View and Print this Publication - Timber Resource of Wisconsin's Southwest Survey Unit, 1983.

.United ::rPiartltmue_ of , States _ T _rr:'_ Nbrth Central Resource' stFOartestExpe.ri ment ' i m ber Resource of Wisconsin's outhwest Gerhard K. Raile urvey Bulletin Unit, 1983 NC-8.7 " ;. J MARA TMON --1 • . JAC_fSON _MAW.4NO • , . ., ° ° • ° ' . _ Information contained in this report includes the most commonly used Forest Inventory and Analysis statistics. However, additional forest resource data can be provided to interested users. Persons requesting additional in_formation that can be provided from the raw inventory data are expected to pay for the retrieval costs. These costs will vary depending on the cornplexity of the re(tuest, from less than $100 for a relatively simple request to $2,000 for a complex retrieval involving the services of a Forest Inventory and Analysis computer programmer. If requests for data conflict with ongoing Forest Inventory and Analysis work, they will be scheduled so as to minimize the impact on the work unit. Requests for unpublished information may be directed to: i . Burton L. Essex Forest Inventory and Analysis Project North Central Forest Experiment Station 1992 Folwell Avenue St. Paul, Minnesota 55108 Phone: (612) 642-5275 Area served: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota, Wisconsin. J . North Central Forest Experiment Station Forest Service--U.S. Department of Agriculture 1992 Folwell Avenue Manuscript St. Paul, Minnesota 55108 approved for publication March 1985 11, 1985 . ° FOREWORD Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) is a continuing endeavor as mandated by the Renewable Forest and Rangeland Resources Planning Act of 1974. Prior inventories were mandated by the MeSweeney-MeNary Forest Research Act of 1928. The objective of FIA is to periodically inventory the Nation's forest land to determine its extent, condition, and volume of timber, growth, and depletions. Up-to-date resource information is essential to frame intelligent forest policies and programs. USDA Forest Service regional experiment stations are responsible for conducting these inventories and publishing summary reports for individual States. The North Central Forest Experiment Station is responsible for forest resource evaluation in Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Wisconsin. Fieldwork for the Wisconsin Statewide forest inventory was begun in the summer of 1981 and completed in late 1983. Reports on the three previous inventories of Wisconsin's timber resource are dated 1936, 1956, and 1968. More accurate survey information was obtained during the 1983 survey than otherwise would have been feasible because of intensified field sampling. Such sampling was made possible by additional funding and field personnelprovided the North CentralStation theWisconsin StateLegby islature through theDepartment of NaturalResources. Data from theDepartment's canvassof all primary wood-usingplantsinthe Statewere used to help estimate the quantity timberproductsharvested Wisconsin. of in Aerial photosused intheSouthwestUnit ForestInventory were furnished by the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resourcesand the USDA Agricultural Stabilization ConservationService. and .: ° CONTENTS .. Page Highlights ........................................................................................................... 1 Appendix ............................................................................................................ 2 Accuracy of Survey ....................................................................................... 2 _ Survey Procedures .............................. ........................................................... 2 Comparing Wisconsin's Fourth Inventory with the Third inventory ......................................................................... 3 Checking for Consistency ............................................................................ 4 Log,Grade ....................................................................................................... 4 Tree Species Groups in Wisconsin ............................................................. 8 Metric Equivalents of Units Used in this Report ...... ....................... 8 Definition of Terms ...................................................................................... 8 Tables .................................................................................... " 8 . J o ° ° • . .. TIMBER RESOURCE OF WISCONSIN'S SOUTHWEST SURVEY UNIT, 1983 Gerhard HIGHLIGHTS K. Raile, Mensurationist • Sawtimber volume amounted to 6.0 billion board feet in 1983, 77 percent greater than the 1968 volume. • The 1.8 billion cubic feet of hardwoods make up 95 percent of the growing-stock volume. • Red pine growing-stock volume increased 812 percent since 1968. Ingrowth of plantations to metchantable size was the dominant factor in this dramatic increase. • Sixty-two percent of the growing-stock volume is accounted for by the oaks (857 million cubic feet), maples (208 million cubic feet), and basswood (125 million cubic feet). • Average growing-stock volume per acre in 1983 was 1,008 cubic feet, compared to 831 cubic feet in 1968. • Nearly 60 percent of the sawtimber volume is in trees with grade 3 butt logs. Tree diameter is generally the limiting criteria. • The volume in cull trees (rough, rotten, and shortlog cull) is 508 million cubic feet; salvable dead tree volume is 35 million cubic feet. Forest Area • Forest land accounted for 2.0 million acres (32 percent of the Unit's land area)in 1983; this constitutes a 30-percent increase since 1968. , Commercial forest land occupied 1.9 million acres in 1983--an increase of 29 percent from the 1.5 million acres in 1968. • Pr0ductive-reserved forest land totaled 38,800 acres in 1983, compared to 12,300 acres in 1968. • Vernon County contained the largest area of commercial forest in 1983 (200,300 acres), a 44-percent increase from 139,300 acres in 1968. Land changing from wooded pasture to commercial forest caused this increase, • Farmers and miscellaneous private individuals hold 9i percent of the commercial forest. . State and Federal agencies owned 3 percent of cornmercial forest in 1983. The oak-hickory forest type continued to dominate the commercial forest land base in 1983, comprising 55 Percent of the commercial forest area. • Sapling and seedling stands, which increased 152,300 acres between surveys, occupied 20 percent of the commercial forest in 1983 as compared to 16 percent ,' in1968. • Sawtimber stands,-which increased 271,100cres by a , between surveys, amountedto56percentfthecorno mercial forestn 1983, i comparedto54 percent in 1968. , * Sixty-two percent (34,800cres)fthecommercial a o plantation area is in the red pine type. • Only6 percent of all commercial forest area has a prominent conifer understory, • Less than 2 percent of all forest land is reserved, . The average site index for commercial forest land in the unit is 66 feet at age 50. Stand Conditions •. " • Net annual growth on growing-stock trees was 50 million cubic feet in 1982. • The net annual growth rate of growing stock was 2.6 percent of inventory in 1982. • Netgrowthaveraged cubic 26.2 feet peracre in1982. • Annualmortality ofgrowing stockamountedto17 million cubic feet percent (0.9 ofinventory) in1982. • Disease accounted for34percentfthemortality o in 1982; chiefly diseases ofelm. Timber Use • Timber removals from growing stock in 1981 totaled nearly 30.6 million cubic feet (1.6 percent of inventory), compared to 29.9 million cubic feet (2.4 percent of inventory) in 1967. • The oaks made up 64 percent of the 1981 removals volume and account for 44 percent of the growingstock volume. • ,The volumeofgrowing stock in1983was 1.9 billion • Outputofroundwoodproducts totaled million 49.9 cubic feet, 56percent greater thanthe1.2 billion in cubic feet in1981; 51percent was fuelwood, per39 1968.. centwas saw logs, percent 4 was pulpwood, and 6 ° Timber Volulne percent was other, • Wood residue from primary plants totaled 9.2 mil. lion cubic feet in 1981, 99 percent of which was used. Biomass • Highest yields per acre of live tree biomass are in the oak-hickory (84 green tons) the red pine (79 tons), and the birch (75 tons) forest types. • Live tree biomass totaled 143 million green tons (74 tons per acre) in 1983, with just under half in the boles of growing-stock trees. ' .. APPENDIX OF SURVEY replacement (SPR) in Chat a set of randomly located plots was available for remeasurement and a set of new randomly located plots was established and measured. Major enhancements in the new Wisconsin design were stratification for disturbance on the old sample and use of a growth model to improve regression estimates made on the old undisturbed forest plots. The growth model used was the Stand and Tree Evaluation and Modeling System (STEMS). 2 The major steps in the new survey design were as follows: 1. The first phase of the survey was to interpret aerial photos. In this phase two sets of random points were located on current aerial photographs. The first was a set of new photo points and the second was a set of relocated old photo points (ground plot locations from the previous inventory). In all, 35,628 1-acre points, including old ground sample locations, were systematically distributed across aerial photos of the entire Unit. These points were classified into land classes as shown below to make a preliminary estimate of forest area. Next, 12,802of thesepoints were stereoclassified as to stand-size class and density. Finally, 2,455 points were examined on the ground to correct the preliminary area estimate for errors in classification and for actual changes in land use since the photos were taken. Photo Photo points points stereoclassified classified 11,675 11,675 216 911 0 12,802 Inventory plots checked 722 26 1,656 51 2,455 ACCURACY • Forest Inventory and Analysis information is based on a Sampling procedure designed to provide reliable statistics at the State and Unit levels. Consequently, the reported figures are estimates only. A measure of reliabi!ity0f these figures is given by sampling errors, These sampling errors mean that the chances are two out of three that the true inventory value is within the!imits indicated. For example, the estimated growing-stock volume in the Southwest Unit in 1983, 1,935.7 million cubic feet, has a sampling error of +_3.7percent {71.6 million cubic feet). Therefore, the growing-stock volume from a 100-percent inventory would have a two in three chance of falling between 1,864.i and 2,007.3 million cubic feet. ' The following tabulation shows the sampling errors for the 1983 Southwest Unit Forest Inventory: Sampling Item Unittotals error Growingstock Vo!ume Growth Removals Sawtimber Volume " Growth , ,. emovals R :Commercial forestland • Assurvey data are broken down into sections smaller than Survey Unit totals, the sampling error ' increases. For example, the sampling error for growing-stock 'volume in a particular county is higher than that for total growing-stock volume in the Unit (table 66 shows.the Sampling errors for estimates smaller than Unit totals). ' (Millioncubicfeet) 1,936 50 31 (Million boardfeet_) 6,039 183 124 (Thousand acres) 1,920.0 (Percent) 3.7 5.7 39.4 4.2 5.3 30.4 0.39 , . , Landclass Forestland Unproductive/reserved forest land 216 N0nf0rest land 22,974 Water 763 Total 35,628 SURVEY PROCEDURES We used a tw0-phase sampling design for the 1983 Wisconsin survey. This sampling scheme and associated estimators are similar to sampling with partial 'International 2 V4-inch rule. "For more information on STEMS, see: Belcher, D. L.; Holdaway, M. R.; Brand, G. J. A description of STEMS: The stand and tree evaluation and modeling system. Gen. Tech. Rep. NC-79. St. Paul, MN: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, North Central Forest Experiment Station; 1981, 18 p. • (selected from new photo grid) •• Remeasurable - New inventoryplots Undisturbed plots -remeasure STEMS grow with plot and (compare STEMS plot catastrophic mortality, land use change. cutting, seedling stands, and with remeasuredplot to derive regression estimator to applyto undisturbed non- plots remeasurableplots) Integrated STEMS inventory design •. OIdinventory plots (transferred from old o,.,u._,d,,otsremeasure plot photo grid) Undisturbed ploi$-grow withSTEMS (apply regression estimator Nonremeasurable derived from undisturbed remeasurable plots) ., The nonremeasurable forest points are those that were measured but not monumented during the 1968 inventory. STEMS updated these old undisturbed plots, producing an estimate of current data. Thus these points became ground plots even though the information was obtained without actually visiting the plot. For points classified as disturbed, a new ground plot was established as close to the old location as possible. This allowed information about land use trends to be recorded even though the old plot could not be exactly relocated for remeasurement. The estimation procedure for computing statistics from this sampling design was more complicated than the simple two-phase estimation procedure used in the past. In fact, this procedure yielded two independent samples, one coming from the new photo points and plots Disturbed establish new plot at old location . plots-- Figure i.--Logic structure pie design, for the 1983 Wisconsin sam- the other coming from the old photo points that were remeasured or projected. A more detailed description of the sampling design is available in a separate publicationY 3. Statistics on timber utilization during 1981 were obtained from mill surveys. The Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources canvassed resident sawmills, veneer mills, and other primary wood-using plants. The North Central Forest Experiment Station canvassed out-of-State sawmills, pulpmills, and veneer mills to determine their use of Wisconsin timber. Fuelwood and fencepost output was based on a sample of public and private landowners to determine their production of fuelwood and fenceposts. Estimates of primary mill residue used for fuelwood were obtained from the canvass of Wisconsin primary wood-using plants. 4. We measured a total of 2,568 felled trees on 133 active logging operations throughout the State during 1981-1982 to develop wood utilization factors for convetting timber products output to timber removals for saw logs and pulpwood. Factors for all other products were obtained during the 1966-1967 Wisconsin utilization study. 5. Field data were sent to St. Paul, Minnesota, be processed and analyzed. to 2. The second phase of the survey was to sample ground plots. The plot selection and measurement proCedures of phase two of the new Wisconsin survey design are outlined in figure 1. From the new photo points, a random sample of ground plots was established; and land use, volume, mortality, and cutting were recorded. At each forest ground plot location, variable-radius plots (basal area factor 37.5) were established at 10 points uniformly placed over the sample acre. These locations were m0numented for future remeasurement. On the old inventory photo points (old plot locations), we used a somewhat different procedure. Old plots were either remeasurable (monumented) or nonremeasurable (not monumented and thus difficult to relocate). Wil_hin both of these groups, old plots were additionally identified as undisturbed or disturbed. The remeasurable old inventory photo points which are Classified as forest undisturbed were remeasured on the ground to obtain current land use, volume, growth, and removals data. Additionally, all forest un' disturbed remeasurable plots were projected to the current time using STEMS to provide estimates of current volume and growth. The comparison of the projected and observed values on these plots provided regression estimators to adjust the projected values of the undisturbed nonremeasurable plots. All disturbed remeasurable plots were remeasured on the ground to assess changes since the last inventory. Disturbance as used here refers to any change on a plot that can be detected on aerial photos and that the STEMS growth processor cannot predict, such as - :_Hahn, J. T; Hansen, M. H.; Fairweather, S. E. A Sampling procedure incorporating a growth simulator. St. Paul, MN: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, North Central Forest Experiment Station; (Manuscript in process). 3 COMPARING WISCONSIN'S FOURTH •INVENTORY WITH THE THIRD INVENTORY Data from new forest inventories are often cornpared with data from earlier inventories to determine trends in forest resources. However, changes in procedures and definitions between surveys often make it necessary to adjust earlier survey data so that they are comparable to data from the new survey. A consistency check was made for the Unit to ensure that the changes observed between inventories reflect actual changes in the resource and not changes in definitions or Procedures. ' Between the 1968 and 1983inventories of Southwest Wisconsin,a procedural change was made in the method of deriving annual growth and mortality estimates, Growth and mortality figures for the 1968 inventory were based on field estimates from nonremeasurement plots. Information gathered on remeasurement plots during the current inventory was used to adjust the STEMS estimate of growth and mortality. TRAS generates an estimate of what total removals had to be for the inventory to have changed as it did between surveys, given the volume, growth, and mortality data. Estimates of removals for products and for logging residues, two of the three components of total timber removals, were available from an independent utilization study. An estimate of "other" removals (see Definition of Terms in Appendix), the third component of total removals, was made by subtracting the first two removals components from the TRAS-generated total removals estimate. This estimate of "other" removals was compared with findings from remeasurement plots and new plots (stump counts and land use change) to check its validity. Total removals were average annual removals because the estimate of "other" removals was based on a removals trend line from 1968 to 1983. Log Grade In Wisconsin's Southwest Unit the butt log of every sawtimber tree on every full permanent sample plot was graded for quality. Butt logs were graded on the basis of external characteristics as indicators of quality. Hardwood species were graded according to "Hardwood Log Grades for Standard Lumber.''4 The best 12-foot section of the lowest 16-foot hardwood log, or the best 12-foot upper section if the butt log did not meet minimum log-grade standards, was graded as follows: Checking for Consistency • A test was .made to ensure that it was possible to move from the 1968 resource statistics to the 1983 values by means of Timber Resource Analysis System (TRAS), a USDA Forest Service computer program for updating, backdating, and projecting timber volume, growth, mortality, and removals. Using growth rates, mortality rates, and removals rates for the period between the two surveys, TRAS projected the inventory from 1968 to 1983. The program prints out volumes by diameter class for softwoods and hardwoods for selected years in the period. Thus, any inconsistencies in volume, growth, mortality, and removals could be identified. No adjustment of the 11968inventory was needed, 4Vaughn, C. L.; WoUin, C. A.; McDonald, K. A.; Bulgrin, E. H. Hardwood log grades for standard lumber. Res. Pap. FPL-63. Madison, WI: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory; 1966. 