Get documents about "BIO TAKS Tutorial IV
Document Sample
BIO TAKS Tutorial 3.2
Objective 3.2 Try the next 5
questions to see if you need to
do this tutorial . . .
1. During a severe drought a dry lake was explored for
fossils. The diagram represents the fossils uncovered
and the layers they were in. According to this
information, this area was once a —
A forest that was replaced by
a freshwater lake
B freshwater lake that was
replaced by a desert
C saltwater sea that was
replaced by a forest
D freshwater lake that was
replaced by a forest
2. The diagram on the right shows a virus with its surface
markers. The diagrams below show various animal cells
with receptor sites. Which of the cells is most likely
affected by this virus.
3.
4. The diagram shows
physical changes
that occur in the
water cycle. Which
of these shows
condensation?
AT
BS
CR
DQ
5. Which of these activities can help
conserve natural resources?
F Recycling cardboard
boxes
G Washing small loads of
laundry
H Driving large cars
J Building wooden fences
Check your answers, if you have all
of them correct, take the end quiz to
see if you need to do this tutorial.
1. A
2. D
3. C
4. A
5. F
Bacteria
Bacteria can cause illnesses, however 90% of all
bacteria are helpful, NOT harmful.
Without bacteria, you would not be able to
make or eat cheese or ice cream. Without them,
you would be ill most of the time.
Strep Throat and Staph infections are examples
of bacterial infections.
Viruses
Viruses are not alive
because they can not
reproduce on their
own, and
They do not grow and
develop and
They do not exchange
with their environment
Viral Illnesses
A Virus is has a coat called a
capsid, a strand inside of nucleic
acid (DNA or RNA), and some
type of attachment appendage.
Measles, mumps, colds,
influenza (flu), Cold Sores,
mononucleosis, and Epstein-Barr
are all illnesses that are caused
by a virus.
Viruses can be cell specific:
Surface features on a virus can make it cell
specific. They attach to receptor sites on the
surface of a cell, much like a lock and key.
Viruses use the cell’s mitosis to reproduce itself,
killing the cell, and making many copies of itself
instead.
Since a virus contains a small strand of DNA or
RNA it can easily mutate into a new strain of the
virus, able to infect other cells or organisms.
2. The diagram on the right shows a virus with its surface
markers. The diagrams below show various animal cells
with receptor sites. Which of the cells is most likely
affected by this virus.
The ends of
the virus
can attach
here!
All forms of life are dependent on
cycles. . .
Abiotic cycles such as
the rock cycle and the
water cycle have an
effect on living things.
Biotic cycles such as
the carbon cycle and
nitrogen cycle help us
to understand the
interrelationships
among organisms.
Precipitation (rain and
Water Cycle snow) fall on plants
and ground.
Plants respire and
water evaporates back
into clouds.
In clouds it condenses
to droplets or ice and
falls to the ground.
The ground filters the
water run-off into the
lakes where it again
evaporates.
Carbon Cycle
Glucose C6H12O6 is
produced by plants,
(Photosynthesis)
eaten by animals.
Cellular Respiration
Animals and plants
exhale CO2 which is
taken in by plants to
make glucose
Nitrogen Cycle
Rock Cycle
Man’s Effects on the Environment
Ozone O3 is a protective layer at the top of the
atmosphere.
However, when it occurs near the ground, it is
very harmful to all living things, it is SMOG
Man’s Effects on the Environment
More than 90% of
fresh water is locked
in ice at the polar
caps and in glaciers.
Much of the fresh
water is polluted by
land run-off, dumping
of wastes and excess
heat put directly into
lakes, oceans and
rivers.
Man’s Effects on the Environment
Global warming, also
called the Greenhouse
Effect is caused by
excess burning of fossil
fuels, destruction of our
oxygen producing
protista in the oceans,
and deforestation on
land. Less plants
means less oxygen and
more CO2.
Evolution: The process of change over time.
There are natural variations in all
populations.
As climate changes occur, and as pressures
in terms of food, space, shelter and predation
occur, some of these variations allow a part
of a species to survive.
The members who survive, reproduce
causing the change to become a
characteristic of the species.
Speciation: Separation into new species.
Geographic
isolation can cause
two different natural
variations to
become prominent
causing 2 separate
species.
Reproductive
isolation can have
the same effect.
Fossils These are imprints or
remains of living things.
In undisturbed layers of
sedimentary rock, the
deeper it is, the older it is.
Fossils give us much
information about extinct
species and how they
lived.
During a severe drought a dry lake was explored for
fossils. The diagram represents the fossils uncovered and
the layers they were in. According to this information,
this area was once a —
Read pictures and diagrams
A forest that was replaced
first! Fish skeleton tells us
by a freshwater lake
there was a lake or sea, as
B freshwater lake that was
does the shell. The fern
replaced by a desert
tells us there was a wetland
C saltwater sea that was at
area, and the Leaf tells us
replaced by ago, there
one time, long a forest
D freshwater lake the leaf
was a forest. Sincethat was
replaced by the forest
is the deepest, a forest is
the oldest.
Homologous vs. Analogous Structures
Homologous means they Analogous means they
have the same origin, but have the same function but
may be different now. come from different
Example, the upper arm origins.
bones in dogs, cows, cats Example, bird wings and
and monkeys. wings of bats.
See how you do now, answer the next 6
questions on your own paper under the title
Objective 3.2. Please include your name and
your teacher’s name. .
1. One characteristic shared by a virus and a
42
living cell is that both —
A store genetic information in nucleic acids
B have a crystalline structure
C gain energy directly from the sun
D use glucose for respiration
2. Battery-powered cars produce less air
49
pollution than gasoline-powered cars. However,
one environmental concern of using battery-
powered cars is that batteries —
A are heavier than gasoline engines
B waste more energy than gasoline engines
C contain toxic substances that are difficult to
dispose of
D produce direct current rather than alternating
current
3. The diagram illustrates
how some characteristics
of the horse have changed
over time. Along with the
difference in size, what is
another anatomical
difference between the
modern horse and its
ancestors?
A The structure of the tooth
has been adapted for
eating meat.
B The size of the molars
has decreased.
C The length of the
forefoot has decreased.
D The number of toes has
decreased.
4. All of these materials can be recycled
54
except —
A aluminum
B lumber
C glass
D coal
5.
A.
B.
C.
D.
TAK Obj. 03
TEKS B.4D
6.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Turn in your answer sheet to
receive your bonus buck!
