Get documents about "Breathalyzer - School District 67 - Okanagan Skaha
Document Sample
The Breathalyser Reaction
C2H2OH + Cr2O72- → CH3COOH + Cr3+
Ethanol Orange Acetic Acid Green
If the orange colour decreases there is alcohol present. It is measured
with a spectrophotometer. The more it decreases, the higher the blood
alcohol content.
Legal Limit Class 5 Licence 0.08 mg/mL
Legal Limit New Driver 0.00 mg/mL
Substance Oxidized
Substance Reduced
Reducing Agent
Oxidizing Agent
The Breathalyser Reaction
Look at the oxidation numbers!
-0.5 +6 0 +3
C2H2OH + Cr2O72- → CH3COOH + Cr3+
Ethanol Orange Acetic Acid Green
If the orange colour decreases there is alcohol present. It is measured
with a spectrophotometer. The more it decreases, the higher the blood
alcohol content.
Legal Limit Class 5 Licence 0.08 mg/mL
Legal Limit New Driver 0.00 mg/mL
Substance Oxidized
Substance Reduced
Reducing Agent
Oxidizing Agent
The Breathalyser Reaction
Look at the oxidation numbers!
-0.5 +6 0 +3
C2H2OH + Cr2O72- → CH3COOH + Cr3+
Ethanol Orange Acetic Acid Green
If the orange colour decreases there is alcohol present. It is measured
with a spectrophotometer. The more it decreases, the higher the blood
alcohol content.
Legal Limit Class 5 Licence 0.08 mg/mL
Legal Limit New Driver 0.00 mg/mL
Substance Oxidized C2H2OH
Substance Reduced
Reducing Agent
Oxidizing Agent
The Breathalyser Reaction
Look at the oxidation numbers!
-0.5 +6 0 +3
C2H2OH + Cr2O72- → CH3COOH + Cr3+
Ethanol Orange Acetic Acid Green
If the orange colour decreases there is alcohol present. It is measured
with a spectrophotometer. The more it decreases, the higher the blood
alcohol content.
Legal Limit Class 5 Licence 0.08 mg/mL
Legal Limit New Driver 0.00 mg/mL
Substance Oxidized C2H2OH
Substance Reduced
Reducing Agent C2H2OH
Oxidizing Agent
The Breathalyser Reaction
Look at the oxidation numbers!
-0.5 +6 0 +3
C2H2OH + Cr2O72- → CH3COOH + Cr3+
Ethanol Orange Acetic Acid Green
If the orange colour decreases there is alcohol present. It is measured
with a spectrophotometer. The more it decreases, the higher the blood
alcohol content.
Legal Limit Class 5 Licence 0.08 mg/mL
Legal Limit New Driver 0.00 mg/mL
Substance Oxidized C2H2OH
Substance Reduced Cr2O72-
Reducing Agent C2H2OH
Oxidizing Agent
The Breathalyser Reaction
Look at the oxidation numbers!
-0.5 +6 0 +3
C2H2OH + Cr2O72- → CH3COOH + Cr3+
Ethanol Orange Acetic Acid Green
If the orange colour decreases there is alcohol present. It is measured
with a spectrophotometer. The more it decreases, the higher the blood
alcohol content.
Legal Limit Class 5 Licence 0.08 mg/mL
Legal Limit New Driver 0.00 mg/mL
Substance Oxidized C2H2OH
Substance Reduced Cr2O72-
Reducing Agent C2H2OH
Oxidizing Agent Cr2O72-
Balance in acid solution
C2H2OH + Cr2O72- → CH3COOH + Cr3+
Balance in acid solution
C2H2OH + Cr2O72- → CH3COOH + Cr3+
Cr2O72- → Cr3+
C2H2OH → CH3COOH
Balance in acid solution
C2H2OH + Cr2O72- → CH3COOH + Cr3+
