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4/20/2011 Goals, Objectives and Actions Workbook
Dams
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1. Improve information, data collection, and compliance ?
2. Improve agency response capability to dam related emergency ?
3. Quantify the risk to the state of Alaska from dams ?
4. Increase staff in the Dam Safety and Construction Unit ?
5. Increase public awareness about dam safety ?
6. Improve Communication ?
7. Dam Rehabilitation ?
OBJECTIVES and ACTIONS Status Time Line LEAD
1.1. Objective: Obtain accurate vulnerability information for the Class I and Class II State jurisdiction dams.
Safet and Constuction Unit
Determining the risk associated with a particular facility requires access to a broad range of technical information that is
often not available. Obtaining good quality information can be a costly and time-consuming operation. For example,
construction records may not be available for an old dam. To fully understand the ability of the structure to withstand an
earthquake may require a geotechnical investigation of the dam and its foundation, a site specific seismic assessment, and
Dam Owners
a structural stability evaluation. The total cost to collect this type of information could easily be more than $100,000. A
number of dam owners in Alaska simply lack the funding to fully understand the risks created by their dams. In addition,
much of the data in the Alaska Dam Inventory is based on the original inventory conducted in the early 1980s. The quality
DNR
of this data, including the hazard potential classification, needs to be verified for each dam. This important task is costly
and time consuming, but imperative to on Unit and the risk of dams under state su
1.1.1. Action: Obtain vulnerability information for one Class I and Class II State jurisdiction
dam every year. 20 Years "
1.1.2. Action: Convert existing dam inundation maps into an electronic format suitable for
use in a Geographical Information System or drafting software package. 10 Years "
1.2. Objective: Obtain current Periodic Safety Inspections and EAPs for all Class I and II dams under State jurisdiction.
Alaska dam safety regulations require all dams under state jurisdiction to have a current periodic safety inspection and
Class I and Class II dams to have current EAPs. At the end of State fiscal year 2003, only 51% of state jurisdiction dams
have a current periodic safety inspection, and 35% of Class I and Class II state jurisdiction dams have an EAP, of which
only 19% are current. "
1.2.1. Action: Contact dam owners without a current periodic safety inspection or EAP and establish a timeline for them
to provide current information. 10 Years
2.1. Objective: Develop an EAP for the Dam Safety and Construction Unit The Dam Safety and Construction Unit is
usually included in the notification flowcharts of dam specific, emergency action plans. However, the specific
responsibilities of the DNR during a dam emergency are not always defined. Furthermore, the independent actions of the
Dam Safety and Construction Unit during a natural disaster, such as severe flooding or an earthquake are not defined
either. An EAP is required in order to anticipate the appropriate actions that should occur on the part of the DNR during
such events. This objective is consistent with the goals identified in the FEMA grant to the Dam Safety and Construction
Unit from the National Dam Safety Program.
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4/20/2011 Goals, Objectives and Actions Workbook
The Dam Safety and Construction Unit is usually included in the notification flowcharts of dam specific, emergency action
plans. However, the specific responsibilities of the DNR during a dam emergency are not always defined. Furthermore, the
independent actions of the Dam Safety and Construction Unit during a natural disaster, such as severe flooding or an
earthquake are not defined either. An EAP is required in order to anticipate the appropriate actions that should occur on the
part of the DNR during such events. This objective is consistent with the goals identified in the FEMA grant to the Dam
Safety and Construction Unit from the National Dam Safety Program.
2.1.1. Action: Develop an EAP for the Dam Safety and Construction Unit 2 Years
3.1. Objective: Conduct a statewide risk assessment for dams in Alaska
3.1.1. Action: Retain a contractor to develop statewide risk assessment 2 Years
4.1. Objective: Hire an Engineering Assistant
The staff of the Dam Safety and Construction Unit consists of one Technical Engineer II. This individual is responsible for
supervising the safety of more than 80 state jurisdiction dams in Alaska, as well as the technical review of all applications
for new construction that may be submitted. The result is a “fireman‟s job” where limited resources must be allocated to
projects with a perceived high priority. AS 46.17 authorizes the DNR to retain a contractor to assist with technical reviews;
however, this is practical only with a new application that has a sufficient fee to cover the associated costs. (This also adds
administrative responsibilities to the workload that further interferes with the technical engineering responsibilities of the
job). Furthermore, if the state licensing program for small hydroelectric facilities (5 megawatts and less) comes into effect,
an unknown number of additional dams could come under State jurisdiction. This would increase the workload of the Dam
Safety and Constructi
Because the number of dams in Alaska is small in comparison to other states, a large dam safety staff is not justified.
However, an Engineering Assistant I or II would be a direct benefit with mitigating affects for the dam safety program. This
would result in a total staff of two engineers in the Alaska Dam Safety Program. The additional cost would be the
associated salary and benefits. The risk associated with limited technical staff in the state‟s dam safety regulatory agency
was identified in a peer review of the Alaska Dam Safety Program conducted by the ASDSO in 2002.
4.1.1. Action: Hire an Engineering Assistant 5 Years "
5.1. Objective: Continue to conduct outreach/awareness activities
The concept of dam safety in Alaska currently suffers from relative obscurity from a public awareness perspective. Many
Alaskans are not aware of dams in Alaska or the Alaska Dam Safety Program. The Dam Safety and Construction Unit has
increased public awareness by promoting the National Dam Safety Awareness Day, hosting the Western Region
Conference of the ASDSO, and providing local training opportunities for dam owners and operators, consultants, regulators,
and emergency managers. In addition, presentations on dam safety have been made for professional organizations such as
local chapters of the American Society of Civil Engineers and the Alaska Miners Association, and the State Dam Safety
Engineer has served as a guest lecturer at the Alaska Pacific University. This objective is consistent with the goals identified
in the FEMA grant to the Dam Safety and Construction Unit from the National Dam Safety Program.
5.1.1. Action: Continue to promote public awareness 2 Years "
6.1. Objective: Improve communication between Federal, state and local agencies
The biggest problem in working with the various Federal, state, and local agencies is communicating and understanding the
roles that various parties play. This is most acute at a local level where perceived priorities, project understanding, and
financial and human resources limit the ability of the various participants to coordinate effectively. For example, local
agencies or private entities often seem to underestimate the value of an EAP.
