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Overview of Lifetime Plans
Clive Nixon, NDA
Sellafield Industry Seminar – 28/29 November 2006
Sellafield Industry Seminar
Sellafield Industry Seminar – 28/29 November 2006
Lifetime Plans (LTP), Development
& Output Requirements
The following sessions outline:
• The summary and key issues of the 2006 LTPs for
the sites that make up the PBO competition scope -
Sellafield, Calder, Windscale and Capenhurst
• The capability within BNGSL which will be available
to the new PBO to develop the LTPs in response to
strategic or tactical influences
• The development of potential approaches to
incentivise the contracts using high level
Output Requirements
Sellafield Industry Seminar
The Lifetime Plan
• Documents which describe the totality of the
activities, in terms of scope , schedule and cost, to be
undertaken at each site to transition from the current
state to the proposed end state
• Both short and long term focus
• Submitted annually
• Primary customer is NDA
• More details in PCP-07 on www.nda.gov.uk
• LTP site summaries can also be found on the website
Sellafield Industry Seminar
Scope of Competition
• 4 NDA sites
• 3 licensed sites
– Sellafield and Calder Hall
– Windscale
– Capenhurst
• To be managed by a single Site Licence
Company, Sellafield Ltd
Sellafield Industry Seminar
Location of Sellafield, Calder Hall
and Windscale sites
Sellafield Industry Seminar
Sellafield
Sellafield Industry Seminar
Sellafield – History & Current
Status
• Large and complex site located in Cumbria
• Has evolved to support the UK nuclear programme
since its inception in the1940s
• Significant number of legacy plants requiring urgent
hazard reduction and subsequent decommissioning
• Large number of waste and effluent treatment
facilities
• Ongoing storage of waste and nuclear materials
• Ongoing operations of large commercial facilities
• Focus on cleanup since formation of the NDA in 2005
Sellafield Industry Seminar
Sellafield – Now and future
Passivation – Commercial
2006 -2016
Passivation – Clean-up
2006 -2032
Consolidation
2006 – 2024
Quiescence 2006 - 2040
Site restoration
2040 -2120
Sellafield Industry Seminar
Sellafield – Key Dates LTP 06
2008: Commence return of vitrified high-level waste to
overseas reprocessing customers
2010 -2020 : Legacy Ponds and Silos specifications
2011: Completion of scheduled THORP reprocessing
2012: Completion of Magnox Operating Plan
2015: Highly Active Liquor stocks buffer volume
achieved
2016: Planned completion of MOX fuel manufacture
Sellafield Industry Seminar
Sellafield – Key Dates LTP 06
2040: ILW transfers to repository commence
2075: HLW and spent fuel transfers to repository
commence
2095: HLW and ILW transfers to repository complete
2120: Site restoration
Sellafield Industry Seminar
Sellafield – Phased Life Cycle
Costs
Forecast Expenditure in £M
• Lifetime costs ~ £41.6 Bn
• Commercial activities
generate lifetime revenues of 13,753
~ £7.7 Bn 15,794
• Consolidation and quiescent
phase durations driven by
availability of national waste
disposal facilities
• Site restoration costs driven
by end state, ground
contamination and waste
disposal 6,313 3,338
2,411
• Cost of Pu disposition Passivation - Cleanup Passivation - Commercial
excluded Consolidation Quiescent
Restoration
Sellafield Industry Seminar
Sellafield - Summary of Short Term
(Unconstrained) Forecast Expenditure
Forecast expenditure in £M years 06/07-15/16
168
645 0
1909 06/07 = £1.3 Bn
07/08 = £1.4 Bn
2244
08/09 = £1.3 Bn
2577
06/07-10/11 = £6.35 Bn
11/12-15/16 = £4.47 Bn
2690
589
Transition New Construction Projects
Commercial Operations Decommissioning & Termination
Waste & Nuclear Materials Management Site Support
Support Services Stakeholder Support
Sellafield Industry Seminar
Sellafield – Key Challenges
Progress of Legacy Hazard Reduction
• First generation storage Ponds and Silos buildings,
dating from the 1950s, are in an intolerable
condition
• 5 of the top 10 NDA hazards and subject to NII
licence instruments
• To avoid potential environmental impact, urgent
retrieval of waste and subsequent passivation and
storage is required
Sellafield Industry Seminar
Sellafield – Key Challenges
Progress on Highly Active Liquor (HAL) reduction
and management
• Historic backlog of HAL from reprocessing, stored
in tanks, is the largest liquid radioactive inventory in
the UK
• Fresh HAL from reprocessing processed via
evaporators