Cr2O72- → 2Cr3+
C2H2OH → CH3COOH
Balance in acid solution
C2H2OH + Cr2O72- → CH3COOH + Cr3+
Cr2O72- → 2Cr3+ + 7H2O
C2H2OH + H2 O → CH3COOH
Balance in acid solution
C2H2OH + Cr2O72- → CH3COOH + Cr3+
14H+ + Cr2O72- + → 2Cr3+ + 7H2O
C2H2OH + H2 O → CH3COOH + H+
Balance in acid solution
C2H2OH + Cr2O72- → CH3COOH + Cr3+
14H+ + Cr2O72- + 6e- → 2Cr3+ + 7H2O
C2H2OH + H2 O → CH3COOH + H+ + 1e-
Balance in acid solution
C2H2OH + Cr2O72- → CH3COOH + Cr3+
14H+ + Cr2O72- + 6e- → 2Cr3+ + 7H2O
6(C2H2OH + H2 O → CH3COOH+ H+ + 1e-)
Balance in acid solution
C2H2OH + Cr2O72- → CH3COOH + Cr3+
14H+ + Cr2O72- + 6e- → 2Cr3+ + 7H2O
6(C2H2OH + H2 O → CH3COOH+ H+ + 1e-)
14H+ + Cr2O72- + 6C2H2OH + 6H2O → 2Cr3++7H2O+6CH3COOH+6H+
Balance in acid solution
C2H2OH + Cr2O72- → CH3COOH + Cr3+
14H+ + Cr2O72- + 6e- → 2Cr3+ + 7H2O
6(C2H2OH + H2 O → CH3COOH+ H+ + 1e-)
8 1
14H+ + Cr2O72- + 6C2H2OH + 6H2O → 2Cr3++7H2O+6CH3COOH+6H+
Balance in acid solution
C2H2OH + Cr2O72- → CH3COOH + Cr3+
14H+ + Cr2O72- + 6e- → 2Cr3+ + 7H2O
6(C2H2OH + H2 O → CH3COOH+ H+ + 1e-)
8H+ + Cr2O72- + 6C2H2OH → 2Cr3+ + 1H2O + 6CH3COOH
Balance in acid solution
C2H2OH + Cr2O72- → CH3COOH + Cr3+
14H+ + Cr2O72- + 6e- → 2Cr3+ + 7H2O
6(C2H2OH + H2 O → CH3COOH+ H+ + 1e-)
8H+ + Cr2O72- + 6C2H2OH → 2Cr3+ + 1H2O + 6CH3COOH
+6 +6
Balance in base solution
8H+ + Cr2O72- + 6C2H2OH → 2Cr3+ + 1H2O + 6CH3COOH
Balance in base solution
8H+ + Cr2O72- + 6C2H2OH → 2Cr3+ + 1H2O + 6CH3COOH
8OH- 8OH-
Balance in base solution
8H+ + Cr2O72- + 6C2H2OH → 2Cr3+ + 1H2O + 6CH3COOH
8OH- 8H2O 8OH-
Balance in base solution
8H+ + Cr2O72- + 6C2H2OH → 2Cr3+ + 1H2O + 6CH3COOH
8OH- 8H2O 8OH-
Balance in base solution
Cr2O72- + 6C2H2OH → 2Cr3 + 1H2O + 6CH3COOH + 8OH-
7
8H2O
Balance in base solution
7H2O + Cr2O72- + 6C2H2OH → 2Cr3+ + 6CH3COOH + 8OH-
Review of Cells
Electrochemical Electrolytic
Is a power supply Requires power supply
Spontaneous (+ ve) Nonspontaneous(-ve)
Makes electricity Makes chemicals
Reduction is highest on Chart Reduction is the –ve
For all cells:
Cations migrate to the cathode, which is the site of reduction.
Anions migrate to the anode, which is the site of oxidation.
Electrons travel through the wire from anode to cathode.
Complete the Chart
Electrochemical Cell: Zn, Zn(NO3)2 II Cu, CuSO4
Anode: Reaction:
Cathode: Reaction:
E0 =
Complete the Chart
Electrochemical Cell: Zn, Zn(NO3)2 II Cu, CuSO4
Anode: Zn Reaction:
Cathode: Cu Reaction:
E0 =
Higher on reduction Chart
Complete the Chart
Electrochemical Cell: Zn, Zn(NO3)2 II Cu, CuSO4
Anode: Zn Reaction: Zn → Zn2+ + 2e- 0.76 v
Cathode: Cu Reaction:
E0 =
Higher on reduction Chart
Complete the Chart
Electrochemical Cell: Zn, Zn(NO3)2 II Cu, CuSO4
Anode: Zn Reaction: Zn(s) → Zn2+ + 2e- 0.76 v
Cathode: Cu Reaction: Cu2+ + 2e- → Cu(s) 0.34 v
E0 =
Higher on reduction Chart
Complete the Chart
Electrochemical Cell: Zn, Zn(NO3)2 II Cu, CuSO4
Anode: Zn Reaction: Zn → Zn2+ + 2e- 0.76 v
Cathode: Cu Reaction: Cu2+ + 2e- → Cu(s) 0.34 v
