The 2011 Import and Export
Market for Mineral Fuels,
Lubricants, and Related
Materials in Bahrain
By
Professor Philip M. Parker, Ph. D.
Chaired Professor of Management Science
INSEAD (Singapore & Fontainebleau, France)
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About the Author
Dr. Philip M. Parker is the Eli Lilly Chaired Professor of Innovation, Business and Society at
INSEAD where he has taught courses on multivariate statistics and global competitive strategy
since 1988. He has also taught courses at MIT, Stanford University, Harvard University, UCLA,
UCSD, and the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology. He is the author of six books
on the economic convergence of nations. These books introduce the notion of “physioeconomics”
which foresees a lack of global convergence in economic behaviors due to physiological and
physiographic forces. His latest book is "Physioeconomics: The Basis for Long-Run Economic
Growth" (MIT Press 2000). He has also published numerous articles in academic journals,
including The Rand Journal of Economics, Marketing Science, the Journal of International
Business Studies, Technological Forecasting and Social Change, International Journal of
Forecasting, the European Management Journal, the European Journal of Operational
Research, Journal of Marketing, International Journal of Research in Marketing, and Journal of
Marketing Research. He is also on the editorial boards of several academic journals.
Dr. Parker received his Ph.D. in Business Economics from the Wharton School of the University
of Pennsylvania and has Masters degrees in Finance and Banking (University of Aix-Marseille)
and Managerial Economics (Wharton). His undergraduate degrees are in mathematics, biology
and economics (minor in aeronautical engineering). He has consulted and/or taught courses in
Africa, the Middle East, Asia, Latin America, North America and Europe.
About this Series
This series was created for international firms who rely on foreign export markets for a
substantial portion of their business or who might be threatened by foreign trade competition.
The estimates given in this report were created using a methodology developed by and under the
direct supervision of Professor Philip M. Parker, the Eli Lilly Chaired Professor of Innovation,
Business and Society, at INSEAD. The methodology, relying on historical figures of economic
growth and trade flows, estimates the market shares of some 150 countries for over 500 industrial
or product categories. The figures should be seen as market estimates, as opposed to historical
records, as these are projected for the current year of trade.
Acknowledgements
Some of the methodologies and research approaches used in this report have benefited from the
R&D Committee at INSEAD, whose research support is gratefully acknowledged. Additional
editorial assistance from Tiffany LaRochelle, ICON Group International, Inc., is also
acknowledged.
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Contents v
Table of Contents
1 INTRODUCTION AND METHODOLOGY 7
2 BAHRAIN AND THE WORLD MARKET 9
2.1 Imports in Bahrain in 2011 9
2.2 Exports from Bahrain in 2011 10
3 IMPORTS IN BAHRAIN 11
3.1 Asia 11
3.1.1 China 11
3.1.2 Indonesia 12
3.1.3 Thailand 13
3.2 Latin America 14
3.2.1 Brazil 14
3.3 the Middle East 15
3.3.1 Oman 15
3.3.2 Qatar 16
4 EXPORTS FROM BAHRAIN 17
4.1 Africa 17
4.1.1 Benin 17
4.1.2 Mauritius 18
4.1.3 Morocco 19
4.1.4 South Africa 20
4.1.5 Sudan 21
4.1.6 Tanzania 22
4.1.7 Togo 23
4.1.8 Uganda 24
4.1.9 Zambia 25
4.2 Asia 26
4.2.1 Hong Kong 26
4.2.2 India 27
4.2.3 Indonesia 28
4.2.4 Japan 29
4.2.5 Maldives 30
4.2.6 Singapore 31
4.2.7 South Korea 32
4.2.8 Taiwan 33
4.2.9 Thailand 34
4.3 Europe 35
4.3.1 Norway 35
4.4 Latin America 36
4.4.1 Argentina 36
4.5 Oceana 37
4.5.1 Australia 37
4.6 the Middle East 38
4.6.1 Iran 38
4.6.2 Oman 39
4.6.3 Pakistan 40
4.6.4 Qatar 41
4.6.5 Saudi Arabia 42
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5 DISCLAIMERS, WARRANTEES, AND USER AGREEMENT PROVISIONS 43
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Mineral Fuels, Lubricants, and Related Materials in Bahrain 7
1 INTRODUCTION AND METHODOLOGY
On the demand side, exporters and strategic planners focusing on mineral fuels, lubricants, and
related materials in Bahrain face a number of questions. Which countries are supplying mineral
fuels, lubricants, and related materials to Bahrain? How important is Bahrain compared to others
in terms of the entire global and regional market? How much do the imports of mineral fuels,
lubricants, and related materials vary from one country of origin to another in Bahrain? On the
supply side, Bahrain also exports mineral fuels, lubricants, and related materials. Which
countries receive the most exports from Bahrain? How are these exports concentrated across
buyers? What is the value of these exports and which countries are the largest buyers?
