in the United States.
role of an apostle of Battle Creek. I had discov-
ered a good thing, and wanted everybody to have THE thousands of people who visited the State
some of it. Fair, held at Grand Rapids, as well as the county
One case in particular is worthy of mention. I fairs throughout the State, were given the opportu-
called on an old friend of mine, a Cuban, and a nity to see an exhibit of grains and grasses and
Florida cigar manufacturer. I found him nursing a other products of the farm that seldom occurs. The
duplicate of my New York attack, only in a much exhibit spoken of was one that was made by the
more intensified form. It is a custom among these Government of the Dominion of Canada, for the
manufacturers to keep black coffee on tap all day at purpose of demonstrating to the people of Michi-
their factories. To a dozen cups a day of this they gan that outside of the limits of their State and in
add about twenty pure Havana cigars. If the western Canada there was rapidly developing a
reader will stir into this dual compound my New country that would easily maintain all the surplus
York spread, with a liberal portion of "hot stuff," population of the overcrowded east. The exhibit
he will have a close resemblance to the daily bill of was certainly a revelation to those who have never
fare or the average "good liver," especially in the visited the provinces of Manitoba, Assiniboia, Al-
seacoast cities. berta, and Saskatchewan, where the grains and
I wrote to my Washington friend to send $10 grasses were grown. The quality of the straw,
worth of Battle Creek Sanitarium health foods to the length of the grain heads, the excellence of
the rescue of my shipwrecked friend in Florida. the grasses, all showed how remarkable must be
Two months later I met my Florida friend in New the nature of the soil and the climate that could
York. His glad greeting was, "You saved my produce such. The threshed grains comprised the
life." No. I hard wheat for which that country is so cele-
Living now in an entirely new realm, upon brated, some of it weighing as much as sixty-five
nature's fattening fruits, nutritious nuts, and golden, pounds to the bushel. One of the samples shown
health-giving grains, I can not resist sometimes was taken from a field yielding forty bushels to the
comparing the old with the new. Wicked though it acre, it being the sixth successive crop of wheat
may be, I can not help comparing a damsel sallying grown on that field. This is said to be an ordi-
forth in the early morn,"\vhen the birds are singing nary occurrence. The oats, both in the straw and
to their mates, and all is happy and joyous, with a threshed, were such as have never been seen at a
murderous machete in hand, seeking what animal Grand Rapids Fair. While the barley was plump,
she may devour, with another modest, shrinking heavy, and bright, there were also peas, flax, and
maiden plucking the purple grape or the blushing other products of the field equally to be admired.
June apple, laden with drops of diamond dew that The display of vegetables was excellent, the onions
have gathered from the God of day the prismatic being as large as the celebrated Spanish article, the
colors of the bow of peace. celery causing many a housewife to envy it, while
The bloodiest Bushman that ever crept through the potatoes, turnips, tomatoes, cabbage, and cauli-
the jungles of Tasmania, armed with a boomerang, flower were fit for exhibition in a seedman's
hunting another Bushman for his breakfast, would window. There were also shown specimens of the
be thoroughly satisfied with the sight of one of our soil, which, Messrs. Mclnnes of Detroit, Caven of
modern slaughter-houses. Had Axe, and Grieves of Mt. Pleasant, the gov-
There will in the far future be an age of civiliza- ernment agents who were in charge, explained,
tion when the pen of the historian will point back- was the only soil capable of producing such a rich
ward to this era in language like this: "It is production as this exhibit certainly was. Of course
evidenced by the literature and customs of that day the object of making the exhibit was to interest
that ;he people of the American Republic at the those desiring new homes or who wished to better
8i6 P UBLISHERS' DEPAR TMENT.
their present condition. It is said that fully five A Motel on Wheels.
thousand heads of families have gone from differ- The managers of the Grand Trunk Railroad are
ent States of the Union and settled in western Can- determined to keep in the front rank in all branches
ada this year. They are now sending back glowing of railroad enterprises which concern the comfort
reports of the country. Excursions leave twice a of the traveling public. They have recently made
week for Winnipeg and Edmonton, and the govern- a noteworthy addition to their managing force in
ment agent will be pleased to send pamphlets and the appointment of Mr. J. Lee, late manager of the
other information to those requesting it, by address- Windsor Hotel, of Montreal, to direct the dining-
ing him as above. car services of this great system. They propose
to give travelers in their magnificent dining palace
THE HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. — The Chicago & as good a cuisine service as can be found at the
North Western Railway has issued a booklet with best city hotels.
the above title, giving a brief description of these
islands, their topography, climate, natural resources, THE Chicago & North Western Railway, a
railways, schools, population, etc. It contains a through line between Chicago and Minneapolis or
folding map, and mentions the various steamship Duluth, has issued another brochure descriptive of
lines plying between the Pacific ports and the is- its famous North Western Limited. This train
lands. Attention is also called to the unparalleled leaves Chicago at 6.30 P. M. daily, and for luxury
facilities offered by the North Western Line, the of appointments it is unsurpassed. The equipment
Pioneer Line west and northwest of Chicago, for consists of compartment and sleeping cars, dining
reaching San Francisco, Los Angeles, Portland, and cars, buffet, smoking, and library cars, and coaches.
other western points. The booklet will be sent to The whole train is lighted by electricity, with
any address upon receipt of four cents in stamps specially brilliant lights on the outside of each
by W. H. Guerin, 67 Woodward avenue, Detroiti vestibule. The pictures shown of berths, lavato-
Mich.; or W. B. Kniskern, 22 Fifth avenue, Chi- ries, private compartments, library, and reading
cago. 111. rooms, are very enticing.
HYDROZONE (30 volumes preserved
aqueous solution of H.jO3 )
IS THE MOST POWERFUL ANTISEPTIC AND PUS DESTROYER.
HARMLESS STIMULANT TO HEALTHY GRANULATIONS.
13 THE!
GLYCOZONE
MOST FOTTVER-FTJIj HE-A-I-iINO- A.Ca-BNT
(C. P. Glycerine
combined with Ozone)
These remedies cure all diseases caused by Germs.
Successfully used in the treatment of Infectious and Contagious diseases of the
alimentary canal:
Typhoid Fever, Typhus, Yellow Fever, Cholera Infantum,
Asiatic Cholera, Dysentery, Etc.
Send for free 240-page book " Treatment of Diseases caused by Germs." containing reprints
of 120 scientific articles by leading contributors to medical literature.
Physicians remitting 50 cents •will receive one complimentary sample of each, "Hydrozone"
and " Glycozone " by express, charges prepaid.
Hydrozone is put up only in extra small, small, medium, !"BEP.iBED ONMT BT
and large size bottles, bearing a red label, white letters, gold and
blue border with rny signature.
Glycozone is put up only in 4-oz., 8-oz. and l6-oz. bottles,
bearing a yellow label, white and black letters, red and blue
border with my signature.
Marchaml's Eye Balsam cores all inflammatory and chmM. and r ,raduata of tha >.Emu Centra*
contagious diseases of the eyes. ' des Arts et Manufactures de Paris " (Frati<xi.
Charles Marchand, 28 Prince Street, New York,
Sold by leading Druggists. Avoid Imitations. tiTMention this Publication.