6.1.1. Action: Continue to participate in the State Hazard Mitigation Advisory Committee 1 Year "
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7.1. Objective: Rehabilitate the dams with known or suspected deficiencies.
As seen in Table 13.5, a substantial number of dams in Alaska are in need of repairs, ranging from deferred maintenance to
major rehabilitation of the dam. Alaska was included in a recent report entitled “The Cost of Rehabilitating Our Nation‟s
Dams” prepared by a task committee of ASDSO (revised in October, 2003). The report looked at the total number of
“eligible” (non-Federally owned dams) on the National Inventory of Dams and evaluated the need for rehabilitation through a
detailed logic diagram. The cost of rehabilitation was weighted based primarily on the height of the dam, and included
considerations for deferred maintenance, detailed engineering assessments, reclassification of the hazard potential, and
physical improvements or removal. No consideration was given to specific knowledge regarding the condition of actual
dams in Alaska. Based on the methodologies presented in the report, the rehabilitation cost was estimated at $18,729,120
for 21 high hazard potential dams in Alaska.
Note that this cost estimate does not include significant or low hazard potential dams. In addition, performing a more
detailed cost estimate based on site specific information about dams in Alaska was beyond the scope of this annex.
In many cases, the owners of these dams lack the financial capability to address these deficiencies. On a national level, the
Small Watershed Rehabilitation Act was recently funded, but Alaska does not have any dams that qualify for financial
assistance under the bill. Some states have established low interest, revolving loans, grants or other creative alternatives to
provide financial resources for dam rehabilitations. Financial support for a broad range of dams in need of hazard mitigation
related rehabilitation is a current subject of discussion on a national level, and should be discussed on a state level in
Alaska as well.
7.1.1. Action: Identify potential funding sources that can be used for dam rehabilitation. 5 Years "
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4/20/2011 Goals, Objectives and Actions Workbook
ECONOMIC
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1. Support Web Information Services ?
2. Support Regional Strategies ?
3. Assess Workforce Training and Development ?
4. Promote Economies of Scale ?
OBJECTIVES and ACTIONS Status Time Line Lead
1.1. Objective:Web Information Services, such as RAPIS, EDRG, AEIS and Community Profiles, provide easy access to
economic development information to interested parties within the State and beyond. DCCED
Web Information Services, such as RAPIS, EDRG, AEIS and Community Profiles, provide easy access to economic
development information to interested parties within the State and beyond.
1.1.1. Action: On-Going
2.1. Objective: DCCED
Given the substantial differences between regions of the State, regionalizing the State‟s approach to economic development
is sensible. The State‟s overall economic development strategy can be comprised of regional plans adopted within the
larger framework of State development goals.
The State should ensure that regional plan templates stress identification of key „indicators‟, or plan elements, that will help
direct public investment while assuring that the unique values and opportunities of each region can be preserved. Common
elements among plans might include:
Identifying specific linkages between economic sectors, such as transportation infrastructure and manufacturing, or
telecommunications and e-marketing.
Identifying crucial public investment in regional facilities or facilities that support regional development.
Identifying key opportunities for business development and future employment (also tied to workforce training and university
curricula).
Identifying alternative sources of power production that are less expensive than diesel generation.
Undertaking a systematic approach to link workforce development with existing and emerging job opportunities.
Identifying opportunities for expansion of base sector economic activities (fisheries, health care, mining, tourism).
2.1.1. Action: ?
3.1. Objective:
A survey of workforce skills should be undertaken or updated by region to determine resident skills, for example, the
number and home community of journeymen and apprentices in the trades and crafts; certified electric and utility system
operators; trade school graduates; and so on. As a companion effort, a listing of the jobs typically available in the region in
Native non-profits, health corporations, school districts, regional governments and Community Development Quota
organizations should be assembled and matched with workforce training opportunities that may exist in the university or in
planned regional training centers. Curricula in planned regional training facilities should be closely developed with the
participation of regional organizations. Department of Labor
The flow of public construction funds into rural Alaska is likely to continue, and the effort to train and/or match local
residents for construction jobs is worthwhile and should continue. The next area of effort should examine preparation of the
workforce for the year-around employment in clerical, administrative, computer and professional jobs in the regional Native
non-profit, health and housing authorities.
3.1.1. Action: ?
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4.1. Objective: DOT&PF‟s Statewide Transportation Improvement Program (STIP) process could be used to identify
opportunities for inter-modal transportation development and road connections between communities.
4.1.1. Action:For example, the Lake and Peninsula Borough has advocated for
improvement of the Williamsport-Pile Bay road to be listed in the STIP. Improvement of this road, which connects
Lake Iliamna with Cook Inlet, will reduce time and lower costs of moving freight (including boats) from Anchorage to
the Lake Iliamna-Bristol Bay region. Likewise, where road connections can be made between communities,
opportunities will be created for shared facilities such as power generation and airports. These opportunities do not
exist uniformly due to environmental constraints, high construction costs, cost-benefit ratios and local preference.
Where such opportunities do exist, however, investment in transportation infrastructure can produce efficiencies and
economies of scale for other investments.
4.1.2. Action: Investigate improving one airport for larger airplane landings instead of spreading those dollars to
two or more airports, or installing a larger, more efficient generator to serve two or more communities instead of one,
could become possible as follow-ons to DOT&PF investment. ? DOT&PF
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EROSION
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1. Identification of erosion prone areas ?
2. Reduce damage ?
3. Investigate beach nourishment and dune restoration projects ?
4. Encourage the retention and planting of vegetation in riverine areas. ?
OBJECTIVES and ACTIONS Status Time Line Lead
1.1. Objective: Identify erosion prone areas and their rates of erosion. ?
1.1.1. Action:
2.1. Objective: Encourage the relocation of development out of high risk areas. Encouraging the relocate development
(from individual structures to whole communities) out of areas at high risk of erosion is the best way to mitigation erosion
hazards.
2.1.1. Action: ? ?
3.1. Objective: Research effective methods, if any that could accomplish protective measures.
3.1.1. Action: ? ?
4.1. Objective: ?
4.1.1. Action: ? ?
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GROUND FAILURE
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1. Mapping ?
