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United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service North Central Research Station Resource Bulletin NC-207 Pulpwood Production in the North-Central Region, 1998 Ronald J. Piva North Central Research Station Forest Service—U.S. Department of Agriculture 1992 Folwell Avenue St. Paul, Minnesota 55108 2002 www.ncrs.fs.fed.us CONTENTS Page Lake States ............................................................................................................. 3 Production ............................................................................................................. 3 Receipts ............................................................................................................... 14 Industry Trends and Analysis................................................................................ 15 Central States ........................................................................................................ 21 Production ............................................................................................................ 21 Receipts ............................................................................................................... 22 Industry Trends and Analysis................................................................................ 22 Plains States .......................................................................................................... 25 Production and Receipts ...................................................................................... 25 Appendix ................................................................................................................ 27 Table Titles ............................................................................................................. 28 Tables ..................................................................................................................... 29 Pulpwood Production in the North-Central Region, 1998 Ronald J. Piva NOTE: Data from new pulpwood production surveys are often compared with data from earlier surveys to determine trends in forest resources utilization. However, for the comparisons to be valid, the procedures used in the two surveys must be similar. In addition, when new surveys are completed, errors and omissions from previous surveys are corrected. As a result of our ongoing efforts to improve the survey’s efficiency and reliability, changes may have been made to the previous survey’s data. All comparisons and analysis in this report are based on the reprocessed data from earlier surveys. Because changes may make it inappropriate to directly compare the current data with earlier published data, comparison between surveys should be general and used solely for analyzing trends. This report includes all primary products made from reconstituted wood fiber. In addition to wood pulp, this includes particleboard and engineered lumber products made from chips, shavings, wafers, flakes, strands, and sawdust. This report presents the production by county of the raw fiber material delivered to mills. Thus, these data report only that portion of the timber harvest used as raw material and do not necessarily reflect the volume of growing stock harvested. About the Author: Ronald J. Piva, Forester, received a B.S. degree in forest management from the University of MissouriColumbia. He joined the Forest Service in 1987 and has been working with the North Central Station's Forest Inventory and Analysis unit since. Pulpwood constitutes more than half the industrial timber products harvested annually in the Lake States (Michigan, Minnesota, and Wisconsin) and is an important product in the Central States (Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, and Missouri) and the Plains States (Kansas, Nebraska, North Dakota, and South Dakota). Current detailed information about pulpwood production1 is necessary for intelligent planning and decisionmaking in wood procurement, forest resource management, forest industry development, and scientific studies. Since 1979, we have included logs, bolts, and wood residue used in manufacturing flakeboard, waferboard, oriented strandboard, and medium density fiberboard in this annual report. Engineered lumber was included in this report in 1992. Together, these products are called particleboard, and all mills manufacturing these boards are called particleboard mills in this report. Wood used at particleboard mills is identical or nearly identical to wood used at pulp mills; therefore, including this wood in our study provides a more accurate estimate of demand for pulpwood-like material. Particleboard mills were in their infancy before 1979 and used primarily aspen and wood residue. Therefore, data for these mills do not distort roundwood use trends for other species or preclude comparing 1998 survey results with those of 1978 and previous years. Pulp and particleboard mills using timber from the North Central States in 1998 reported their pulpwood receipts2 by species group and county Pulpwood production, determined from mill receipts, is the annual volume of pulpwood cut, plus the annual wood residue volume produced by sawmills, veneer mills, etc. used for pulp, particleboard, waferboard, oriented strandboard, medium density fiberboard, or engineered lumber. 1 Pulpwood receipts are the volumes of wood received by mills in a specific State or region, regardless of the geographic source. 2 of origin. This report presents the results of the survey, analyzes the data, compares results with those of 1997 and earlier years, and discusses trends in pulpwood production and use. The Lake States, Central States, and Plains States are discussed separately because the timber types in each area are different, the flow of wood between the areas is nominal, and more detailed data on pulpwood production and receipts in the Central and Plains States might reveal the operations of individual mills. This is the 40th annual report of the pulpwood harvest in Lake States counties, the 37th annual report of the Central States harvest, and the 6th report of the pulpwood harvest in the Plains States. Several mills purchase their pulpwood based on weight rather than volume. Factors used to convert green tons of pulpwood to standard cord equivalents are shown in the appendix. 2 LAKE STATES PRODUCTION • Pulpwood production as a whole decreased less than one-half percent from 1997 to 1998, to 9.2 million cords3. Of each cord produced, 89 percent came from roundwood (including chips from roundwood) and 11 percent came from the residue4 of wood-using plants (fig. 1). • Hardwoods constituted 71 percent of the total pulpwood production. • Principal species of roundwood harvested in 1998 were aspen (3.9 million cords), soft maple (639 thousand cords), hard maple (598 thousand cords), jack pine (558 thousand cords), and white birch (437 thousand cords) (table 1). • Aspen remained the dominant species of pulpwood roundwood harvested—47 percent of the total. • Softwood roundwood production decreased by 187 thousand cords, or almost 10 percent, from 1997 to 1998. Pulpwood production from softwood residues rose by 199 thousand cords, an increase of over 100 percent from the previous year (fig. 2). Other softwoods 1% Sprucefir 6% Residues 11% Pine 11% Other hardwoods 9% Aspen 42% Figure 1.