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2007 LandWarNet Conference
Track #6: Extending GIG Connectivity to the Warfighter (3D)
Electromagnetic Spectrum
Operations (EMSO)
Session 2
21 Aug 2007/1230 hrs
Unclassified
Mr. Ed Francis, ASMO – LNO, Signal Center 4/21/2011
ed.francis@us.army.mil, DSN 780-1178 Slide 1
2007 LandWarNet Conference
Track 6, Session 2: Electromagnetic
Spectrum Operations
• PURPOSE: To highlight the current EM Spectrum Operational
Environment challenge; define the EMSO concept and how it
operationalizes Spectrum Management; and explain how
EMSO enables EW Operations and Network Operations to
support the warfighter in an extremely congested Network
Centric Environment
• OBJECTIVES: By the end of this brief you will be able to:
– Articulate 4 components of Electromagnetic Spectrum
Operations (EMSO), & its relationship to NETOPS and EW
– Status of MOS 25E: training & force structure
– Status of CENTCOM JUONS
Unclassified
Mr. Ed Francis, ASMO – LNO, Signal Center 4/21/2011
ed.francis@us.army.mil, DSN 780-1178 Slide 2
2007 LandWarNet Conference
Agenda
• Electromagnetic Spectrum Environment
Challenges
• Electromagnetic Spectrum Operations (EMSO)
• EMSO Relative to Electronic Warfare and
Network Operations
• Signal Center Actions
• Way Ahead
Unclassified
4/21/2011
Slide 3
2007 LandWarNet Conference
Electromagnetic Environment Challenge
• Lessons learned from Iraq and Afghanistan have identified
significant frequency interference issues
• EW systems have exacerbated an already complex and
oversaturated Electromagnetic Operational Environment
• Accelerated modernization increases the challenge to the execution
of efficient spectrum operations
• EM Spectrum Operations involves more than EW and
Communication systems
• Electromagnetic Spectrum Management is a validated Tier 1
capability gap.*
Management of the Electromagnetic Spectrum needs an Operational
approach
—not a Frequency Management approach
* Network-enabled Battle Command Capabilities-based Assessment (NEBC CBA) Phase I Final Report, 30 August 2006
Unclassified
4/21/2011
Slide 4
2007 LandWarNet Conference
EM Spectrum Operations
● Electromagnetic Spectrum Operational Environment
- Shared by all emitters in the EM Operational Environment--Radio
Frequencies near term focus; Lasers and Infrared in the long term
- Must be operationally managed as efficiently as ammo, rations, etc.
- Aerial layer presents unique challenges
- Enables Network Centric Warfare
● EM Spectrum Operations (EMSO) G6/S6 responsibility
- Must deconflict frequencies for all operational requirements
- Visibility of EW frequency plan required in order to deconflict
frequency assignments
- Governed by DOD, National and International Policy
- Nations have sovereign rights to spectrum
Unclassified
4/21/2011
Slide 5
2007 LandWarNet Conference
Electromagnetic Spectrum Operations
EM Spectrum Operational Environment
Unclassified
4/21/2011
Slide 6
2007 LandWarNet Conference
The Electromagnetic Spectrum
Operational Environment
The Radio Frequency portion of the "Electromagnetic Spectrum"
is a shared by military and civilian users
Unclassified
4/21/2011
Slide 7
2007 LandWarNet Conference
Electromagnetic Spectrum
The Network Centric Enabler
– All radios, radar and other wireless devices JTF C
MARFOR
AFFOR NAVFOR
require spectrum to operate O
Coalition
N
– Spectrum is essential to the success of U
information operations in a mobile S
environment
SYSTEMS
• Total Asset Visibility--RF Tags • JNN
• Synthetic Aperture Radar • EPLRS
• Land Warrior--Soldier Radio
• JTRS
• Communications Relay
Package • NTDR
• Unattended Ground Sensors • WIN-T
• Advanced Quick Fix • Patriot
• Tactical UAS/UGV • SMART-T
Unclassified
4/21/2011
Slide 8
2007 LandWarNet Conference
Perceptions about the EM Spectrum
PERCEPTION REALITY
• The Army can use any • The Army must abide by regulatory
frequency provisions
• International Regs and Treaties
• National Telecommunications &
Info Administration for CONUS
• The Army ‗owns‘ the RF • RF Spectrum ―Ownership‖ (0 - 300
spectrum that is uses. GHz)
• 1.4% Government Exclusive
• 5.5% Non-Gov. Exclusive (FCC)
• 93.1% Shared
• The RF spectrum is unlimited • The RF spectrum is a limited, highly
congested and contested natural
resource.