2. Improve land use practices within the State ?
3. Reduce damage from ground failure ?
OBJECTIVES and ACTIONS Status Time Line Lead
1.1. Objective: Identify and map landslide prone areas. The identification of potential ground failure areas and
development of landslide susceptibility maps is vital. USCG
1.1.1. Action: On-Going
2.1. Objective: Encourage regulations that require excavation, grading, landscaping, and construction practices that do
not increase a slope‟s instability.Slope instability can be minimized by regulating excavation, grading, landscaping and
construction practices. DCCED
2.1.1. Action: On-Going
2.2. Objective: Encourage land use regulations including landslide overlay zones. Landslide problems are often caused by
land mismanagement. Improper land-use practices on ground of questionable stability can create and accelerate serious
landslide problems. Land-use zoning in partnership with professional inspections and proper design can alleviate many
problems associated with landslides. DCCED
2.2.1. Action: ??
3.1. Objective: Reinforce existing landslide prone structures. Existing structures can be retrofitted to help withstand a
landslide. For example, flexible utility connections will move with a structure undergoing soil creep whereas rigid
connections would break.
3.1.1. Action: ?
3.2. Objective: Acquire landslide prone property. Property acquisition is one of the best ways to prevent development in
hazardous areas keeping people and property out of harm‟s way. DHS&EM
3.2.1. Action: ?
3.3. Objective: Encourage permafrost sensitive construction when appropriate. Ground failure associated with permafrost
melting can be avoided if permafrost sensitive construction practices are followed in permafrost areas. For example,
building on piles to allow cold air to circulate beneath heated structures should prevent ground failure due to melting
permafrost. FIRE MARSHAL
3.3.1. Action: ?
3.4. Objective: Encourage the development of a landslide warning system. A landslide warning system could notify risk
areas, giving them an opportunity to take appropriate action. USGS
3.4.1. Action: ?
3.5. Objective: Encourage the creation and availability of landslide insurance. Currently, landslide insurance is hard to
obtain if not impossible except for mudflows, which are covered by NFIP. Few people are threatened by landslide hazard
making insurance cost prohibitive due to adverse selection. DCCED
3.5.1. Action: ?
3.6. Objective: Inventory landslides. Development of a landslide inventory would provide information about historical
events such as location and spatial extent. DGGS
3.6.1. Action: ?
3.7. Objective: Control and stabilize landslides. Controlling and stabilizing landslides can be costly as they usually involve
major engineering works. However, these activities may be necessary to avoid damage.
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3.7.1. Action: ?
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WEATHER
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1. Increase public education. ?
2. NOAA weather Radio/Communications ?
3. Monitoring ?
4. Building Construction ?
5. Expand the StormReady and TsunamiReady programs in Alaska by certifying at least two new "Ready"
communities per year. ?
OBJECTIVES and ACTIONS Status Time Line Lead
1.1. Objective: Conduct special statewide outreach/awareness activities, such as Lightning Safety Awareness Week,
Winter Weather Awareness Week, Flood Awareness Week, etc.
Many people do not realize how dangerous extreme weather can be. Educating people about Alaska‟s weather hazards and
ways to mitigate is vital. NWS
1.1.1. Action: On-Going
2.1. Objective: Expand public awareness about NOAA Weather Radio for continuous weather broadcasts and warning
tone alert capability. NWS
2.1.1. Action: On-Going
2.2. Objective: Add more stations to the NOAA Weather Radio (NWR) network in Alaska and promote the rebroadcast of
NWR using alternative technologies. NWS
2.2.1. Action: ?
2.3. Objective: Encourage local emergency officials to employ redundant methods of receiving weather warnings and
disseminating those warnings throughout the community.
2.3.1. Action: ?
3.1. Objective: Expand use of all-season storm spotter networks by recruiting and training volunteers statewide. NWS
3.1.1. Action: ?
3.2. Objective: Expand weather monitoring networks through partnerships with other agencies -- precipitation gauges,
anemometers, and other weather instruments.
3.2.1. Action: ? NWS
4.1. Objectives: Encourage weather resistant building construction materials and practices. Weather resistant construction
material and building practices can help structures withstand weather events with minimal damage. For example, roofs can
be braced and strapped to prevent damage during high winds, grounding buildings will reduce or eliminate lightning
damage, constructing sloped roofs instead of flat roofs will prevent or reduce snow damage, etc. FIRE MARSHAL
4.1.1. Action: On-Going
4.2. Objective: Encourage the use of snow fences where feasible. Heavy snow accumulation often forces road closures,
sometimes for months at a time. Reducing snow drifting and depth helps road crews keep the roads open later in the fall
and open it earlier in the spring (clear faster). DOT&PF
4.2.1. Action: On-Going
5.1. Objective: *********** *********** NWS
5.1.1. Action: ???
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TSUNAMI
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1. Mapping Medium
2. Public Education Low
3. Participating in the Tsunami Sign Program requires communities to complete a Tsunami Hazard Plan (or annex
to existing Emergency Operations or Comprehensive Plans), identify a Tsunami Evacuation Route and agree to
place tsunami awareness signs in their community. Low
4. Encourage communities to incorporate tsunami risk areas in land use planning and zoning. Low
Status Time Line Lead
OBJECTIVES and ACTIONS
1. Mapping
1.1.Objective: Expedite development of tsunami inundation maps for vulnerable coastal communities. Without inundation
maps, communities must rely on historical or estimated information for land use and evacuation route planning. Inundation
maps will provide more accurate information allowing for more accurate community decisions.
1.1.1. Action: Develop tsunami inundation map for the Homer/Seldovia area. ? DNR/DGGS
2.1. Objective: Encourage all coastal communities with a tsunami threat to participate in the DHS&EM Tsunami Sign
Program. Participating in the Tsunami Sign Program requires communities to complete a Tsunami Hazard Plan (or annex to
existing Emergency Operations or Comprehensive Plans), identify a Tsunami Evacuation Route and agree to place tsunami
awareness signs in their community.