E0 = 1.10 v
Higher on reduction Chart
Electrolytic Cell: Molten AlCl3
Anode: Reaction:
Cathode: Reaction:
Electrolytic Cell: Molten AlCl3 Al3+ Cl-
Anode: C Reaction:
Cathode: C Reaction:
Electrolytic Cell: Molten AlCl3 Al3+ Cl-
Anode: C Reaction:
Cathode: C Reaction:
Put the vowels together:
Anode
Anion
Oxidation
Oxidation of Anion
Electrolytic Cell: Molten AlCl3 Al3+ Cl-
Anode: C Reaction: 2Cl- → Cl2 + 2e- -1.36 v
Cathode: C Reaction:
Put the vowels together:
Anode
Anion
Oxidation
Electrolytic Cell: Molten AlCl3
Anode: C Reaction: 2Cl- → Cl2 + 2e- -1.36 v
Cathode: C Reaction:
Put the consonants together:
Cathode
Cation
Reduction
Electrolytic Cell: Molten AlCl3
Anode: C Reaction: 2Cl- → Cl2 + 2e- -1.36 v
Cathode: C Reaction: Al3+ + 3e- → Al -1.66 v
Put the consonants together:
Reduction of Cation
Cathode
Cation
Reduction
Electrolytic Cell: Molten AlCl3
Anode: C Reaction: 2Cl- → Cl2 + 2e- -1.36 v
Cathode: C Reaction: Al3+ + 3e- → Al -1.66 v
E0 = -3.02 v
Electrolytic Cell: Molten AlCl3
Anode: C Reaction: 2Cl- → Cl2 + 2e- -1.36 v
Cathode: C Reaction: Al3+ + 3e- → Al -1.66 v
E0 = -3.02 v
MTV = +3.02 v
Electrolytic Cell: KBr(aq)
Anode:
Cathode:
Electrolytic Cell: KBr(aq) K+ Br- H2 O
Anode: C
Cathode: C
Electrolytic Cell: KBr(aq) K+ Br- H2 O
Anode: C
Cathode: C
Put the vowels together:
Anode
Anion or water
Oxidation
Electrolytic Cell: KBr(aq)
Oxidation of Anion or Water
Take Lower one!
Anode: C 2Br- → Br2 + 2e- -1.09 v
Cathode: C
Electrolytic Cell: KBr(aq)
Oxidation of Anion or Water
Take Lower one!
Anode: C 2Br- → Br2 + 2e- -1.09 v
Cathode: C
Put the consonants together:
Cathode
Cation or water
Reduction
Electrolytic Cell: KBr(aq)
Oxidation of Anion or Water
Take Lower one!
Anode: C 2Br- → Br2 + 2e- -1.09 v
Cathode: C 2H2O + 2e- → H2 + 2OH- -0.41 v
Reduction of Cation or Water
Take Higher one!
Put the consonants together:
Cathode
Cation or water
Reduction
Electrolytic Cell: KBr(aq)
Oxidation of Anion or Water
Take Lower one!
Anode: C 2Br- → Br2 + 2e- -1.09 v
Cathode: C 2H2O + 2e- → H2 + 2OH- -0.41 v
E0 = -1.50 v
Reduction of Cation or Water
Take Higher one!
Electrolytic Cell: KBr(aq)
Oxidation of Anion or Water
Take Lower one!
Anode: C 2Br- → Br2 + 2e- -1.09 v
Cathode: C 2H2O + 2e- → H2 + 2OH- -0.41 v
E0 = -1.50 v
Reduction of Cation or Water
Take Higher one!
MTV = +1.50 v
Electrochemical Cell: Ag, AgNO3 II Sn, Sn(NO3)2
Cathode:
Anode:
Electrochemical Cell: Ag, AgNO3 II Sn, Sn(NO3)2
*higher
Cathode: Ag
Anode:
Electrochemical Cell: Ag, AgNO3 II Sn, Sn(NO3)2
*higher
Cathode: Ag Ag+ + e- → Ag(s) +0.80 v
Anode:
Electrochemical Cell: Ag, AgNO3 II Sn, Sn(NO3)2
*higher
Cathode: Ag Ag+ + e- → Ag(s) +0.80 v
Anode: Sn
Electrochemical Cell: Ag, AgNO3 II Sn, Sn(NO3)2
*higher
Cathode: Ag Ag+ + e- → Ag(s) +0.80 v
Anode: Sn Sn → Sn2+ + 2e- +0.14 v
Electrochemical Cell: Ag, AgNO3 II Sn, Sn(NO3)2
*higher
Cathode: Ag 2(Ag+ + e- → Ag(s)) +0.80 v
Anode: Sn Sn → Sn2+ + 2e- +0.14 v
2Ag+ + Sn → Sn2+ + 2Ag(s) E0 = 0.94 v