Unclassified
4/21/2011
Slide 9
2007 LandWarNet Conference
EM Spectrum Operations
EM Spectrum Operational Environment
Policy
Unclassified
4/21/2011
Slide 10
2007 LandWarNet Conference
International Spectrum Policy
United Nations
International
Department Telecommunication
of
State Union (ITU)
(Treaty Status) ITU
Member
FCC NTIA Administrations
Unclassified
4/21/2011
Slide 11
2007 LandWarNet Conference
ITU Member Nations
Each Nation has Sovereignty Over the Use of
its Spectrum
European Conference of Postal
and Telecommunications
Inter-American Administrations (CEPT)
Telecommunication League of (43)
Commission (CITEL) Arab
(35) African States
Telecommunications (LAS)
Union (ATU) (22) Asia-Pacific
(46) Telecommunity
(APT)
(35)
International Telecommunication Union (ITU)
Unclassified
(189 Voting Member Nations) 4/21/2011
Slide 12
2007 LandWarNet Conference
National Spectrum Policy
Executive Communications Act of 1934
Branch
Legislative
Branch
National
Telecommunications Federal
and Information
Administration (NTIA) Communications
Department of Commission (FCC)
Commerce
Interdepartmental 21
Radio Advisory Government Private Sector
Committee Departments
(IRAC) and Agencies
Unclassified
4/21/2011
Slide 13
2007 LandWarNet Conference
Interdepartment Radio Advisory Committee (IRAC)
USIA FEMA State
U.S. VA Army
GSA
Postal
Service Energy
Navy
Chairman
(NTIA)
Commerce
NASA
HLS
NSF
FCC
(Liaison)
Agriculture
Interior HHS
Coast FAA Air
Guard Justice Treasury
Unclassified Force
4/21/2011 14
Slide 14
2007 LandWarNet Conference
DoD Spectrum Policy
J6
OASD(NII)
Spectrum Management
Directorate
IRAC Military Comm
Electronics Board
CINCs
Joint Frequency
Frequency
Management
Panel Office
ASMO NAVEMSCEN AFFMA SPO DSO
Technical Unclassified Technical support
support 4/21/2011
Slide 15
2007 LandWarNet Conference
EM Spectrum Operational Environment
EM Spectrum Operations
Host Nation
Coordination
Policy
Unclassified
4/21/2011
Slide 16
2007 LandWarNet Conference
―There‘s No Place Like Home‖
–Training & Exercises –Joint Operations
–Operational Impacts –Coalition Operations
–Systems Development –International Issues
Unclassified
4/21/2011
Slide 17
2007 LandWarNet Conference
Host Nation Coordination
• Radio waves don‘t stop at
geo-political boundaries
• International cooperation is
essential
• Each nation regulates their
own spectrum
• U.S. military must obtain
clearance before usage
Coordination with the Host Nation must be accomplished
prior to deployment. Staging and training areas are critical.