2.1.1. Action: On-Going DHS&EM
3.1. Objective: Encourage all coastal communities with a tsunami threat to participate in the NWS/WC&ATWC
TsunamiReady Program.The TsunamiReady Program requires communities to complete extensive requirements for a
TsunamiReady Community Certification (see program description above) On-Going
3.1.1. Action: WC&ATWC
4.1. Objective: Encourage use of blocking structures such as walls, berms, etc. which would restrict wave activity and may
redirect water safely.While avoiding tsunami risk areas is preferable, it is not always possible as some areas have already
been developed and some facilities are dependent on being on the coastline. Using these structures could allow survival of
threatened facilities. Local governments
4.1.1. Action: On-Going
4.2. Objective: Encourage Federal flood insurance programs to cover tsunami damage. On-Going DHS&EM
4.2.1. Action:
4.3. Objective: Encourage development and adoption of coastal zone building codes as tsunamis and sea storms are not
considered in either the International or Uniform Building Codes. Using appropriate coastal zone building construction
methods can help resist tsunami damage. For example, using coastal zone specific engineered foundations can aid with
resisting erosion and scour. On-Going
4.3.1. Action: DHS&EM
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EARTHQUAKES
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1. Establish a Seismic Hazards Safety Commission as an autonomous entity reporting to the Governor. High
2. Develop incentives and programs to seismically update/retrofit structures and critical facilities. Medium
3. Building code improvements. Medium
4. Encourage school mitigation efforts. Medium
5. Improve earthquake detection Medium
6. Conduct state-wide earthquake drills. Low
7. Encourage the development of earthquake structural performance standards and
incorporate earthquake overlay zones in community zoning ordinances Low
8. Mapping Low
9. Establish a Board of Registration for geologists. Low
OBJECTIVES and ACTIONS Status Time Lines Lead
1.1. Objective: This commission will provide advisory support to the SERC. The commission will guide the development of
seismic hazard mitigation policies. The Chairperson or a representative of this commission will become an ex-officio
member.
1.1.1. Action: Immediate DNR
2.1. Objective:Create seismic retrofit legislation to provide minimum standards for structural seismic resistance to reduce
the risk of life loss or injury and damage to existing structures. Some agencies are working towards this. As an example,
DOT&PF is undertaking a seismic retrofit program for State owned bridges.
2.1.1. Action: 10 Years DHS&EM
3.1. Objective: Encourage all communities to adopt or update to the current IBC for single family, duplex, and tri-plex
residential construction, and provide sufficient resources and incentives to ensure compliance Establishing minimum
seismic standards for new construction will reduce structural damage in communities and make recovery efforts easier and
less costly. Fire Marshal‟s Office
3.1.1. Action: On-Going
3.2. Objective: Promote incorporation of new methods to improve building performance.
New materials and construction techniques might be more effective or feasible than what is currently available.
3.2.1. Action: 10 Years Fire Marshal‟s Office
3.3. Objective: Develop incentives and programs to incorporate mitigation into new construction. Incentives can include
property tax reductions, transferable development rights, density bonuses, or waiver of impact fees.
3.3.1. Action: 10 Years Legislature
4.1. Objective: This measure will increase help to protect children and retain a school‟s functionality as an emergency
shelter. It can take seven days or longer for outside assistance to arrive. The SB125 initiative requires all schools to have
all-hazard plan. Mitigation is a vital element of the planning process.
4.1.1. Action: Encourage non-structural mitigation and preparedness activities. On-Going DHS&EM
4.1.2. Action: Encourage activities at the household level because it can take up to seven days for assistance to
reach everyone. On-Going DHS&EM
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5.1. Objective: Place earthquake / seismic sensor instruments at critical highway transportation choke points. Develop
contingency plans to reestablish transportation after roads or bridges have been damaged. This includes identifying of
material sources, workforce, and equipment availability.
5.1.1. Action: 10 Years DOT&PF
6.1. Objective: Statewide earthquake drills will educate people on what to do when an earthquakes occur and reinforce
interagency and individual expectations. ************
6.1.1. Action: 5 Years DHS&EM
7.1. Objective:Encourage the development of siting requirements based on soil type, slope, and other considerations.
Before this can happen, information about where the various risks are located must be developed. On-Going ************
7.1.1. Action: State Fire Marshal
8.1. Objective: Promote development of large-scale earthquake-hazard maps of urban areas.
8.1.1. Action: Seismic hazard area maps need to be created or updated. Many areas lack
seismic hazard maps or have experienced significant growth making the existing maps obsolete. The maps should
depict site amplification, liquefaction susceptibility, and ground failure at a minimum scale of 1 inch = 1 mile. On-Going DNR
9.1. Objective: This board would track the registration of professionals performing geotechnical evaluations and
recommendations. The board will adopt standards of experience and education for geologists who prepare reports To
required by State or local laws for siting and designing facilities. determine ************
9.1.1. Action: DNR&DGGS
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VOLCANOES
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1. Research and publish information on volcanic hazards in Alaska High
2. Public Education Medium
3. Increase planning for volcanic hazards Medium
4. Improve monitoring. Medium
OBJECTIVES and ACTIONS Status Time Line Lead
1.1. Objective: Compile an integrated volcano hazard and risk assessment for the Cook Inlet and surrounding areas. USGS
1.1.1. Action:
1.2. Objective: Publish volcano hazard assessments for all of Alaska‟s active volcanoes.As of 2002, first generation hazard
assessments for nearly half of the 41 active volcanoes in Alaska are complete or in process. As resources allow, AVO will
continue to investigate, assess, and publicize the geologic history and hazards posed by the remaining active volcanoes. AVO
1.2.1. Action: On-Going
2.1. Objective: Conduct specific outreach to the Alaskan aviation community regarding the hazards posed by Alaskan and
Russian volcanoes.AVO staff already speak and meet frequently with cooperating agency employees, representatives, and
gatherings of Alaska‟s aviation community to share information regarding volcano hazards. AVO publishes a 2-page
section on volcano hazards in the Alaska Supplement, an FAA publication that is widely used by pilots using Alaska
airspace. AVO
2.1.1. Action: Revise the fact sheet on Volcano Hazards and Aviation Safety 2004 AVO
2.1.2. Action: Develop a fact sheet about mitigating the risk to aviation from Kamchatkan
volcanoes. 2004 AVO
2.2. Objective: Ensure all Alaskan communities at risk from volcanic eruptions are aware of the hazard and what can be
done to mitigate risk.Special emphasis is needed in remote communities on the Alaska Peninsula and in the Aleutian
Islands. Each community should include volcanic hazards in their EOP. AVO should work with DHS&EM to ensure
appropriate materials and information are available to support this effort. Some outreach is already conducted during AVO
field work in communities near volcanoes. AVO can contribute to outreach efforts by providing personnel for presentations
and materials for (traveling) exhibits and programs. AVO
2.2.1. Action: Distribute free USGS literature on volcano hazards. On-Going AVO
3.1. Objective: Revise the Alaska Interagency Plan for Volcanic Ash Episodes to include the U.S. Coast Guard and make
this plan available publicly online. AVO
By agreement, this plan is updated every other year. The 2001 plan is in the final stages of signature acquisition. Including
the USCG will foster improved cooperation and information sharing with a valuable partner in public safety. Widely
disseminating the plan will increase awareness of volcano hazards, mitigation planning, and advances in volcano risk
management. 2003
3.1.1. Action:
3.2. Objective: Ensure volcanic hazards are addressed in the on-going revision of the State EOP. AVO
3.2.1. Action: Incorporate results of AVO‟s volcano hazard assessment as they
become available. As Needed DHS&EM
3.2.2. Action: Revise State EOP Submitted to the Governor for promulgation summer 2004 2004 DHS&EM
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4.1. Objective: Expand real time seismic monitoring to high-priority western Aleutian volcanoes. ?
