Wright Flyer Competition

							   Wright Flyer Competition



Commemorating 100 years of
     powered flight
                   Introduction
 The model to be made : a 1/8 scale model of the
  1903 ‘Kitty Hawk’ Flyer.
 Presentation will cover the following topics
    – Design details and deviations from original design.
    – Power Plant Specifications
    – Control System Implementation
    – Cost Estimate and future work
                Design Details
Overall Specifications
 Component details
Flight velocity estimates
Engine selection
      Overall Specifications
Wing Span               1.5 m
Wing Chord              0.29m
Wing loading            45 Nm-2
Aspect Ratio            5.2
Wing planform area      0.44 m2
Take-off weight         2 kgs
Maximum forward speed   17.0 ms-1
Wing
Wing (contd.)
     Flight velocity estimates
 Only wing contribution to lift assumed.
 From dynamic similarity considerations
  with actual flyer and 1/8 model : 15.57 m/s
 From vortex-lattice method for 3-D lifting
  surfaces (Cl=0.62) :11.75 m/s
 Stall speed (W/S = 45 Nm-2,cLmax = 0.9)
  Vstall= 9.0 ms-1
Wing Warping mechanism
Canard
     Propeller Mounting
``
Rudder
Base Plate
         Take off and landing

•   Tricycle type under carriage.

•   Ramp assisted take off
 Power Plant selection




Engine selection and calculations
           Engine selection
   cD = 0.2 (NASA’s wind tunnel data)

 Power requirement for level flight
 PR= qSVcD = 0.135 BHP
 Choice of engine based on propeller
  diameter scaling.
          Engine Selection
                                            1
                    PR                    4
D  24500                         
             RPM  velocity  24.8 
                 2


  RPM = 4000
  Based on the above correlation and a
   forward speed of 16 ms-1 PR = 1.7BHP.
  Engine Model O.S. MAX-65LA
O.S. MAX-65LA
    Engine to Propeller coupling
 Two props coupled to shaft via belt drive.
 Pulleys on prop shafts to provide reduction.
Deviations from exact scaling
 Minor dimensions of structural members
  not scaled
 Control strategy changed to suit servo
  actuation
 A ‘base’ plate placed on lower wing to
  mount engine and actuators
 Tricycle wheel base
 No. of ribs in wing reduced from 37 to 21
          Control System
 Futaba Skysport 4VF airplane radio system
 Four actuator servos for control surfaces
 Centrally mounted on base plate
 Control surface coupling via piano wire
        Cost Estimate
Balsa +                Rs. 5000
miscellaneous
Engine                 Rs. 10000
Fuel tank              Rs. 250
Silicone tubing        Rs. 100
Radio system           Rs. 25000
Propellers             Rs. 300
Total estimated cost   Rs. 40650
               Future Plans
•   Mock up of thermocol
•   Wing construction
•   Canard, rudder and base-plate construction
    as also struts and frame
•   Assembling fuel tank, r/c receiver, servos
    and engine on the base plate
               Future Plans
•   Attaching control servos to control surfaces
•   Integrating wing, canard and rudder with
    the frame
•   Integrating base plate with frame
•   Testing for flight and change incorporation
    What we need to know…
 How do we reduce the cost?
 Electric motor instead of IC engine
 What sequence should we follow in
  building the model?
 Can we test individual components
  separately before incorporating in the final
  model?
    What we need to know…
 How do we carry out flight testing without
  on board power?
 Landing mechanism?
 Design for knock down