52 p. 4 ° Forest Service standard grades for hardwood factory saw logs Specifications Grading factors Position intree Scaling iameter, d inches Lengthwithouttrim, feet Min.length, feet Required lear c cuttings 3 ofeach Ofthree best aces" f Max. number Min proportion ofloglength required in clear cutting For logswithless •than one-fourth of endinsound defects For logswithmore than one-fourth of endinsound defects 7 2 5/6 Butts only _13-15 Loggrade 1 , , Loggrade 2 , i Loggrade 3 Buttsnd a uppers 8+ 12+ 3 3 2/3 8+ 2 No Limit 1/2 Buttsnd a uppers 16-19 10+ 5 2 5/6 3 2 5/6 20+ 211+ 10+ 3 2 2/3 Buttsnd a uppers 12+ 8-9 3 2 3/4 10-11 3 2 2/3 • 15percent 30percent 50percent Maximum sweep andcrook allowance 10percent 40percent s 20percent 50percent 8 35percent 50percent Maximum scaling deduction •_Ash basswood can and butts be12inches ifthey otherwise requirements meet forsmall #1's 2Ten-inch ofallspecies be#2 ifthey logs can otherwise requirements meet forsmall #1's 3A clear utt=ng c isaportion ofaface, extending width the ofthe face, isfree that ofdefects 'Aface isone-fourth ofthesurface ofthelog asdivided lengthwise sOtherwiselogs 41-60 #1 with percent deductions be#2 can 8Otherwiselogs 51-60 #2 with percent deductions be#3 can , , 5 Forest Service standard specifications for hardwood .construction logs (tie and timber logs) 1 Position intree Min.diameter, small nde Min.length,withouttrim Clear uttings c Sweep allowance, absolute • Single knots ' Whorled knots Butt ndupper a 8 inches + 8feet Norequirements. One-fourth fthediameter o atthesmall ndforeach8feetof e length. Anynumber, nooneknot if hasanaverage iameter bove d a the callus inexcess ofone-third fthelogdiameter point f o at o • occurrence. Anynumberfsumof knot iameters bove i d a thecallus does notexceed one-third fthelogdiameter point f o at o occurrence. Anynumber rovided p nonehasa diameter overone-third of thelogdiameter atpoint foccurrence, o andnone extends morethan inchesntoincluded 3 i timber. 2 Same timber.2 olimitifthey defects requirements into included N asforsound donot. iftheyextend Sound Norequirements. None allowed; logmustbesound internally, butwilladmitone shakenotto exceed one-fourth thescalingdiameter ndwill a admita longitudinal split notextending morethan5 inches intothecontained timber. soundsurface efects d ;. . Unsoundurface s deiects .... Holes Enddefects ' .. Unsound 'Thesepecifications Iogs,then s areminimumthequality If,fromagroup fortheclass. oftheconszruczion Iog, oflogs, actory sare,s.elected ! first,th._s logsfrom which.toelect s construction range logssoselec[ea is_m=zea, eclass onlynonfactory grade. anaz leaving beconsidered.a may .Ifselection foroonstruction logsisgiven firstpriority, itmaybenecessary tosubdivide theclass intogrades. " qncluded timberisalways quare, s anddimension isjudged fromsmall end. • " _ Softwood species were graded according to the following specifications on the following page. 6 Log Grades for Eastern White Pine Total ull c Sweep allowance Log Minimum size orcrook including grade Diameter_ Length' allowance sweep Inches Feet ........ Percent ........ 1 12& 13 8-16 20 50 . 14+ 2 _ 6+ • • . 3 6+ 8-16 40 . 50 10-16 8-16 20 30 50 50 Maximum weevil injury Number 0 0 0 Allowable size knot (inches) three faces 2on best or minimum clearness faces offour Inches Fouracesclearfull length f Twofacesclearfull length,or fourfacesclear percent 50 length(6feetmin. length)3 Sound knotsI.e.4D/6andlessthan3 inches s Unsound knots:I.e. 1V2 inchesandfor: butt, lots I.e. D/ 12upperlogsI.e. D/IOor fourfacesclear50percentof length 8-footlogs SoundknotsI.e. D/3andlessthan5 inches. 1weevil lO-foot+ logs: Unsound knotsI.e.D/6andlessthan 2 weevil 21,_ inches. 4 , 6+ 8-16 ' 50 50 Nolimit Nolimit _Plus trim. 2Disregard less _,_-inch allknots than diameter inallgrades. •lhesum ofthe diameter ofsoundnotslus thesum diameter k p twice ofthe ofunsound (ininches) than knots isless orequal ofthe to1/2 diameter ofthelog (inches). , 4I.e. means thanr less o equal tO. 5D means oflog d.i.b, atlocation ofknot. " LOG GRADES FOR JACK.PINE AND RED PINE LOG GRADF_ FOR ALL OTHER SOFTWOOD LOGS Grade 1 1. Logs must be 16 inches in diameter or larger, 10 feet or longer, and with deduction for defect not more than 30 percent of gross scale. 2. Logs must be at least 75 percent clear on each of three faces. 3. All knots outside clear cutting must be sound and not over 2V2-inches in size. Grade 2 1. Logs must be 12 inches in diameter or larger, 10 feet or longer, and with a net scale after deduction for defect of at least 50 percent of the gross contents of the log. 2. Logs must be at least 50 percent clear on each of three faces or 75 percent clear on two faces. Grade 3 Grade 1" logs with three or four clear faces. ._ Grade 2: logs with one or two clear faces. Grade 3: logs with no clear faces, After the tentative log grade is established from above,: the log will be degraded one grade for each of the following, except that no log can be degraded below grade 3. Net scale after deduction for defect must be at least _50 percent of the gross contents of the log. 1. Sweep. Degrade any tentative 1 or 2 log one grade if sweep amounts to 3 or more inches and equals or exceeds one-third the diameter inside bark at small , end. 2. Heart rot. Degrade any tentative 1 or 2 log grade if conk, massed, hyphae, or other evidence of advance heart rot is found anywhere in it. r'A [ace is one-fourth of the circumference in width extending full length of the log. Clear faces are those free Of: knots measuring more than I/2 inches in diameter, overgrown knots of any size, and holes more than I/4 inches in diameter. Faces may be rotated to obtain themaximum number of clear ones. . " 1. Lots must be 6 inches in diameter or larger, 8 feet or longer, and with a net scale after deduction for defect or at least 50 percent_ of the gross contents of the log. 7 Note: (A) Diameters are diameter inside bark (d.o.b.) at small end of log. (B)" Percent clear refers to percent clear in one _ continuous section. - Sycamore ................................. Platanus occidentalis Aspens Bigtooth aspen ................. Populus grandidentata Quaking aspen ...................... Populus tremuloides American basswood ......................... Tilia americana Beech .............................................. Fagus grandifolia Black walnut ....................................... Juglans nigra Black cherry .................................... Prunus serotina Butternut .......................................... Juglans cinema Elms American elm ........................... Ulmus americana Slippery elm ...................................... Ulmus rubra Rock elm ...................................... Ulmus thomasii . Hackberry ..................................... Celtis occidentalis Paper birch .................................... Betula papyrifera Black willow ............................................. Salix nigra Other hardwoods Boxelder ........................................... Acer negundo Black locust ........................ Robinia pseudoacacia Honeylocust ......................... Gleditsia triacanthos River birch. Betula nigra Red mulberry .................................... Morus rubra Blackgum ....................................... Nyssa silvatica Northern catalpa ........................ Catalpa speciosa Noncommercial species Mountain maple ............................ Acer spicatum Eastern hophornbeam ............. Ostrya virginiana Peachleaf willow .................... Salix amygdaloides American hornbeam ........... Carpinus caroliniana Hawthorn ....................................... Crataegus spp. Striped maple ..................... Acer pennsylvanicum Mountain ash ...................................... Sorbus spp. Pin cherry .......................... Prunus pennsylvanica Chokecherry ....................... Prunus virginiana TREE SPECIES GROUPS IN .'_SCONSIN 6 SOFTWOODS Jack pine ........ ................................. Pinus banksiana Red pine ....................... ............... Pinus resinosa Eastern white pine ............................. White spruce ..... .................................... Pinus strobus Picea glauca Black spruce ....................................... Picea mariana Balsam fir. .......................................... Abies balsamea Eastern hemlock ........................... (rsuga canadensis Tamarack ............................................. Larix laricina Eastern _redcedar .................... Juniperus virginiana Northern white-cedar ................ Thuja occidentalis Other softwoods Norway spruce ..................................... Picea abies Scotch pine ................................ Pinus sylvestris HARDWOODS White oaks White oak ...... ............................. Quercus alba Swamp white oak ......................... Quercus bicolor Bur oak ........... .................... Quercus macrocarpa Chinkapin oak ................. Quercus muehlenbergii Select_red oak Northern red oak .......................... Quercus rubra Other red oaks Northern pin oak ................ Quercus eUipsoidalis Black oak .................................... Quercus velutina Select hickory Shagbark hickory .............................. Carya ovata Other hickory Bitternut hickory ..................... Carya cordiformis Yellow birch ............................ Betula alleghaniensis . Hard maple Sugar maple ................................ Acer saccharum Black maple . ................................... Acer nigrum Soft maples _ Red maple ........................................... Acer rubrum Silver maple ............................. Acer saccharinum Ashes White ash ............................. Fraxinus americana Black ash ....................................... Fraxinus nigra Green.ash ................... Fraxinus pennsylvanica Balsam poplar .......................... Populus balsamifera EaStern Cottonwood ........... .......... Populus deltoides METRIC EQUIVALENTS OF UNITS USED IN THIS REPORT 1 acre = 4,046.86 square meters or 0.405 hectare. 1,000 acres = 405 hectares. 1 cubic foot = 0.0283 cubic meter. 1 foot = 30.48 centimeters or 0.3048 meter. 1 inch = 25.4 millimeters, 2.54 centimeters, or 0.0254 meter. 1 pound = 0.454 kilogram. 1 ton = 0.907 metric ton. DEFINITION OF TERMS _The common and scientific names are based on: Little, Elbert L. Check list of native and naturalized trees of the United States. Agric. Handb. 541. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service; 1979. 375 p. 8 Acceptable trees.-.Growing-stock trees of Commercial species that meet specified standards of size and quality. These trees would be favored by forest managers. Basal area.--The area in square feet of the cross section at breast height of a single tree. When the basal area of all trees in a stand are summed, the result is usually, expressed as square feet of basal area per acre. , Biomass.--The above-ground volume of all live trees . (including bark and foliage). Biomass is made up of 5 components: _ Growing-stock bole.--Biomass of a growing-stock tree from a 1-foot stump to a variable 4-inch top. Growing-stock tops and limbs.--Biomass of a growing-stock tree from a 1-foot stump minus the growing-stock bole. Cull bole.--Biomass of a cull tree from a 1-foot Stump to a variable 4-inch top. Cull tops and limbs.--Biomass of a cull tree from a 1-foot stump minus the cull hole. 1- to 5-inch trees.--Biomass of all live trees from -1to 5 inches in diameter at breast height. Commercial forest land.--Forest land producing or capable of producing ,crops of industrial wood and not withdrawn from timber utilization. (Note: Areas qualifyingas commercial forest land are capable of producing more than 20 cubic feet per acre per year of annual growth when managed. Currently inaccessible and inoperable areas are included except when the areas involved are small and unlikely to become suitable for producing industrial wood in the foreseeable future'.) Commercial species.--Trees species presently or • prospectively suitable for industrial wood products, (:Note; Excludes species of typically small size, poor form, or inferior quality such as hophornbeam and hawthorn.) County and municipal land.--Land owned by counties and local public agencies or municipalities, or tand _ leased to these governmental units for 50 years or-m_0re, Cull,--Portions of a tree that are unusable for indus•trial Wood products because of rot, form, or other defect, Diameter classes.--A classification of trees based on diameter outside bark, measured at breast height (4-1/2 feet above the ground). (Note: D.b.h. is the common abbreviation for diameter at breast height. Two-inch diameter classes are commonly used in Forest Survey, with the even inch the approximate , midpoint for a class. For example, the 6-inch class includes trees 5.0 through 6.9 inches d.b.h.) Farm.--Any land from which $1,000 or more of agricultural products were produced and sold during the year. Farmer-owned land.--Land owned by farm operators. (Note: Excludes land leased by farm operators from nonfarm owners, such as railroad companies and .States.) Fores_ land.--Land at least 16.7 percent stocked by forest trees of any size, or formerly having had such tree cover, and not currently developed for nonforest . use. (Note: Stocking is measured by comparing specified standards with basal area and/or number of trees, age or size, and spacing.) The minimum area for classification of forest land is 1 acre. Roadside, streamside, and shelterbelt strips of timber must have a crown width of at least 120 feet to qualify as forest land. Unimproved roads and trails, streams, or other bodies of water or clearings in forest areas shall be classed as forest if less than 120 feet wide. Also see definitions for land area, commercial forest land, noncommercial forest land, productive-reserved forest land, stocking, unproductive forest land, and water. Forest industry land.--Land owned by companies or individuals operating primary wood-using plants. Forest trees.--Woody plants having a well-developed stem and usually more than 12 feet tall at maturity. Forest type.--A classification of forest land based on the species forming a plurality of live tree stocking. Major forest types in the State are: Jack pine.--Forests in which jack pine comprises a plurality of the stocking. (Common associates include eastern white pine, red pine, aspen, birch, and oak.) Red pine.--Forests in which red pine comprises a plurality of the stocking. (Common associages include eastern white pine, jack pine, aspen, birch, and oak.) White pine.--Forests in which eastern white pine comprises a plurality of the stocking. (Common associates include red pine, aspen, birch, and maple.) Balsam fir.--Forests in which balsam fir and white spruce comprise a plurality of stocking with balsam fir the most common. (Common associates include white spruce, aspen, maple, birch, northern whitecedar, and spruce.) White spruce.--Forests in which white spruce and balsam fir comprise a plurality of the stocking with white spruce the most common. (Common associates include balsam fir, aspen, maple, birch, and northern white-cedar.) Black spruce.--Forests in which swamp conifers comprise a plurality of the stocking with black spruce the most common. (Common associates include tamarack, northern white-cedar, and balsam fir.) Northern white-cedar.--Forests in which swamp conifers comprise a plurality of the stocking with northern white-cedar the most common. (Common associates include balsam fir, black ash, spruce, and black spruce.) Tamarack.--Forests in which swamp conifers comprise a plurality of the stocking with tamarack the most common. (Common associates include black spruce, balsam fir, and aspen.) Oak-hickory.--Forests in which northern red oak, 9 " bur oak, or hickories, singly or in combination, comprise a plurality of the stocking. (Common associates include jack pine, aspen, birch, and maple.) . Elm-ash-soft maple.--Forests in which lowland elm, ash, cottonwood, and red maple, singly or in combination_ comprise a plurality of the stocking. (Common associates include aspen, birch, and balsam fir.) Maple.birch.--Forests in which sugar maple, basswood_ yellow birch, elm, and red maple, singly or in combination, comprise a plurality of the stocking, (Common associates include white pine, elm, hemlock, and basswQod.) Aspen.--Forests in which quaking aspen or bigtooth aspen, singly or in combination, comprise a plurality of the stocking. (Common associates include oak, pine, balsam fir, and paper birch.) "Paper birch.--Forests in which paper birch cornprises a plurality of the stocking. (.Common associates-include maple, aspen, and balsam fir.) Exotic.--Forests in which species not native to the State,comprise a plurality of the stocking. (Mostly Scotch pine plantations.) Gross area.--The entire area of land and water as determined by the Bureau of the Census, 1970. Growing-stock trees.--Live trees of commercial species, excluding rough and rotten trees, 'Growing-stock volume.--Net volume in cubic feet of growing-stock trees 5 inches d.b.h, and over, from a 1-foot stump to a minimum 4 inch top diameter outside bark of the central stem or to the point where the central stem breaks into limbs. Cubic feet can be converted to standard cords by dividing by -79. One standard cord is 128 cubic feet of stacked wood, including bark and air. Hardwo0ds.--Dicotyledonous trees, usually broadleaved and deciduous, . !die farmland.--Includes former cropland, orchards, improved pastures, and farm sites not tended within . the past 2 years and presently less than 16.7 percent stocked withtrees. ImprOved pasture.--Land currently improved for grazing by cultivating, seeding, irrigating, or clearing of trees or brush and less than 16.7 percent Stocked with live trees. _ Land area.=-A. Bureau of the Census. The area of dry land and land temporarily or partly covered by water such as marshes, swamps, and river flood plains (omitting tidal flats below mean high tide); streams, sl0ughsl estuaries, and canals less than one-eighth of a Statute mile wide; and lakes, reservoirs, and ponds less than 40 acres in area. B. Forest Inventory and Analysis.The same as the Bureau Of the Census, except minimum width of streams, etc., is 120 feet and minimum size of lakes, etc., is l acre. , Live trees.--Growing-stock, rough, and rotten trees 1 inch d.b.h, and larger. Log grades.--A classification of logs based on external characteristics as indicators of quality or value. (See Appendix for specific grading factors used.) Logging residues.--The, unused growing stock portions of trees cut or killed by logging. Maintained road.