4.1.1. Action: Install monitoring equipment on *********** ? ***********
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SNOW AVALANCHES
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1. Reduce Damage from avalanches High
2. Improve avalanche warning. Medium
3. Promote avalanche education. Medium
4. Encourage artificial avalanche release and snow management. Medium
5. Improve avalanche hazard mapping. Medium
Medium
OBJECTIVES and ACTIONS Status Time Line Lead
1.1. Objective: Encourage the relocation of existing development from known avalanche areas. DPS
1.1.1. Action: On-Going
1.2. Objective: Encourage communities to develop avalanche overlay zones. DCCED
1.1.2. Action: On-Going
2.1. Objective: Provide avalanche warnings
2.1.1. Action: Re-establish the Alaska Avalanche Warning Center. 2years Gov's Office
3.1.1. Action: DPS
3.2. Objective: Encourage avalanche safety training for snowmachiners.Snowmachiners frequently trigger avalanches
with deadly consequences. Training programs to teach people how to identify high-risk conditions and what to do
if they are caught in an avalanche could save numerous lives annually. This could be done through a variety of
mechanisms including voluntary avalanche safety courses and encourage manufacturers and vendors to distribute
avalanche awareness videos with their products. DNR
3.2.1 Action: 5 years
3.3. Objective: Make people aware of when they are in an avalanche prone area.
3.3.1. Action: Establish a Community Avalanche Warning Sign program. 10 years DHS&EM
4.1. Objective: Promote the use of artificial release and avalanche control measures to include: pre-positioning avalanche
release equipment and deflection structures in existing developed avalanche prone areas. On-Going DPS
4.1.1. Action:
5.1. Objective:The State should work with FEMA and other agencies to prepare an avalanche/landslide inventory with
maps depicting avalanche hazard areas. This information will guide prioritization of communities for further study and land
management activities. Combine the above information with existing information into a database to be easily available to all FEMA, USCG
users. On-Going DNR/DGGS
5.1.1. Action:
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WILDFIRE
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1. Make buildings safer High
2. Encourage the creation of firebreaks. High
3. Conduct outreach activities to encourage the use of Firewise landscaping techniques. Medium
4. Encourage urban interface fire assessments. Medium
5. Encourage the evaluation of emergency plans with respect to wildland fire assessment. Medium
6. Information acquisition Low
OBJECTIVES and ACTIONS Status Time Line Lead
1.1. Objective: Promote FireWise building design, siting, and materials for construction. 2 years State Fire Marshall
1.1.1. Action: Develop workshop for builders. DNR/DOF
1.1.2. Action: Develop workshop for homeowners. Fire Mitigation grants are
accomplishing this task currently. On-Going Local Communities
1.2. Objective: Ensure compliance with fire regulation and requirements.
1.2.1. Action: Inspect buildings On-Going State Fire Marshall
1.2.2. Action: Train inspectors. On-Going State Fire Marshall
1.3. Objective: Encourage revision or development of building codes and requirements. On-Going State Fire Marshall
1.3.1. Action:
2.1. Objective: Develop water storage capability at resources challenged areas for highly developed corridors with less
than adequate access On-Going Local Communities
2.1.1. Action: Place storage barrels of water or retardant in strategically significant locations. On-Going Local Communities
3.1. Objective: Enhance public awareness of potential risk to life and personal property. Encourage mitigation measures in
the immediate vicinity of their property. On-Going FireWise Program
3.1.1. Action: Develop various educational tools to get the message out. On-Going
4.1. Objective: The State should encourage local jurisdictions susceptible to wildland fire to conduct an urban interface
wildland fire hazard assessment. 10 Years DNR-DOF
4.1.1. Action:
5.1. Objective: All boroughs and communities should develop or evaluate emergency plans to ensure consistency with the
wildland fire assessments. DHS&EM
5.1.1. Action: Encourage fuel management programs. On-Going
5.2. Objective: Identify, organize and monitor the various programs responsible for fuel management in the wildland
/urban interface. The programs should include: salvage logging operations, hazardous tree felling, creating a central
disposal site for contract tub grinding, chipping and open burning during approved burn periods, and providing chipper
access to homeowners. The program should also create and coordinate opportunities for removal, transportation and
marketing unwanted forest fuel. On-Going DNR
5.2.1. Action:
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6.1. Objective: Encourage real-time availability and use of satellite data to evaluate fire potential. On-Going DNR/DOF
6.1.1. Action:
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FLOODS
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1. Reduce flood damage. Medium
2 . Prevent future damage Medium
3. Increase NFIP Participation Medium
4. Increase CRS Participation Medium
5. Reduce flooding Medium
6. Reduce repetitive flood losses Medium
7. Improve forecasting and warning systems. Medium
8 . Better Mapping Medium
9. Pursue legislation that requires communities to pay the 25% non-Federal share of funding received as a result
of a Federally declared flood disaster unless the community has a floodplain ordinance in place. Medium
10. Minimize hazard risks associated with alluvial fans. Medium
11. Improved habitat preservation and stream enhancement. Medium
12. Encourage the adoption of Model State Legislation for Floodplain Management contained in the 1990 Flood
Mitigation Plan. Medium
13. Coordination Medium
14. Increase funding. Medium
OBJECTIVES and ACTIONS
Status Time Line Lead
1.1. Objective: Support elevation, flood proofing, buyout or relocation of structures repetitively or substantially damaged
that are covered by flood insurance policies. On-Going DCCED
1.1.1. Action:
1.2. Objective: Encourage the elevation, flood-proofing, buyout or relocation of structures repetitively or substantially
damaged that are in areas ineligible for NFIP. On-Going
This would primarily involve unorganized communities in the unorganized borough but may include other entities lacking the
ability to participate in NFIP. These communities need special consideration as alternative funding sources and strategies