—Lake States pulpwood production by species group and residues, 1998. Birch 6% Maple 14% All references to cords are in standard cords. A standard cord is 128 cubic feet of wood, bark, and air space. 3 Residue is the byproduct from sawmills, veneer mills, cooperage mills, and other wood-using mills that is used for pulping and particleboard. Residue includes slabs, edgings, veneer cores, sawdust, fines, woodflour, and chips manufactured from slabs, edgings, and veneer cores. 4 3 1997 800 1998 700 600 pulpwood production in the Lake States, 19971998. Thousand cords Figure 2.—Softwood 500 400 300 200 100 0 Jack pine Red pine Balsam fir Spruce Hemlock Species White pine Tamarack Northern white-cedar Softwood residues • Hardwood roundwood production decreased by 5 percent, from 6,778 thousand cords in 1997 to 6,464 thousand cords in 1998. Pulpwood production from hardwood residue rose by 8 percent during the same period (fig. 3). • Whole-tree chip5 (WTC) production made up 7 percent of the total pulpwood production or 679 thousand cords in the Lake States in 1998, a 7-percent decrease from the previous year. Compared to 1997 production levels, hardwood WTC production in 1998 decreased by 6 percent and softwood WTC production decreased by 11 percent (fig. 4). • Michigan was the major producer of WTC in the Lake States in 1998 with 456 thousand cords (67 percent of the WTC production) (fig. 5). • Aspen was the predominant species used in WTC in 1998 with 251 thousand cords or 37 percent of the total WTC production. • Jack pine was the predominant softwood species used in WTC in 1998, making up 87 percent of the softwood WTC production and 12 percent of the total WTC production. Michigan • Michigan pulpwood production rose by 10 thousand cords to 3.1 million cords in 1998, an increase of less than one-half percent over 1997 (fig. 6 and table 2). • In 1998, hardwoods accounted for 78 percent of Michigan’s pulpwood production. • Roundwood production for pulpwood decreased by 5 percent from 1997 to 1998, to 2.7 million cords (fig. 7 and table 3). • The Western Upper Peninsula was the topproducing region in the State in 1998 with 42 percent of the roundwood harvested (table 4). Pulpwood produced from chipping entire trees (all portions of the trees above ground, except the stumps). 5 4 1997 4,500 1998 4,000 3,500 3,000 Thousand cords Figure 3.—Hardwood 2,500 pulpwood production in the Lake States, 19971998. 2,000 1,500 1,000 500 0 Aspen Hard maple Soft maple White birch Balsam poplar Red oak Basswood Ash Other hardwoods Hardwood residues Species Aspen 350 Maple Other hardwoods Softwoods 300 250 Thousand cords 200 Figure 4.—Whole-tree chip production in the Lake States, 1994-1998. 150 100 50 0 1994 1995 1996 Year 1997 1998 5 Michigan 160 Minnesota Wisconsin 140 120 Figure 5.—Whole-tree 100 Thousand cords chip production by State in the Lake States, 1998. 80 60 40 20 0 Aspen Maple Species Other hardwoods Softwoods 1994 1,200 1995 1996 1997 1998 1,000 800 Figure 6.—Michigan pulpwood production by species group and residues, 1994-1998. Thousand cords 600 400 200 0 Aspen Maple Other hardwoods Species Pine Other softwoods Residues 6 E. Upper Peninsula 450 W. Upper Peninsula N. Lower Peninsula S. Lower Peninsula 400 350 300 Figure 7.—Michigan Thousand cords 250 roundwood pulpwood production by Forest Survey Unit and species groups, 1998. 200 150 100 50 0 Aspen Maple Other hardwoods Species Pine Other softwoods • Marquette County in the Western Upper Peninsula was the top producer of roundwood in the State with 243 thousand cords (table 5). • From 1997 to 1998, roundwood pulpwood production increased by nearly 35 percent in the Southern Lower Peninsula, decreased by 5 percent in the Western Upper Peninsula, decreased by 7 percent in the Eastern Upper Peninsula, and decreased by 8 percent in the Northern Lower Peninsula. • The production of pulpwood from residues increased by 68 percent from 1997 to 1998, rising from 247 thousand cords in 1997 to 414 thousand cords in 1998. Minnesota • Pulpwood production decreased by less than 5 thousand cords from 1997 to 3.0 million cords in 1998 (fig. 8). • Hardwoods accounted for over 80 percent of the total pulpwood produced in 1998. • Ninety-four percent of the pulpwood produced came from roundwood. • The Northern Pine and the Aspen-Birch Units were the top pulpwood-producing roundwood regions in the State in 1998 with 1.4 million cords and 1.1 million cords, respectively (fig. 9). • St. Louis County, in the Aspen-Birch Unit, remained the top roundwood-producing county with 555 thousand cords, followed by Itasca County, in the Northern Pine Unit, with 382 thousand cords (table 6). • Aspen pulpwood production fell by 38 thousand cords between 1997 and 1998. Aspen accounted for 74 percent of all the roundwood harvested for pulpwood. • From 1997 to 1998, pulpwood production from softwood residues increased by 147 percent and hardwood residue use increased by 23 percent. Overall, the use of mill residues for pulpwood production increased by 68 percent. 7 Aspen 2,500 Other hardwoods Spruce-fir Other softwoods Residues 2,000 Figure 8.—Minnesota Thousand cords 1,500 pulpwood production by species group and residues, 1994-1998. 1,000 500 0 1994 1995 1996 Year 1997 1998 Aspen 1,200 Other hardwoods Spruce-fir Other softwoods 1,000 800 Figure 9.—Minnesota roundwood pulpwood production by Forest Survey Unit and species group, 1998. Thousand cords 600 400 200 0 Aspen-Birch Northern Pine Central Hardwood Prairie Forest Survey Unit 8 Wisconsin • Pulpwood production in Wisconsin decreased by 1 percent from 1997 to 1998, to 3.2 million cords (fig. 10). • Hardwoods accounted for over 70 percent of the total pulpwood production in 1998. • Roundwood harvested for pulpwood accounted for 87 percent of the pulpwood produced in 1998. • The Northwestern Forest Survey Unit remained the top producer of roundwood for pulping in the State with 1.1 million cords (fig. 11). • Sawyer County replaced Douglas County as the top pulpwood-producing county in the State with 173 thousand cords (table 7). • Between 1997 and 1998, aspen harvests decreased by 5 thousand cords to 975 thousand cords. • In 1998, the use of softwood residues for pulpwood increased by 13 percent from the previous year, while the use of hardwood residues remained relatively constant. Harvesting Intensity • In the following figures, the distribution of the harvest is shown in two ways: first, the amount of pulpwood cut relative to the growing-stock volume in each of five major pulpwood species (fig. 12), and second, the amount of pulpwood relative to commercial timberland area (fig. 13). 1994 1,400 1995 1996 1997 1998 1,200 1,000 Thousand cords 800 600 Figure 10.—Wisconsin pulpwood production 400 by species group and residues, 1994-1998. 200 0 Aspen Maple Other hardwoods Species Pine Other softwoods Residues 9 Aspen 500 Maple Other hardwoods Pine Other softwoods 450 400 Figure 11.—Wisconsin roundwood pulpwood production by Forest Survey Unit and species group, 1998. Thousand cords 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 Northeastern Northwestern Central Forest Survey Unit Southwestern Southeastern Figure 12.