--Any road, hard-topped or other surfaces, that is plowed or graded at least once a year. Includes right-of-way that are cut or treated to limit herbaceous growth. Marsh.--Nonibrest land that characteristically supports low, generally herbaceous or shrubby vegeta. tion and that is intermittently covered with water. Merchantable.--Refers to a pulpwood or saw log section that meets pulpwood or saw log specifications, respectively. Miscellaneous federal land.--Federal land other than National Forest, land administered by the Bureau of Land Management, and Indian land. Miscellaneous private land.--Privately owned land other than fore_t-industry and farmer-owned land. Mortality.--The volume of sound wood in growingstock and sawtimber trees that die annually. National Forest land.--Federal land that has been legally designated as National Forest or purchase units, and other land administered by the USDA Forest Service. Net annual growth of growing stock.--The annual change in volume of sound wood in live sawtimber and poletimber trees and the total volume of trees entering these classes through ingrowth, less volume losses resulting from natural causes. Net annual growth of sawtimber.--The annual change in the volume of live sawtimber trees and the total volume of trees reaching sawtimber size, less volume ,losses resulting from natural causes. Net volume.--Gross volume less deductions for rot, sweep, or other defect affecting use for timber products. Noncommercial forest land.--(a) Unproductive forest land and (b) productive-reserved forest land. Noncommercial species.--Tree species of typically small size, poor form, or inferior quality that normally do not develop into trees suitable for industrial wood products. Nonforest land.--Land that has never supported forests, and land formerly forested where use for timber management is precluded by development for other uses. (Note: Includes areas used for crops, improved pasture, residential areas, city parks, improved roads of any width and adjoining clearings, powerline clearings of any width, and 1- to 40-acre areas of water classified by the Bureau of the Census as land. If intermingled in forest areas, unimproved roads and nonforest strips must be more than 120 10 feet wide.and more than I acre in area to quality as nonforest land.) a. Nonforest land without trees.--Nonforest land . with no live trees present, b. Nonforest land with trees.--Nonforest land with one or more trees per acre at least 5 inches d.b.h. Nonstocked land.--Commercial forest land less than 16.7 percent stocked with growing-stock trees, Other removals.--Growing-stock trees removed but not utilized for products_ or trees left standing but !!removed" from the commercial forest land classificati0n by land use change. Examples are removals from cultural operations such as timber stand improvement work, land clearing, and changes in land use. Ownership.--Property owned by one owner, regardless-of_he number of parcels in a specified area. Ownership size class.--The amount of commercial forest land owned by one owner, regardless of the number of parcels. Owner tenure:--The length of time a property has been held by the owner, Physiographic class.--A measure of soil and water conditions that affect tree growth on a site. The physiographic classes are: Xeric sites.--Very dry soils where excessive drain' age seriously limits both growth and species occurfence. Example: sandy jack pine plains, Xeromesic _sites.--Moderately dry soils where excessive drainage limits growth and species occurrence tosome extent. Example: dry oak ridge. Mesic sites.--Deep, well:drained soils. Growth and species occurrence are limited only by climate, .Hydromesic sites.--Moderately wet soils where insufficient drainage or infrequent flooding limits growth and species occurrence to some extent, Example: better drained bottomland hardwood sites, Hydric s_tes.--Very wet sites where excess water • seriously limits both growth and species occurrence, Example: frequently flooded river bottoms and spruce bogs. • Plant byproducts.--Plant residues used for products such as mulch, pulp chips, and fuelwood, , Plantresidues.--Wood and bark materials generated at manufacturing plants during production of other products, Poletimber stands.--(See stand-size class.) Poletimber trees.--Growing-stock trees of commercial Species at ieast 5 inches d.b.h, but smaller than sawtimber size. Productive-reserved forest land.--Forest land sufficiently productive to qualify as commercial forest land but Withdrawn from timber utilization through statute, administration regulation, designation, or exclusive use for Christmas tree production, as in. dicated by annual shearing. Productive-deferred.--Forest land sufficiently productive to quality as commercial forest land but presently withdrawn from timber utilization because it is being considered for possible inclusion into the Wilderness system. Rotten trees.--Live trees of commercial species that do not contain at least one 12-foot saw log or two saw logs 8 feet or longer, now or prospectively, because they do not. meet regional specifications for freedom from defect primarily because of rot; that is, when more than 50 percent of extra cull volume in a tree is rotten. . Rough trees.,-(a) Live trees of commercial species that do not contain at least one merchantable 12foot saw log or two saw logs 8 feet or longer, now or prospectively, because they do not meet regional specifications for freedom from defect primarily because of roughness or poor form, and (b) all live trees of noncommercial species. Roundwood products.--Logs, bolts, or other round sections (including chips from roundwood)cut from trees for industrial or consumer uses. (Note: Indudes saw logs, veneer logs and bolts; cooperage logs and bolts; pulpwood; fuelwood; piling; poles; posts; hewn ties; mine timbers; and various other round, split, or hewn products.) Salvable dead trees.--Standing or down dead trees considered merchantable by regional standards. Saplings.--Live trees 1 to 5 inches d.b.h. Sapling-seeding stands.--(See stand-size class.) Saw log.--A log meeting minimum standards of diameter, length, and defect, including logs at least 8 feet long, sound and straight and with a minimum diameter outside bark (d.o.b.) for softwoods of 7 inches (9 inches for hardwoods) or other combinations of size and defect specified by regional standards. Saw log portion.--That part of the bole of sawtimber trees between the stump and the saw log top. Saw log top.--The point on the bole of sawtimber trees above which a saw log cannot be produced. The minimum saw log top is 7 inches d.o.b, for softwoods and 9 inches d.o.b, for hardwoods. Sawtimber stands.--(See stand-size class.) Sawtimber trees.--Growing-stock trees of commercial species containing at least a 12-foot saw log or two noncontiguous saw logs 8 feet or longer, and meeting regional specifications for freedom from defect. Softwoods must be at least 9 inches d.b.h. Hardwoods must be at least 11 inches d.b.h: Sawtimber volume.--Net volume of the saw log portion of live sawtimber in board feet, International _/_-inch rule, from stump to a minimum 7 inches top diameter outside bark (d.o.b.) for softwoods and a minimum 9 inches top d.o.b, for hardwoods. 11 Seedlings.--Live trees less than 1 inch d.b.h, that are expected to Survive. Only softwood seedlings more than 6 inches tall and hardwood seedlings more than 1 foot tal! are counted, Short=log (rough tree).--Sawtimber-size trees of commercial species that contain at least one merchantable 8- to ll-foot saw log but not a 12-foot saw 10g. Site class.--A classification of forest land in terms of inherent capacity to grow crops of industrial wood based on fully stocked natural stands, Siteindex.--An expression of forest site quality based on the height of a free-growing dominant or codominant tree of a representative species in the forest type at age 50. Softwoods.--Coniferous trees, usually evergreen, having needles or scale-like leaves, Stalld.--A'growth of trees on a minimum of 1 acre of forest land that is stocked by forest trees of any size. Stand-age class.--Age of the main stand. Main stand refers to Crees of the dominant forest type and stand-size class, Stand:area class.--The extent of a continuous forested area of the same forest type, stand-size class, and stand-density Class. Stand-size class.--A classification of forest land based on the size class of growing-stock trees on the area; that is,sawtimber, poletimber, or seedlings and saplings, a. Sawtimber stands.--Stands at least 16.7 percent stocked with growing-stock trees, with half or more of total stocking in sawtimber or poletimber trees, and with sawtimber stocking at least equal to poletimber stocking, b. Poletimber stands.--Stands at least 16.7 percent stocked with growing-stock trees of which half or more of this stocking is in poletimber and/or sawtimber trees, and with poletimber stocking exceeding that of sawtimber. c. Sapling-seedling stands.--Stands at least 16.7 •percent stockedwith growing-stock trees of which more than half of the stocking is saplings and/or seedlings. d. Nonstocked stands.--Stands in which stocking , of growing-stock trees is less than 16.7 percent, State land.--Land owned either by States or leased to them, for 50 years or more. Stocking.--The degree of occupancy of land by trees, measured by basal area and/or the number of trees in a Stand by size or age and spacing, compared to the basal area and/or number of trees required to fully utilize the growth potential of the land; that is, the stocking standard, A stocking percent of 100 indicates full utilization of the site and is equivalent to 80 square feet of basal area per acre in trees 5 inches d.b.h, and larger. In . . a stand of trees less than 5 inches d.b.h., a stocking percent of 100 would indicate that the present number of trees is sufficient to produce 80 square feet of basal area per acre when the trees reach 5 inches d.b.h. Stands are grouped into the following stocking classes: Overstocked stands.--Stands in which stocking of trees is 134.0 percent or more. Fully stocked stands.--Stands in which stocking of trees is from 101.0 to 133.9 percent. Medium stocked stands.--Stands in which stocking of trees is from 61.0 to 100.9 percent. Poorly stocked stands.--Stands in which stocking of trees is from 16.7 to 60.9 percent. Nonstocked areas.--Commercial forest land on which stocking of trees is less than 16.7 percent. Timber removals from growing stock.--The volume of sound wood in growing-stock trees removed annually for forest products (including roundwood products and logging residues) and for other removals. Timber removals from sawtimber.--The net board-foot volume of live sawtimber trees removed for forest products annually (including roundwood products and logging residues) and for other removals. Timber products output.--All timber products cut from roundwood and byproducts of wood manufacturing plants. Roundwood products include logs, bolts, or other round sections cut from growingstock trees, cull trees, salvable dead trees, trees on nonforest land, noncommercial species, sapling-size trees, and limbwood. Byproducts from primary manufacturing plants include slabs, edging, trimmings, miscuts, sawdust, shavings, veneer cores and clippings, and screenings of pulpmills that are used as pulpwood chips or other products. Tree biomass.--The total aboveground weight (including the bark) of all trees from 1 to 5 inches d.b.h., and the total aboveground weight (including the bark) from a 1-foot stump for trees more than 5 inches in diameter. Tree size class.--A classification of trees based on diameter at breast height, including sawtimber trees, poletimber trees, saplings, and seedlings. Unproductive forest land.--Forest land incapable of producing 20 cubic feet per acre of annual growth or of yielding crops of industrial wood under natural conditions because of adverse site conditions. (Note: Adverse conditions include shallow soil, dry climate, poor drainage, high elevation, steepness, and rockiness). Upper stem portion.--That part of the bole of sawtimber trees above the saw log top to a minimum top diameter of 4 inches outside bark or to the point 12 where the central stem breaks into limbs, Urban and other areas.--Areas within the legal boundaries of cities and towns; suburban areas developed for residential, industrial, or recreational purposes; schoolyards; cemeteries, roads; railroads; airports; beaches; powerlines; and other rights-ofway; or other nonforest land not included in any Other specified land use class, Water.--(a) Bureau of the Census.--Permanent inland, water surfaces, such as lakes, reservoirs, and pondsat least 40 acres in area; and streams, sloughs, estuaries, and canals at least one-eighth of a statute mile wide. _ (b) Noncensus.--Permanent inland water sur, faces, such as lakes, reservoirs, and ponds from 1 to 39.9 acres in area; and streams, sloughs, estuaries, and canals from 120 feet to one-eighth of a statute mile wide. Wooded pasture.--Improved pasture with more than 16.7 percent stocking in live trees but less than 25 percent stocking in growing-stock trees. Area is currently improved for grazing or there is other evidence of grazing. Wooded strip.--An acre or more of natural continuous forest land that would otherwise meet survey standards for commercial forest land except that it is less than 120 feet wide. TABLES J AREA Table 1._ --Area of land by land class, 1968 and 1983 Table 2. --Area of land by land use class and county Table3. --Area of commercial forest land by ownership class and county Table 4. --Area of Commercial forest land by ownership class and site class Table 5. --Area of commercial forest land by owner' ship Class and stand-volume class • . Table 6. --Area of privately owned commercial forest land by ownership class, owner tenure, and size of holding Table 7. --Area of commercial forest land by forest type, stand-size class, and ownership class Table 8. --Area of commercial • type and county Table 9. --Area of commercial forest land by forest Table 18.--Area of noncommercial type forest land by forest NUMBER Table 19.--Number OF TREES for- of all live trees on commercial est land by species group and diameter class Table 20.--Number of growing-st0ck trees on cornmercial forest land by species group and diameter class VO]LUMI_ Table 21.--Net volume of growing stock on commercial forest la_d by species group, 1968 and 1983 Table 22.--Net volume of all live trees on commercial forest land by species group and diameter class Table 23.--Net volume of timber on commercial land by class of timber and softwoods hardwoods forest and forest land by county land by forest and stand-size class Table I0.--Area of commercial forest " • type, Table ll.--Area , type Tablel2.--Area type stand-size class, and site class of commercial forest land by forest and stand-age class of commercial forest land by forest and site-index class Table 24.--Net volume of growing stock, sawtimber, short-lbg, and rough and rotten trees on commercial forest land by individual species Table 25.--Net volume of noncommercial species on commercial cies forest land by individual spe- ' Table 13.--Area of commercial forest land by forest 'type, stand.size class, and basal-area class Table 14.--Area.of commercial forest land by stocking class of growing-stock trees and stand-size class . Table 15.--Area tions Table 16.--Area type of cOmmercial forest land in plantaby forest type and stand-age class of commercial forest land by forest and conifer understory species forest land by own- Table 26.--Net volume of growing stock on commercial forest land by species group and county Table 27.--Net volume of sawtimber on commercial forest land by species group and county Table 28.--Net volume of growing stock on commercial forest land by species group and diameter class Table 29.--Net volume of sawtimber on commercial forest land by species group and diameter 13 Table 171--Area of noncommercial ership class class Table 30.--Netvolumeofgrowingstock " forest land by species group Table 31.,-Net volume of sawtimber forest landby species group _ on commercial and forest type on commercial and forest type Table 47.--Net annual growth commercial forest stand-size class, and Table 48.--Net annual growth mercial forest land :of growing stock on land by forest type, basal-area class of sawtimber on cornby forest type, stand: Table 32.--Net volume of growing stock on commercial forest land by species group and ownership class Table33.--Net volume of sawtimber on commercial forest land by species group and ownership class Table 34.--Net volume of growing stock on commercial forest land by forest type and stand-age •class o Table 35.--Net volume of sawtimber on commercial , forest 'class land by forest type and stand-age size class, and basal-area class Table 49.--Current annual growing stock removals on commercial forest land by species group and county Table 50.--Current annual sawtimber removals on commercial forest land by species group and county Table 51.--Average annual growing-stock removals on commercial forest land by species group and county Table 52.--Average annual sawtimber removals on commercial forest land by species group and county Table 53.--Current annual growing-stock and sawtimber removals on commercial forest land by species group Table 54.--Current annual growing-stock and sawtimber removals on commercial forest land by item and species category Table 36.--Net volume of growing stock on commercial forest land by forest type, stand-size class, and basal-area class Table 371--Net volume of sawtimber on commercial forest land by forest type, stand-size class, and basal area-class Table 38.--Net forest grade volume of sawtimber on commercial and butt log land by species group MORTALITY Table 55.--Annual mortality of growing stock on commercial forest land by softwoods and hardwoods, 1967 and 1982 Table 56.--Annual mortality of growing stock on commercial forest land by species group and cause Table 57.--Annual mortality of sawtimber on commercial forest land by species group and cause Table 58.--Annual mortality of growing stock and sawtimber on commercial forest land by county and softwoods and hardwoods Table 59.--Annual mortality of growing stock and sawtimber on commercial forest land by ownership class and softwoods and hardwoods Table 39.--Net volume of short-log trees on commercial forest land by species group and diameter class (cubic feet) Table 40.--Net volume of short-log trees on commercial forest land by species group and di• • ameter class (board feet) GROWTH AND REMOVAI_ Table 41.-,Net annual growth of growing stock on commercial forest land by softwoods and hardwoods, 1967 and 1982 Table 42.--Net annual commercial _and county growth of growing stock on forest land by species group . Table 43.--Net annual growth of sawtimber on com.mercial forest land by species group and county Table 44.--Net annual growth of growing stock on commercial forest land by ownership class and softwoods and hardwoods Table 45.--Net annual growth of growing stock on commercial forest land by species group and type Table 46.