are required. DCCED
1.2.1 Action:
1.3. Objective: Encourage relocation of flood-prone villages.
Relocation of flood-prone communities will prevent repetitive losses and substantial damages. According to 44 CFR
206.434, participation in relocation projects requires:
Removal or demolition of residences from vacated flood-prone areas prevent re-occupation.
Ensuring vacated areas are prohibited from habitation in perpetuity.
No construction of permanent structures, only temporary structures open on all sides (e.g. picnic shelters, kiosks etc.),
public restrooms and other approved facilities. This measure protects lives and prevents future, repetitive property flood
loss.
On-Going
1.3.1. Action: Prepare a community erosion assessment and prioritize communities
and infrastructure at risk. DCCED
1.4. Objective: Reduce development in floodplains. On-Going DCCED
1.4.1. Action: Purchase flood-prone property and convert to open space. On-Going
2.1. Objective: Increase use of land use planning. Communities should utilize available land use planning tools, including
comprehensive land use plans, zoning, subdivision regulations, and storm water management regulations. On-Going DCCED
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2.1.1. Action:
3.1. Objective : Encourage NFIP participation by all Boroughs and communities.Support DCCED‟s efforts to increase NFIP
participation. Help them improve floodplain ordinance enforcement capability within the communities by providing education
and training. This is essential because many smaller, flood-prone communities are unable to enforce floodplain ordinances
for several reasons including lack of resources and training. On-Going DCCED
3.1.1. Action:
3.2. Objective : Have more homeowners purchase flood insurance. DCCED
3.2.1. Action : Publicize availability of flood insurance in NFIP communities. DCCED
4.1. Objective : Encourage communities and boroughs that participate in the NFIP to apply for the CRS portion of the NFIP
to reduce flood insurance rates. On-Going DCCED
4.1.1. Action : CRS applications in Nome and Bethel 1-2 years DCCED
4.1.2. Action : CRS Applications in 2 additional cities or boroughs. 2-4 years DCCED
4.2. Objective: Encourage FEMA to create special considerations for Alaska building conditions and engineer certification
to the CRS program. On-Going
4.2.1. Action: Explain to FEMA why this is necessary. On-Going DCCED
5.1. Objective: Reduce flooding caused by undersized culverts. On-Going
5.1.1. Action: Develop a program to replace undersize culverts at important road crossings. On-Going DOT&PF
5.2. Objective: Sand Ice Jams.
5.2.1. Action: Investigate the feasibility of re-instituting a program of sanding
riverine ice to reduce the formation of ice jams. 2 years DHS&EM
6.1. Objective: Require flood damage prevention ordinances as a condition of State/Federal disaster assistance following a
flood.
6.1.1. Action: Draft legislation On-Going DCCED
7.1. Objective: Increase data available. On-Going
7.1.1. Action: Install stream and precipitation gauges. On-Going NWS
7.1.2. Action: Encourage installation of NOAA weather radio receivers On-Going NOAA
8.1. Objective: Improve and expand the mapping of flood-prone areas. On-Going
8.1.1. Action: Continue mapping and documenting flood information around the State. On-Going DCCED
8.2. Objective: Update existing flood maps
8.2.1. Action: Update flood hazard maps for the Juneau area and produce FEMA
Flood Insurance rate maps (FIRM) in digital and GIS. 1-3 years CB of Juneau
8.3. Objective: Update and digitize all NFIP participating Community FIRM maps.
8.3.1. Action: Digitize Anchorage FIRM‟s. 1-2 years FEMA,DCCED
8.3.2. Action: Digitize Aniak FIRM. 1 year FEMA,DCCED
9.1. Objective:
4.1.1. Action: Draft legislation. 1 year DCCED
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10.1. Objective: Identify alluvial fans On-Going
10.1.1 Action: DOT&PF
10.2. Objective: Maintaining debris corridors On-Going DOT&PF
10.2.1 Action:
11.1 Objective: Habitat protection corridors. On-Going
11.1.1. Action: Coastal Management plans and local enforcement policies On-Going DCCED
12.1 Objective:
12.1.1 Action: Gov's Office
13.1. Objective: Develop an interagency agreement on bank stabilization and debris clearance among resource and
permitting agencies. On-Going DHS&EM
13.1.1. Action:
13.1.2. Action: Draft Emergency Floodplain permit for debris removal and bank stabilization On-Going DCCED
13.2. Objective: Encourage mitigation at the watershed level.Mitigation activities need to be coordinated throughout a
river‟s watershed to ensure that actions taken in one area do not worsen the flooding in other areas. Other issues that
should be addressed at this level include groundwater recharge, transport of nutrients, wetland habitat, etc. On-Going DNR
13.2.1. Action:
14.1. Objective: More funding for structural or channel modifying mitigation projects.
14.1.1. Action: Research the feasibility of establishing a State fund for structural
or channel modifying mitigation projects. On-Going ADF&G
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ALL HAZARDS
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1. Disseminate mitigation information to increase public education and awareness. High