• Evaporators and tanks have experienced
component failures
• Stock reduction achieved through the Waste Vitrification
Plants, operations of which have historically
proven problematic
Sellafield Industry Seminar
Sellafield – Key Challenges
Magnox Reprocessing Outlook:
• Complex choreography required at Magnox stations to
defuel and dispatch fuel to Sellafield during specified
time windows
• UK government policy to reprocess spent Magnox fuel
• Magnox Operating Plan continues to be delivered by
ageing reprocessing facilities
• Reliant on HA evaporation facilities
• End date for Magnox reprocessing declared in 2000 in line
with OSPAR and UK discharge strategy commitments
Sellafield Industry Seminar
Sellafield – Key Challenges
SMP Outlook
• Has historically underperformed versus expectations
• Achievement of challenging production ramp up and
ongoing sustained operation required
• Performance under close scrutiny by NDA
• Future will be influenced by performance and
potentially the outcome of NDA U and Pu Macro-
economic study
Sellafield Industry Seminar
Sellafield – Key Challenges
THORP Outlook
• Has not operated since April 05 due to Feed
Clarification Cell leak with expectations of 2007
restart, assuming NII approval obtained by BNGSL
• Reliant on HA evaporation facilities
• AGR receipts must be maintained with or without
THORP reprocessing, with interim storage of residual
AGR proposed for fuel not reprocessed
• Future may be influenced by outcome of NDA Spent
Fuel management review
Sellafield Industry Seminar
Sellafield – Key Strategic Issues
• Delivery of capital projects to time, cost and
specification
• Implementation of innovative technology, approaches
and contingency plans
• Post Operational Clean Out (POCO) and long term
effluent treatment requirements
• Management of future LLW and ILW decommissioning
waste arisings
• Infrastructure and site support
Sellafield Industry Seminar
Sellafield – Key Strategic Issues
• Contaminated ground and groundwater
• Site end state and future use
• Nuclear materials storage and disposition
• National repository availability for ILW/HLW
• National Nuclear Laboratory
• Skills and technical resources
Sellafield Industry Seminar
Calder Hall
Sellafield Industry Seminar
Calder Hall – History & Current
Status
• Part of the Sellafield licensed site
• World’s first commercial nuclear power station,
commencing operations 1956
• Generation ceased 2003
• Reactors still contain fuel
• Consent received to commence decommissioning
and now underway
• Reactor 1 and Turbine Hall A potential Industrial
Heritage listed status
Sellafield Industry Seminar
Calder Hall Site – Now & Future
Defuelling & preparations
for decommissioning
2003-2008
Interim Decommissioning &
deplanting 2004 -2011
Care & maintenance
2011-2105
Final site clearance
2105 - 2117
Sellafield Industry Seminar
Calder Hall – Key Dates LTP 06
2006: Cooling tower demolition
2010: Defuelling complete
2011: Site reaches Care and Maintenance
2105: Commencement of final decommissioning
2112: Demolition of all reactors complete
2117: Final site clearance
Sellafield Industry Seminar
Calder Hall - Phased Life Cycle
Cost Estimate
Forecast expenditure in £k
• Total cost ~ £1Bn 42,103
123,026
• Defuelling enabled via
Magnox Operating Plan
• Interim decommissioning
in parallel with defuelling
214,236
• Care and maintenance
cost driven by periodic
645,055
refurbishment and safe
store principles
• Final site clearance after Defuelling
2100 in conjunction with Interim Decommissioning
Care & Maintainence
other UK Magnox reactors Final Site Clearance
Sellafield Industry Seminar
Calder Hall - Summary of Short Term
(Unconstrained) Forecast Expenditure
Forecast expenditure in £M years 06/07-15/16
2
2
14
0
31
06/07 = £33.4M
19
07/08 = £40.0M
08/09 = £35.4M
30
06/07-10/11 = £161M
11/12-15/16 = £44 M
106
Transition New Construction Projects
Commercial Operations Decommissioning & Termination
Waste & Nuclear Materials Management Site Support
Support Services Stakeholder Support
Sellafield Industry Seminar
Calder Hall – Key Challenges
• Defuelling and fuel route transition
• Magnox Operating Plan window
• Dismantling of peripherals with fuel in-situ
• Waste route availability eg asbestos, LLW
• Magnox acceleration opportunity
• Potential listed status of Reactor 1 and
Turbine Hall A
• Future land and asset use
Sellafield Industry Seminar
Windscale
Sellafield Industry Seminar
Windscale – History & Current