—Cords of roundwood pulpwood (including chips from roundwood) harvested per 1,000 cords of growingstock volume for each of five principal pulpwood species by Forest Survey Unit, 1997. Growing-stock volume was determined during the last forest inventory for each State. NORTHERN PINE 7 ASPENBIRCH 13 WESTERN U.P. 37 NORTHWEST 47 NORTHEAST 58 NORTHERN L.P. 27 EASTERN U.P. 24 CENTRAL HARDWOOD 38 PRAIRIE 63 CENTRAL 71 SOUTH - SOUTHWEST EAST >100 65 Minnesota Wisconsin SOUTHERN L.P. 8 JACK PINE Michigan 10 NORTHERN PINE 2 ASPENBIRCH 2 WESTERN U.P. 13 NORTHWEST 13 NORTHEAST 15 NORTHERN L.P. 1 EASTERN U.P. 14 CENTRAL HARDWOOD 22 PRAIRIE 0 CENTRAL 51 SOUTH - SOUTHWEST EAST 24 56 Minnesota Wisconsin SOUTHERN L.P. 0 RED PINE Michigan NORTHERN PINE 12 ASPENBIRCH 11 WESTERN U.P. 6 NORTHWEST 7 NORTHEAST 8 NORTHERN L.P. 1 EASTERN U.P. 6 CENTRAL HARDWOOD 21 PRAIRIE 5 CENTRAL 16 SOUTH - SOUTHWEST EAST 40 68 Minnesota Wisconsin SOUTHERN L.P. 0 SPRUCE Michigan 11 NORTHERN PINE 19 ASPENBIRCH 13 WESTERN U.P. 8 NORTHWEST 12 NORTHEAST 15 NORTHERN L.P. 21 EASTERN U.P. 8 CENTRAL HARDWOOD 16 PRAIRIE 13 CENTRAL 4 SOUTH - SOUTHWEST EAST 4 7 Minnesota Wisconsin SOUTHERN L.P. 0 BALSAM FIR Michigan NORTHERN PINE 42 ASPENBIRCH 38 WESTERN U.P. 30 NORTHWEST 33 NORTHEAST 34 NORTHERN L.P. 17 EASTERN U.P. 25 CENTRAL HARDWOOD 38 PRAIRIE 44 CENTRAL 37 SOUTH - SOUTHWEST EAST 5 7 Minnesota Wisconsin SOUTHERN L.P. 9 ASPEN Michigan 12 LAKE STATES Roseau Kittson Marshall Koochiching St. Louis Cook Beltrami Pennington Lake Red Lake Clearwater Itasca Mahno men Cass Hubbard Becker Houghton Aitkin Keweenaw Lake of the Woods Polk Norman Clay Wadena Otter Tail Carlton Douglas Iron Iron Schoolcraft Mackinac Delta Dickinson Vilas Alger Gogebic Marquette Luce Crow Wing Bayfield Ontonagon Baraga Wilkin Todd Morrison Washburn Burnett Stevens Pope Stearns Sherburne Anoka Taylor Langlade Marinette St. Croix Dunn Chippewa Menominee Clark Marathon Oconto Shawano Door Benzie Kewaunee Ram. Pine Mille Lacs Ashland Sawyer Price Oneida Florence Forest Menominee Lincoln Barron Rusk Chippewa Benton Isanti Chisago Traverse Polk Big Stone Swift Meeker Wright Hennepin Carver Pierce Eau Claire Pepin Portage Waupaca Outagamie Brown Wood Jackson Waushara Monroe Adams La Crosse Vernon Sauk Columbia Richland Kanabec Grant Douglas Emme t Cheboygan Presque Isle Charlevoix Antrim MontAlpena morency Washington Chippewa Mcleod Renville Dakota Rice Wabasha Winnebago Goodhue Buffalo Kandiyohi Lac Qui Parle Yellow Medicine Scott Lincoln Lyon Sibley Redwood Nicollet Murray WasecaSteele Dodge Olmsted Winona Houston Juneau Dodge Marquette Green Lake Fond Du Lac Cottonwood Jackson Martin Faribault Freeborn Mower Fillmore Blue Watonwan Earth Brown Le Sueur Leelanau Grand Traverse Manistee Kalkaska Otsego CrawfordOscoda Alcona Trempealeau Wexford Miss aukee Ogemaw R o scommon Mason Lake Osceola Clare Gladwin Iosco Pipe stone Calu- Manitowoc met Arenac Huron Sheboygan Oceana New - Mecosta aygo Isabella Midland Bay Tuscola Ozaukee Muskegon Kent Sanilac Rock Nobles Minnesota Crawford Dane Iowa Grant Lafayette Green Washington Montcalm Gratiot Saginaw Lapeer Jefferson Waukesha Milwaukee Ottawa Ionia Clinton Genesee Shia wassee St. Clair 0 cords per 1,000 acres of timberland. 1-99 cords per 1,000 acres of timberland. Rock Walworth Racine Kenosha Oakland Macomb Allegan Barry Eaton Ingham Livingston Wisconsin Van Buren Kalamazoo Calhoun Jackson Washtenaw Wayne 100-199 cords per 1,000 acres of timberland. 200-299 cords per 1,000 acres of timberland. 300 cords or more per 1,000 acres of timberland. Pulp mill Particleboard, OSB, waferboard, or engineered lumber mill Cass Berrien St. Joseph Branch Hillsdale Lenawee Monroe Michigan Figure 13.—Cords of pulpwood cut per 1,000 acres of timberland by county, 1998. Acres of timberland (stocking of trees greater than 10 percent) were determined during the last inventory in each State. Locations of active pulp and particleboard mills are shown. 13 Pulpwood harvesting was most intensive (100,000 cords or more) in the following Forest Survey Units by species: Species Balsam fir Jack pine State Minnesota Michigan Wisconsin Wisconsin Minnesota Michigan Forest Survey Unit Aspen-Birch N. Lower Peninsula Central Central Aspen-Birch N. Lower Peninsula, W. Upper Peninsula, E. Upper Peninsula Northern Pine, Aspen-Birch, Central Hardwood Northwestern, Northeastern, Central Northwestern W. Upper Peninsula W. Upper Peninsula, N. Lower Peninsula Red pine Spruce Aspen Minnesota Wisconsin White birch Hard maple Soft maple Wisconsin Michigan Michigan RECEIPTS • In 1998, 35 woodpulp and 14 particleboard mills in the Lake States acquired 9.5 million cords of pulpwood, just 10 thousand cords higher than 1997 total receipts. • Aspen roundwood was processed at 40 of the 49 pulp and particleboard plants in the Lake States in 1998 (fig. 14 and table 8). • In 1998, Wisconsin supplied wood to 33 mills, Michigan supplied 31 mills, and Minnesota supplied 27 mills. 14 • Total imports of all wood material in 1998 were 334 thousand cords, an 18-percent increase from 1997. Canada contributed 65 percent of the total import receipts. • Total imports of roundwood increased by 26 percent, from 266 thousand cords in 1997 to 334 thousand cords in 1998. Softwood roundwood, mainly spruce and jack pine, made up more than 70 percent of the increased volume of roundwood imported into the Lake States. 1997 45 1998 40 Figure 14.—Numbers of industrial plants in the 35 Lake States using a particular species or residue for pulping and particleboard 19971998. 30 Number of mills 25 20 15 10 5 0 Spruce-fir Pine Other softwoods Aspen Birch Maple Balsam poplar Ash Oak Other hardwoods Softwood residues Hardwood residues Species group • Canada supplied 97 percent of the total roundwood volume imported. • Imports of residues increased by 5 percent in 1998. Residues from the Plains States and other Western States made up two-thirds of the total residues imported by mills in the Lake States. Michigan • The eight Michigan pulp mills, three OSB mills, and one particleboard mill consumed 3.0 million cords in 1998, down 2 percent from the previous year. Nine percent of the total consumption was imported from out of State, with Wisconsin supplying three-fourths of the imports. Minnesota • The 10 pulp mills, 5 OSB mills, and 1 laminated structural lumber mill in Minnesota reported consuming an estimated 2.8 million cords in 1998, an increase of almost 2 percent from 1997. Six percent of Minnesota’s consumption for pulpwood came from out-ofState sources. Canada furnished two-thirds of the imported wood material. Wisconsin • The 17 pulp mills, 2 OSB mills, and 2 particleboard mills in Wisconsin consumed 3.6 million cords in 1998, up 1 percent from 1997. Nineteen percent of the total receipts were imported from out of State. Imports from Michigan and Minnesota accounted for 40 percent and 37 percent of the total imports, respectively. 15 INDUSTRY TRENDS AND ANALYSIS Pulp Mills For this section pulp mill products include wood fiber products such as paper, paperboard, hardboard, insulation board, and medium-density fiberboard. All of these products are manufactured from wood that has been reduced to individual fibers, small fiber bundles, or fiber parts that are subsequently formed into a mat. Wood material from the Lake States sent to mills in other States and Canada is included. • Of the 9.5 million cords of pulpwood processed in 1998, 6.6 million cords (70 percent) were used for woodpulp products. Of each cord used to produce pulp, 86 percent came from roundwood and 14 percent came from mill residues. • Principal species harvested for pulp were aspen (1,866 thousand cords), hard maple (571 thousand cords), soft maple (536 thousand cords), jack pine (463 thousand cords), and red pine (415 thousand cords) (fig. 15). • Hardwoods were still the mainstays of the pulp mills in the region in 1998 with hardwood roundwood contributing 61 percent of total production and hardwood residues supplying another 8 percent. • The use of softwood roundwood by the pulp mills in the Lake States decreased by 7 percent from 1997 to 1998. Softwood residue use, on the other hand, increased by 58 percent from the previous year. • Average daily woodpulp production was 15.0 thousand tons per day in 1998, down from 15.1 thousand tons per day in 1997 (table 9). 