2. Increase agency/organization cooperation and coordination. High
3. Encourage all Alaskan local communities and tribal governments to have a Hazard Mitigation Plan High
4. Improve mapping. High
5. Keep State Hazard Mitigation Plan up to date and covering all hazards. Medium
6. Improve hazard mitigation technical assistance for local governments. Medium
7. Integration of hazard mitigation into daily activities at the local level. Medium
8. Reduce damage to publicly funded facilities Medium
9. Reduce repetitive loss Medium
10. Better communications. Medium
11. Increase funding for hazard mitigation. Low
12. Have all laws support hazard mitigation. Low
OBJECTIVES and ACTIONS
Status Time Line Lead
1.1. Objective: Promote mitigation through the use of computer and information technology.
1.1.1. Action: Publish outreach information on the DHS&EM mitigation web page. On-Going DHS&EM
1.1.2. Action: Research opportunities for other web sites to link to the State Hazard Mitigation Plan. 1 Year DHS&EM
1.2. Objective: Deliver mitigation to the users.
1.2.1. Action: Attend State Fairs and other special events to disseminate disaster mitigation information. On-Going DHS&EM
1.2.2. Action: Visit schools, businesses and organizations to present mitigation planning and techniques to improve On-Going DHS&EM
1.2.3. Action: Provide literature for communities to distribute. On-Going DHS&EM
Mitigation Measure: Educational; Preventative
2.1. Objective: Coordination of State- mitigation policy.
2.1.1. Action: Establish a quarterly teleconference schedule. On-Going DHS&EM
Lead: DHS&EM
2.2. Objective: Have agencies/organizations at different levels of government involved in mitigation planning.
2.2.1. Action: Establish a contact list of SMEs. 6 Months SHMAC
3.1. Objective: Develop and disseminate guidance for local and tribal hazard mitigation plans.
Needed to fulfill DMA 2000, Sec 322, Mitigation Planning requirements after FEMA implementation guidance is published.
3.1.1. Action: Develop Guidance for local and tribal mitigation plans. 6 Months DHS&EM
3.2. Objective: Meet DMA 2000 goal of having local and tribal mitigation plans written by November 2004.
3.2.1. Action: Hire 2 staff members to help communities develop plans. Completed Completed 3 Months DHS&EM
3.2.2. Action: Create Local / tribal Hazard Mitigation Plan Templates for Impoverished, small and large communities. Completed 6 Months DHS&EM
3.3. Objective: Encourage communities to undertake or update hazard analysis and vulnerability assessments including
Hazard and vulnerability assessments should be conducted and kept current to reflect changing conditions. They may be
contained within an EOP or as a stand-alone document. Updates should occur biennially or after any significant community
change. These assessments will help with the survival of critical facilities and lifelines essential in any community. They will
allow both State agencies and community leaders access to information to identify areas to focus their mitigation efforts.
3.3.1. Action: On-Going DHS&EM
3.4. Objective: Encourage communities to establish a hazard mitigation team/committees.
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Agencies and organizations within a community should collectively address hazard mitigation issues to ensure they are not
pursuing different or conflicting goals. Additionally, FEMA requires that community residents are involved in the process.
3.4.1. Action: Create a list of potential committee members ? DHS&EM
4.1. Objective: Prepare Statewide and area specific hazard maps.
Statewide maps of individual hazards are useful for conveying the general distribution of a hazard, but are inadequate for
land-use and emergency management decisions. Detailed hazard maps at scales useful for planning and decision making
(normally 1:63,360 or larger scale) should be prepared in Geographical Information System (GIS) format for all urban and
developing areas. Where possible, the maps should convey quantitative information about each hazard that is useful for
design and planning.
4.1.1. Action: Statewide hazard maps for summation of hazards to load into VRISKMap and run HVA for additional data
sets. On-Going DNR
4.1.2. Action: Update and Digitize State‟s Flood Hazard Maps. On-Going DCCED
4.1.3. Action: Erosion Assessment On-Going DCCED
4.2. Objective: Update existing topographic and orthophoto map coverage of the entire State, to include generating high
resolution digital elevation models (DEMs).
Accurate maps are critical for hazard identification, risk assessment (e.g. improved slope mapping for avalanche
susceptibility or inundation mapping) monitoring, and accurate portrayal of hazard information for emergency management
and educational uses. Priorities should include populated areas, including coastlines exposed to tsunami and storm action,
active volcanoes, and areas prone to specific hazards. DEMs are used by geophysicists to detect deformation at active
volcanoes, however the poor quality of existing digital topographic information hampers analysis. Pre-disaster maps and
photographs are also essential for post-disaster assessment and emergency response.
4.2.1. Action: All maps need to be produced in like kind stat formats with meta data attached for useful life between
agencies. On-Going USGC
4.2.2. Action: Continue to acquire data sets that would be useful for decision makers after HVA‟s are completed. On-Going DHS&EM
4.3. Objective: Have compatible GIS hazard data
All GIS hazard-map data released for distribution should be prepared and documented according to Federal Geographic
Data Committee (FGDC) standards for geospatial data and metadata, and should be compatible with GIS software in use by
State agencies.
4.3.1. Action: Publicize existing standard. On-Going DNR
4.3.2. Action:Convert DCCED‟s Community Profile Base Maps from AutoCad to GIS. 10 Years DCCED
5.1. Objective: Updated the plan annually and following any Presidential Disaster Declaration.
5.1.1. Action: Hold quarterly teleconferences to discuss plan revisions. On-Going DHS&EM
5.1.2. Action: Submit revised draft to Governor for approval. See Note DHS&EM
5.2. Objective: Develop additional detailed hazard vulnerability analysis (HVA) sub-sections. Continue developing hazard
information and hazard vulnerability analysis that affect Alaska to enhance the State All-Hazard Mitigation Plan.
5.2.1. Action: Collect On-Going DHS&EM
5.2.2. Action: Develop the Technological sub-section On-Going DHS&EM
5.2.3. Action: Develop the Terrorism sub-section On-Going DHS&EM
5.2.4. Action: Develop sub-section not already identified in the goals under NFPA and EMAP Standards On-Going DHS&EM
5.3. Objective: Monitor State Hazard Mitigation Plan implementation.
Ensure that the measures and policies outlined in this plan are implemented correctly by conducting an annual review based
on the annual progress report from each lead agency. The progress report form will be found in Appendix 18. The
progress reports will be submitted by November 1 to allow enough time for the plan to be updated. This date was chosen to
avoid conflicting with Federal and state fiscal year -end activities.
5.3.1. Action: Complete Annual Report On-Going DHS&EM
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6.1. Objective: Encourage local efforts by providing hazard mitigation training, current hazard information, and facilitating
communication with other agencies.