--Net annual growth of sawtimber on commercial forest land by species group and type . , TIMBER PRODUCTS Table 60.--Output OUTPUT of timber products by product, soft- woods and hardwoods, and source of material Table 61.--Output of roundwood products by product, softwoods and hardwoods, and source of material Table 62.--Timber products from roundwood by species group and product Table 63.--Volume of primary plant residue by use and type of residue 14 BIOMASS Table 64.--A11 live tree biomass on commercial forest land by species group and forest type Table 65.--A1! live tree biomass by species tree biomass component group and SAMPLING ERRORS Table 66.--Sampling errors for estimates smaller than the Unit totals of growing-stock volume, net growth, removals, and area of commercial forest land Table 67.--Sampling errors for county totals of growing-stock volume, net growth, removals, and area of commercial forest land. -. Table 1.--Area of land by land class, Southwest Unit, Wisconsin, 1968 and 1983 (In thousand acres) Land class Forest land Commercial forest land Jack pine Red pine White pine Balsam fir White spruce Black spruce Northern white-cedar Tamarack Oak-hickory Elm-ash-soft maple Maple-birch Aspen Paper birch Nonstocked Subtotal Noncommercial forest land Unproductive Producti ve-reserved Subtotal Total Nonforest ]and C ropland Pasture and range Other Total Total land Water (Bureau of the Census) Total land and water 1-/U.S.Department of Comerce, 2/U S 1968 1983 • 21.8 23.4 2.6 .... -.... .... .... 867.9 93.7 324.9 75.0 34.7 49.1 1,493.1 7.0 12.3 19.3 1,512.4 2,935.5 743.3 987.9 4,666.7 6,179.1 123._11/ 6,302.7 ,1-/ 11.2 40.1 13.7 2.5 1,063.4 117.8 497.9 85.7 54.4 33.3 1,920.0 -38.8 38.8 1,958.8 2,902.6 712.5 576.6 4,191.7 6,150.5 136.622/ 6,287.12--/ - Bureau of Census, 1960. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Census, 1980. 15 o • Table 2.--Area of land by land use class and county, Southwest Unit, Wisconsin, 1983 (In thousand acres) All counties County Grant Iowa 184.5 1.9 186.4 136.0 4.7 140.7 Land use class Forest land •Commercial forest Unproductive forest Productive reserved • Total Nenf(Wrestland Nonforest with trees Cropl'andwith trees Improved pasture with trees •Wooded strips •Idlefarmland with trees Marsh with trees Urban and other windbreaks Windbreaks • Wooded pasture Subtotal Nonforest withou trees Cropland witho,_ trees Improved pasture without trees Idle farm withcut trees Marsh without trees Other farm-farmstead Urban and Othe_ Noncensus water • Subtotal Total Total land Water (Bureau of the Census)1_/ Total land and water _1/ . Buffalo Crawford Dunn 170.0 1.1 171.1 La Crosse 121.6 -121.6 Lafayett e 37.6 0.6 38.2 Pepin 53.4 0.5 53.9 1,920.0 187.9 167.8 .................. 38.8 5.5 1.0 1,958.8 193.4 168.8 7.4 115.9 10.2 12.5 12.7 8.7 12.2 47.4 227.0 2,895.2 549.2 20.5 55.1 66.0 372.1 6.6 3,964.7 4,191.7 6,150.5 136.6 6,287.1 ............. .... 2.4 2.7 ...... .... 2.4 2.8 -5.0 .... 2.6 ................ -2.8 2.6 5.5 2.8 15.0 225.7 148.0 265.4 5.2 7.5 41.3 ........ 2.5 5.0 9.9 2.5 2.5 2.4 12.8 27.5 41.1 ................ 248.7 254.2 447.6 6.6 454.2 190.5 193.3 362,1 20.7 382.8 360.1 375.1 546.2 6.5 552.7 9.1 31.2 2.6 -2.7 .......... .... 10.6 47.1 235.1 43.2 7.7 .... 12.7 298.7 345.8 486.5 4.1 490.6 ---1.2 -1.2 2.6 26.0 2.3 2.4 .... 4.7 38.0 ----- 21.2 30.3 415.8 72.3 .... 7.5 19.9 515.5 545.8 732.2 23.8 756.0 --62.7 19.2 4.8 2.4 4.8 93.9 93.9 147.8 11.1 113.9 226.7 -95.3 ...... 13.3 -2.6 42.6 5.1 169.8 171.0 292.6 14.8 329.7 367.7 405.9 11.1 307.4 417.0 158.9 (Table 2 continued on next page) -I/u°.s. epartment of Commerce, Bureau of Census, 1980. D • , 16 (Table 2 continued) Count), St. Croix Sauk 72.9 4.8 77.7 181.7 10.3 192.0 Land use class Forest Iand Commercial forest Unproductive forest Productive reserved Total Nonforest land Nonforest with trees Cropland with trees Improved pasture with trees Wooded strips Idle farmland with trees Marsh with trees Urban and other windbreaks Windbreaks Wooded pasture Subtotal Nonforest without trees Cropland without trees Improved pasture without trees Idle farm without trees Marsh without trees Other farm-farmstead Urban and other Noncensus water Subtotal Total Total land Water (Bureau of the Census) -1/ Total land and watem_1/ Pierce Richland Trempealeau 147.0 4.1 151.1 Vernon 200.3 2.1 202.4 100.6 158.7 ............ 1.5 0.7 102:1 159.4 _, ...... 9.7 2.2 4.9 ........ ...... 2.4 ........ 4.9 .......... 4.9 .... -2,8 .... 21.9 5.0 4.9 181.8 24.4 2.4 2.4 9.7 24.3 .... 245.0 266.9 369.0 9.7 378,7 149.3 38.2 -2.2 6.8 13.2 209.7 214.7 374.1 3.8 377.9 285.7 27.3 7.9 2.5 7.4 46.7 2.4 379.9 384.8 462.5 8.5 471.0 4.8 7.3 2.5 .... 18.1 2.6 -- 5.0 -2.5 2.5 --10.0 182.0 80.0 -2.5 40.0 -304.5 314.5 516.9 5.3 522.2 4.8 1_.4 219.0 34.0 2.5 4.9 14.5 48.3 1.6 324.8 344.2 536.2 6.7 542,9 2.5 2.7 25.9 184.1 61.3 .... 7.6 5.2 33.1 2.6 293.9 319.8 470.9 3.9 474.8 • 1/U - .S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Census, 1980. 17 18 o o • Table 5.--Area of commercial forest land by ownership class and stand-volume class, Southwest Unit, Wisconsin, 1983 (In thousand acres) . • , .... ' Ownership class National Forest Miscellaneous federal State County and mun'icipal Indian Forest industry Farmer Misc. private-corporation Misc. private-individual All owners Stand-volume class (board feet -1/) All Less than 1,500 to classes 1,500 5,000 5,000+ ........ 29.8" 14.9 9.0 5.9 34.8 17.3 11.7 5.8 10.9 10.9 ..... ........ ........ 1,255.9 407.4 586.8 261.7 92.8 32.4 57.3 3.1 495.8 215.6 199.6 80.6 1,920.0 698.5 864.4 357.1 1-/International I/4-inchrule. Table 6.--Area of privately owned commercial forest land by ownership class, owner tenure, and size of holding, Southwest Unit, Wisconsin, 1983 (In thousand acres) Size of holding (acres) 10121-50 51-100 500 - Ownership class AlI • . and owner tenure class sizes 1-4 5-10 11-20 . Forest industry 1-4 years .................... 5-9 years .................... 10'19 years -.................. 20+ years .................... AIl classes .................... Farmer 1-4 years 225.1 .... 16.3 5-9 years 298.1 5.6 -11.0 10-19 years 383.3 . 2.7 5.5 15.8 20+ years 349.4 5.4 14.1 7.4 All classes 1,255.9 13.7 19.6 50.5 Misc. priv -corporation 1-4 years 25.1 ...... 5-9 years 25.6 ...... 10-_9 years 28.2 ...... 20+ years 13.9 ...... All classes 92.8 ...... Misc, priv.-individual 1-4 years • 5-9 years 10-19 years 20+ years All classes _, All private Owners 1-4 years 5-9 years 10-19 years 20+ years All classes . 5012,500 2,5015,000 5001+ 60.2 82.9 111.6 79.0 333.7 5.6 5.4 3.3 2.7 17.0 49.2 48.6 41.2 17.0 156.0 115.0 136.9 156.1 98.7 506.7 53.7 84.0 100.6 123.4 361.7 5.5 5.6 8.9 -20.0 29.3 33.5 36.7 11.0 110.5 88.5 123.1 146.2 134.4 492.2 91.7 108.5 141.7 120.1 462.0 11.2 11.9 13.2 8.5 44.8 28.2 39.4 49.6 27.0 144.2 131.1 159.8 204.5 155.6 651.0 -3.2 6.1 .... 5.4 .... ...... 11.5 3.2 2.8 2.7 2.8 2.7 11.0 3.0 ...... 8.7 5.4 17.1 5.8 8.8 16.9 8.1 39.6 .... -.... .... ..... .... .... .... .... 3.2 .... .... .... 3.2 -- -- -- o 132.8 , 136.9 160.8 65.3 495.8 383.0 460.6 572.3 428.6 1,844.5 -6.0 -12.8 2.4 5.3 .... 2.4 24.1 -5.6 5.1 5.4 16.1 6.0 12.8 10.8 14.1 43.7 17.1 2.6 16.9 4.9 41.5 33.4 13.6 32.7 12.3 92.0 • -- -- 19 20 • •r..-'_ • • • • oO • • • • ,-4 • • • _ • • ,-4,--i • • C_l • • • : _ • C%lC,J_')r...4 • 0'1 _Ot._O ,::j..cv')(Y_ _L .r-- i "" L... 0 Q..U (','),.--4 • I..t')I • • I • !--I _ • I • _ • I • • J • t _ 1 • [._ • • (_ • O,,.J_.....4 L.. _0.) L cO l.,J_ ! ' ! , ! ' _(Y) t.._ .......... C%lq.-,,4_O ;.F') _,--I CO ,,--I _ CO_ £'%1 ,.-4 _ t,_ I.K) O0_f') r,,,O00.(_ _ ,--4 _0 ":::I" (,,e') ,-..4 ('v') e::J.. O0 C'_I O,J r-,,4 L_ £'Y'),l_,l:_.. ,,,,.,4,-,,-_ _ "_I"] 1 : I 0'1 _ 0'_-4_0'1 _0 _,,0,,,-_ r',.,. £"_I £'%1 0'1 ' t..,') e, I I I I I I I ;. f,,.,, :_ 0 • "I_ .r-- I I I I I I I ! , e'l I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I _ £0 _ 1 E I I ' ' ' ' I I I I ' '_'_' I I • _.__-._._ • C%J _J ' '_ • I I • o_) If) I ', , ,' ,' ', , I! , 1 I : I _. • C_JO0 !. _' • _' • • _I "_i I . I I . . _ ,,-,...... .-, ., _O ,.-, _o,.-..,.o O'I I.,") l.i') £'_Jl..,_ _ _ '--_ , ,oo _o , ,C_I C_I • . I o., _o ._ o, _ • , , , , ,,, , ! , : : , , _o,,'),,') •.., : oo • ,,_-I._,_I_ '--_ ¢'_ mI I • r.-"_ I I e:_.. _")£_ _ • _ _ • _') • • • O0_')I._(Y') • • 0'1 i--" tO4 -)¸l _" U'I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I l I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I l I I i I I I l .. - _ o,_,-., _.,,') ,., _ _ _d,,-: ,.,,o,_" _..oo N; _: " "_ "") g'-'°_ _ _ _ ' • c e- e- e- e- e- e'- e- _:_ o_, O r.. " '_ (/) ('- cO cO,.._ _,.0,) 4-) .,v) L O,,IJO .-_ .,_.) .,--_ (I) (3,)(/) u') _O C:: 4-) ._. _-- (I) fO O,I u_ E ul "_O f,-. (-.4-) L,,,"0,,I,._ -._ E ",- (" _.) .r.-4..).r._ ,..0 ¢0,)._ (].I . (3,)(/) u_ "O I=:: -I,.) _" _-O L. 0,,I.,0 0.1 OJ ul u') "_O _4-) ._-,--- _ 0,,_,,,_ "" .r-4-)",-- (I,) G) u') ul "_O C: 4..) ,--" O _ (1).0 (U 0,)(/I v) "_O _4,.) ,-- (0,,I,.0 0J (I) u_ u') "_O C:: _ _ "_ .._ _ It0,).,_ .,_.-r...1.).r-_ O.I (I) _n ¢/I "_O "10(_ _-- E ",r-.r--4-)-,"- "'"" ._ .r-. _ "'"'.C) .r-_ ._" E "'c: .,-- 4._ .r-. _0• _ _ _1 _=o')0._,/') .._(#)o._,/) _ E_/')_..c/') _ o,_,/)o,.o') =[; _.(,_o..(/) _ O..(./')r'_ O. _) 0¢/)0..o_) _ _" Z _-¢/)o..r./')Z ,=C Lb. U') I-- 21 Table 8.--Area of commercial forest land by forest type and county, Southwest Unit, Wisconsin, 1983 . (In thousand acres) o • ForestLtype Jack pine Red pine White pine Balsam fir White spruce Black spruce Northern white-cedar Tamarack Oak-hickory Elm-ash-soft maple Map!e-birch Aspen _ •Paper birch Exotic Nonsto(;ked •All t_pes AlI counties Buffalo Crawford Dunn 11.2 .... 2.6 40.1 .... 13.1_ 13.7 .......... .................. 2.5 ................ -................. .................. .................. 1,063.4 121.8 103.5 78.6 117.8 13.8 19.6 10.4 497.9 13.8 33.5 52.3 85.7 16.6 -7.8 54.4 19.1 5.6 5.2 ................ 33.3 , 2T8 5.6 .... 1,920.0 187.9 167.8 170.0 County Grant .... -Iowa La Crosse Lafayette 2.7 3.3 3.3 3.4 -.... .... Pepin 2.8 124.0 12.2 42.2 6.1 -- 100.9 8.3 16.0 2.7 2.7 2.7 79.3 6.6 13.2 9.2 3.3 ...... 121.6 21.2 -16.4 --- 25.3 8.4 11.3 2.8 2.8 184.5 136.0 37.6 53.4 (Table 8 continued) (Table 8 continued) County Forest type Jack pine Red "pine White pine Balsam fir White spruce Black spruce Northern white-cedar Tamarack Oak-hickory Elm-ash-soft maple Maple-birch Aspen Paper birch Exotic Nonstocked All types Pierce Richland St.Croix Sauk 2.5 5.0 Trempealeau .... 7.9 7.8 Vernon -2.5 ...... .... 8.1 ........ ............ .... 2.5 ............. ............ ............ 24.8 61.4 19.9 5.5 5.5 11.3 56.9 89.0 5.7 8.2 2.8 16.8 -. ...... ............ 5.2 -8.6 100.6 158.7 72.9 • • ...... 104.5 2.5 57.2 7.5 2.5 181.7 78.8 10.6 18.3 5.2 15.7 2.7 147.0 119.4 3.1 72.1 --3.2 200.3 • • • Table 9.--Area of commercial forest land by county and stand-size class, Southwest Unit, Wisconsin, 1983 (In thousand acres) Stand-size class AlI C ount_v Buffalo Crawford Dunn Grant Iowa La Crosse Lafayette Pepin Pierce Richland St. Croix Sauk TrempeaIeau Vernon All counties p Sawtimber stands 127.1 98 0 75.9 133.2 65.5 86.0 23.5 30.9 46.7 75.1 11.2 74.5 76.2 150.6 1,074.4 Poletimber stands 38.5 30.7 57.6 30.1 38.1 19.9 2.4 11.2 21.8 36.2 31.4 42.4 36.6 25.0 421.9 Sapling and seedling stands 19.5 33.5 36.5 21.2 29.7 15.7 11.7 11.3 26.9 47.4 21.7 62.3 31.5 21.5 390.4 Nonstocked areas 2.8 5.6 --2.7 ---5.2 -8.6 2.5 2.7 3.2 33.3 stands 187.9 167.8 170.0 184.5 136.0 121.6 37.6 53.4 100.6 158.7 72.9 181.7 147.0 200.3 1,920.0 • • • 22 o o , Table lO.--Area of commercial forest land by forest type, stand-size class, and site class, Southwest Unit, Wisconsin, 1983 (In thousand acres) .. Forest type and stand-size class Jack pine Sawtimber Po}etimber Sapling & seedling All stands Red pine Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling All stands White pine Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling AIl stands Balsam fir Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling AlI stands White spruce Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling AlI stands Black spruce Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling AlI stands Northern white-cedar Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedl ing AlI stands All classes 5.9 2.5 2.8 11.2 3.3 26.2 10.6 40.1 3.4 2.6 7.7 13.7 Site class (cubic feet of 9.rowt.h. acre per year).. per 225+ 165-224 120-164 85-119 50-84 20-49 .......... .......... ......... ........ .... .... .... .... ...... .... ...... .... 3.3 18.4 2.9 24.6 ..... 7.8 5.3 13.1 3.4 ...... - 5.1 8.5 5.9 2.5 -8.4 -.... 2.4 2.4 .... 2.6 2.6 ----- 2.8 2.8 J _ " 2.6 2.6 • .............. .............. .............. .............. .............. .............. 2.5 ........ 2.5 ........ .............. .............. .............. .............. .............. .............. .............. .............. (Table 10 continued on next page) • ; _ 2.5 2.5 --- t 23 (Table 10 continued) Forest type and stand-size class Tamarack Sawtimber Poletimber • Sapling & seedling AlI stands Oak-hickory Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling AlI stands ' Elm-ash-soft maple Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling Al I stands Maple-birch Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling • All stands Aspen Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling AlI stands Paper birch Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling All stands Exotic Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling AlI stands Nonstocked All types Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling Nonstocked All stands All classes Site class (cubic feet of growth per acre per ,year) . 225+ 165-224 120-!64 85-119 50-84 20-49 -............. .............. -"........... .............. 732.6 •187.7 143.1 1,063.4 64.9 17.5 35.4 117.8 223.3 119.0 155,6 497.9 22.1 39.1 24.5 85.7 18.9 27.3 8.2 54.4 .... ...... .... .... ...... ...... ...... ...... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... ...... .... 5,2 5.3 9.0 19.5 2.8 2.7 2.5 8.0 2.8 3.3 6.1 5.6 2.5 8.1 147.2 53.2 29.8 230.2 14.0 2.8 5,1 21.9 31,1 59.7 26.1 116.9 16.5 16.4 14.0 46.9 2.7 5.2 2.6 10.5 365.8 86.8 69.8 522.4 28.3 2.9 8.4 39.6 102.1 29.1 56.5 187.7 -13.8 2.8 16.6 10.7 8.0 -18.7 214.0 47.7 41.0 302.7 22.6 11.8 21.9 56.3 84.9 24.9 64.0 173.8 2 8 6.2 5.2 14.2 2.7 10.8 5.6 19.1 .............. .............. .............. .............. 33.3 ...... 1,074.4 421.9 390.4 33.3 1,920.0 .... .... .... ...... .... 19.7 32.3 16.9 68.9 8.7 214.9 145.1 88.0 8.7 456.7 11.1 506.9 140.6 147.8 11.1 806.4 13.5 332.9 103.9 137.7 13.5 588.0 . 94 o Table lO.--Ar.ea of commercial forest land by forest type, stand-size class, and site class, Southwest Unit, Wisconsin, 1983 (In thousand acres) .. Forest type and. stand-size class Jack pine Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling All stands Red pine Saw_cmber i Po]etimber Sapling &,seedling AlI stands Whillepine Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling A11 stands Balsam fir Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling All stands , Whit'espruce Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling AlI stands BIack spruce Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling AlI stands Northern white-cedar Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seed.lng i AlI stands - All classes 5.9 2.5 2.8 11.2 3.3 26.2 10.6 40.1 3.4 2.6 7.7 13.7 Site class (cubic feet of g.rowthpe.rac.rep e.ryear.) 225+ 165-224 120-164 85-119 50-84 20-49 .......... .......... ......... ........ .... .... .... .... ...... .... ...... .... 3.3 18.4 2.9 24.6 ...... 7.8 5.3 13.1 3.4 ...... 5.1 8.5 5.9 2.5 -8.4 2.8 2.8 J .... 2.4 2.4 .... 2.6 2.6 --- 2.6 2.6 --- .............. .............. .............. -, -........... .............. .............. 2.5 ........ 2.5 ........ .............. .............. .............. .............. .............. .............. .............. .............. (Table 10 continued on next page) 2.5 2.5 --- . • , 23 o o (Table 10 continued) Forest type and stand-size class TamaraCk Sawtimber Poletimber , • Sapling & seedling All stands Oak-hickory Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling A11 stands ' Elm-ash-soft maple Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling All stands Maple-birch Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling AlI stands Aspen Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling AlI stands Paper birch Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling All stands Exotic Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling A11 stands Nonstocked A11 types Sawtimber Poletimber S_pling & seedling Nonstocked All Stands All classes Site class (cubic feet of growth per acre per _ear) 225+ 165-224 120-!64 85-119 50-84 20-49 .............. .............. -"........... .............. 732.6 • 187.7 143,1 1,063.4 64.9 17.5 35.4 117.8 223.3 119.0 155.6 497.9 22.1 39.1 24.5 85.7 18.9 27.3 8.2 54.4 .... ...... .... .... ...... ...... ...... ...... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... ...... .... 5,2 5.3 9.0 19.5 2.8 2.7 2.5 8.0 2.8 3.3 6.1 5.6 2.5 8.1 147.2 53.2 29.8 230.2 14.0 2.8 5,1 21.9 31.1 59.7 26.1 116.9 16.5 16.4 14.0 46.9 2.7 5.2 2.6 10.5 365.8 86.8 69.8 522.4 28.3 2.9 8.4 39.6 102.1 29.1 56.5 187.7 -13.8 2.8 16.6 10.7 8.0 -18.7 214.0 47.7 41.0 302.7 22.6 11.8 21.9 56.3 84.9 24,9 64.0 173.8 2.8 6.2 5.2 14.2 2.7 10.8 5.6 19.1 • .............. .............. .............. .............. 33.3 1,074.4 421.9 390.4 33.3 1,920.0 ...... .... .... .... ...... .... 19.7 32.3 16,9 68.9 8.7 214.9 145.1 88.0 8.7 456.7 II. i 506.9 140.6 147.8 11.1 806.4 13.5 332.9 103.9 137.7 13.5 588.0 " • , 24 ,--o ("1 ,--o _ : : : : : : : :_.:_.: : : I _ ,--4 • • • • • • u • • el") CO _ c',,I ,-.4 _-=o _ ,...t _-,,'_ ,-.4 ,-4 i.C) _ I_ •n.P- h I i--.I r=.4 IIIIII • CO ,-4 Or,, -.4 P-4 • t'_ _ U (/) •i-_. •r_" :3 I !--I (3r_ .... .-e I--i IF) :: : • r_. _ • U (/) .i-_ _ _ r_ : ,,I:I'-_,,,IC) . .: : : : : _ @J _'_,, • • ,-'- .l_o :odd . v-...I . q:lP' I .--I (:_ ' -. 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Z 1= I-- .,-. _. 0 L_ Z r'_ _. 0 _: ,-,=[: O. _1Z 25 ..... + ,.-I I I I I +. _°°I"* I I I I I I I I I I I I °°I I = I I ";"_..I I °. ,-.4 ,-4 O ,-, oo t._ i-4 I I I I c""'I • • _• °°I • I '_ "'-'' i , _• • I I I I ', I I ', I I ='"I• • I °• _ ..+ i--t : I I I _o.+.. .... ,--4 ,---I .+ ,oo_ , • __. ,' o_ .°'°_' oo , - ,= , o..... : , I _._o+I _ oo OJ ..... ,--I CD ,-.4 - r-._O ,-4 c_ Ckl o ,-.4 I 04 %OOJ . . I O0. '_ .I _. , I . I , _ i <_O's IX_ OJ IX_ c,_ L O j L ..... -O"J 0004 ,--4 , , ,--4 • ¢%1 , ., • +, , + , , • .,+-+ o 1 ,, .... O_ + U'9 m.l o ,--I O0 (D L -" . : I I ,..,-,+,-.oo ,.--404 "4 '::1" "-4 ,.,:,, , + ,-4 _ ,'-.o ,--.e ,-.-I ,-.. O_ I '+ =':+""I ,..1I') C_ L ,--4 ° e_J OJ I:D" 01_ = In l _. +..-e t.n 11) ,..-. 1 1 1 ,--I,::::I"OO.i, o,9 • • i. 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I I I m _'_'_I. • • I 04 ",--I IX_ I'_ _C"_' I 1 O0 • 00 I ("_ • _ ,--I • 0 110"+O"%• I _ 0 • ,-"I • _ l I _ • 04 l I l I l I I I l I , I Jl I%O+" _ _ • _ l O_ _e Io _ o, 0_. , oi _, _-, I •- '_o,--+ _+d I ,oooo , ,_ ,-+ l 1.1 , "I • • uc') t.._ 09o") I , I 1 _ 1 I • l I I , , I • oj , , , , _ oo PO • _ O ,_ '= _i ,, , , _ O _m4" _ • .I I-• _D .... ,,-I ,-.I ,.