1994 2,500 1995 1996 1997 1998 2,000 Figure 15.—Pulpwood States for pulp by species group and residues, 1994-1998. Thousand cords production in the Lake 1,500 1,000 500 0 Aspen Maple Other hardwoods Pine Species group Spruce-fir Other softwoods Residues 16 • Lake States pulpwood production for pulp mills during the period 1994-1998 was: Product form and species group Roundwood Softwoods Aspen Other hardwoods Residue Total 1,790 2,253 2,351 594 6,989 1,776 2,241 2,291 642 6,949 1,920 2,018 2,209 630 6,778 1,788 2,036 2,268 649 6,741 1,627 1,825 2,198 812 6,463 1994 1995 Production 1996 (Thousand cords) 1997 1998 Michigan • Pulpwood production for wood pulp was 2.1 million cords in 1998, a 6-percent decrease from 1997. • Hard and soft maple replaced aspen as the major pulpwood species harvested in the State with 346 thousand cords and 345 thousand cords, respectively. Other major species were aspen with 320 thousand cords and jack pine with 105 thousand cords. • Michigan mills imported 175 thousand cords of pulpwood for processing (158 thousand cords from Wisconsin, 15 thousand cords from Indiana, and 2 thousand cords from Canada). Michigan exported 269 thousand cords to Minnesota, Wisconsin, and Canada. Over threefourths of the wood imported was in the form of roundwood, and 70 percent of the exports were roundwood. • Michigan mills used 1,674 thousand cords of hardwood material in 1998, a decrease of 10 percent from 1997. The use of softwood material decreased by 1 percent to 358 thousand cords during the same period. Minnesota • Pulpwood production for woodpulp totaled 1.7 million cords in 1998, a decline of 2 percent from 1997. • Aspen was the predominant species harvested in the State with 931 thousand cords, 6 percent less than the previous year. Other major species were balsam fir with 184 thousand cords and spruce with 155 thousand cords. • Mills in Minnesota imported 130 thousand cords for pulp products (84 thousand cords from Canada, 45 thousand cords from Wisconsin, and 1 thousand cords from Michigan). Minnesota exported 159 thousand cords to Wisconsin and 39 thousand cords to Canada. Roundwood made up 50 percent of the imports and 76 percent of the exports. • Minnesota mills had a 3-percent decrease in the use of hardwood material, from 1,209 thousand cords in 1997 to 1,174 thousand cords in 1998. The use of softwood material increased by 12 percent to 450 thousand cords in 1998. Wisconsin • Pulpwood production for woodpulp products in 1998 fell by 4 percent from 1997, to 2.6 million cords. • Aspen was the main species harvested with 574 thousand cords, an 11-percent decrease from the previous year. Other major species were red pine (307 thousand cords), jack pine (277 thousand cords), hard maple (220 thousand cords), white birch (199 thousand cords), and soft maple (181 thousand cords). 17 • Wisconsin mills imported 550 thousand cords of pulpwood: 251 thousand cords from Michigan, 159 thousand cords from Minnesota, 100 thousand cords from other States, and 40 thousand cords from Canada. Wisconsin exported 158 thousand cords to Michigan, 45 thousand cords to Minnesota, and 1 thousand cords to other States. Roundwood accounted for 86 percent of the wood material exported and 70 percent of the wood material imported. • The use of hardwood material in Wisconsin pulp mills decreased by 1 percent, and the use of softwood material decreased by 3 percent. Particleboard Mills Particleboard is a generic term for a panel manufactured from lignocellulosic material—commonly wood—essentially in the form of particles (as distinct from fibers). These materials are bonded together with synthetic resin or other suitable binder under heat and pressure by a process wherein the inter-particle bonds are created wholly by the added binder. Other materials may have been added during manufacture to improve certain properties. The many types of particleboard differ greatly in regard to size and geometry of the particle, the amount of resin (adhesive) used, and the density to which the panel is pressed. The major types of particles used for particleboard are shavings, flakes, wafers, chips, sawdust, strands, slivers, and wood wool (excelsior). Most particleboard in the U.S. is made from residues (shavings, sawdust, or chips), but some types require that roundwood (saw logs or pulpwood) be used. Waferboard and oriented strandboard are examples of products requiring that the particles be cut from solid wood. A new product called engineered lumber was added to this generic term in 1992. Wood material from the Lake States sent to mills in other States and Canada is included. • The Lake States produced 2.7 million cords of pulpwood in 1998 for particleboard products, up 10 percent from 1997. For every cord of pulpwood used in particleboard manufacture, 94 percent came from roundwood and 6 percent came from the residues of other woodusing plants. • Principal species harvested for particleboard products were aspen (2,078 thousand cords), white birch (112 thousand cords), jack pine (111 thousand cords), soft maple (103 thousand cords), and balsam poplar (77 thousand cords) (fig. 16). • In 1998, the Lake States produced 135 thousand cords of softwood roundwood for particleboard plants, a decrease of 16 percent from 1997. Hardwood roundwood production for particleboard plants increased by 8 percent. All the roundwood that was harvested in the Lake States for particleboard production stayed in the region. • The Lake States produced 87 thousand cords of softwood residues and 85 thousand cords of hardwood residues for use in particleboard production. • Annual production at Lake States particleboard plants rose from 2,377 million square feet 3/4inch basis in 1997 to 2,400 million square feet 3/4-inch basis in 1998 (table 10). • Lake States pulpwood production for particleboard mills during 1994-1998 was: 18 Product form and species Roundwood Softwoods Aspen Other hardwoods Residue Total 149 2,146 303 161 2,759 128 2,079 245 163 2,616 1994 1995 Production 1996 (Thousand cords) 146 2,102 281 179 2,708 161 1,946 306 86 2,499 135 2,078 362 172 2,748 1997 1998 • Total softwood residue use at Lake States particleboard mills increased from 19 thousand cords in 1997 to 74 thousand cords in 1998. The use of hardwood residues by Lake States particleboard plants increased from 67 thousand cords in 1997 to 86 thousand cords in 1998. Michigan used for particleboard products added another 105 thousand cords. • The particleboard mills in Michigan imported 46 thousand cords from Wisconsin and 48 thousand cords from Canada. Exports of all wood material for particleboard production amounted to 34 thousand cords. Minnesota • Pulpwood harvested for particleboard products totaled 846 thousand cords in 1998, of which 119 thousand cords were softwoods and 727 thousand cords were hardwoods. Residues • Minnesota accounted for almost half (47 percent) of the wood material produced in the Lake States for particleboard plants in 1998. Aspen 2,500 Other hardwoods Softwoods Residues 2,000 Thousand cords 1,500 1,000 Figure 16.