6.1.1. Action: Develop workshops for State and local officials. On-Going DHS&EM
Develop workshops to educate State and local officials about what mitigation tools are available and how they can be
incorporated into daily operations.
6.1.2. Action: Develop workshops for critical facility managers. On-Going FEMA
Develop workshops to educate critical facility managers about available mitigation tools and how they can be incorporated
into facility operations.
6.2. Objective: Encourage additional training and assistance from FEMA on HMGP process to include Benefit Cost
Analysis.
Next Pres.
6.2.1. Action: Coordinate during next Presidentially declared disaster a Mitigation Team, similar to the Public Assistance Declared
Teams, for local community support in completing the HMGP requirements. Alaska Test. Disaster DHS&EM
6.2.2. Action: Coordinate additional training on Benefit Cost Analysis module for Alaska specific events and projects. 1 Year DHS&EM
7.1. Objective: Encourage communities to incorporate hazard mitigation in local land use plans, zoning ordinances, capitol
improvement programs, community plans, floodplain management plans, etc.
Addressing hazard mitigation throughout various community planning will encourage or assure development away from
hazardous areas.
7.1.1 Action: ?
8.1. Objective: Minimize hazard exposure.
8.1.1. Action: Adopt a State policy requiring all State facilities, or facilities being constructed with public funds, to be
located, designed, built, and operated to minimize risk from hazards, and insured to reduce future costs to the public. 10 Years Gov's Office
8.2. Objective: Retrofit existing State funded structures.
8.2.1. Action: During routine maintenance projects, mitigation measures should be employed to harden structures against
damage. On-Going Each Department
9.1. Objective: Encourage the development of disaster recovery plans that incorporate hazard mitigation.
A community has many rebuilding options during the recovery process. With coordinated plans in place during recovery, a
community can easily implement changes to their community‟s land use and building construction practices. Without a
coordinated plan, mitigation opportunities and more beneficial community design options may be overlooked. Preplanning
can help avoid poor spur-of-the-moment decisions that may have long-lasting negative ramifications.
9.1.1. Action: Publish a sample disaster recovery plan on the DHS&EM website. 3 Years DHS&EM
10.1 Objective: Ensure sustainability and compatibility of communication systems.
Communication systems often fail when they are needed the most; during a disaster or emergency. The physical
infrastructure could fail, the system could become overloaded, or the equipment could be incompatible with other systems
operating in the area. Coordinated communication plans and compatible equipment improve communication continuity.
10.1.1. Action: Implement the Alaska Land Mobile Radio (ALMR) Project 5 Years ALMR Council
The goal of the ALMR project is to build a land mobile radio communications system that will provide each participating
agency autonomous day-to-day communications and the ability to transition to a full featured interoperable system when
needed. Sharing of a common radio infrastructure will eliminate duplications of capital investment projects, thus reducing
the total communications cost for each participating agency.
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10.2.Objective: Encourage the implementation of redundant community alert warning systems.
10.2.1. Action: Install NOAA Weather Radio transmitters. On-Going NWS
11.1. Objective: Establish a fund to promote local governments‟ hazard mitigation efforts.
Many communities lack the financial resources to develop and implement a comprehensive mitigation program. It is in the
State‟s long-term interest to promote these activities.
11.1.1. Action: Establish a fund to promote local governments‟ hazard mitigation efforts. 5 Years DCCED
11.1.2. Action: Establish a special fund to be used by State agencies for hazard mitigation projects. 10 Years DCCED
Lead: Legislature
11.2. Objective: Obtain more Federal dollars for hazard mitigation projects.
11.2.1. Action: Collect completed HMGP projects applications On-Going DHS&EM
11.2.2. Action: Apply for Federal grants. On-Going All Departments
12.1. Objective: Revise existing real estate disclosure laws to assure adequate notice to future property owners
about potential hazard risks.
The existing Residential Real Property Transfer Disclosure Statement only asks the seller to declare if the property is
located within an avalanche area or floodplain or has had damage from natural causes including earthquakes and
landslides. The disclosure statement should be expanded to ask if the property is in any known hazard areas.
12.1.1. Action: Revise the Residential Real Property Transfer Disclosure Statement. 5 Years Gov's Office
12.2. Objective: Review existing Alaska Statutes. 3 Years Gov's Office
Examine existing Alaska Statutes to strengthen mitigation options. Modifying statutes and regulations can streamline the
permitting process and make it easier to implement worthwhile mitigation measures. Ensure statutes complement each
other with respect to mitigation strategies.
12.2.1. Action:
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Color Code
This color has been used in several applications. The first is under the Priorities of the Goals. As established by the current plan, this color indicates the Goal received a "High"
Priority. The other application is found under "Time Lines". If there is an objective or action we have indicated would have completion in 0-5 years it was coded this color. and
indicates we need to address it with this review. We may choose to just extend the date and give justification to our actions or we may have completed the action and need to
address it from that angle or we may choose to change our actions or objective, or it may no longer be an objective or action and needs to be removed.
This color was used in 3 applications; One is it is used to title the "Goals" for each hazard as found in our 2004 version of the plan. 2nd it titles the section that shows what the
objectives and actions are for each identified hazard. 3rd it was used to identify the "Lead" (identifying the agency responsible for action on the objective) and where we "DHS&EM"
are the lead the color was used to highlight that, suggesting we need to revisit our Lead role.
This color has been used to identify the Time Line section. ( dates we set in 2004 to accomplish objectives or actions). Under this section other colors were used to bring attention
to action needed. If there is something highlighted in red that means this review and green means not due but we may want to readdress it.
Indicates "medium" priority as established by the 2004 plan.
Indicates section breaks between each Goals, objectives and actions.
Indicates we need to address if we are taking any action or if something has changed. It is indicated by the
"Review Draft" of the Review and Update that we would need to address each Goal, Objective and Action.
We have not been consistent with the formatting of the Goals, Objectives and Actions of each Hazard section. Some objectives were omitted or not identified or actions omitted and not identified.
The argument being that we may have chosen to not have an action. It would be my option that the review will require us to revisit those objectives and actions and determine if they are still
objectives or action items. Some of the Goals did not receive a Priority rating. In the Plan currently on page 26 we have described a "Goal Development" and formatted how we would proceed. I
believe we would need to hold to the formatting for each hazard and insure we have the same format or revisit the formatting on page 26.
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