-i f',_ e") ,,-+ ":::J" . _II 1 I 1. l , • l , l , _ ,'_ l , l , I , • _ ('s9 ,...-t 1 1 O£I .,i_ ,,ml" • 4 m+ (3,,1+ t_ _ _J I J+ Ij ._O r-.- ,-, • • • ,,:4" • O", t..") ,,_I" co i _")O • • _ • _- ,.-, ,.-, P"..- :m o") ,,_ • :,O • ,,:_I"<:m ,,:::I" (") • • • • Ore:l" c,9 ,--i • < r-.,-+ ,--+O ,-4 ,--+ Ckl_ ,-4 A "I_. '_" • P". In _ "_ _ .< _ •,-,,-"_ 03 _ _' or,-"_ <2,1 _ II _ tO _ _'oi-,"-_ 0,1 _ c" .r-i--"_ 0,1 C_ _'.,P-.. I-._ <2,1 _ _ .I.i-"_ 0,1 I_ t".r,--. _ 0,1 , (....-I..iI .._ 0,1 U . _ 0 OJ _.. _o_ O_.C_ .._ .,-. _ .r-_ _ _._ .4-* _.- _'_ _ 40 _-_o_ 0 <3,1,'-, _ 4--* J_" I_ _o_ _ t3_.1_ ,_ .IS ' _- _ OJ e'_ _ _ __ __ _1_1 <3,P.._. _ _ L Q_I_ 0,) e'j, .,- _ _ _ X _ _ '_I <_.I_ .._ .4.a m • ,.,., ,-..4 • _ ' 4-* .,"In >,,, O_ _,= _ ,,.,_ .r- ,-- ,.p-_++ ,,, "'- .,-4-* ",- ,-,=_ ,.,, t--.,. "- ",--r-- X:3 E "-=_ ,,, _ ,.-...,= C: , _-r-_-,4-_ ..... _ Iv _ -I-) ,0,),-_ 0 _ _..I._ I _ ,=_,-0 _ ' &.l-._ _==" _ _ _) 0 _ ' _ _ E "- t-= .,-.r-_ .,- ,-- .J_ .,-.,-- ,-..I.._ _,-_ 0 _ _ _ ...I-)<2,1 ._ 0 _ ,..., ,=,:,.,,, .,-"_ '+ _ '." , ,,,,=.,_ ,-, ,=,:,,,i .,®_,= _o_.,_ ,-,.. _.) _.',- 4--*",- _ ,,, .,-_,,-=, ,-0 _ 0 _+._ Ill, _ 0 -<_,.0 _ fn O ,-- .I-._% +"el.l...) _ _ c'- _ _ 0 _ 9.7 28 Table 16.... Area of commercial forest land with conifer understory by forest type and conifer understory species, Southwest Unit, Wisconsin, 1983 • (In thousand acres) Conifer understor species Z White Black Northern Eastern sp.ruce sp.ruce Hemlock white-cedar redcedar Forest type AlI species White pine Red pine Jack pine Balsam fir Other softwoods Jack pine 5.3 2.5 -2.8 .............. Red pine 7.7 2.5 2.6 2.6 .............. White pine 7.7 7.7 .................. Balsam fir ...................... White spruce 2.5 ........ 2.5 .......... Black spruce ...................... Northern white-cedar ...................... Tamarack ....................... Oak-hickory • " 48.9 11.5 2.6 ............ Elm-ash-soft maple ....................... Maple-birch 26.7 5.9 -2.6 -. ........ Aspen 5.0 2.5 .............. Paper birch 2.8 ................. Exotic....................... .Nonstocked 5.7 3.2 .............. AlI types 112.3 35.8 5.2 8.0 -2.5 ...... J 34.8 18.2 2.5 2.8 2.5 60.8 ------- Table 17.--Area of noncommercial forest land by ownership class, Southwest Unit, Wisconsin, 1983 (In thousand acres) All areas Productivereserved areas 7.6 21.9 2.6 2.3 4.4 38.8 Unproductive areas ------- • • Ownership class National Forest Miscellaneous federal State County and municipal Indian Forest industry Farmer Misc. private-corp. Misc. private-indiv. Total • • ...... 7.6 21.9 2.6 ...... ...... 2.3 4.4 -..... 38.8 • Table 18.--Area of noncommercial forest land by forest type, Southwest Unit, Wisconsin, 1983 (In thousand acres) All areas Productivereserved areas Unproductive areas , Forest t_pe ' ' Jack pine Red pine White pine Balsam fir White spruce BIack spruce Northern white-cedar Tamarack Oak-hickory Elm-ash-soft maple Maple-birch Aspen Paper birch Exotic Nonstocked Ali types • • • ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... 14.9 13.2 6.2 1.8 ...... 2.7 ...... 38.8 14.9 13.2 6.2 1.8 2.7 38.8 ------- 29 31 o o , • . Table 21.--Net volume of growi.ng stock on commercial forest land by species group, Southwest Unit, Wisconsin, 1968 and 1983 (In thousand cubic feet) _, _ • - - species group . . Softwoods Jack pine Red pine ' White pine White spruce Black spruce Balsam fir Hemlock Tamarack Eastern redcedar Northern white-cedar Other softwoods Total Hardwoods White oak Select red oak Other red oak Select hickory Other hickory Basswood Beech Yellow birch Hard -mapl e Soft maple Elm Black ash White and green ash Cottonwood Willow Hackberry Balsam poplar -Bi gtooth aspen Quaking aspen Paper birch River birch Black cherry Black walnut Butternut . .Other hardwoods Total All species • . 1968 5,000 7,400 8,800 ---..... .100 ---. 200 ' 1983 7,060 67,514 14,•305 310 914 194 -1,479 --91,776 278,311 403,571 175,245 74,011 40,08.3 124,839 1,263 116,869 91,605 88,963 14,133 44,283 18,288 6,822 ' I,635 1,466 87,754 79,237 91,251 5,940 47,829 16,233 21,628 12,636 1,843,895 1,935,671 . • ,., 21,500 ... 161,500 308,000 122,200 46,300 17,300 62,200 .... 1,000 65,400 65,800 112,500 8,900 22,900 9,800 4,700 700 300 70,000 66,100 38,800 5,100 13,100 4,900 7,900 3,200 i,218,600 1,240,100 ' • ' ' . "" . .. ' • + •' 32 _33 o o • C Table 23.--Net volume of timber on commercial forest land by class of timber and softwoods and hardwoods, Southwest Unit, Wisconsin, 1983 • .. (In thousand cubic feet) All Class of timber Live.trees. Growing-stock trees Poletimber Sawtimber Saw log pqrtion Upper stem portion Subtotal species Softwoods Hardwoods 717,804 819,296 398,571 1,217,867 1,935,67I 63,898 21,419 6,459 27,878 91,776 653,906 797,877 392,112 1,189,989 !,843,895 . , _. Total 9.row.i.ng..sto.c.k CulI trees Rough and rotten cull trees Poletimber Sawtimber Subtotal Short-log trees Total culI All live trees Salvable dead trees Growing-stock trees CulI trees All salvable dead trees All classes 151,498 232,722 384,220 123,433 507,653 2,443,324 32,932 2,269 35,201 2,478,525 2,566 1,910 4,476 170 4,646 96,422 593 -593 97,015 148,932 230,812 : 379,744 123,263 503,007 2,346,902 32,339 2,269 34,608 2,381,510 • " 34 Table 24.--Net volume of all live trees by individual species., Southwest Unit, Wisconsin, 1983 All live trees " SpeciesSoftwoods Jack pine . Red pine White.pine _ White _pruce Black spruce Balsam fir EasterB redcedar J Total Hardwoods White oak Swamp white oak Bur oak • Northern red Oak Northern pin oak Black oak Shagbark.hickory . Bitternut hickory Pignut hi.ckory American basswood Yellow birch • _ Black maple Su.garmaple Red maple Silver maple' .American elm SlipperY elm Rock elm Black ash White ash Green ash Eastern cottonwood Black willow Hackberry Balsam poplar Bigtooth aspen Quaking aspen Paper birch River birch Black cherry Black walnut Butternut , Boxelder Honeylocust Black'locust Total ' , Total all live Growing stock Short-log cull Rough and rotten cull Total saw loq Saw-log size trees Sawtimber Short-log 9,448 68,175 14,713 , 310 914 194 2,668 96,422 295,360 9,343 84,365 474,.928 114,828 143,057 87,606 42,851 78 150,465 1,468 ' 1,502 148,375 50,702 63,806 81,790 35,376 1,059 15,835 40,499 9,756 19,526 9,828 1,844 1,466 91,861 88,871 106,429 7,088 63,769 19,420 35,561 21,619 1,193 4,083 2,325,607 2,422,029 -Thousand cubic feet 7,060 170 2,218 67,514 -661 14,305 -408 310 .......... 914 .......... 194 .......... 1,479 -1,189 91,776 170 4,476 217,978 8,125 52,208. 403,571 68,526 106,719 74,011 40,083 .... 124,839 1,263 1,309 115,560 39,969 51,636 58,366 29,538 1,059 14,133 35,583 8,700 18,288 6,822 1,635 1,466 87,754 79,237 91,251 5,940 47,829 16,233 21,628 8,343 1,128 3,165 1,843,895 1,935,671 25,563 410 6,671 24,646 8,803 12,131 1,724 246 5,076 -193 9,745 2,761 2,888 7,491 1,077 .... 257 1,789 231 734 788 -.... 1,719 -2,161 645 1,647 478 1,990 1,399 --123,263 123,433 51,819 808 25,486 46,711 37,499 24,207 11,871 2,522. 78 20,550 205 -23,070 7,972 9,282 15,933 4,761 1,445 3,127 825 504 2,218 209 2,388 9,634 13,017 503 14,293 2,709 11,943 11,877 65 918 358,449 362,925 -Thousand board feet .... _/ 19,614 19,028 586 73,260 73,260 -57,982 57,982 -- i.,837 152,693 1,837 152,107 -586 67,156 1,036 17,949 55,877 20,047 27,567 4,581 688 11,204 -510 24,258 7,466 7,444 19,082 2,735 -738 4,099 498 2,451 2,385 --2,890 -5,886 2,121 4,245 1,295 5,362 5,028 --304,598 305,184 . . " 892,790 825,634 29,938 28,902 201,068 183,119 1,754,830 1,698,953 255,117 235,070 449,917 422,350 166,277 161,696 30,583 29,895 ...... 398,246 387,042 3,262 3,262 7,129 6,619 442,700 418,442 98,548 91,082 182,164 174,720 165,302 146,220 81,456 78,721 3,937 3,937 31,624 30,886 104,998 100,899 30,599 30,101 76,434 73,983 21,673 19,288 4,632 4,632 6,428 6,428 253,397 250,507 136,605 136,605 121,007 115,121 16,050 13,929 70,654 66,409 60,946 59,651 66,191 60,829 18,574 13,546 2,535 2,535 5,993 5,993 6,191,604 6,344,297 5,887,006 6,039,113 All species_/ = , 1JInternational V4-inch rule. 2--/Theseotals do not include volume for noncommercial species. t • Tabl.e25. in J Volumes for individual noncommercial species are found 85 -- Table 25.--Net volume of noncommercial species on commercial forest land by individual species, Southwest Unit, Wisconsin, 1.983 (In thousand cubic feet) . .. Species Apple Eastern hophornbeam Pincherry All species CulI volume 1,104 19,145 1,046 21,295 • . J Table 26.--Net volume of growing stock on commercial forest land by species group and county, Southwest Unit, Wisconsin, 1983 (In thousand cubic feet) " All S.pec.ies group ..... counties Buffalo Crawford Dunn Softwoods" Jack pine 7,060 .... 2,578 Red pine 67,514 5,415 -24,472 White pine 14,305 .... 1,634 • White spruce 310 ................ ' Black sprace 914 ................ .. Balsam fir 194 ................ " Hemlock , -................. Tamarack .................. Eastern redcedar 1,479 ...... Northern white-cedar .................. Other softwoods .................. Total Hardwoods White oak "Select red oak Other red oak Select hickory Other hickory Basswood Beech .Yellowbirch ," Hard .maple Soft maple Elm ' ., ,Black .ash White & green ash Sycamore " Cottonwood Willow. ' Hackberry Balsa_ poplar Bigtooth aspen Quaking aspen Paper.birch Bl.ackcherry Black walnut Butternut Other hardwoods .Total All Species 91,776 5,415 -28,684 County Grant Iowa .... -1,082 La Crosse 3,596 6,281 2,496 Lafayette .... .... -- Pepin 191 2,663 168 259 ........ 1,341 2,854 12,373 15,884 37,183 13,929 10,160 992 5,500 -11,487 1,896 4,126 355 182 3,071 168 3,382 10,063 279 --4,227 •- 278,311 22,624 24,513 25,775 41,746 23,203 403,571 54,034 40,838 36,716 36,821 14,001 175,245 31,029 14,009 10,999 21,539 9,940 74,011 10,044 11,023 -4,794 6,322 40,083 235 5,627 902 2,335 2,589 124,839 5,186 10,993 9,075 12,071 6,308 .................. 1,263 .... 842 .......... 116,869 664 11,069 11,473 10,995 3,556 91,605 4,938 14,914 15,442 9,385 2,573 88,963 7,385 9,674 5,147 12,540 6,839 14,133 -1,835 3,016 1,129 2,171 44,283 2,928 6,309 5,274 2,843 2,200 18,288 2,377 279 320 759 1,204 6,822 -1,485 499 -430 1,635 78 .... 130 -1,466 419 .............. 87,754 17,395 7,610 14,380 2,592 3,036 79,237 17,908 1,629 9,036 6,163 4,948 91,251 24,350 5,405 8,389 3,534 3,208 5,940 514 600 -2,352 1,084 47,829 9,598 1,244 1,540 1,326 3,781 16,233 -3,533 262 5,813 3,207 21,628 1,110 1,628 1,357 2,094 948 12,636 3,839 470 -458 1,727 1,843,895 216,655 174,687 160,444 181,419 103,275 1,935,671 222,070 174,687 189,128 .... 4,597 4,913 775 -3,237 618 110 6,159 4,989 8,463 968 3,558 -1,863 761 124,659 -2,203 -1,075 --.... -1,131 --2,730 635 --28,891 2,524 5,640 2,134 1,421 1,800 1,357 1,558 3,813 1,800 2,774 422 368 -513 454 44,529 182,760 106,129 137,032 28,891 44,697 (Table 26 continued on next page) 36 _. (Table 26 continued) Count_ St. Croix Sauk " , .J _. Species group . Softwoods Jack plne Red pine White pine White spruce BIack spruce Balsam fir Hem]ock o Tamarack Eastern redcedar Northern white-cedar Other,softwoods Total _ 'Hardwoods Pierce Richland ...... 3,331 -...... .... ...... ...... ............ ............ ...... ............ ............ 3,331 -- Trempealeau Vernon 7,475 310 886 .... 7,442 12,907 2,690 2,247 ...... 914 .... 194 .... -1,325 160 1,060 -- 7,785 3,920 5,889 3,305 -151 2,734 12,286 26,652 51,839 14,126 7,582 5,253 12,260 421 4,770 19,834 6,457 162 2,974 -126 14,002 7,980 1,860 16,214 16,599 . 26,656 28,272 3,739 1,348 2,907 .... -4,556 2,255 -193 1,946 2,048 -1,047 5,357 2,399 16,760 6,340 -542 122,964 139,178 1,325 38,613 57,728 14,072 11,965 5,139 25,893 • " . " . . _ • White oak Select red oak Other red oak Select-hickory Other hickory Basswood Beech Yellow birch Hard maple Soft maple Elm Black ash White & green ash Cottonwood Wi]low Hackberry Balsam poplar Bigtooth aspen Quaking aspen Paper birch River birch Black cherry B]ack waInut Butternut Other hardwoods Total All species 5,356 18,557 11,476 18,431 3,217 6,403 -8,027 2,475 12,855 9,698 14,916 ............ ...... 22,926 27,209 -7,317 5,002 12,118 -548 3,104 6,648 2,131 2,088 -184 -1,110 ........ 1,885 7,187 3,490 1,499 3,111 4,096 ............ 2,618 -2,959 1,445 80,893 84,224 2,903 423 4,851 1,269 158,639 158,639 --1,033 2,555 2,732 188 .... -3,174 13,651 6,070 21,683 2,409 11,263 521 6,203 2,402 -81 -1,164 2,614 3,231 5,933 2,360 3,473 175 216,922 218,247 -5,890 ...... 253 579 1,496 -47,151 54,936 182,767 195,053 • . . . 3? o o , Table 27.--Net volume of sawtimber on commercial forest land by species group and county, Southwest Unit, Wisconsin, 1983 (In thousand board feet)l--/ AlI. Species_g.r.o.up counties Buffalo Crawford Softwoods •Jack pine . 19,028 .... Red pine _ 73,260 2,993 -White pine 57,982 .... White spruce _ -............. Bl ack spruce .................. Balsam fir .................. Hemlock . -................. Tamarack ............... EaStern redcedar 1,837 ...... Northern whire-cedar .................. •Other.softwoods .... 2,993 86,854 206,157 124,988 21,850 1,202 11,516 _.... 83, 18; 176,224 45,740 11,279 5,698 28,736 Dunn 5,163 19,251 7,207 Grant Co.u.nty Iowa La Crosse , Lafayette__ Pepin -.... -,."" -654 "" .... .... 6,298 14,234 13,865 _ 30,121 14,283 "" 943 . ...... 31,621 153,370 7,i41 85,681 149,716 164,905 26,077 79,005 -14,301 -4,980 30,418 39,368 14,234 100,576 i 58,269 57,807 57,240 160,386 37,232 50,751 18,836 21,376 1,071 3,800 16,282 13,225 ........ .. "_ "" "- . -Hardwoods . Total 152,107 White_oak 1,037,655 Se1ect red oak 1,698,953 Other red.oak 657,420 Select hickory 161,696 Other hickory 29,895 Basswood 387,042 Beech ................... Yellow birch 3,262 • " Hard maple 425,061 Soft maple 265,802 :Elm 228,878 _Blackash 30,886 White & green ash 131,000 Cottonwood 73,983 Willow 19,288 Hackberry 4,632 Balsam poplar 6,428 • Bigtooth aspen 250,507 Quaking aspen 136,605 Paper birch 115,121 River birch 13,929 • Black cherry 66,409 Black walnut 59,651 BUtternut 60,829 Other hardwoods 22,074 Total ' 5,887,006 '-All Species 6,039,113 -654 54,125 , 10,961 .8,956 37,803 17,879 1,294 976 -.... 8,483 15,479 ' -10,300 19,966 6,873 4,227 4,986 3,892 6,783 .... 2,503 ...... 1,574 31,952 30,957 44,562 9,831 23,294 43,192 44,149 40.,561 5,771 17,552 24,251 13,837 39,889 17,697 -1,137 5,688 4,908 -9,678 21,499 21,057 11,165 3,617 8,538 1,268 1,437 3,225 5,366 -4.,545 2,063 -1,022 ................. 1,945 .............. 54,638 13,125 47,951 7,521 7,101 49,376 3,590 6.,797 1,070 -28,368 14,409 12,395 4,526 6,060 970 2,726 -1,606 2,202 15,182 -1,948 1,634 6,957 -10,643 -25,426 10,696 1,611 7,198 5,939 -2,852 -2,455 881 -2,622 2,460 667,748 531,580 488,613 644,644 312,869 670,741 531,580 520,234 651,885 .... 8,519 11,122 1,710 -13,767 .... -6,170 -4,516 -- , 17,109 -5,823 1,149 6,595 -4,430 -6,816 3,408 ...... 7,402 -3,128 -393,766 105,662 15,083 3,188 1,912 1,995 -1,612 1,325 147,679 .- 327,103 452,035 105,662 148,333 (Table 27 continued on next page) 1-/international 1/4-inchrule. '38 l _. '" (Table 27 continued) County Sauk Trempealeau Vernon , - _ _ .- Species gr..oup Softwoods Jack pine Red pine White pine White spruce Black spruce Balsam fir Hemlock Tamarack ' Eastern redcedar Northern white-cedar Other softwoods Total Hardwoods White oak Select red oak Other red oak Select hickory Other hickory Basswood Beech Yellow birch Hard maple Soft maple Elm Black ash White & green ash Cottonwood Willow Hackberry Balsam poplar Bigtooth aspen Quaking aspen Paper birch River birch Black cherry Black walnut Butternut Other hardwoods Total .Al.l..species Pierce Richland St. Croix ............ 13,479 -...... ............ ............ ............ ............ ........ ...... ............ ............ 13,479 -- 3,243 4,173 10,553 .... -- 4,753 " 894 .... .... 3,243 15,620 -- 4,753 152,049270,544 59,107 34,817 3,392 84,738 . • • . . , , _ - 16,525 63,188 6,233 105,801 60,998 47,333 75,642 18,646 210,438 114,963 14,799 27,004 10,606 58,479 104,459 -24,747 -12,496 1,018 5,371 2,406 -1,975 -34,615 54,653 9,999 34,883 4,647 ............ ...... 759 .... 88,301 111,002 -12,693 --22,511 -33,827 17,556 13,704 32,325 3,283 9,005 4,966 .... 10,437 953 -6,508 26,474 1,074 5,476 1,057 8,205 9,505 819 -8,021 -819 ..... 4,056 -4,632 ........ ........ 4,483 6,636 21,226 11,528 31,448 15,619 3,423 4,730 30,845 18,473 8,141 4,917 1,610 5,773 1,183 27,373 ............ 1,324 2,906 -6,732 13,130 .......... 8,119 8,302 -3,507 -5,757 2,560 886 ...... 265,537 496,242 110,129 548,128 390,487 279,016 496,242 113,372 563,748 390,487 83,889 6,456 28,204 1,826 13,893 9,940 --1,522 --6,372 12,886 14,287 783,922 788,675 39 ! r,... n.c_ CO (%1 ,r-,o (",') _ 0C) o_ ,--'- _ O'_ CX) ¢%1c") : : : : : : : : : I I : , '%'°" ,,, .,, ,_ ('v") _ a") _: ,_, c,,') :__ ,,, ,,,., qcl" ,_1- ('e) _ ,,, _ _ ,,, _ ,,, g ,rO •r,. • • _ _ r"_ _ e-,,oO_, cO (_") .-o ,_-.o _,-,,o ,c_" ,-.o ¢",,d _ oO ¢%1_,,,O" "_ o,J _ ¢'_J O r",,., o,,t')i",,.,, ,,,-,4r'.,,,,¢",,,d (","# _ _ _('_-_._ _ _ • ., ,-_ c,,..l a,,) 3: .--._o _ i_ _I _ ..,,,,e) c,,, _ ,.-,. 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V_ u_ o _.mm.._ oa.m.c:a. _ m_r,. r. .co _P _-_=:,-_'®==" "" 7_Ng ®o ,, ® ® ,, or..,.-= o.,- :__, _o 4O o , + •• CO _ . I IIIII IIII I I '_=)I I I'_I I_'°_II_I 00(30 _ _,,0 C'_,I,_1" _ I I I I I I I I I I_ _ . ('*,,1o"_ 0 U • ,,u-, CO P_ uD _ _,,."_ _ '_t" _ ,-0 = If:: ' _I _-I I I ' l--I r"_ C_I _{:) C_I _'_I _XdL'M L."I CM I__ __, L'_l _--I _ _ ''° " " P_I ® _ O ._._. , . ' -_..-. ' o_, ,....4_,J _I I_, _' _' I I I I I I Io _=_Iml __,-, _ I__ ('_ _'_ _ I_.o_" m _ _, _,-. I I_ I I _'oI_ I I N _ _'1 I .. • _ • _I _:'-',-i I '_,_ i_ ,_ ,_m_._N CM I'_. O_ _---O C_I Of') I IN °'_N'° _ I&1 ('_IC_I r,-0 _-..0 _ _ m a_ _ _ _ _ _ I._ I._ I"_ r,... _ i--4 "_" O .0_ _, _ _J r_ 0 .'_; oo_ . I _I I I I I I I IN _"_"°_ ....... ,-_ (_1 _-_ I"_=_==_ ,_ ,..._ _ I='_'_='_=='I _,-,,.-, = _ 0 _i ,_, o Q O0 O0 r'.,. Cr_ ,,,0 e--_ ,.-. _ 0 ,-,_ ,Z-gd m o_g,.7._,So_ ,-Tgc_c_gg_Zdd._,.,C._.,.,Cgdc_ d • ' _'_ I I _ _ l ,-, _=,,-,,-.oo= I I _°_°_'''''° I _''°_°_°°_° _Ni 0 ,, . _ " ' q-. _J L'%I _0 00 (_ uI') _10_ O_ ,_1- _0 _1_ _ I_ (:IO _ O0 O0 (_ (_1 _ _ L'%IL'_4 _ u_ _11_ ' Z ._' l ¢_ _ '_, • • ' . _" ' _ i--._. _'_ I'-' _. I;-'0 _ _._ '_-m _ _ _b ®_o0 '__'_ _._i _ :_ ".I L. I:: _ v) 0 _ ,v ,_,- _-_. = "o,_ -_ _ .,'_, --:_._ = •® {..-_ _'_ 0 03_ ,.®=_ _I = _., II-_O CI" e" _I_ _ .... I- o "_ _l_ _--.l_ _$" = _ _ e," _l_l .,o _= f'_ll _, _. _,,, U .e-. "1_ _-._ _ .e,-j,-_.-,-. .l_ ._. _" I_. ; VI a_,_l_ _ _ _. e.. -_ _L" L. .e.. 1_._4 - 0p• ._" ,, ,'-_ _ .... e_ ._= "_ ::I "_ _,-. . I-- I._ Z _ _ _ • =_ ?: (_ t._ _ ,--'--',-=._.,-.,-',--_ >-. "-_" _ I._I e_ ::I ¢.,_ ::I ::_ _ e_ ee_ C_'_D. _ e_ e_ _I_ _ I 41 Table 30.--Net volume of growing stock on commercial forest land by species group and forest type, Southwest Unit, Wisconsin, 1983 (In thousand cubic feet) _. . All Jack Red White pine . Forest tj/pe Balsam fir White spruce Black spruce Northern whitecedar "Specie's.group __ types pine pine Softwoods Jack pine 7,060 5,571 1,250 Red pine 67,514 1,137 56,641 White pine 14,305 . 976 1,478 White spruce 310 -310 Black Spruce 914 -914 Balsam fir 194 -194 ,Hemlock ................. Tamarack ................ Eastern redcedar 1,479 . -............. Northern white-cedar ................ Other softwoods ................. Total Hardwoods .White oak Select•red oak Other red oak Select hickory Other hickory BasswQod Beech . Yellow birch Hard maple . Soft maple Elm ' Black ash White & green ash Cottonwood Willow Hackberry • Balsam poplar Bigtooth aspen Quaking aspen Paper birch River birch Black cherry . Black walnut .Butternut Other hardwoods • ".TotaI , Al•l.species " :. -......... .......... 4,743 ........ .......... .......... .......... 91,776 7,684 60,787 4,743 -- " ...... . 278,311 .............. 403,571 -1,072 ........... 175,245 314 507 ........ 74,011 .............. 40,083 .............. 124,839 .............. ................ 1,263 .............. 116,869 .............. 91,605 .............. 88,963 307 ............ 14,133 .............. 44,283 .............. 18,288 .... 394 ........ 6,822 .............. I,635 .............. 1,466 .............. 87,754 .............. 79,237 343 952 .......... 91,251 .............. 5,940 ............ 47,829 -224 .......... 16,233 .............. 21,628 .............. 12,636 -581 .......... I,843,895 964 3,336 394 ........ 1,935,671 8,648 64,123 5,137 "-- ' " , -- ........ (Table 30 continued on next page) 42' ° (Table 30 continued) Forest t_pe Maplebirch Aspen . , • .Spec!es; roup B Softwoods . Jack pine .... Red."pine .... White pine' White spruce _ Black spruce Baisam fir Hemlock ' Tamarack Eastern redcedar Nort.hern whire-cedar , Otliersoftwoods ' Total Hardwoods White oak Select red oak Or.her red Oak .-Selecthickory Other hickory Basswood Beech: Yellow birch • Hard maple Soft maple " Elm Black ash . White & green ash Cottonwood, Wi1low Hackberry Balsam poplar Bigtooth aspen • Quaking aspen • .Paperbirch • River birch .Blackcherry ,. Black wa Inut Butternut Other.hardwoods Total At1.species OakElm-ashTamarack , .hickory. soft maple Paper birch Exotic Nonstocked .239 .............. 8,998 ., -738 ........... -2,298 -4,739 71 --............... ................. ................ -' ... -............ .... , -._ -......... -1,060 -419 ........ ................ -............... -.12,595 -3,909 -1,234 -442 947 5,896 32,974 51,793 7,388 9,244 .14,624 75,173 1,001 95,375 21,561 42,230 2,497 23,312 3,422 184 976 71 ...... .... " .- --236,350 -335,782 -162,643 -62,128 -23,962 -47,258 -............... ...... -21,219 -16,753 -35,087 -2,475 -9,743 -5,003 .... •-78 -1,047 -51,964 -27,515 -42,164 -591 -28,590 -12,334 -13,260 _.-2,620 --1,138,566 1,151,161 _ 2,308 1,714 4,829 " 9,598 1,509 499 -2,639 1,055 ....... 589 541 262 -180 1,752 ...... 2,436 2,020 • 618 ........ ---.... -- 1,056 497 1,151 331 -52,413 8,687 9,161 8,612 7,449 5,767 581 ...... 154 -1,527 5,349 215 --4,977 111,424 111,424 ....... 275 .... 698 .... 900 .... .... -...... .... .... .... -.... .... 456 253 -4,484 4,484 -, 180 253 419 12,970 17,827 4,839 11,685 34,804 3,631 6,878 5,854 34,828 .......... 17,749 199 852 3,443 ...... 8,115 ...... 3,979 330 149 446,573 452,469 76,572 76,643 61,582 61,582 ' 307 -- ---- i r43 o i Table 31.--Net volume of sawtimber on commercial forest land by species group and forest type, Southwest Unit, Wisconsin, 1983 . . (In thousand board feet)l-/ Forest type .. " •. Speciesgr_oup ..... Softwoods Jack pine Red pine White pine White spruce Black spruce BaIsam _fi r H_mlock Tamarack . • Eastern redcedar • Northern w_ite-cedar Other softwoods Total " Hardwoods White oak. Select red oak Other red oak Select hickory Other hickory Basswood . Beech Yellow birc'h .Hard _mapl e Soft maple Elm Black ash White :&.greenash Cottonwood Wil.low • l_ackberry Balsam poplar Bigtooth aspen Quaking aspen Paper birch River birch Black cherry " •Blackwalnut Butternut ' Or.herhardwoods Total ' All types Jack pine Red pine White pine Balsam fir White spruce Black spruce Northern whitecedar 19,028 18,139 889 73,260 4,173 47,913 57,982 ' 5,231 5,600 ................ ................ ................ ................ -............... 1,837 .............. ................ ................ 152,107 27,543 54,402 .......... .......... 14,283 ........ 14,283 ........ 1,037,655 .............. 1,698,953 .............. 657,420 1,514 2,346 .......... 161,696 .............. 29,895 .............. 387,042 .............. ................ 3,262 .............. 425,061 .............. 265,802 .............. 228,878 1,357 ............ 30,886 .............. 131,000 .............. 73,983 .... 1,722 ........ 19,288 .............. 4,632 ............... 6,428 .............. 250,507 .............. 136,605 .............. 115,121 .... . .......... 13,929 ............... 66,409 -1,147 .......... 59,1_51 .............. 60,829 -............. 22,074 -3,128 .......... 5,887,006 2,871 30,414 6,621 61,023 1,722 16,005 ........ ........ (Table 31 continued on next page) " All species 6,039,113 '• • 1_/InternationalI/4-inchrule. 44 o o . (Tabl e 31 Continued ) Forest Maplebirch t_/pe Aspen Paper birch Exotic Nonstocked species .. .group, Tamarack -, Softwoods Jackj pine ................ Red .,pine -17,931 -White pine ..... 8,692 -White spruce. -............... • Blark spruce ...... . Balsam fir ................ Hem]Ock, -, .............. Tamarack ................ Eastern redcedar ...... Northern white-cedar ................ Other softwoods ................ Total -26,623 -= Oakhickor_ Elm-ashsoft maple 3,243 24,176 .......... ........ ........ 1,837 ........ 29,256 139,163 202,564 29,679 23,270 12,012 251,136 ........ 7,113 18,920 6,484_ -1,035 963 4,215 35,034 2,486 7,375 ...... .... ---.... 2,903 2,533 2,685 . 1,622 Hardwoods White oak Select _red oak Other red oak .Select hickory Other hickory Basswood Beech ................. Yellow birch Hard maple Soft maple Elm ' Black ash " .White & green ash " Cottonwood Willow ' Hackberry Balsam poplar Bigtooth aspen Quaking aspen Paper birch • River birch . Black cherry Black walnut Butternut Other hardwoods Total All species ------- 875,456 1,439,902 608,151 131,051 16,848 128,541 8,805 -4,075 --4,780 ....... -72,142 -33,979 -93,825 -8,306 -21,432 -21,378 --.... -4,483 -150,916 -52,183 -.43,884 -2,723 -33,140 -50,257 -34,897 -5,551 -3,829,045 -3,855,668 2,110 1,152 ...... -352,919 ......... 178,070 50,520 -3,233 33,211 95,389 4,333 763 18,761 3,819 ........ 31,431 74,737 2,326 .... 32,008 13,689 5,186 ...... 17,447 819 ...... 2,340 2,292 ........ ...... 1,945 813 24,251 58,210 16,317 -20,592 49,189 14,641 4,52.6 3,707 5,047 57,957 11,206 .......... -30,945 -1,177 -8,117 ...... -25,932 ........ 6,313 6,174 908 ...... 353,786 1,373,836 160,866 145,143 353,786 1,403.,092 160,866 145,143 .... .... 1,074 1,022 .... .... .... .... .... 1,277 --- 13,116 13,116 . . , . ' 45 o . , 00 • :_ c3..e-- I_ _'*= I I° I I co ooooo_o_ _o_=_._ooo_.ooo____ Od,_l" ,--00_ kO 03 _,--0 001_.,--.0 qD CO I_. r_,--0,--0U_l_.,_l- O,l,d- _,d-,--01_. od _0 I--. O_ ,_I-,--0 _0 Od i_l ,--.0 (_i ,-0 _D (_0,_I-,_I-i'_ r_. £ or.' e-O _,_U. .,-- Odl._ : • I. • _ _ _ -- _ O __ 14") I "'¢°"IL') ',_1"kO 03 _ _ _ _ _ I 1 _ _ ,-,,o _ 0 o")I"-,. oO c',_,l0"_ _ C_,l c',') _ C',_,! "_Jc,O ¢ (_0 C'_,Ir'.,., cx, (_3 c_"_ I _ n,.l'_I,,l") "_l" _"'9 .::l" _ (_(} ',,,1_) 0 I.IL').::1" ,,,,,-o '_" (_"_ _","9_ ,_1" I",,,- _ O,..,i I, 0 (_'_ C_,J L_'_)0 (_"_ _ Cx,I c',,,") ,,.-o c',") ,--0 _.0 LI")'('X,,I ,:_'_'._ ,,-,,¢ ,:d" C_d ('_J (',') _ ('0 I"-,,. 1 ,-,,q C,O ('x,,I _ _ ,,-O n.i"_ t"_l ,,,-,q ..g-C • - S e,,,,,. ,,I-_ _ _ e_ _ _ m _ a_ Lt') r,,.. 0 o") ,-.o , m ,-,,o _ _ _ m a_ _ _ a_ _ r,,,,,,,,-,,,,o,:_,,,,-,o _,,_J,. , _ 0'_ C_,dI,,¢'_('X,lO0 ,-o Cx,,I,,-,g _ m _ a_ m a_ a_ m _',_:J" r-,,,a.a_')oO,-o n-e_,,-'¢ CO I.,i'_ I.."_ l"_,; ,-,o a__ -m m m a_ a_ a_ m m o,,.")¢3'_¢",") ,,-.q I",,,,,0 Li"_ 0 _ 0 _ I,,i"_,,,,,C) l",O ,--o ,=-o ,=-¢ _ _ a_ _1 f,- _ 0"0 I I I eL. e0 . e'eor=. e_ " I ! . _..tJ U_ .,_J 0 _, , , , , , , , , _ _ , , , , , , , ,__.,_, ' , , , , , ,' , , .--o" , C_r_O_ ' ' ' ' ' ' ,o i_-_.., _, I • _ __1 "-" 7 ::3 O _" 4-_" . ® -I-_. _ I I I I I I I I I I I ' / °l_r" _ r'_ I_ i _, _ _, _ I_. Od ,--t ,--i _ ,-4 _ ,--i _ _ _ r'_ Od C_I Q.I" . lJ L • .-_ _ , • " ' _ _ _ :14O E ,-. _/) _ _ O _ _ ,_--o_ ,,-,.o,,-.a 0"_ u_'_ ¢.'_ c'r) 0"_ ,-'o _ _ ,.,,.¢ _ r,,,,,, ,-,n ,,-.o r.,,, .::1- ,--o (_3 c_') c,o uc') od 0 _ oo (_0 ('_') Ll") .:::1" C_) ,_:1 " i_l ,d" ,--0 ,--0 qD _,£) _ ,,,,0 c',O CX) O0 C',_!c.") _ c"_,l(X3 _,,,0o'_ ,-,a ('x,I cx, oo _,_t, I ,--o _.0 ,--o CO ,_t" ,,_1" (X) _ ,-0 O.L"_ I._') ,::1" (xJ 0") C',_;C',") O_ (',') r,... (x,; ¢'x,I 0'_ c_) ('x,i _,,0 _ _i r'-,,. _,,0 ,_-o ,-,,o r,_ 0'_ ,-.o Li"_ r,,_ _,O ,,.-o (,x,i 00 'O_ ,-.I_ "" ° _ 4-_ Z II _. ',.I _ _4-_0 "10 e" _ _, ,,,,, c_ _ 0-_ 0 0 eCn e-,. _J gL,. _ ,_ _ e'-" '_._" 0 _- " q3" e=- O_ "_ 0.,,-.eu').,- r_cn u_ E_L_ .,_ _ e- _ _ ,_ _ u') ... " _ _ L. _ e-" O 0 )tEE r0 _0 _ _ _'_E'O_ L .O_ 0_.._ .,_ U )t _- _L ,_ _, -e-. 46 " 47 48' Table 36.--Net volume of growing stock on commercial forest land by forest type, stand-size class, and basal-area class, Southwest Unit, Wisconsin, 1983 (In thousand cubic feet) Forest type.and • stand-size class Jack pine .Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling All stands _ Red pine Saw_cmber i PQIetimber _Sapling& Seedling All stands White pine " Sawtimber Po1etimber Sapling.& seedling ' All ..... classes 0-10 .. Basal-area class (squ.a.re. fee.t, per acre.) 11-20 21-30 31-40 41-50 51-60 . 61-70 • 6,625 .............. 2,023 .............. ................ 8,648 ............... ,, 7,934 55,062 1,127 64,123 .............. .............. -174 -174 J ...... ...... 2,890 ...... 953 953 --- 2,890 ...... 2,247 ............... ................. All stands _ 5,1.3.7 ..... -..... Balsam f,ir Sawtimber .............. Poletimber ................. Sapling & seedling A11 stands .... - . -............ ................ 2,890 ...... '-- , White spruce Sawtimber ............. Poletimber ................. Sapling & seedling -- ' -............. All Stands . ............... Black spruce Sawtimber Pbletimber Sapltng& seedling Ail stands • Northern white-cedar Sawtimber POIetimber Sapling & seedling A11 stands ................. ................ ........ .............. ................. ...... ................ ................ " ........ .... , ._ . .......... ('Table36 continued on next page) (Table 36 continued) Basal-area class (square feet per.,ac,re) 81-90 91-100 101-120 121-150 151-180 .... 3,910 2,023 5,933 .... .... .... 7,934 6,018 13,952 -26,072 26,072 Forest type and stand-size class Jackpine Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling All stands Red pine Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling All stands White pine Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling A11 stands Balsam fir Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling 71-80 181+ -2,715 ........ .............. -2,715 .... ...... .... .... .... 3,411 7,433 .............. 3,411 7,433 12,128 12,128 .............. ...... ............... ...... -............. .............. .............. .............. .............. .............. .............. .............. .............. .............. .............. .............. -.............. .............. .............. 2,247 2,247 ...... ...... A11stands White spruce Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling AI1 stands • •Black spruce Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling A11 stands Northern white-cedar Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling A!I stands .......... (Table 36 continued on next page) o 50 (Table 36 continued) All classes Basal-area class (s.quare feet per acre.) 11-20 21-30 3!.-40 41-50 51,60 Forest type and stand-size class Tamarack Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling AI1 stands 0ak-hickory Sawtimber -Poletimber Sapling & seedling All stands Elm-ash-soft maple , Sawtimber ' Poletimber. Sapling & seedling ,Allstands Maple-birch • Sawtimber, ." Poletimber Sapling & seedling All stands Aspen Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling All stands •. paper birch Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling .All stands Exotic Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling .AIl stands .Nonstocked All types Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling " Nonstocked . All stands. 0-10 61-70. ............... ................ -............... ................ 892,212 .... 204,070 ...... _ 54_879 144 1,617 I.,1.51,161 .....144 1,6.17 81,426 17,320 12,678 111,424 271,748 132,909 47,812 452,469 37,978 29,581 9,084 76,643 25,131 32,775 3,676 61,582 ...... .......... -1,700 -1,700 .... ...... 243 2,658 243 2,658 3,863 4,.975 8_838, 5,555 1,503 6,128 13,186 1,413 2,959. 2,959 1,167 6,124 7,291 1,513 2,926 1,171 633 7,026 8,830 14,214. 1,102 2,981 1.8,297 2,574 2.,751 5,325 6,871 6,425 15,733 29,029 30,117 42;185 8,480 12,203 10,431 _ 6,946 49,028 6!,334 7,112 6,633 1,540 15,285 17,702 12,390 8,838 38,930 2,578 " 3,250 515 6,343 2,929 .... 2,929 :----13,618 5,869 4,24.8 23,.735 . -2,667 _ -2,667 4,935 2,597 7,532 ' _-_ 180 5,030 -14,058 180 19,268 ...... ........ .... " ;1,560 692 - . .......... -850 271 .... 271 850 .......... ........ ...... ...... .... -2,462 2,462 1,466 5,836 7,302 1,079 1,079 4,219 .... 4,219 .............. ................ ........ ........ ¢,484 .... 1,325,944 475,987 129,256 4,484 1,935,671 .... -658 .... 658 . . 850 6,149 6,999 11,029 23,659 60,438 60,738 2,136 13,212 30,753 20,739 18,208 27,301 22,277 13,791 .... 1,560 692 31,373 64,172 115,028 95,960 (Table 36 continued on next page) 51 o . (Table 36 continued) Forest type and -stand-soi class ze Tamarack .. Sawtimber Ppletimber Sap]ing & seedling AII stands •Oak-hickory .Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling All stands .Elm,ash-softmaple, ' Sawtimber Poletimber .Sapling &seedl ing All stands Maple-birch "Sawtimber -" Poletimber Sapling & seedling All stands. .Aspen Sawtimber Poletimber • ' Sapling & seedling A11 stands Paper birch Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling All stands Exotic Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling •All stands Nonstocked A-I types I Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling " "NOnstocked All standsBasal-area class (square feet per acre). 81-90 91-100 101-120 121-150 151-180 71-80 181+ .............. .............. .............. .............. 82,574 18,148 2,490 103,212 113,834 26,540 3,837 144,211 89,300 27,443 3,403 120,146 7,243 241,494 57,042 7,824 306,360 23,887 7,697 31,584 105,652 38,826 144,478 5,584 4,281 9,865 188,348 31,547 4,103 223,998 72,946 10,562 .... 83,508 7,782 9,500 17,282 -- - 2,402 14,903 2,990 .... ........ 5,392 14,903 32,004 14,310 2,942 49,256 4,036 2,829 7,243 15,974 5,918 ...... 2,215 .... 18,189 5,918 42,460 24,937 67,397 19,402 5,379 24,781 3,882 7,287 11,169 .... .... .... ----- 23,205 24,016 19,486 2,746 ............ 42,691 26,762 6,378 --8,859 8,859 .............. 6,865 6,378 2,789 5,663 7,244 2,268 .............. 10,033 7,931 ..... .............. .............. .............. 1,463 123,805 48,932 5,432 1,463 179,632 .... 166,698 55,727 3,837 .... 226,262 ........ 2,664 3,083 2,664 3,083 8,815 13,297 13,297 .... -8,815 , -......... 589 120,559 41,712 3,403 165,674 376,617 113,176 7,824 589 498,206 ...... 270,094 90,680 89,311 23,867 6,318 .... ...... 365,723 114,547 16,597 35,572 . • 52,169 52 C Table 37.--Net volume of sawtimber on commercial forest land by forest type, stand-size class, and basal-area class, Southwest Unit, Wisconsin, 1983 ' • Forest type and stand-size cTass Jack .,pine " Sawtimber • _ Poletimber Sapling & seedling AlI ,stands Red pine. Sawtimber Pol.etimber " _, Sap_ling& seedling' A11 stands • Wh.i.teine p Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedl ing -" AI1 stands Balsam fir Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling AI1 stands " White spruce Sawtimber .. Poletimber Sapling &,seedling AII stands Black spruce Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling AI1 stands " Northern white-cedar Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling , , , A11 stands . • . (In thousand board feet)l-/ All classes Basal-area class (squareJfeet per. a.c.re.) 21-30 31-40 41-50 51-60 0-10 11-20 61-70 26,241 .............. 4,173 .............. ................ 30,4}4 .............. 33.,49 2 .............. 27,774 .............. -............... 61,023 .............. 16,005 ...... -......... ................ 16,005 ...... ................ ................ ................ ................ ................ ................ ................ ................ ................ ................ ................ ................ ................ ................ ................ ................ (Table 37 continued on next page) 16,005 " 16,005 ...... ...... ...... • l-/International I/4-inchrule. 53 ° o , ° (Table 37 continued) Forest type and. ' sta:nd-si class ze Jack pine - Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling A1i stands "Red pine Sawtimber Poletimber ' 'Sapling & seedling All stands ", White pine Sawtimber Poletimber ............... .:Sapling seedling. & AII stands Balsam fir." . . Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling ' ':A|l stands" White spruce Sawtimber Poletimber • • Sapling &,seedling A11 stands Black ,spruce $awtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling " All stands Northern white-cedar Sawtimber Poletimber " Sapling & seedling AiI stands Basal-area class (square feet per_acre) 81-90 91-100 101-120. 121-15.0 151-180 .... 15,379 4,173 19,552 , .... .... -.... 33,249 -33,249 -13,243 13,243 71-80 181+ -10,862 ........ .............. -10,862 .......... -- . 7,073 -' --7,.073 .... _ .... _"......... .... 7,458 7,458 ............... --. ..... -' " ........ .......... ._ -' ............ .............. ........... -- , '-............ .............. .............. ............... .............. .............. .............. ........ ............... .............. .............. ........... .............. ' . •.... . ........ . __ (Table 37 continued on next page) o . C . (Table " 37 continued) All classes Basal-area class (square feet per acre) ..... 21-30 31-40 41-50 51-60 Forest type and stand-size class Tamarack 'Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling All stands •Oak-hickory Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling _l stands _-E1m_ash-soft maple , Sawtimber Poletimber ..Sapl i.ng& seedling All stands Maple-birch" Sawtimber " Poletimber Sapling & seedling All stands. Aspen Sawtimber Polatimber Sapling & seedling AI1 "stands Paper birch Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling All stands •Exotic • .sawtimber Poletimber " Sapling & seedling AI1 stands Nonstocked •A11 types Sawtimber Poletlmber • SaPling & seedling Nonstocked All stands- 0-10 11-20 61-70 ................ ................ ................ ................ 3,375,8.35 321,623 158,210 3,855,668 299,601 18,361 35,824 353,786 1,004,702 230,176 168,214 1,403,092 113,451 36,323 11,092 160,866 85,502 50,303 9,338 145,143 .... ...... 966 5,400 966 5,400 ...... .......... -6,652 -6,652 .... ........ 1,124 11,155 1,124 11,155 .......... -1,035 ...... -1,035 .......... ........ ...... ...... 