—Pulp- wood production for particleboard in the 500 Lake States, 19941998. 0 1994 1995 1996 Year 1997 1998 19 Timber logged for particleboard products totaled 1.3 million cords, and aspen was the predominant species cut (1.1 million cords). Minnesota supplied only 7 thousand cords of residues for particleboard production. • The particleboard mills in Minnesota imported 25 thousand cords from Canada, 4 thousand cords from Wisconsin, and 3 thousand cords from the Plains States. In 1998, raw materials exported from the State for particleboard manufacturing totaled 92 thousand cords. Wisconsin • In 1998, Wisconsin produced 454 thousand cords of roundwood for particleboard manufacturing, of which 12 thousand cords were softwood and 442 thousand cords were hardwood. Wisconsin wood processing mills provided an additional 60 thousand cords of plant byproducts to the particleboard industry. • The mills in Wisconsin imported 131 thousand cords of wood for particleboard manufacturing: 92 thousand cords from Minnesota, 21 thousand cords from Michigan, and 18 thousand cords from Canada. Wisconsin exported 45 thousand cords to Michigan and 4 thousand cords to Minnesota particleboard mills in 1998. Industry News Major mill expansion, new construction, consolidations, name changes, and closures are as follows: • Aspen Bay Pulp and Fibre began building the first bleached chemi-thermomechanical pulp mill in the U.S. in Menominee, MI. The 215,000 tpy (tons per year) mill should be finished in late 2002. • American Fibrit, Inc., in Battle Creek, MI, changed its name to Johnson Controls. • The TENNECO Packaging mills in Filer City, MI, and Tomahawk, WI, were purchased and their names changed to Packaging Corporation of America in 1999. • Avenor, Inc., in Thunder Bay, Ontario, was purchased by and its name changed to Bowater Forest Products. 20 CENTRAL STATES PRODUCTION • Pulpwood production in the Central States (Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, and Missouri) increased by almost 15 percent—from 412 thousand cords in 1997 to 472 thousand cords in 1998 (fig. 17). Illinois production rose by 13 percent, Indiana rose by 5 percent, Iowa fell by 4 percent, and Missouri rose by 33 percent above the 1997 production levels. • Pulpwood production from roundwood increased by 10 percent in 1998 from 1997 levels. A 27-percent increase in exports to Southern States mills from the Central States accounted for this increase. • Roundwood made up 38 percent of the total wood material used for pulpwood production in the Central States in 1998 (table 11). • Pulpwood production from soft hardwood7 roundwood fell from 86 thousand cords in 1997 to 34 thousand cords in 1998. Hard hardwood8 production more than offset the loss in soft hardwood production by increasing from 67 thousand cords in 1997 to 126 thousand cords in 1998. • Residue use for the production of pulpwood increased by 18 percent in 1998 from 1997. The production of softwood residues used for pulp production nearly doubled and hardwood residue use increased by 10 percent. Hardwood species with an average specific gravity of 0.50 or less. 7 Hardwood species with an average specific gravity greater than 0.50. 8 Residues 450 Hard hardwoods Soft hardwoods Softwoods 400 350 300 Thousand cords 250 Figure 17.—Pulpwood 200 production in the Central States, 19941998. 150 100 50 0 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 Year 21 • Hardwood residue from primary wood-using mills made up 87 percent or 255 thousand cords of the 293 thousand cords of total residue used to produce pulp. • Exports of roundwood and residues from the Central States in 1998 accounted for 72 percent of all wood material produced in the region for pulpwood production (table 12). Roundwood exports totaled 133 thousand cords and the export of residues from primary wood-using mills totaled 209 thousand cords. • Loggers harvested pulpwood in 17 counties of Illinois, 13 counties in Indiana, 11 counties in Iowa, and 22 counties in Missouri (fig. 18). • Pulpwood production from whole-tree chips decreased by 23 percent from 1997. The 43 thousand cords of whole-tree chips made up almost one-quarter of the total roundwood produced in the Central States in 1998. Illinois • Illinois produced 79 thousand cords of pulpwood in 1998, an increase of 13 percent from 1997. Illinois contributed 17 percent of the total pulpwood production in the Central States in 1998 (fig. 19). • Illinois does not have any primary woodpulp or particleboard mills; consequently, all pulpwood harvested is shipped to plants outside the State. Indiana Iowa • Iowa’s total pulpwood production in 1998 was 34 thousand cords, a decrease of 4 percent from 1997. The State contributed 7 percent of the region's total pulpwood produced. • Residues accounted for 72 percent of Iowa’s pulpwood production in 1998. Missouri • Missouri remained the second largest producer of pulpwood in the Central States in 1998, with 37 percent of the region’s total, or 176 thousand cords. The production of pulpwood in Missouri increased by 33 percent from 1997 to 1998. • Missouri exported 93 percent (163 thousand cords) of the State’s pulpwood production to mills in the Southern States. RECEIPTS • Pulp mills in three Central States received 138 thousand cords in 1998, down 2 percent from 1997 (table 13). • Residue receipts increased by 11 percent from 83 thousand cords in 1997 to 92 thousand cords in 1998. • Softwood roundwood was not used for pulpwood by the Central States pulp mills. INDUSTRY TRENDS AND ANALYSIS • Pulpwood production in Indiana accounted for 39 percent of the total pulpwood produced in the Central States region. The 183 thousand cords of wood material produced in Indiana in 1998 is a 5-percent increase from the 1997 level of 175 thousand cords. • Roundwood production decreased by 5 percent in 1998, while residue production increased by 9 percent. • Average daily woodpulp production increased from 843 tons in 1997 to 879 tons in 1998 (table 14). • In 1998, only 36 percent of the roundwood and 30 percent of the residues produced for pulpwood in the Central States went to pulp mills located in the Central States. 