IPS Skeleton Outline 1. Trade Secret a. Eligible Subject Matter i. Commercially viable ii. It must be a secret b. Holder must take reasonable c. Secret must have been acquired wrongfully (2) i. Improper means 1. Illegal Act 2. Legal Acts ii. Disclosure or Use of TS that involves: 1. Improper means 2. Breach of Confidentiality a. Explicitly or Implicitly 3. Acquire by mistake or accident d. DEFENSES i. Reverse Engineering ii. Independent Research iii. Observation in public display iv. Obtaining through journal v. Material reliance prior to knowledge of secret (only for mistake) e. Departing Employees (3) i. Confidentiality Agreements ii. Invention Assignments iii. Noncompetition Agreements iv. Non-solicitation Agreements f. Remedies (4) i. Injunction 1. Head Start, Positive, Negative ii. Damages 1. Compensatory and Punitive 2. Attorney’s Fees iii. Criminal Sanctions PATENT (4) a. Protectable Subject Matter i. Limitations (5) ii. Off Limits of Patent 1. Laws of Nature 2. Products of Nature 3. Abstract Ideas 4. Business methods 5. printed matter doctrine b. Utility (6) i. 3 Requirements 1. General Utility 2. Specific Utility 3. Moral Utility c. Novelty* (6) i. Novelty Bar (§102a) ii. Statutory Bar (§102b) 1. Publication 2. Public Use (7) a. Experimental Use Exception iii. Priority Rules and the First to Invent d. Non-obvious* (8) i. 4 STEP process e. Enablement* (9) i. § 112 Requirements 1. Enablement 2. Written Description 3. Best Mode
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4. Claim Definiteness ii. Basic of Patent Application (3 parts) f. Infringement (3 Parts) (10) i. Claim Construction ii. Literal Infringement iii. Doctrine of Equivalents (11) 1. 3 Tests a. Function-way-result b. Insubstantial Differences c. Reasonable Interchangeability 2. Limitations a. Prior Art b. Prosecution History Estoppel iv. Reverse Doctrine of Equivalents (12) v. Contributory Negligence 1. Active Inducement vi. DEFENSES 1. Invalid Patent 2. Implied License/ First Sale/ Repair and Reconstruction 3. Experimental Use 4. Inequitable Conduct 5. Patent Misuse 6. Laches a. Infringement Laches b. Prosecution Patents g. REMEDIES (13) i. Injuction 1. Temporary; Preliminary; Permanent ii. Monetary Damages COPYRIGHT (14) a. Copyrightable Subject Matter* i. Original Works of Authorship 1. Independent Creation 2. De Minimus Creativity a. Merger ii. Fixed in a Tangible Medium of Expression (15) 1. Tangible Medium 2. By the authority of the CR owner 3. Must be sufficiently stable or permanent b. Formalities i. Notice 1. 1909 and 1976 Acts ii. Publication iii. Registration c. Domain and Scope of CR Protection (16) i. Literary Works ii. Pictorial, Graphic and Sculptural Works iii. Works of Architecture iv. Secondary Works 1. Derivative Works a. Limitations 2. Compilations (17) a. Limitations d. Ownership and Duration (17) i. Initial Ownership 1. Works for Hire 2. Joint Authorship ii. Duration and Renewal (18) 1. 1909, 1976, Sonny Bono Act 2. Division and Transfer of CR e. Rights Given to CR Owners (18-19) i. Rights of Reproduction
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Sue for Copying Must Show a. He owned the CR in the complaint b. There was an infringement i. There was actual copying 1. Direct 2. Indirect a. D had access b. Probative similarity ii. There was misappropriation 2. Limitations ii. Right to Prepare Derivatives iii. Right to publicly distribute (20) 1. First sale doctrine 2. Importation Right iv. Right to Perform Work Publicly 1. Perform 2. Display 3. Limitations on Performance and display a. Public Interest Exceptions b. Compulsory License v. Moral Rights (21) f. Defenses (21) i. Fair Use 1. Factors a. Purpose and Use i. Commercial or non-commercial ii. How transformative b. Nature of CR work i. Published or unpublished ii. Fictional or non-fictional c. Amount of portion used in relation to the whole d. Market effect ii. Independent Creation (22) iii. Consent License iv. CR misuse v. Inequitable Conduct vi. 1st Amendment vii. SOL g. Indirect Liability (22) i. Vicarious Liability ii. Contributory infringement iii. Active inducement h. Digital CR Legislation (23) i. Remedies (24) Trademark (25) a. Eligible Subject Matter i. Trademark ii. Service Mark iii. Certification Mark iv. Collective Mark v. Trade Dress (packaging and design) b. Requirements for Protection (26) i. Mark is Distinctive 1. Inherently distinctive 2. Marks capable of acquired distinction 3. Not distinctive ii. Used in commerce (27) c. Ownership (27) i. Priority disputes ii. Geographic limitations d. Registering Trademark (28)
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