Status
• Located within the Sellafield site boundary
• Reactor piles operated during the 1950s until
fire in 1957
• Windscale AGR operated from 1963 to 1981
• Decommissioning of facilities underway
• Ongoing operation of B13 examination and
waste segregation facility
Sellafield Industry Seminar
Windscale – Now & Future
High Hazard reduction
2006-2015
Commercial operations and
decommissioning 2016-2025
Care and maintenance and
interim storage 2026-2040
Final decommissioning and
site restoration 2041-2065
Sellafield Industry Seminar
Windscale – Key Dates LTP 06
2013: Pile 2 in Care and Maintenance
2015: WAGR and associated buildings removed
2015: Pile 1 in Care and Maintenance
2020: Completion of examination facility operations
2025: Examination facility decommissioned
2040: Piles decommissioning commences
2060: Piles decommissioning complete
2060: Transfer of ILW to repository
2065: Final site clearance and closure
Sellafield Industry Seminar
Windscale – Phased Life Cycle
Costs
Forecast expenditure in £k
• Lifetime cost ~ £700M
• B13 commercial operations
generate ~ £35M 284,236
312,554
• Relatively short care and
maintenance period using
safe store principles with
on-site interim waste
storage
57,709
• Final decommissioning and 59,112
site clearance driven by High Hazard Reduction
national ILW repository Commercial Operations and Decommissioning
availability
Care & Maintainence
Final Site Clearance
Sellafield Industry Seminar
Windscale -Summary of Short Term
(Unconstrained) Forecast Expenditure
Forecast expenditure in £M years 06/07-15/16
5
5 0
31
17
06/07 = £27.3M
07/08 = £28.0M
36 08/09 = £27.9M
10
06/07-10/11 = £140.3M
11/12-15/16 = £136.9M
174
Transition New Construction Projects
Commercial Operations Decommissioning & Termination
Waste & Nuclear Materials Management Site Support
Support Services Stakeholder Support
Sellafield Industry Seminar
Windscale – Key Challenges
• Integration into the greater Sellafield site
• Removal of Pile 1 fuel and isotopes some 50 years
after the fire
• Availability of waste routes and stores eg graphite
• Pile decommissioning acceleration opportunities
• Future operations of B13 examination facility and
potential role in National Nuclear Laboratory
concept
• Future land and asset use
Sellafield Industry Seminar
Capenhurst
Sellafield Industry Seminar
Capenhurst
– History & Current Status
• Located near Chester adjacent to URENCO
licensed site
• Operated gaseous diffusion plants for
enrichment of Uranium from 1960s
• Operations completed in 1982 with the bulk of
these facilities now decommissioned
• Ongoing storage of Magnox derived Uranium
and Uranium Hex tails
Sellafield Industry Seminar
Capenhurst – Now and Future
Diffusion plant
decommissioning
1982-2008
Quiescent storage of Uranic
materials 2008-2015
Uranium Hex deconversion
2015-2031
Ongoing storage of Uranic
materials 2031-2120
Uranium disposition and
final site clearance 2120
onwards
Sellafield Industry Seminar
Capenhurst – Key Dates LTP 06
2008: Diffusion plant decommissioning
complete
2008: First quiescent storage period
commences
2020: Operation of Hex deconversion facility
2120: Uranic storage operations cease
2120: End state achieved
Sellafield Industry Seminar
Capenhurst - Phased Life Cycle
Costs
Forecast expenditure in £k
• Lifetime costs ~ £550M 48,646 62,862
• Interim and long term
storage of Uranic
materials in quiescent 74,548
phases
• Majority of cost due to
deconversion of Hex 232,029
• Cost of final disposition Diffusion Plant Decommissioning
Quiescent Storage - Phase 1
of Uranics excluded Uranium Deconversion
Quiescent Storage - Phase 2
Sellafield Industry Seminar
Capenhurst - Summary of Short Term
(Unconstrained) Forecast Expenditure
Forecast expenditure in £M years 06/07-15/16
2 7
14
06/07 = £22.7M
07/08 = £22.7M
35
26 08/09 = £12.7M
0
06/07-10/11 = £72.7M
11 11/12-15/16 = £54.6M
32
Transition New Construction Projects
Commercial Operations Decommissioning & Termination
Waste & Nuclear Materials Management Site Support
Support Services Stakeholder Support
Sellafield Industry Seminar
Capenhurst – Key Issues
• Completion of diffusion plant decommissioning
• Passivation of Hex hazard
• Outcome of NDA U and Pu macro-economic
study
• Interfaces with neighbouring licensed site
• Site end state
• Date when site end state achieved
• Future land and asset use
Sellafield Industry Seminar
Sellafield Industry Seminar
Sellafield Industry Seminar – 28/29 November 2006