22 Iowa Osceola Dickinson Emmet Kossuth Winnebago Worth Mitchell Howard Winne shiek Allamakee O'Brien Clay Palo Alto Hancock Cerro Gordo Floyd Chickasaw Lyon Sioux Fayette Clayton Cherokee Buena Vista Pocahontas Humboldt Wright Franklin Butler Bremer Webster Buchanan Delaware Dubuque Jo DaviessStephenson Mchenry Lake Winnebago Tama Benton Linn Jones Jackson Carroll Ogle De Kalb Kane Cook Du Page Clinton Cedar Guthrie Dallas Polk Jasper PoweIowa Johnson Scott Kendall Will La Porte Lake Porter Grundy Putnam Jasper Pulaski Fulton Knox Stark Marshall Livingston Iroquois Woodford White Cass Carroll Benton Tazewell Vermilion Warren Clinton Champaign Mason Logan Mclean Ford Howard Tipton Hamilton Boone Peoria Warren Kankakee Starke Kosciusko Whitley Allen Marshall Noble De Kalb Henry Rock Island Louisa Mercer Bureau La Salle Muscatine Pottawattamie Cass Adair Madison Warren Marion Mahaska Keokuk Washington St. Joseph Elkhart Lagrange Steuben shiek Whiteside Lee Crawford Carroll Greene Boone Story Marshall CENTRAL STATES Illinois Boone Plymouth Woodbury Hamilton Hardin Grundy Ida Sac Calhoun Black Hawk Monona Appanoose Davis Van Buren Lee Fulton Miami Atchison Nodaway Worth Harrison Mercer Putnam Schuyler Scotland Clark Adair Knox Schuyler Sullivan Gentry Huntington Taylor Ringgold Decatur Wayne Henderson Fremont Page Wabash Des Moines Newton Mills Montgomery Adams Union Clarke Lucas Monroe Wapello Jefferson Henry Audubon Harrison Shelby Indiana Wells Adams McdoHancock nough Blackford G nt ra J a y Tippecanoe y on Andrew Brown M De Kalb Linn Macon Cass Macon Douglas Edgar Moultrie Christian Greene Macoupin Clark Montgomery Jersey Madison Warren Marion Clinton St. Louis Franklin Washington Jefferson Monroe Randolph Perry Franklin Jackson Crawford Washington Jefferson St. Clair Wayne St. Charles Clay Richland Bond Fayette Effingham Jasper Crawford Lawrence Menard Piatt Sangamon Parke tg Daviess Adams Shelby Marion Morgan Pike Scott Coles Shelby Cumberland Monroe Randolph Pike Audrain Saline Jackson Johnson Cass Cooper Moniteau Henry Cole Benton Morgan Osage Miller Maries St. Clair Camden Hickory Pulaski Laclede Dent Iron Reynolds Madison Texas Greene Lawrence Shannon Christian Stone Barry Oregon Taney Ozark McDonald Douglas Howell Carter Butler Ripley New Madrid Pemiscot Webster Wright Wayne Scott Stoddard Mississippi Phelps Dallas Cedar Polk Barton Dade Jasper Ste. Genevieve St. Perry Francois Vernon Bates Pettis Callaway Lafayette Boone Lincoln Howard Ralls * Clinton Livingston Chariton Carroll Ray Clay Caldwell Vigo Fountain om Holt Grundy Lewis er Madison De Witt D el aw ar e Ran dolph Henry Wayne Marion Hancock Rush Shelby Vermillion Hendricks Fayette Buchanan Platte Johnson Putnam Clay Owen Un Morgan Franklin Brown io n Calhoun ce Monroe ren Je nn in Dearborn Sullivan Greene r Ba th ol om w Decatur gs Ripley Ohio Montgomery Martin La w Jackson Daviess Scott SwitzJefferson erland as h Knox Wash Orange ington ab Clark Gasconade Edwards W Pike Gibson Dubois Crawford Floyd Hamilton White Posey Vander - burgh Williamson Saline Gallatin Warrick Spencer Perry Harrison Bollinger Alexander Cape Girardeau Massac Pulaski Newton Missouri Johnson Union Pope Hardin 0 cords 1 to 999 cords 1,000 to 2,999 cords 3,000 to 4,999 cords 5,000 or more cords Pulp mill Dunklin Figure 18.—Production of pulpwood from roundwood (including chips from roundwood) in the Central States by county, in standard cords, 1998. Locations of Central States mills and nearby pulp mills using Central States pulpwood are shown. 23 Residues 140 Soft hardwood Hard hardwood Softwood 120 100 Figure 19.—Central Thousand cords States pulpwood production by species group and residues, 1998. 80 60 40 20 0 Illinois Indiana Iowa Missouri State • Hardwood residue from sawmills and other wood-using mills accounted for 43 percent of all the wood material used by the Central States pulp mills. It continues to be the dominant form of wood material procured. 24 PLAINS STATES PRODUCTION AND RECEIPTS • Pulpwood production in the Plains States was 116 thousand cords in 1998, an increase of 3 percent from 1997 (fig. 20). Production came from Kansas, North Dakota, and South Dakota. • Softwood residues accounted for 88 percent of the pulpwood production for the Plains States in 1998 (fig. 21), most of which came from South Dakota. • Fifty-three thousand cords of softwood residue from the Plains States were exported to Wisconsin in 1998. • Three thousand cords of aspen and balsam poplar roundwood from North Dakota were exported to Minnesota in 1998. Softwood residues 88% • The only mill in the Plains States in 1998 was Merillat Industries, Inc. (particleboard), in Rapid City, SD, which has an annual production capacity of 95 million square feet 3/4-inch basis. Hardwood roundwood 2% Softwood roundwood 9% Hardwood residues 1% Figure 21.—Plains States pulpwood production, 1998. Residues 120 Soft hardwoods Softwoods 100 80 Thousand cords 60 Figure 20.—Pulpwood production in the Plains States, 1994-1998. 40 20 0 1994 1995 1996 Year 1997 1998 25 26 APPENDIX Conversion Factors Used In The North-Central Region Standard cords of green roundwood per green ton: Species Softwoods Northern white-cedar Balsam fir Hemlock Jack pine Red pine White pine Shortleaf pine Spruce Tamarack Hardwoods Soft hardwoods Hard hardwoods Ash Aspen Balsam poplar Basswood Beech Factor 0.4688 .6329 .4688 .4150 .4688 .4688 .4777 .3956 .5014 .4291 .3939 .4171 .3708 .4330 .4291 .4083 .5167 .3956 Species White birch Yellow birch River birch Sweetgum Yellow-poplar Blackgum Sycamore Cottonwood Elm Hickory Hard maple Soft maple Black cherry Red oak White oak Black oak Other hardwoods Factor 0.4018 .3723 .3871 .3669 .4219 .3779 .4083 .4291 .4018 .3701 .3617 .4083 .4688 .3444 .3723 .3444 .4777 27 TABLE TITLES Table 8.—Number of industrial pulp or particleboard plants in the Lake States by product form, species group used, and State, 1998 Table 2.—Lake States pulpwood production by State of origin, year, and destination, 1994-1998 Table 3.—Lake States pulpwood production by State of origin, product form, Forest Survey Unit, and destination, 1998 Table 4.—Lake States annual pulpwood production from roundwood by State, Forest Survey Unit, and species group, 1994-1998 Table 5.—Pulpwood production from roundwood by Forest Survey Unit, county, and species group, Michigan, 1998 Table 6.—Pulpwood production from roundwood by Forest Survey Unit, county, and species group, Minnesota, 1998 Table 14.—Average daily production of active Table 7.—Pulpwood production from roundwood by Forest Survey Unit, county, and species group, Wisconsin, 1998 woodpulp mills in the Central States by company, location, and type of pulp produced, 1998 Table 12.—Central States pulpwood production by State and destination, 1994-1998 Table 13.—Trends in receipts of roundwood and residue as pulpwood, Central States, 1994-1998 Table 11.—Production and imports of pulpwood, Central States, 1998 Table 10.—Annual production of active particleboard and panel mills in the Lake States by State, company, location, and product produced, 1998 Table 9.—Average daily production of active woodpulp mill in the Lake States by State, company, location, and type of pulp produced, 1998 Table 1.—Production and imports of pulpwood, Lake States, 1998 28 TABLES 29 Product form, species group, and destination Softwood roundwood Northern white-cedar Michigan Total Balsam fir Canada Michigan Minnesota Wisconsin Total Hemlock Michigan Wisconsin Total Jack pine Michigan Minnesota Wisconsin Total Red pine Michigan Minnesota Wisconsin Total White pine Michigan Minnesota Wisconsin Total Spruce Canada Michigan Minnesota Wisconsin Total 30 Table 1.