19,407 13,182 32,589 26,688 3,871 18,315 48,874 4,734 6,579 6,579 4,679 22,112 26,791 5,182 9,916 5,798 22,750 28,548 60,294 1,841 10,751 72,886 10,040 6,755 16,795 29,554 12,068 54,261 95,883 135,154 16,567 34,532 186,253 26,713 7,089 3,582 37,384 62,414 17,438 31,643 111,495 7,893 i 4,790 .... 12,687 9,855 .... 9,855 176,859 22,666 14,062 213,587 ----53,461 7,966 14,213 75,640 ---18,648 8,320 26,968 - .... -2,381 2,381 " 3,536 8,711 12,247 1,018 1,018 7,579 .... 7,579 ................ ................ ................ ................ 13,116 4,954,586 688,733 382,678 13,116 6,039,113 .... .... -2,090 .... 2,090 1,074 24,086 -41,873 1,074 67,033 .... 53,225 3,871 49,646 .... 106,742 99,888 25,024 80,478 205,390 5,274 242,033 45,884 69,757 5,274 362,948 3,329 248,968 30,632 36,595 3,329 319,524 1,035 23,207 24,242 .-• ' 55 o (Table 37 Conti:nued) ,. Forest type and 'stand-size class Tamarack . -Sawtimber Poletimber .Sapling & seedling AII Stands Oak-hickory Sawtimber P.ol_cimber e Sapling & seedling All stands J 7.1-80 Basal-area class (Square feet per acre,) 81-90 9!-100 !01-120 121-150 151-180 181+ .............. .............. .............. - 310,591 23,281 4,437 338,309 452,847 26,789 6,836 486,472 338,'732 58,381 6,555 403,668 29,964 870:720 91,449 31,964 994,133 86,746 11,272 98,018. 671,464 56,314 11,210 738,988 281,919 3,562 .... 285,481 31,160 16,9Q2 48,062 -- .Elm-ash-soft maple, Sawtimber Poletimber •Sapling & seedling 9,940 54,045 ...... ........ 9,.940 114,427 30,628 10,956 156,011 14,878 7,037 -21,915 54,045 61,859 15,560 ...... 7,074 ..... 68,933 15,560 11,697 16,005 27,702 .... .... .... " .. Ali stands Maple-birch Sawtimber ' " Poletimber Sapling_& seedling A11 stands. •Aspen Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling.:&seedling All stands Paper birch Sawtimber Poletimber Sapl in.g. seedling & A11 stands Exotic Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling.& seedling A11 stands Nonstocked A11 types Sawtimber Po1etimber . . Sapli'ng Seedling & Nonstocked A11 stands_ 29,964 ----- 90,507 98,191 33,921 5,356 ...... 124,428 103,547 21,973 --4,315 . ............. 21,973 4.,315 393,196 140,778 64,403 42,391 -....... 457,599 183,169 3,578 9,749 13,.327 65,125 5,861 70,986 8,497 19,936 9,832 4,324 .......... 18,329 24,260 ........ 5,.759 5,4i5 5,759 5,.415 " 28,566 17,394 . 17,394 -..... .... ---28,_566 , ...... .............. -............. ....... 3,439 ............ 650,170 466,887 72.,07 . 73,811 1 6,836 6,555 -........... 729,113 547,253 - ...... , ' • . 458,333 70,778 15,393 3,439 " 547,943 1,354,240 182,288 31,964 1,568,492 954,605 133,591 18,284 1,106,480 342,426 19,567 .... 36!,992 59,726 30,145 89,871 56 , °. Table 38.--Net volume of sawtimber on commercial butt log grade, Southwest Unit, forest land by species group and Wisconsin, 1983 (In thousand board feet) 1-j .. A11 Species _roup Softwoods Jack pine .Red pine White pine , White spruce Black spruce ' Balsam fir . Hemlock "': ' , Tamarack Easternredcedar Northern white-cedar Other softwoods Total Hardwoods White oak _ Select red oak Other red oak Select hickory Other hickory BasswGod Beech Yellow birch Hard maple .. Soft maple Elm -.Black ash White &-green ash Cottonwood Willow Hackberry Balsam poplar Bigtooth aspen Quaking aspen Paper birch River birch ., Black cherry Black walnut Butternut .. Other hardwoods .'..Total .... All. species , . L°9, ,_Fade 'i " 2 1,428 18,254 3 17,142 73,260 17,521 Tie and timber ---- grades . _ ' 19,028 458 73,260 .... 57,982 22,207 • ........... -......... .......... -......... .......... 1,837 .... .......... .......... 152,107 1,037,655 1,698,953 657,420 161,696 29,895 387,042 .......... 3_262, 425,061 265,802 228,878 30,886 131,000 73,983 19,288 4,632 6,428 250,507 136,605 115,121 13,929 66,409 59,651 60,829 22,074 5,887,_006 22,665 40,616 341,148 --.... 88,897 1,837 -- • " " 19_..682 307,218 537,039• 110,002 43,502 63,495 ,. 109,760 .....,.-567,994 768,729 495,536 92,797 29,895 225,12.2 121,827 52,037 51,882 25,397 -9,528 _ _ . • ' . .. - . ' • , • . -685 56,759 106,.456 52.,012 32,962 43,356 51,805 .... -44,455 23,441 ..4,175 -15,364 906 574 .... -10,357 .... -22,837 .... .... .... -12,729 ....-- . .... . 8,987 647,135 1,372,642 1,392,.324 ..... 2,228 246,465 145,494 112,698 30,886 86,545 42,115 3,924 2,536 6,428 240,150 136,605 83,678 13,929 66,409 59,651 48,100 13,087 3,5.21,.Q0!. ..,.630,761. 3 349 15,381 35,334 21,019 --4,.252 -616 ---8,606. -----346,228 346,228 • 6,039,113 .......69,800 6 " l-/International V4-inch rule. 5? = ,j,=,, C . _ II:II:IIII: I IIIII_III_III_II:III:'IIII_ _ i-4 , eq !==4 a_ o _ _2 .r= ¢_ ® 0 • • IIIII IIIII:,I I._ O'b (30 I._ 0'_ _..O P'-,. I_ _.4 ('_ r-O C%JC_ ggg ' - g'_,-.0e ,-0 o,=- ;, _ ,...,_ NO_,I I : I I I I I I I I : I _oo_ : :,-..,I I mo,__°'": : I I I I I I : _N : I I _ _ I _::J" I"'-,, _ _ r-0 (Y') ,e:__ '4-) -_ g= I I : I I I I I I I I _"'I _ I _I _ I _°°_ C%11",.,I&') I_I I I I I I_° O_,10,,,I . ,--,_,-, _ O'_ O'_ . _ ol • • _=_ ,--, oo_,..-,,=....= ,-..o_ ,-- ,-- , • • -"_ ,=-- ::3 "_ e:_ 0 -_ (%1 N • • C_I" O0 0 _1" _ O'i ,.-=0 _0 ¢"3 r.-. t'_ C_l _O I'.,. l.i_ _0 _0 _0 CM _ C3_ I._ _" I._ Or) Od Od L. 0 e-. • • .iIJ . *-- ! • I ,---I C_J ,-4 ,C_l ,_I'_I"C_l r-,.,.-._ C_l ,-4 _ CM,--ICM C_l _I" 0 IJ I .0 = (/I °_ a • O'_ III:II:IIII IIIIII:IIIIIIIII II:IIIIII , I , I .- ._) -i'--. 0 e =" _,=.: 0 (I; ,=.O 4-_ Q; :1 = I • C _ ,-- QJ • " ,== _J r-. ,,_I- c,_ N ,ml* _'lq_IC_l ,,_P' r.... o") ,,_I,,.our)oJ c_ cO ,.-0 , _ ,,::t- ,,::r r.,,. o'_ o'_ _ N C_I ,--I ,=*4 ' {(3; {.. I,.) "O (U'O (1;4.,)0 _.;.P O _ _mnl Ifmnm _nm cII1 .._ _ 0 "0 %dO _ _ Q; Q; _::3:3f.. E _ v _ _ f...- :% 0 t,. U oJunmm _" L¢I_¢I) e" (3; I.'I_ _ _ 0 _ L _ 0 E 4; e_3. Q; _ _'_ L >,,4._ _I_ P "I,_ (I) "0 0 0 "_ I_ a,.) _Jnnm, _' U _'III_I_UI.)I-I= _ ,• 4; .l_ I.== = =o {.. 49._ r,.. _ 4.a 4-_ 4; _ t_ 0_.-_ 4-) 0 "O _ === t Junam gnnanm gnnunnm o L== .... u,-_ 0._V) 4-).._ _1 _=I.,- :3 _1._-. o 4-) 0 .,"_ v (!. 0 0-._ 4,J _ :_ u'o _.(IJ ¢1_, 4._.4-) U 4,,t _"" e" e-,.- _1 _ .... _,- r_ 0 _P- _ _ u_ _. _" J-- ) .,- ,-- *" ,-- .c _ _,-r(3;4..) (1; .I-) _l 0 (1_ U f,.. U f,04-) _P _ _P _ _.1:: 0 Vt Ue--'_.l.a ¢_ _1 _l a__ = _.,-_a,-Or-., --- __ ¢IJ 0"0._ U 4-_ 4-_,'-.._ e" O'P o_ f,. _ _.> L.._._ _ U e-- _. _ _+a_ (U t,U4.a _ :34.) ).- u_ ,'=" ¢1_ _'_ e- 0 .. 58 59 . Table 41.--Net annual growth of growing stock on commercial forest land by softwoods and hardwoods, Southwest Unit, Wisconsin, 1967 and 1982 (In thousand cubic-feet) Species Softwoods • . Hardwoods All species 1967 976 36,748 37,724 1982 5,520 44,709 50,229 Table 42.,-Net annual growth of growing stock on commercial forest land by _pecies group and county, Southwest Unit, Wisconsin, 1982 (In thousand cubic feet) All Species .group . counties Buffalo Crawford Dunn Softwoods . Jack pine 193 .... 77 Red pine 4,659 328 -1,468 •White pine 508 .... 46 White spruce 23 ................ B1ack spruce 38 ................ Balsam fir 3.................. HemloCk .................. Tamarack -................. Eastern redcedar 96 ...... • Northern white-cedar ............ O_cer softwoods h .................. Total Hardwoods White •oak Select red oak , Other red oak Se]ect hickory Other hickory • Basswood Beech Yellow birch ,, Hard maple Soft maple -Elm B1ack ash , White.& green ash Cottonwood Willow' Hackberry Balsam poplar Bigtooth aspen Quaking aspen Paper birch. River birch Black cherry Black walnut Butternut Other hardwoods , . County Grant Iowa .... -33 La Crosse Lafayette 78 233 89 -.... -- Pepin -8 11 63 18 ........ _ ...... 74 400 315 770 148 234 38 198 -154 40 85 9 11 71 8 68 201 7 --143 5,520 5,072 8,644 4,184 1,927 1,909 3,570 ....... 38 3,102 2,740 -886 465 1,.417 474 191 87 62 1,907 2,607 2,689 139 2,221 438 809 903 44,709 50,229 328 307 1,119 629 237 3 113 .... 21 110 33 -113 67 -9 17 404 499 680 -3 372 -15 219 4,964 5,292 , -439 819 530 347 195 356 1,591 339 977 437 -64 229 28 222 575 17 110 139 -15 -43 51 . " 433 516 -217 82 172 3 49 .... .............. 179 194 3 241 122 241 3 -57 25 69 4 -10 34 22 -4,169 4,169 3,818 5,409 780 659 739 365 561 153 158 162 97 125 330 267 .......... .......... 306 94 136 73 -227 149 22 144 49 80 34 22 --14 9 -4 767 137 97 289 158 140 10 4,596 4,647 120 254 66 32 206 104 34 59 3,154 .... 70 20 21 -89 24 11 191 191 168 9 101 -23 19 2,640 --118 -16 --.... -24 --108 21 --421 55 92 -185 13 46 34 25 113 6 136 17 14 -21 13 819 Total A11 ;species -3,228 3,040 421 827 (Table 42 continued on the next page) 60 °. (Table 42 continued) Count_ Species 9roup Softwoods Jack pine Red pine White pine White spruce . Black spruce Balsam fir Hemlock Tamarack . Eastern redcedar Northern whire-cedar Other softwoods , Total Hardwoods White oak Select red oak Other red oak • Select hickory Other hickory Basswood Beech Yellow birch Hard maple Soft maple Elm Black ash White & green ash Cottonwood Willow Hackberry Ba-Iam poplar s Bigtooth aspen Quaking aspen Paper birch River birch Black cherry Black walnut Butternut Other hardwoods Total All species Pierce Richland St. Croix Sauk Trempealeau Vernon _ ...... 72 -...... .... ...... ...... ............ -........... ...... ............ ............ 72 -- 1,072 23 38 .... 180 1,295 59 141 ...... 38 .... 3 .... -69 8 70 -- 1,095 98 122 107 -11 79 326 367 1,226 335 205 178 368 10 137 735 61 -9 106 --4 332 14 40 1,506 302 656 727 " 73 66 92 .... -168 -3 -12 7 51 157 -45 175 -37 406 16 168 -30 3,055 4,561 69 712 833 217 255 207 704 • ." • ; . _ " 95 437 225 552 77 171 -247 272 642 190 430 ............ ...... 655 648 -205 -148 -88 -18 156 221 92 50 --7 -54 ........ 48 .155 50 -6 85 130 ......... 102 87 -21 255 235 54 65 2,208 2,280 4,267 4,267 26 --156 55 104 .8 .... -43 2.59 328 -27 457 ...... 5 14 239 -1,301 2,396 4,572 4,898 505 60 -24 21 208 39 -8 --51 342 150 -262 61 43 173 4,725 4,794 . 61 Tabl.e 43 -Net annual growth of sawtimber on commerctal forest land by-species Southwest Unit, Wisconsin, 1982 (Inthousand board feet)-1/ County Iowa group.and county, .. Al1 SPeCie.s.._Foup . counties Buffalo Crawford Dunn Grant Softwoods Jack"pine. 951 .... 311 .... Redpine 6,865 187 -2,882 .... White pine _ 1,834 .... 194 203 White spruce .............. Black.Spruce ................... Balsam fir -' ................ - Hemlock -................. Tamarack .................. Eastern redcedar 105 ...... 63 ,Northern white-cedar' -..... -....... Other softwoods.................... , Total Hardwoods_ White oak Select red oak Other red oak Selecthickory Other hickory Basswood Beech Yellow birch Hard maple Soft maple. Elm. B]ack ash Whfte & green ash Cottonwood Willow Hackberry Balsam poplar B!gtooth aspen Quaking aspen Paper birch River birch Black cherry Black walnut Butternut Other hardwoods .Total , A11 species • =;. . 9,755 187 -3,387 266 La Cro.s.se..Lafa_ette Pe.pin 640 2,151 579 .... .... -_.... 318 43 ........ -318 3,370 --43 225 963 92 -490 ._ 26,203 1,630 1,816 2,046 4,563 2,726 " 1',299 882 42,851 4,829 3,643 4,062 3,665 1,681 4,548 208 19,558 2,742 1,449 850 2,734 572 1,243 484 6,446 730 461 -489 759 613 13 2,165 13 306 -78 23 253 .... 15,119 442 1,894 975 1,125 890 671 157 ................... 85 .... 68 .......... 12,036 105 912 1,157 1,521 211 .... 7,818 669 1,384 1,638 666 115 234 --3,154 1,047 -1,152 81 -672 524 886 -651 1,111 -40 345 284 -29 -7,112 1,629 634 779 425 81 -54 2,143 253 14 -68 148 104 236 -1,055 -935 -183 -29 , --251 ................ 428 130 .............. 6,71.9 1,523 515 1,440 198 334 ,297 -7,099 2,322 187 381 71 -215 77 5,870 1,444 634 578 176 352 108 -266 6 21 -17 38 113 -3,868 696 -150 25 240 227 116 3,057 -297 -1,906 371 ...... 3,200 -46 132 301 -56 294 -1,631 139 876 .-63 176 66 -172,937 20,303 14,998 14,600 17,482 9,282 10,738 1,340 182,692 20,490 14,998 17' 987 17 , 748 9, _00 14, 108 1,340 285 283 -1,278 -29 194 124 111 798 246 136 142 -33 102 2,917 2,960 . t--/International-V4-inch rule. 6_ o (Table 43 continued) .. " • . • ;. .C.o.unt¥ Species group..... Pierce Richland St. Croix Sauk Softwoods 'Jack pine............. Red pine 237 -1,147 261 White pine ...... 284 White spruce ............ -Black spruce ............ Balsam fir ............ Hemlock ............ Tamarack ............. Eastern redcedar ...... 42 Northern white-cedar ............ Other softwoods ............ Total .Hardwoods White oak Select red oak Other red oak Select hickory Other hickory Basswood Beech Yellow birch Hard maple Soft maple Elm Black ash White & green ash Cottonwood Wi]low Hackberry Ba]sam poplar Bigtooth aspen Quaking aspen Paper birch River birch Black cherry BIack wa]nut Butternut Other hardwoods Total All species 237 -1,147 134 837 469 --1,230 587 3,966 6,039 1,616 1,324 994 1,170 17 260 983 -268 -48 28 --65 400 1,049 19 207 Trempealeau Vernon .... -- 213 .... , -1,485 3,560 4.,583 19 -246 .... -786 -393 -28 197 198 .... 298 555 371 1,779 71 1,609 -- 213 3,432 4,985 1,331 977 148 3,027 . " • • ' • • 292 1,707 1,469 2,362 392 1,001 -1,061 238 112 965 1,837 ............ ...... 2,720 2,500 -965 223 -685 .... 1,338 1,385 435 237 --35 -316 ........ 218 766 190 66 333 47 ......... 19 133 .......... 1,445 417 131 62 10,408 10,645 14,254 14,254 123 --429 458 30 28 .... -518 1,924 354' --16 5,692 6,839 2,242 95 -387 32 507 435 ---249 --90 -446 483 429 17,843 18,056 139 ...... 17,830 18,417 15,250 15,250 . . • , o ' 63 . . Table 44.--Net annual growth of growing stock on commercial forest land by ownership class and softwoods and hardwoods, Southwest Unit, Wisconsin, 1982 Growinq stock Ownership class National Forest Miscellaneous federal State County and municipal Indian Forest industry Farmer Misc. private-corp. Hi sc private-indiv. All owners All species Softwoods Hardwoods All species Sawtimber Softwoods Hardwoods Thousand cubic feel_ ............ 258 -258 369 -369 89 77 12 ............. ............ 33,586 2,471 31,115 2,157 189 1,968 13,770 2,783 10,987 50,229 5,520 44,709 - - - Thousand board feet -1/ - - 1,253 1,957 1,690 --261 1,253 1,957 1,429 123,556 8,071 46,165 182,692 6,139 1,332 2,023 9,755 Ii7,417 6,739 44,142 172,937 1--/International I/4-inchrule. J • Table 45.--Net annual growth of growing stock on commercial forest land by species group and type, Southwest Unit, Wisconsin, 1982 . (In thousand cubic feet) Forest type • All Species.9rgup SoftwOods -Jack pine .Red pine. White pine • Whi_te spruce B1ack spruce Balsam fir Hemlock Tamarack Eastern redcedar Northern white-cedar Other softwoods typesL_ Jack pine Red pine White pine Balsam fir White spruce Black spruce Northern whitecedar • ' 193 145 39 4,659 39 4,188 508 29 16 23 -23 38 -38 3 -3 ................ ................ 96 .............. ................ ................ 5,520 213 4,307 .......... .......... 230 ........ .......... .......... .......... • - , Total ,Hardwoods White oak Select red oak Other red oak Select hickory Other hiokory , Basswood Beech Yellow birch , Hard maple Soft maple Elm : Black ash White & green ash ' Cottonwood Willow Hackberry Balsam popl.ar Bigtooth aspen Quaking aspen •paper birch River birch Black cherry Black walnut •. BUtternut Other hardwoods Total A1] Species 230 ........ 5,072 .............. 8,644 -28 .......... 4,1.84 5 8 .......... 1,927 .............. 1,909 .............. 3,570 .............. ................ 38 .............. 3,102 .............. 2,740 .............. -886 13 ............ 465 .............. 1,417 .............. 474 .... 8 ........ 191 .............. 87 .............. 62 .............. 1,907 .............. 2,607 13 -27 .......... 2,689 .............. 139 .............. 2,.221 -2 .......... 438 .............. 809 .............. 903 -12 .......... 44,709 50,229 31 244 23 4,330 8 238 ........ ........ (Table 45 continued on next page) 64 o . (Table 45 continued) Forest Maplet),pe Paper Non- . Oak- Elm-ash- • SPecies group Tamarack hickor;/ soft maple birch Aspen _. birch Exotic stocked Softwoods Jack pine -9 ......... Red"pine -406 -25 ..... White pine -91 -134 _ ...... White spruce .............. •Black spruce ............... Balsam fir ................ Hemlock ................. Tamarack ............... Eastern redcedar -70 -26 ........ North_ern White-cedar ................ _, Oth_r softwoods ................ Total -576 -186 8 ...... Hardwoods White Oak -4,300 165 524 39 28 -16 Select red oak -6,980 -1,340 66 221 -9 Other red oak -3,926 49 129 27 7 -33 ,Select hickory -1,611 -215 -101 .... Other hickory -990 19 839 61 ....... Basswood -1,477 34 2,004 2.7 19 -9 Beech" -............... • Yellow birch ...... 33 5 ...... Hatedmaple -649 -2,444 -9 .... Soft maple -736 1,329 645 14 16 .... Elm --80 -792 80 26 -39 --94 Black ash -57 343 65 ........ White & green ash -356 251 726 77 .... 7 Cottonwood -124 169 95 78 ...... Willow .... 149 11 24 .... 7 Hackberry. .-9 30 48 ........ Balsam poplar -45 ...... 17 .... .Bigtoothaspen -596 10 478 764 59 .... Quaking aspen -818 -307 1,470 40 --14 Paper birch -1,230 51 236 132 1,040 .... River birch -5 134 .......... - Black cherry -1,271 7 908 -33 .... Black walnut -328 -98 ...... 12 Butternut -438 -366 ...... 5 Other hardwoods -248 275 343 19 6 ..... Total All species • . --- 26,114 26,690 2,223 2,223 11,934 12,120 2,829 2,837 1,557 1,557 --- -10 -10 . . ' 65 Table 46.--Net annual growth of sawtimber on commer_cialforest land by "speciesgroup and type, Southwest Unit, Wisconsin, 1982 (In thousand board feet)l--/ : • ' All Jack Red White pine .......... - ......... 579 Forest type Balsam White fir spruce Black spruce Northern white-cedar species group types pine pine Softwoods " Jack pine . 951 899 52 .Red pine. 6,865 261 5,000 Whi t e .pine I, 834 168 84 White spruce ................. B1ack spruce ................ Balsam fir ................ Hemlock ................ ................. J Tamarack Eastern redcedar 105 .............. Northern whi-te-cedar ................ Other softwoods ................ • TotalHardwoods .. White oak ' Select red oak Other red Oak Select-hickory o Other hickory Basswood Beeth Yellow birch . -Hard maple • Soft maple • Elm Black ash White & green ash Cottonwood Willow Hackberry Balsam poplar • Bigtooth aspen , Quaking aspen Paper birch River birch BlaCk cherry Black walnut Butternut .Otherhardwoods TotaI ' , All -species 9,755 1,328 5,136 . ........ 579 ........ ,i . 26,203 .............. 42,851 .............. 19,558 27 36 .......... 6,446 .............. 2,165 .............. 15,119 .............. ................ 85 .............. 12,036 .............. 7,818 .............. -3,154 104 ............ 1,111 .............. 7,112 .............. 2,143 .... 36 ........ 1,055 .............. 251 .............. 428 .............. 6,719 .............. 7,099 .............. 5,870 .............. 266 .............. 3,868 -6 .......... 3,057 .............. 3,200 .............. 1,631 -66 .......... 172,937 131 108 36 ........ 182,692 1,459 5,244 615 ........ (Table 46 continued on next page) .. 1--/International 1/4-inch rule. o (Table 46 continued) Forest Maplebirch type Aspen Paper birch Exotic Nonstocked , • Speci,,esroup g .. Tamarack Oak,hickory. Elm-ashsoft maple Softwoods Jack pine •Red pt'ne . . White pine White spruce Black spruce Balsam fir Hemlock ' - Tamarack.. Eastern redcedar Northerrl white-cedar Other softwoods Total Hardwoods White oak Select red oak Other red oak Select hickory Other hickory Basswood Beech "" Yellow birch Hard maple Soft maple " Elm Black ash " White & green ash CottOnwood WiI1ow "Hackberry Balsam poplar Bigtooth aspen Quaking aspen • Paper birch River birch Black cherry Black walnut Butternut Other hardwoods :Total A11 .sPecies • . ................ --- ................ .................. ................ -• ................ ...... ................ ......... -- 457 362 --- 1,147 641 ........ ........ ...... 105 "...... ......... . ...... .... ---.... -- 819 -- 1,893 .... -22,085 29 3,773 113 169 -35,726 -5,903 57.6 599 -17,953 151 994 233 36 -5,569 -619 -258 -1,583 -559 23 ...... -5,852 174 8,088 958 .... -............... ...... 59 26 ...... -2,288 -9,748 ........ -1,227 4,975 1,543 -73 -1,135 -2,589 -1,937 640 -273 -241 742 128 ....... -964 1,250 3,649 1,219 .... -580 987 403 137 ...... .... 986 40 ...... ..... 156 95 ...... -298 ...... 130 -3,210 51 885 2,150 423 -2,389 -1,960 1,953 797 -1,653 176 63 177 3,801 -74 192 .......... -1,327 -2,496 -39 -1,654 -1,374 ...... -1,148 -2,052 ........ -230 1,137 156 42 ...... -..-107,1.8.6 .....8,4.1.7 1.08.,005 8,417 42,650 44,543 8,247 8,247 6,052 6,052 34 47 128 47 .... -- -234 30 29 ' -- .... .... .... .... .... -- 29 --- 110 110 . . • , 6? 68 o • _. (Table • 46 continued) , , . ...... : Forest Species group Softwoods Jack pine .Red pine . . White -pine White spruce Black spruce Balsam.fir Hemlock. _ - •Tamarack.. Eastern redcedar _Northernwhire-cedar Other softwoods ' Total Hardwoods White oak Select red oak Other red oak Select hickory Other hi ckory Basswood Beech Yel low birch Hard maple Soft maple . E!m Black ash " . White & green ash CottOnwood Wil1ow Hackberry Balsam poplar Bigtooth aspen Quaking aspen • Paper birch River birch Black cherry .B!ack walnut Butternut Other hardwoods -Total A11 .species Tamarack Oakhickory_ Elm-ashsoft maple Maplebirch type Aspen Paper birch Exotic Nonstocked ................ -457 --362 -- ................. .................. ........ -' ............ ................ ...... ................ -........ -819 --22,085 -35,726 -17,953 -5,569 --. 1,583 -5,852 ................ ...... -2,288 -1,227 -1,135 -241 -964 -580 .... ..... -298 -3,210 -2,389 -1,653 -74 -1,327 -1,654 -1,148 -230 -107,186 -108,005 29 -151 --174 1,147 641 ........ ........ . ........ -105 ........ , ........ 113 57.6 233 -23 958 ...... .. 1,893 3,773 5,903 994 619 559 8,088 169 - 599 36 258 ...... .... ---.... 34 47 .128 47 59 26 ...... -9,748 ........ 4,975 1,543 -73 -2,589 -1,937 640 -273 742 128 ........ 1,250 3,649 1,219 .... 987 403 137 ...... 986 40 ...... 156 95 ...... ...... 130 51 885 2,150 423 -1,960 1,953 797 176 63 177 3,801 192 .......... -2,496 -39 -1,374 ...... -2,052 ........ 1,137 156 42 ...... 8,417 42,650 8,247 6,052 8,417 44,543 8,247 6,052 .... -- -234 30 29 ' -- .... .... .... .... .... 29 --- 110 110 . . • , 6? . 68 7O ?l ?2 73 C Table 53.--Timber removals from growing stock and sawtimber on commercial forest land by species group, Southwest Unit, Wisconsin, 1967 and 1982 . : .. . Species group Growing stock 1967 Thousand cubic SOftwoods Jack pine Red pi ne White pine White spruce ° BIack spruce Balsam fir Hemlock Tamarack .Northernwhite-cedar Other softwoods TotaI Hardwoods White oakSelect red oak Other red oak Hickory BasSwood Beech Yellow birch Hard maple Soft maple Elm Ash Cottonwood Balsam poplar Bigtooth aspen Quaking aspen Paper birch B1ack waInut _/ Other hardwoods_' TotaI All species 55 37 171 -....... ........ ........ ........ 1 ...... 1 265 3,819 9,703 3,589 1,192 1,816 ......... 8 1,972 1,036 2,309 610 215 3 815 1,327 634 258 279 29,585 29,850 1982 feet 315 I, 648 230 1967 Sawtimber 1982 Thousand board feet -I/ 121 57 984 354 i, 464 854 _. ...... : ...... 2,193 3,972 10,627 4,981 231 1,293 39 1,234 1,208 1,729 411 85 -1,229 566 287 99 438 28,429 30,622 1,162 10,310 38,247 10,921 1,394 6,305 51 7,128 1,871 5,842 1,379 642 2 1,179 2,179 621 I,446 1,246 90,763 91,925 2,672 18,124 49,484 21,004 1,027 5,216 2 6,206 3,545 6,436 1,875 406 -4,032 1,804 495 338 1,245 121,239 123,911 -- , " " . lJlnternational I/4-inchrule. -2/Includesblack cherry and butternut. ?6 '7? o o , __ Table 55.--Annual mortality of growing stock on commercial forest land by softwoods and hardwoods, Southwest Unit, Wisconsin, 1967 and 1982 (In thousand cubic feet) Species Softwoods Hardwoods Total 1967 188 7,219 7,407 1982 114 16,889 17,003 .. , Table.56.--Annual mortality of growing stock on commercial forest land ;by species group and cause, Southwest Unit, Wisconsin, 1982 ( In thousand cubic feet) Cause AlI " • SPecies group ..... Softwoods • Jack "pi e n _ Red pine 'White pine White spruce Black spruce Balsam fir Hemlock Tamarack Eastern redcedar Northern white-cedar Other softwoods causes Insects Disease Fire •Animals Weather. Suppression UnknOwn and other 59 33 2 2 3 • - 59 ............ ................ 48 14 1 ........ 2 ............ 2 ............ 3 ............ -' ............ ................ ................ ................ ................ 114 14 1 ........ 2 -.... -32 64 293 159 39 17 12 2 ---- . • -' , ' , Total Hardwoods White oak Select red oak Other red oak Select hickory " • Other hickory Basswood • • Beech Yellow birch Hard maple Soft maple Elm .B1ack ash " White & green ash Cbttonwood Willow Hackber.ry BaIsam poplar .Bigtooth aspen Quaking aspen Paper birch . River birch Black cherry •Black walnut Butternut Other hardwoods Total A11 species ....... . , 99 749 1,752 1,008 72 79 347 3 242 375. 930 43 107 78 109 17 1,665 1,556 186 66 270 77 191 22 9,944 10,043 874 -47 2,197 -118 1,183 -16 111 ........ 79 ............ 394 -27 ................ 3 ............ 331 -16 407 -4 6,187 19 5,146 43 ............ 146 • 22 80 ........ 112 -3 17 ............ ................ 1,845 -102 . 1,777 -156 335 -66 68 .... 299 -12 79 -1 290 -99 32 -7 16,889 1.7,'003 ' 19 33 .. 5,842 5,843 -- 3 .... .... ..... 2 ........ .... 73 28 69 --23 15 -- 2 .... -.... 2 --........ .... 6 6 9 ...... 15 I 78 56 41 2 .... 1 --42 -- 2 96 96 60 60 922 922 o o • __ Table 57.-,Annual mortality of sawtimber on commercial forest land by species group and cause, Southwest Unit, Wisconsin, 1982 (In thousand board feet)l--/ : " AlI Species group Softwoods Jack pine Red pine White pine White spruce Black spruce Balsam fir Hemlock _Tamarack ' Eastern redcedar Northern whire-cedar Other softwoods Total Hardwoods" White oak Select red oak Other red oak Select hickory Other hickory Basswood Beech Yellow birch Hard maple Soft maple Elm Black ash White & green ash Cottonwood Willow Hackberry Balsam poplar Bigtooth aspen Quaking aspen •Paper birch River birch Black cherry Black walnut Butternut Other hardwoods Total -Al.l species , causes Insects Disease Fire Animals Weather Suppression Cause Unknown and other 99 -......... ........ 130 - , 99 ............ ....... 187 53 4 ................ ................ ................ ................ -............... 1 ............ ................ --. .............. 287 53 4 1 ....... -4 --- 230 1,790 7,366 3,564 253 1,160 4 468 931 4,137 144 262 171 310 73 4,218 1,743 350 99 189 259 352 18 27,861 28,091 . • " 2,197 -113 -2 292 9,405 -444 -159 1,432 4,303 -62 -' -677 260 -2 .... 5 6 6 ............ 1,298 -133 -5 .... ................ 4 ............ 896 -81 .... 347 1,065 -15 .... 119 20,754 82 16,288 .... 247 144 ............ 376 -114 ........ 177 --.... 6 321 -11 ........ 73 ............ ................ 4,838 . -249 .... 371 1,982 -47 .... 192 477 -2 .... 125 102 .... 3 ...... 238 -49 ........ 276 -9 -8 .... 475 -123 ........ 31 -13 ........ 49,698 49,985 88 141 17,755 17,759 3 3 174 174 3,813 3,813 ---- -- ---- ' •. 4 4 .- 1-/International I/4-inchrule. ' 79 o 8b 81 __ Table61.--Output of roundwood products by product, softwoods and hardwoods, and source of material, Southwest Unit, Wisconsin, 1981 (In thousand cubic feet) Product and speci•es_grOup Industrial pr'Oducts Saw 1ogs Softwoods Hardwoods Subtotal , veneer logs-and bolts Softwoods Hardwoods Subtotai PulpWood_/ Softwoods Hardwoods Subtotal COoperage, .' Softwoods Hardwoods Subtotal Piling .Softwoods Hardwoods Subtotal Poles Softwoods Hardwoods _Subtotal Mine timbers (Round) Softwoods Hardwoods ............... Subtotal Posts,(Round and split) SO ftwoods Hardwoods Subtotal Other Softwoods Hardwoods SubtotaI A]l industrial products Softwoods. Hardwoods TotaI . •Fuelwood Softwoods Hardwoods _ .., Total.......... All products - " Softwoods . Hardwoods ....Total ........ • All sources Total Growinq-stock trees Sawtimber Pol.etimber Rough and rotten trees Salvable' dead trees Other sources 682 18,957 19,639 , 265 17,586 17,851 252 16,087 16,339 13 1,499 1,512 35 309 344 104 666 770 278 396 674 .............. 574 518 574 518 1,615 307 1,922 1,028 246 1,274 . 518 518 475 75 550 --553 171 724 56 56 83 11 94 .... .... 155 6 161 349 44 393 .............. 107 94 107 94 .............. .............. .............. .............. ............ .............. .............. .............. 1,134 367 _ I,501 770 229 .. 999 94 94 --- 8 8 --- 5 5 ' -- _ 205 96 301 565 133 698 46 69 115 ---- 318 69 387 .............. 628 615 628 615 3,431 20,940 24,371 209 25,338 2,063 19,288 21,351 ........ 2,909 447 447 932 17,317 18,249 168 168 1,131 1,971 3,102 5 5 164 458 622 4 4 259 676 935 29 10,084 10,113 288 10,760 11,048 4 4 945 518 I,463 180 11,769 11,949 1,125 12,287 13,412 ' .. 1,801 1,801 932 19,118 20,050 1,108 1,108 1,131 3,079 4,210 576 576 164 1,034 1,!9.8, 2.5,5.4.7 .. 2,90.9 . 3,640 46,278 49,_9_18 _.. 2,063 22,197 24,260 . -I/Includesparticleboard and waferboard bolts. o ° , Table 62.--Timber products from roundwood by species group and product, Southwest Unit, Wisconsin, 1981 • Species .group .... ., Softwoods Jack pine Red pine White pine White spruce - Black spruce Balsam fir Hemlack" Tamarack Northern white-cedar Other softwoods Total Hardwoods White oak " Select red oak Other red oak HicRory Basswood Beech Yellow birch Hard maple • Soft maple ' Eim " .. ASh Cottonwood , Ba,sam poplar l Bigtooth aspen .Quaking aspen Paper birch Black ,walnut _/ • Other hardwoods-_' " Total. At',1 species All products Thousand cubic feet Pulpwood _-1/ Standard Thousand cords 2_/ cubic feet 412 1,07.7 122 1 1 2 Saw loqs Thousand Thousand board feet -3/ cubic feet 109 486 3,404 ........ 1 ........ 23 81 578 4_/ Veneer logs , Thousand Thousand board feet -3/ cubic feet .... .... .... .... 491 5,243 2,344 13,626 792 1,584 1 , 12 1 22 11 29 . -............. .............. 4_/ .... .............. 3,640 20,516 2 1,615 42 79 35 12 4,002 16,389 44,824 19,697 1,000 5,958 5 6,752 2,773 3,981 1,726 421 81 2,006 1,361 256 484 665 108,379 112,381 4_/ 682 2,868 7,852 3,450 178 1,063 .... .... 172 1,926 847 .... 171 26 314 138 28 6,165 533 13,692 1,005 6,016 441 445 .... 1,240 149 .............. 6 .... 2,047 313 1,245 341 9,459 406 976 121 140 26 14 .... 1,517 303 1,030 206 423 206 187 .... 1,676 44 46,278 4,094 49,918 24,610 24 24 28 7 2 21 15 16 2 307 1,922 1 --1,125 132 19 492 75 12 709 136 21 303 57 8 74 49 8 14 .... 348 1 4_/ 236 .... 42 .... 83 .... 119 .... 18,957 3,566 574 19,639 3,566 574 (Table 62 continued on next page) l_/Includesparticleboard and waferboard boits. 2-/128 cubic feet; includes wood, bark, and air space. •--3--/International I/4-inchrule. . ,--4/Lesshan 500 cubic feet. t _/Includes butternut and black cherry. " 83 (Table 62 continued) • . ..... _ _ Other Spec ies group ..... Fuelwood Standard Thousand t Posts Thousand Thousand pieces cubic feet Poles Pieces Thousand ,, cubic feet products Thousand cubic feet ' ' - cords 2_/ cubic feet .L 795 56 732 52 1,307 92 ............ ............ 135 9 .............. .............. ............ ............... 2,969 209 Softwoods Jack pine Red pine Whitepine White spruce B]ack spruce Balsam fir Hemlock T amarack Northern white-cedar Other softwoods TotaI Hardwoods White Oak Select red oak Other red oak Hickory Basswood Beech Yellow birch Hard maple Soft maple Elm Ash .Cottonwood •BaIsam pop!ar Bigtooth aspen Quaking aspen Paper birch Black walnut _j Other hardwoods-_' Total A 11 species .......... 1,104 1,134 .... ...... ...... -' -- .......... -1,104 1,134 ...... -....... ...... 107 41,634 2,910 77,772 ' 5,441 34,174 2,391 3,800 267 1,978 137 .............. 89 5 12,565 879 8,620 603 124,334 8,701 9,425 658 834 56 .............. 11,563 809 7,847 549 4,789 333 1,489 104 21,421 1,495 362,334 25,338 365,303 25,547 213 212 6 6 2 2 .......... .......... .......... .... ........ ........... .... .......... 87 88 59 59 ........ .......... ...... 367 367 1,471 1,501 ...... 114 .... .... .... 251 171 32 -60 735 735 .... .... -2/128cubic feet; includes wood, bark, and air space. 5Jlncludes butternut and black cherry. Table 63.--Volume of primary plant residue by use and type of residue, Southwest Unit, Wisconsin, 1981 . (In thousand cubic feet) Wood residue Total • Coarse-1/ 1 Softwoods 21.4 -28.2 139.1 0.2 0.6 189.5 Hardwoods 2,508.7 75.6 857.6 1,856.2 283.9 14.9 5,596.9 Fine _2/ Softwoods -...... 3.6 2.0 105.0 0.3 110.9 999.1 5.6 1,980.5 77.3 3,310.8 Hardwoods 248.3 Bark -3/ Softwoods 1.0 Hardwoods 142.7 48.8 32.9 17.3 16.5 54.7 122.4 1,789.9 511.2 1,182.6 90.7 3,765.9 Use , . Softwoods 21.4 -31.8 141.1 105.2 0.9 300.4 Hardwoods 2,757.0 75.6 1,856.7 1,861.8 2,264.4 92.2 8,907.7 Fiber products_ 4/ Charcoal Industrial fuel Domestic fuel Miscellaneous_ 5/ Not used _6/ Total -1/Suitabie for chipping such as slabs, edgings, veneer cores, etc. '_/Not suitable for chipping such as sawdust, veneer clippings, etc. -3/Doesnot include bark disposal at pulpmills. 4-/Formanufacture of pulp, hardboard, or roofing felt. • 5JLivestock bedding, mulch, small dimension, and specialty items. 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I_ S _ _1) f,,- O "_ '" 4._ I-- (/11 "111 "O O,..,,- C_.V_ _ _n._-. eO O,.(],) _,,_._ m f,,- _ _.) e- t_ f,.. _,p _" _o_ e" _ -_ _,_ O • .,-• _ _ _ e'_ 0 t,.) "_-_-.,-_,.-_:_ Q,I _ r",..-_ '--_ ev" _r- 2_ e_ e_ I::: _= Ul L e" (1) _ t_ 04-) "r" I--- I.a.I Z 0 ]_.,--_-._..-._ tn ¢1)1--- t.. q.- I= _.e.-._,-¢.),.._1_ _.), _ _.1._ _" r"_._ "_ _ 0 C_ (_ ev'_e_ >. "-w-C,_ i._1 e_ -_ ¢..) --_e -r- ee_ e_ C_,_ _.r-_--_- _ _ __4-_ _,14._ ¢_4-_ _ _ (1) cO 0_,-e" 0"__1 _.e_ 0 c _ _ Z _ tnl ,--,.j ,.-.I 86 o o . Table 65.--A11 live tree biomass by species group and tree biomass component, Southwest Unit, Wisconsin, 1983 . • , (In green tons) " All components All live 1- to 5-inch trees Biomass component Growing stock Tops and Boles limbs 223,787 1,834,164 350,164 6,989 18,686 5,423 95,745 788,509 149,218 2,862 7,837 2,292 Cull Boles 93,642 19,991 18,068 .... .... .... Tops and limbs 40,087 8,605 5,051 ' ' " 'species.groUp., Softwoods Jack pine Red•pine White pine White spruce Black spruce Balsam fir _,Hem16ck Tamarack ' 520,177 66,916 2,865,422 214,153 744_871 222,370 41,524 31,673 26,523 -7,715 --........... ............. 153,209 27,592 ............ ............ 4,359,441 562,704 Eastern redcedar Northern white-cedar Other softwoods Total Hardwoods ." 28,419 11,538 74,215 11,445 2,467,632 11,402,621 15,854,701 7,137,276 3,018,411 1,641,070 3,618,829 1,0.58,001 4,752,393 6,756,767 3,017,199 1,276,569 696,462 1,537,650 20,289 1,779,182 1,199,092 1,326,108 192,795 597,478 266,032 100,812 24,479 16,796 1,074,817 960,499 1,215,486 79,676 712,983 240,510 320,931 184,875 28,349,880 29,407,881 205,916 5,557,380 3,821,310 3,978,569 672,043 206,704 1,132,372 8,721 1,640,852 954,335 1,214,702 66,130 269,971 50,977 156,418 8,422 .... 185,926 421,986 591,807 54,599 732,668 144,766 649,106 632,931 3,079,722 26,232,417 26,438,333 65,188 2,235,911 1,594,761 1,653,363 274,135 63,350 451,092 3,703 691,277 389,556 488,163 27,514 104,134 20,977 55,977 3,427 80,992 172,226 241,448 23,534 271,754 61,665 273,265 247,516 344,043 9,773,783 9,838,971 White oak . Select red oak Other red oak Select hickory Other hickory Basswood Beech Yellow bi'rch Hard maple Soft maple Elm Black ash. White & green ash Cottonwood Willow Hackberry "Balsam poplar - Bigtooth aspen Quaking aspen Paper birch River birch Black cherry Black walnut Butternut Qther hardwoods Noncommercialspecies Total All species 24,559,472 611,167 28,430,820 403,281 16,007,682 221,275 5,656,922 415,764 3,177,805 570,219 7,240,955 501,012 ............ 81,231 8,702,477 5,919,874 7,000,204 844,652 2,611,359 972,010 586,467 125,287 58,140 4,038,565 4,185,978 5,675,265 388,485 3,745,657 1,020,873 2,051,221 1,842,965 _ 3,423,765 138,348,131 142,707,572 ' .. ' -48,518 415,593 4,175,573 570,686 2,806,205 771,413 3,199,818 97,594 460,619 237,768 1,402,008 4,840 629,184 31,765 241,495 29,624 59,335 2,842 38,502 227,177 2,469,653 400,344 2,230,923 766,248 2,860,276 42,610 188,066 355,211 1,673,041 8,580 565,352 55,973 751,946 335,960 441,683 ...... 7,076,946 66,915,105 7,639,650 69,382,737 o . • , o 87 ° o . Table 66.--Sampling errors _1/ for estimates smaller than the Unit totals of volume, net growth, removals, and area of commercial forest land, Southwest Unit, Wisconsin, 1983 Sampling error Percent 1 2 3 4 5 I0 215 20 25 50 100 Commercial forest land Thousand acres 299.1 74.8 33.2 18.7 12.0 3.0 1.3 0.7 0.5 0.1 0.0 Inventor_ .... Growinq stock Growth Removals Inventory Saw¢imber Growth Removals - - Thousand cubic feet ........ 1,626,313 406,5)8 180,701 101,645 65,053 16,263 7,228 4,066 2,602 651 163 35,432,994 8,858,248 3,936,999 2,214,562 1,417,320 354,330 157,480 88,582 56,693 14,173 3,543 Thousand board feet _/100,373,122 25,093,280 11,152,569 6,273,320 4,014,925 1,003,731 446,103 250,933 160,597 40,149 10,037 5,368,599 1,342,150 596,511 335,537 214,744 53,686 23,860 13,421 8,590 2,147 537 _, 24,168,264 6,042,066 2,685,363 1,510,517 966,731 241,683 107,415 60,421 38,669 9,667 2,417 98,463,036 24,615,759 10,940,337 6,153,940 3,938,521 984,630 437,613 246,158 157,541 39,385 9,846 1--/At the 68-percent probability level. _/International V4-inch rule. Table 67.--Sampling errors for county totals of growing-stock volume, net growth, removals, and area of commercial forest land, Southwest Unit, Wisconsin, 1983 (Percent Commercial forest land 1.26 1.34 1,33 1.27 1.48 1.57 2.82 2.37 1.72 1.37 2.03 1.28 1.43 1.22 0.39 of estimate) Growing stock Growth 17.66 19.67 17.61 18.18 23.33 24.00 61.22 43.84 25.95 21.45 24.76 17.31 20.17 18.69 5.74 County Buffalo Crawford Dunn Grant Iowa La Crosse Lafayette Pepin Pierce Richland St. Croix Sauk Trempealeau Vernon All counties Inventory 10.81 12.07 11.58 11.76 15.75 13.82 30.41 24.54 17.24 13.14 20.68 11.16 13.97 10.90 3.65 Removals 110.93 239.02 132.71 164.39 264.08 154.29 1/ 306._ 212.40 209.01 140.19 67.43 172.84 166.97 39.38 • • l-/Therewere no average annual removals for this county. ,- "'A, U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE" 1985--566-735/20003 88 ° . J ; Raile, Gerhard K. Timber Resource of Wisconsin's Southwest Survey unit, 1983. Resour. Bull. NC-87. St. Paul, MN: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, North Central Forest Experiment Station; 1985. 88 p. The timber resource of the Southwest Wisconsin Survey Unit increased 29 percent in commercial forest area and increased 52 percent in growing-stock volume between 1968 and 1983. Highlights and statistics from the fourth inventory of this unit are presented for area, volume, growth, mortality, removals, utilization, and biomass. KEY WORDS: Statistics, area, volume, growth, mortality, removals. . •