This report was created for strategic planners, international marketing executives and
import/export managers who are concerned with the market for mineral fuels, lubricants, and
related materials in Bahrain. With the globalization of this market, managers can no longer be
contented with a local view. Nor can managers be contented with out-of-date statistics which
appear several years after the fact. I have developed a methodology, based on macroeconomic
and trade models, to estimate the market for mineral fuels, lubricants, and related materials for
those countries serving Bahrain via exports, or supplying from Bahrain via imports. It does so for
the current year based on a variety of key historical indicators and econometric models.
In what follows, Chapter 2 begins by summarizing where Bahrain fits into the world market for
imported and exported mineral fuels, lubricants, and related materials. The total level of imports
and exports on a worldwide basis, and those for Bahrain in particular, is estimated using a model
which aggregates across over 150 key country markets and projects these to the current year.
From there, each country represents a percent of the world market. This market is served from a
number of competitive countries of origin. Based on both demand- and supply-side dynamics,
market shares by country of origin are then calculated across each country market destination.
These shares lead to a volume of import and export values for each country and are aggregated to
regional and world totals. In doing so, we are able to obtain maximum likelihood estimates of
both the value of each market and the share that Bahrain is likely to receive this year. From these
figures, rankings are calculated to allow managers to prioritize Bahrain compared to other major
country markets. In this way, all the figures provided in this report are forecasts that can be
combined with internal information sources for strategic planning purposes.
After the worldwide summary in Chapter 2 of both imports and exports of mineral fuels,
lubricants, and related materials, Chapter 3 goes into detail on imports, but for each major
country of origin serving Bahrain. A “major” market is defined as a country where Bahrain
represents a substantially large share of either imports or exports. For each major country
exporting to Bahrain, one can thus observe how important Bahrain is to that exporting country
compared to other countries of the world. Chapter 4 does the same, but for exports of mineral
fuels, lubricants, and related materials originating from Bahrain, for each major country of
destination. In doing so, one can discover the share that Bahrain has in each major market; this
share value is often used as a measure of competitiveness for Bahrain. In all cases, the total
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Mineral Fuels, Lubricants, and Related Materials in Bahrain 8
dollar volume and percentage share values by major trading partner are provided. Combined,
Chapters 3 and 4 present a the total picture for imports and exports of mineral fuels, lubricants,
and related materials to and from Bahrain to and from all other major countries in the world.
"Mineral Fuels, Lubricants, and Related Materials" as a category is defined in this report
following the definition given by the United Nations Statistics Division Classification Registry
using the Standard International Trade Classification, Revision 3 (SITC, Rev. 3). The SITC code
that defined "mineral fuels, lubricants, and related materials" is 3 . For more information on
this definition, please refer to the following web site:
http://unstats.un.org/unsd/cr/registry/regcs.asp?Cl=14&Lg=1&Co=3 .
This report is updated on an annual basis. To ensure that you have the most current version,
please check the web site of ICON Group at www.icongrouponline.com.
Important Caveat. The figures should be seen as market estimates, as opposed to historical
records, as these are forecasted for the current year of trade. More importantly, in light of the fact
that unforeseeable factors might interrupt markets in achieving their reported levels, the figures
should be seen as estimates of potential. For example, "mad cow" disease, foot-and-mouth
disease, trade embargoes, military conflicts, acts of terrorism and other events will certainly
affect the actual trade flows recorded for a variety of industry or product categories. In such
cases, the difference between the numbers given in this report and the numbers actually observed
might be interpreted as the "net loss" or "net gain" due to these exogenous events affecting
regular trade flows that would have occurred had these events not have taken place.