--Production and imports of pulpwood, Lake States, 1998 (In standard cords, unpeeled) Production by State 2 Michigan Minnesota Wisconsin Regional total Central States 1 Imports Plains Other U.S. 3 States Canada Total imports Total receipts 5,250 5,250 5,372 47,518 1,324 17,429 71,643 63,789 3,387 67,176 183,217 -25,297 208,514 79,259 -9,876 89,135 3,167 -1,476 4,643 10,797 21,722 -24,489 57,008 ----179,417 4,812 184,229 ----40,410 27,029 67,439 -12,345 15,265 27,610 -570 1,010 1,581 --116,460 39,188 155,648 464 464 -4,157 6,993 67,403 78,553 7,378 16,003 23,381 9,545 1,347 271,155 282,048 7,104 977 300,338 308,419 238 307 57,489 58,034 -1,874 1,159 37,351 40,383 5,714 5,714 5,372 51,675 187,734 89,644 334,425 71,168 19,389 90,557 192,762 41,757 323,482 558,001 86,363 13,322 325,479 425,163 3,405 877 59,976 64,257 10,797 23,596 117,619 101,027 253,039 ------------79 79 --2,368 2,368 --1,066 1,066 ------ ---------------------------- ---------------------------- 15 15 -135 --135 310 -310 201 15,971 -16,172 191 --191 8 --8 -61 -22,061 22,122 15 15 -135 --135 310 -310 201 15,971 79 16,252 191 -2,368 2,559 8 -1,066 1,073 -61 -22,061 22,122 5,729 5,729 -51,810 187,734 89,644 329,188 71,478 19,389 90,867 192,963 57,728 323,561 574,252 86,554 13,322 327,846 427,722 3,412 877 61,041 65,331 -23,657 117,619 123,088 264,364 Tamarack Michigan Minnesota Wisconsin Total Total softwood roundwood Canada Michigan Minnesota Wisconsin Total Softwood residues Canada Michigan Minnesota Wisconsin Total Total softwood material Canada Michigan Minnesota Wisconsin Total 3,958 -954 4,911 16,169 407,880 1,324 82,907 508,280 13,536 87,402 -69,001 169,939 29,705 495,282 1,324 151,908 678,218 -2,034 13,803 15,836 --351,236 101,107 452,343 19,137 -74,043 -93,180 19,137 -425,279 101,107 545,523 384 -9,715 10,099 -31,144 10,783 759,454 801,381 457 10,516 1,116 95,693 107,782 457 41,660 11,899 855,148 909,163 4,342 2,034 24,471 30,847 16,169 439,024 363,343 943,468 1,762,003 33,130 97,918 75,159 164,695 370,901 49,299 536,942 438,502 1,108,162 2,132,905 -------3,513 3,513 --------3,513 3,513 ------------52,869 52,869 ---52,869 52,869 ------------41,414 41,414 ---41,414 41,414 12 --12 -932 15,971 22,061 38,965 --494 11,351 11,846 12 --12 -932 15,971 25,574 42,477 --494 105,634 106,129 4,354 2,034 24,471 30,859 -439,956 379,314 969,042 1,788,312 -97,918 75,653 270,329 443,900 ---932 932 537,874 16,466 16,466 454,968 33,412 131,208 1,239,370 50,810 148,606 2,232,212 (Table 1 continued on next page) 31 32 (Table 1 continued) Product form, species group, and destination Hardwood roundwood Ash Michigan Minnesota Wisconsin Total Aspen Michigan Minnesota Wisconsin Total Balsam poplar Michigan Minnesota Wisconsin Total Basswood Michigan Minnesota Wisconsin Total Beech Michigan Wisconsin Total White birch Michigan Minnesota Wisconsin Total Yellow birch Michigan Wisconsin Total Cottonwood Michigan Wisconsin Total Production by State 2 Michigan Minnesota Wisconsin Regional total Central States Imports Plains Other U.S. 3 States Canada Total imports Total receipts 40,161 -3,994 44,155 800,276 -57,136 857,412 72,076 -15 72,091 72,256 -1,618 73,874 40,834 6 40,840 89,854 -8,956 98,810 39,818 2,330 42,148 5,289 15 5,305 -2,131 3,222 5,353 -1,982,926 87,626 2,070,552 -110,986 1,832 112,819 -3,227 512 3,739 ----98,221 36,526 134,748 -582 582 ---- 1,740 -73,316 75,056 45,639 28,737 901,115 975,491 5,154 75 1,694 6,924 6,018 -34,918 40,935 3,559 1,027 4,586 15,933 3,448 184,487 203,867 4,452 39,810 44,263 -1,919 1,919 41,901 2,131 80,532 124,564 845,915 2,011,663 1,045,877 3,903,455 77,230 111,062 3,542 191,834 78,274 3,227 37,047 118,548 44,393 1,033 45,426 105,787 101,670 229,969 437,425 44,270 42,723 86,993 5,289 1,935 7,224 ------------------------------ -----2,601 -2,601 -85 -85 ------------------ ------------------------------ 6 --6 48,599 64,496 17,738 130,834 52 9,735 -9,787 6 --6 17 -17 74 16 7,106 7,196 29 -29 ---- 6 --6 48,599 67,098 17,738 133,435 52 9,820 -9,872 6 --6 17 -17 74 16 7,106 7,196 29 -29 ---- 41,907 2,131 80,532 124,570 894,515 2,078,761 1,063,615 4,036,890 77,282 120,882 3,542 201,706 78,279 3,227 37,047 118,554 44,410 1,033 45,443 105,861 101,686 237,075 444,621 44,299 42,723 87,022 5,289 1,935 7,224 Elm Michigan Wisconsin Total Hickory Michigan Wisconsin Total Hard maple Michigan Minnesota Wisconsin Total Soft maple Michigan Minnesota Wisconsin Total Red oak Michigan Wisconsin Total White oak Michigan Wisconsin Total Other hardwoods Michigan Wisconsin Total 450 401 851 2,757 76 2,832 358,159 -10,264 368,423 417,244 -6,762 424,006 52,911 3,138 56,049 41,184 1,000 42,184 24,011 267 24,279 -30 30 -28 28 -3,910 1,855 5,765 -4,413 8,887 13,301 -704 704 -49 49 -72 72 -35,439 35,439 -1,137 1,137 31,687 1,382 190,367 223,436 31,097 1,560 169,461 202,118 722 109,484 110,205 -31,229 31,229 2,632 4,058 6,691 450 35,870 36,320 2,757 1,241 3,997 389,846 5,292 202,486 597,624 448,341 5,973 185,110 639,424 53,632 113,326 166,958 41,184 32,278 73,462 26,643 4,398 31,041 ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------283 --283 213 --213 2 -2 ---- ------283 --283 213 --213 2 -2 ---- 450 35,870 36,320 2,757 1,241 3,997 390,129 5,292 202,486 597,907 448,554 5,973 185,110 639,637 53,635 113,326 166,960 41,184 32,278 73,462 23 23 26,667 --4,398 23 23 31,064 (Table 1 continued on next page) 33 34 (Table 1 continued) Production by State 2 Imports Product form, species group, Regional Central Plains Other U.S. 3 and destination Michigan Minnesota Wisconsin total States States Total hardwood roundwood Michigan 2,057,280 -148,632 2,205,912 ---Minnesota -2,205,815 35,203 2,241,018 -2,687 -Wisconsin 95,978 141,925 1,779,462 2,017,364 ---Total 2,153,258 2,347,740 1,963,296 6,464,295 -2,687 -Hardwood residues Canada -19,427 -19,427 ---Michigan 220,097 -13,272 233,369 14,896 --Minnesota -54,214 2,503 56,717 ---Other 4 --1,492 1,492 ---Wisconsin 24,343 8,064 270,258 302,664 1,994 --Total 244,440 81,705 287,525 613,669 16,890 --Total hardwood material Canada -19,427 -19,427 ---Michigan 2,277,377 -161,905 2,439,282 14,896 --Minnesota -2,260,029 37,705 2,297,734 -2,687 -Other 4 --1,492 1,492 ---Wisconsin 120,321 149,989 2,049,719 2,320,029 1,994 --Total 2,397,698 2,429,445 2,250,821 7,077,964 16,890 2,687 -Total all roundwood Canada 16,169 --16,169 ---Michigan 2,465,160 -179,776 2,644,936 ---Minnesota 1,324 2,557,051 45,986 2,604,361 -2,687 -Wisconsin 178,885 243,032 2,538,916 2,960,832 3,513 --Total 2,661,538 2,800,083 2,764,677 8,226,298 3,513 2,687 -Total all residues Canada 13,536 38,564 457 52,557 ---Michigan 307,499 -23,789 331,287 14,896 --Minnesota -128,257 3,619 131,876 ---Other 4 --1,492 1,492 ---Wisconsin 93,344 8,064 365,951 467,359 1,994 52,869 41,414 Total 414,378 174,885 395,307 984,571 16,890 52,869 41,414 Total all wood material Canada 29,705 38,564 457 68,726 ---Michigan 2,772,659 -203,565 2,976,224 14,896 --Minnesota 1,324 2,685,308 49,604 2,736,236 -2,687 -Other 4 --1,492 1,492 ---Wisconsin 272,228 251,096 2,904,867 3,428,191 5,507 52,869 41,414 Total 3,075,916 2,974,968 3,159,984 9,210,869 20,403 55,556 41,414 1 Table may not add due to rounding. 2 Vertical columns of figures under the box heading "Production by State" present the amount of roundwood cut or residue generated in each State. 3 Mostly Western States. 4 Pulpwood shipped to mills outside of region. Canada 49,304 74,247 24,845 148,396 --17,750 --17,750 -49,304 91,998 -24,845 166,147 -50,236 90,219 46,906 187,361 --18,245 -11,351 29,596 -50,236 108,464 -58,257 216,957 Total imports 49,304 76,934 24,845 151,083 -14,896 17,750 -1,994 34,640 -64,200 94,684 -26,839 185,723 -50,236 92,905 50,418 193,560 -14,896 18,245 -107,628 140,769 -65,132 111,150 -158,047 334,329 Total receipts 2,255,217 2,317,952 2,042,209 6,615,377 -248,265 74,467 -304,658 627,390 -2,503,482 2,392,419 -2,346,867 7,242,768 -2,695,173 2,697,266 3,011,251 8,403,689 -346,183 150,121 -574,987 1,071,291 -3,041,356 2,847,386 -3,586,237 9,474,980 Table 2.