Unclassified
4/21/2011
Slide 18
2007 LandWarNet Conference
EM Spectrum Operational Environment
EM Spectrum Operations
Host Nation
Coordination
Spectrum
Management
Policy
Unclassified
4/21/2011
Slide 19
2007 LandWarNet Conference
US Army Prime Spectrum Real Estate
30 MHz -- 30 GHz
V
H
F
30 MHz 300 MHz
U
H
F
300 MHz 3 GHz
S
H
F
3 GHz 30 GHz
Unclassified
GOVERNMENT EXCLUSIVE GOVERNMENT / NON-GOVERNMENT SHARED
4/21/2011
NON-GOVERNMENT EXCLUSIVE Slide 20 USED BY THE US ARMY
2007 LandWarNet Conference
Allocation - SINCGARS Example
What we have (dark blue squares)
V
H
F
30 MHz
} 300 MHz
2320 Channels
30 -- 88 MHz
- 7.05 MHz Federal Spectrum
- 50.95 MHz Borrowed from FCC
What we need
GOVERNMENT EXCLUSIVE GOVERNMENT / NON-GOVERNMENT SHARED
NON-GOVERNMENT EXCLUSIVE
Unclassified THE US ARMY
USED BY
4/21/2011
Slide 21
2007 LandWarNet Conference
EM Spectrum Operational Environment
EM Spectrum Operations
Host Nation
Navigation
Sensor Coordination
Satellite
EW Ops
ES
EP Spectrum
EA Management Comm Frequency
Networks
CREW Assignments
Radar
Munitions UAS/
Air Defense
IRR
UGS Policy
Unclassified
4/21/2011
Slide 22
2007 LandWarNet Conference
Current NETOPS Doctrine
NetOps
IA/CND
Network Management IDM/CS
Frequency
SM
Assignments
Unclassified
4/21/2011
Slide 23
2007 LandWarNet Conference
Current NETOPS Doctrine
Actual EMSO Requirement
EM Spectrum Operational Environment
NetOps EM Spectrum Operations
Host Nation
Navigation IA
Sensor Coordination
Satellite
EW Ops ES
Network Management
Spectrum IDM
EP Frequency
EA
Management Comm
Networks Assignments
CREW
Radar
Munitions UAS/
Frequency
SM Air Defense
IRR UGS Policy
Assignments
Unclassified
4/21/2011
Slide 24
2007 LandWarNet Conference
EMSO and NETOPS
EM Spectrum Operational Environment
NetOps
IA
EM Spectrum Operations NetOps
IDM
NM IA
SM Host Nation IDM
Navigation
Sensor Coordination Network
Satellite Management
EW Ops
ES
Spectrum
EP Frequency
Management Comm
EA Networks Assignments
CREW
Radar
Munitions UAS/
Air Defense
IRR
UGS Policy
Unclassified
4/21/2011
Slide 25
2007 LandWarNet Conference
Signal Center Actions
• Draft EMSO Concepts Capability Plan (CCP) sent to ARCIC for
approval 15 May 2007
– CCP is a Joint approach that provides a glide path to GEMSIS
– Leverages CJSMPT JCTD and WIN-T
• EMSO designated as a Signal Regiment Core Competency
• Conducting a full DOTMLPF assessment
• Engaged with the CPAO Strategic Communications Coordination
Group (SCCG) to garner Army senior leadership support
EM Spectrum Operations - Major Challenge Facing
Ground Forces in a Non-Linear Battlespace
Unclassified
4/21/2011
Slide 26
2007 LandWarNet Conference
CENTCOM Near Term Solution
Two Part Approach:
• Part 1: JUONS – Joint Urgent Operational Need Statement
− Procure Handheld Spectrum Analyzers for all service spectrum
managers in Theater and for pre-deployment training
− Modify DoD spectrum management tool (Spectrum XXI) to
include EW spectrum deconfliction
− Leverage Automated Communications Engineering Software
(ACES) laptops for expedience, cost savings, and integration on
common platform
− Stand-up 24/7 Operations Spectrum Analysis Cell (OSAC) to
assist in Frequency, spectrum and Counter IED expert analysis
• Part 2: Coalition Joint Spectrum Management Planning Tool
(CJSMPT) Joint Capabilities Technology Demo (JCTD)
Unclassified
4/21/2011
Slide 27
2007 LandWarNet Conference
CJSMPT Capabilities
• Provides near real-time spectrum
planning and de-confliction capability
• Three Phase Development
– Phase 1: C-IED de-confliction capability with
CENTCOM and EUCOM force structure / emitter
databases
– Phase 2: Enhanced SM Capabilities with Enhanced
Databases (Including Coalition / Host Nation)
– Phase 3: Joint Military Utility Assessment (JMUA)
support followed by program transition to DoD‘s
Global Electromagnetic Spectrum Information
System (GEMSIS) Unclassified
4/21/2011
Slide 28
2007 LandWarNet Conference
CJSMPT Status
• Phase 1
– Contract awarded 1 May 2006 to Lockheed Martin
– A Limited User Military Assessment (LUMA) was conducted the
week of 25-29 June 2007
– Spectrum Manager users participating in ongoing V&V
– Deliverables:
• Initial Jammer/Blue Comm Deconfliction Capability loaded on ―ACES‖
laptops Aug 2007 for a limited CENTCOM user assessment
• A 2nd LUMA will be conducted Nov 2007
• Limited fielding will be conducted in CENTCOM AOR Dec 07 – Jan 08
• Phase 2
– Coordination of approach for Phase 2 requirements with Joint Staff
and Services ongoing
– Need to ensure that short term JIEDDO objectives are met while also
maximizing transition potential to WIN-T and GEMSIS PORs
– Full Fielding is scheduled for 4th Qtr FY 08
Unclassified
4/21/2011
Slide 29
2007 LandWarNet Conference
Signal Center Actions
• Draft EMSO Concepts Capability Plan (CCP) sent to ARCIC for
approval 15 May 2007; approval anticipated for Sept 07
– CCP is a Joint approach that provides a glide path to GEMSIS
– Leverages CJSMPT JCTD and WIN-T
• EMSO designated as a Signal Regiment Core Competency
• Conducting a full DOTMLPF assessment
• Engaged with the CPAO Strategic Communications Coordination
Group (SCCG) to garner Army senior leadership support
EM Spectrum Operations - Major Challenge Facing
Ground Forces in a Non-Linear Battlespace
Unclassified
4/21/2011
Slide 30
2007 LandWarNet Conference
MOS 25E - EM Spectrum Management
27 Feb 06 Military Occupation Classification and Structure (MOCS)
action to establish new MOS 25E submitted to HRC
6 Oct 06 Staffing with ARCOMs and ARSTAFF complete
31 Oct 06 Notification of Future Change (NOFC) published with E-9 5
Edate of 17 July 2008 assuming:
- No issues
E-8 14
15 Nov 06 DA G1 approved out-of-cycle implementation
18 Jan 07 DA G3 signed final Army Staff MOCs action approval E-7 57
Jun 07 Out-of-cycle update of FY 08 TAADS and PAM System to
document new MOS 25E and ASI S9
E-6 91
Jul 07 HRC initiated in-service personnel reclassification of
selected soldiers (E7 –E9) possessing ASI D9 to new
MOS 25E
Jan 08 Start 25E MOS producing course Change MOS
Start S9 ASI producing course title to Electromagnetic
Spectrum
17 Jul 08 Full implementation Operations NCO??
Unclassified
4/21/2011
Slide 31
2007 LandWarNet Conference
MOS 25E Force Structure
PROPOSED CONSTRUCT
UNDER EW FDU CURRENT S6/G6 CONSTRUCT
XXX (Army) - 1 XXX (Army) – 3+1
XXX (Corps) - 1 XXX (Corps) - 2
XX (Division) - 1 XX (Division) - 2
X (Brigade) - 1 X (Brigade) - 1
| | (Battalion) - 1 | | (Battalion) - 0
Unclassified
4/21/2011
Slide 32
2007 LandWarNet Conference
Signal Center Actions
• Draft EMSO Concepts Capability Plan (CCP) sent to ARCIC for
approval 15 May 2007
– CCP is a Joint approach that provides a glide path to GEMSIS
– Leverages CJSMPT JCTD and WIN-T
• EMSO designated as a Signal Regiment Core Competency
• Conducting a full DOTMLPF assessment
• Engaged with the CPAO Strategic Communications Coordination
Group (SCCG) to garner Army senior leadership support
EM Spectrum Operations - Major Challenge Facing
Ground Forces in a Non-Linear Battlespace
Unclassified
4/21/2011
Slide 33
2007 LandWarNet Conference
Way Ahead
• Implement EM Spectrum Operations throughout the regiment
- DOTLMPF assessment will identify gaps in resources and warfighting
capabilities
- Continue coordination with the CAC EW Proponency Office to integrate EMSO
with EW Operations
- Coordinate with NETCOM to refine EMSO relationship to NETOPS
- Maintain close coordination with the Joint Staff and other Services
- Finalize EMSO CCP
- Develop long term EMSO institutional training strategy
• Begin revision of current Spectrum Management Doctrine to reflect the
emerging Spectrum Operations Concept
- Coordinate with the EW Doctrine writers to ensure Spectrum Operations is
included in their documents
- Revise FMI 6-02.70 Army Electromagnetic Spectrum Management Operations
- Coordinate with Joint Staff J6 to publish a separate Joint Pub for JEMSO
• Refine EW and Spectrum Operations lanes in the Electromagnetic
Environment
- Specific differing tasks will be performed by the EWO and Spectrum
Operations NCO at each echelon, Bn – Theater.
- Support EW FDU submitted on 1 May which identifies a requirement for 25E
MOS at Maneuver Battalion.
Unclassified
4/21/2011
Slide 34
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