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Mineral Fuels, Lubricants, and Related Materials in Bahrain 9
2 BAHRAIN AND THE WORLD MARKET
2.1 IMPORTS IN BAHRAIN IN 2011
Imported Mineral Fuels, Lubricants, and Related Materials in Bahrain, 2011
(Structure of Foreign Import Competition)
Country of Origin Rank Value (000 US$) % Share Cumulative %
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
China 1 72,136 36.67 36.67
Australia 2 62,703 31.88 68.55
Brazil 3 14,943 7.60 76.14
the United Arab Emirates 4 12,767 6.49 82.63
Belgium 5 10,515 5.35 87.98
the United States 6 6,078 3.09 91.07
Indonesia 7 5,211 2.65 93.72
Kuwait 8 3,796 1.93 95.65
Saudi Arabia 9 2,187 1.11 96.76
Italy 10 2,021 1.03 97.79
Germany 11 1,111 0.56 98.35
France 12 823 0.42 98.77
Oman 13 672 0.34 99.11
the United Kingdom 14 312 0.16 99.27
the Netherlands 15 256 0.13 99.40
Singapore 16 164 0.08 99.48
Qatar 17 161 0.08 99.57
Russia 18 155 0.08 99.65
India 19 155 0.08 99.72
Sweden 20 146 0.07 99.80
Japan 21 137 0.07 99.87
Spain 22 101 0.05 99.92
Thailand 23 79 0.04 99.96
Greece 24 54 0.03 99.99
South Africa 25 16 0.01 99.99
South Korea 26 5 0.00 100.00
Malaysia 27 5 0.00 100.00
Total 196,709 100.00 100.00
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Source: Philip M. PARKER, Professor, INSEAD, copyright 2011, www.icongrouponline.com
www.icongrouponline.com ©2011 ICON Group Ltd.
Mineral Fuels, Lubricants, and Related Materials in Bahrain 10
2.2 EXPORTS FROM BAHRAIN IN 2011
Mineral Fuels, Lubricants, and Related Materials Exports from Bahrain, 2011
Country of Destination Rank Value (000 US$) % Share Cumulative %
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Japan 1 417,956 14.52 14.52
South Korea 2 397,620 13.81 28.33
Mauritius 3 297,675 10.34 38.66
the United Kingdom 4 206,155 7.16 45.82
Oman 5 197,001 6.84 52.67
Indonesia 6 141,052 4.90 57.56
Singapore 7 136,430 4.74 62.30
Taiwan 8 129,607 4.50 66.80
Tanzania 9 127,695 4.43 71.24
Spain 10 102,926 3.57 74.81
South Africa 11 82,667 2.87 77.68
India 12 76,370 2.65 80.34
France 13 75,794 2.63 82.97
Hong Kong 14 68,201 2.37 85.34
the Netherlands 15 51,897 1.80 87.14
Thailand 16 50,680 1.76 88.90
Belgium 17 44,259 1.54 90.44
Italy 18 42,769 1.49 91.92
Uganda 19 36,745 1.28 93.20
Iran 20 31,911 1.11 94.31
the United States 21 31,720 1.10 95.41
Maldives 22 24,387 0.85 96.26
Morocco 23 24,192 0.84 97.10
Benin 24 16,261 0.56 97.66
China 25 15,632 0.54 98.20
Qatar 26 14,457 0.50 98.71
Pakistan 27 11,412 0.40 99.10
Argentina 28 8,036 0.28 99.38
Sudan 29 7,904 0.27 99.66
Australia 30 5,498 0.19 99.85
Other 31 4,421 0.15 100.00
Total 2,879,330 100.00 100.00
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Source: Philip M. PARKER, Professor, INSEAD, copyright 2011, www.icongrouponline.com
www.icongrouponline.com ©2011 ICON Group Ltd.
Mineral Fuels, Lubricants, and Related Materials in Bahrain 11
3 IMPORTS IN BAHRAIN
3.1 ASIA
3.1.1 China