--Lake States pulpwood production by State of origin, year, and destination, 1994-1998 1 (In thousand standard cords, unpeeled) MICHIGAN Year 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 5-year average Total production 3,254 3,112 3,111 3,346 3,076 3,180 Michigan 2,915 2,733 2,815 3,104 2,773 2,868 MINNESOTA Year 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 5-year average Total production 3,029 2,971 3,065 2,980 2,975 3,004 Michigan 11 4 ---3 WISCONSIN Total Year production 1994 3,465 1995 3,482 1996 3,309 1997 3,194 1998 3,160 5-year average 3,322 1 Includes mill residues used for pulp. 2 Includes Canada. Michigan 241 231 218 234 204 226 Destination of pulpwood Minnesota Wisconsin 55 3,167 80 3,168 68 3,020 45 2,913 50 2,905 60 3,035 Other 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 Destination of pulpwood Minnesota Wisconsin 2,812 164 2,738 178 2,676 352 2,654 287 2,685 251 2,713 246 Other 2 41 50 38 39 39 41 Destination of pulpwood Minnesota Wisconsin 17 310 18 346 5 267 1 223 1 272 8 284 Other 2 11 16 25 18 30 20 35 36 Table 3.--Lake States pulpwood production by State of origin, product form, Forest Survey Unit, and destination, 1998 (In thousand standard cords, unpeeled) MICHIGAN Product form and Forest Survey Unit Roundwood Eastern Upper Peninsula Western Upper Peninsula Northern Lower Peninsula Southern Lower Peninsula Total Residues Total pulpwood Total production 590 1,131 852 89 2,662 414 3,076 Michigan 550 977 850 89 2,465 307 2,773 MINNESOTA Product form and Forest Survey Unit Roundwood Aspen-Birch Northern Pine Central Hardwood Prairie Total Residues Total pulpwood Total production 1,119 1,357 253 72 2,800 175 2,975 WISCONSIN Product form and Total Forest Survey Unit production Roundwood Northeastern 874 Northwestern 1,119 Central 652 Southwestern 87 Southeastern 33 Total 2,765 Residues 395 Total pulpwood 3,160 * Less than 500 standard cords, unpeeled. 1 Destination of pulpwood Minnesota Wisconsin -1 --1 -1 26 152 1 * 179 93 272 Other 1 14 1 1 -16 14 30 Michigan -------- Destination of pulpwood Minnesota Wisconsin 1,011 1,309 166 72 2,557 128 2,685 108 48 87 -243 8 251 Other 1 -----39 39 Michigan 160 18 * -2 180 24 204 Destination of pulpwood Minnesota Wisconsin 1 44 1 1 -46 4 50 714 1,057 650 87 31 2,539 366 2,905 Other 1 ------2 2 Includes Canada. Table 4.--Lake States annual pulpwood production from roundwood by State, Forest Survey Unit, and species group, 1994-1998 (In thousand standard cords, unpeeled) MICHIGAN Forest Survey Unit Eastern Upper Peninsula Western Upper Peninsula Northern Lower Peninsula Southern Lower Peninsula Total 1994 773 1,140 1,035 65 3,013 All species 1995 1996 774 689 1,149 1,217 845 861 66 67 2,834 2,834 1997 633 1,193 1,178 95 3,099 1998 590 1,131 852 89 2,662 1994 111 101 132 * 344 1995 147 99 108 * 355 Pine 1996 126 106 141 * 373 1997 131 97 163 2 392 1998 106 75 120 1 302 1994 23 38 1 -62 1995 27 39 1 -66 Spruce 1996 27 50 1 * 78 1997 18 27 1 -46 1998 25 31 1 * 57 Aspen-Birch Northern Pine Central Hardwood Prairie Total 1,318 1,283 222 35 2,858 1,263 1,263 242 43 2,810 1,321 1,232 296 48 2,897 1,046 1,501 277 52 2,875 1,119 1,357 253 72 2,800 MINNESOTA 46 40 60 65 14 17 --120 122 WISCONSIN 135 132 242 228 307 285 38 33 15 17 738 695 1,201 1,172 38 51 29 -119 35 66 26 -126 33 43 20 * 97 137 29 1 -165 118 31 1 -150 158 44 3 * 204 123 43 3 -168 110 41 4 * 156 Northeastern Northwestern Central Southwestern Southeastern Total Total Lake States 1,066 1,312 640 65 38 3,121 8,992 1,020 1,334 661 65 35 3,115 8,759 1,003 1,210 618 75 40 2,945 8,676 980 1,134 577 80 40 2,811 8,785 874 1,119 652 87 33 2,765 8,227 158 231 264 39 20 712 1,203 173 205 270 39 23 709 1,228 149 151 278 51 19 649 1,048 12 16 1 1 1 31 258 16 16 18 18 19 18 22 16 3 1 2 3 2 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 40 34 44 40 256 318 259 253 (Table 4 continued on next page) 37 (Table 4 continued) MICHIGAN Forest Survey Unit Eastern Upper Peninsula Western Upper Peninsula Northern Lower Peninsula Southern Lower Peninsula Total 1994 55 45 2 -103 Balsam fir 1995 1996 34 25 43 38 2 2 -* 79 65 1997 20 29 2 -52 1998 28 41 3 -72 1994 43 41 * * 84 Other softwoods 1995 1996 1997 30 32 24 46 53 57 * * * -* -76 85 82 1998 22 55 * * 77 1994 181 360 527 16 1,084 1995 192 368 429 13 1,003 Aspen 1996 152 334 406 22 913 1997 125 339 540 38 1,041 1998 148 309 375 25 857 Aspen-Birch Northern Pine Central Hardwood Prairie Total Northeastern Northwestern Central Southwestern Southeastern Total Total Lake States 38 114 70 1 -185 119 76 2 -198 171 75 6 * 252 106 79 10 -195 101 80 3 * 184 MINNESOTA 2 11 1 2 -* -* 3 12 WISCONSIN 32 27 9 7 2 2 -* * * 42 37 129 125 11 2 --13 12 8 1 -21 9 6 1 * 16 862 1,061 197 35 2,155 831 1,021 209 43 2,103 816 988 247 47 2,098 649 1,187 222 50 2,108 736 1,057 210 68 2,071 31 31 * * * 63 351 30 41 1 * 1 73 350 41 50 1 * * 92 410 32 44 1 * * 78 324 36 42 1 * * 79 335 26 7 2 * * 36 135 24 8 3 * * 34 138 22 10 2 * * 34 127 393 573 163 17 13 1,159 4,399 397 367 328 313 614 539 481 469 179 170 149 171 17 24 17 18 8 11 5 4 1,214 1,109 980 975 4,320 4,121 4,130 3,903 (Table 4 continued on next page) (Table 4 continued) MICHIGAN Forest Survey Unit Eastern Upper Peninsula Western Upper Peninsula Northern Lower Peninsula Southern Lower Peninsula Total 1994 75 87 50 1 213 1995 51 84 42 * 177 Birch 1996 77 144 35 * 256 1997 51 87 40 1 180 1998 37 71 33 * 141 1994 215 351 163 8 736 1995 237 375 156 11 779 Maple 1996 203 370 188 16 777 1997 221 430 266 23 940 1998 183 414 172 23 792 1994 71 117 160 40 387 Other hardwoods 1995 1996 57 48 94 122 106 88 42 28 299 287 1997 42 126 165 32 365 1998 41 136 148 38 362 Aspen-Birch Northern Pine Central Hardwood Prairie Total 44 30 1 -75 65 38 8 * 111 58 45 7 * 109 60 55 8 * 123 60 69 6 * 135 MINNESOTA 10 9 10 4 6 4 --26 17 WISCONSIN 226 194 205 172 60 59 4 5 2 3 496 433 1,259 1,229 5 1 4 -9 9 1 5 -15 11 1 7 -19 103 23 2 -128 70 27 * 1 97 65 26 1 * 92 51 63 3 2 119 58 59 3 4 123 Northeastern Northwestern Central Southwestern Southeastern Total Total Lake States * Less than 500 standard cords. 116 126 18 1 1 263 550 123 152 28 3 2 309 596 120 123 27 3 1 275 641 106 119 24 5 2 257 559 85 131 28 3 1 248 524 152 158 64 4 2 379 1,165 178 165 51 7 4 405 1,360 158 195 65 5 2 426 1,237 121 110 89 5 5 329 845 101 101 104 6 3 315 711 124 83 90 5 3 306 684 122 89 77 11 4 304 788 93 105 105 7 4 314 799 39 Forest Survey Unit All and county 1 species Eastern Upper Peninsula Alger 92,513 Chippewa 93,307 Delta 93,725 Luce 68,191 Mackinac 88,192 Menominee 56,141 Schoolcraft 98,106 Total 590,176 Western Upper Peninsula Baraga 121,677 Dickinson 97,432 Gogebic 110,141 Houghton 163,469 Iron 183,253 Keweenaw 50,320 Marquette 242,874 Ontonagon 161,599 Total 1,130,766 Northern Lower Peninsula Alcona 42,608 Alpena 21,307 Antrim 26,930 Arenac 12,336 Bay 1,668 Benzie 20,390 Charlevoix 9,613 Cheboygan 68,889 Clare 26,518 Crawford 27,605 Emmet 25,852 Gladwin 36,190 Grand Traverse 13,127 Iosco 13,084 Isabella 22,947 Kalkaska 46,787 Lake 31,217 Leelanau 1,211 40 Table 5.--Pulpwood production from roundwood by Forest Survey Unit, county, and species group, Michigan, 1998 (In standard cords, unpeeled) Species group White Red pine pine 3,321 7,736 7,293 5,919 6,574 1,083 15,177 47,102 2,428 2,382 988 4,037 7,175 300 6,675 1,402 25,386 1,045 24 253 65 -9 223 828 381 1,357 202 162 245 26 142 4,911 404 -150 452 380 54 169 112 169 1,486 373 359 147 320 524 89 481 265 2,559 -15 43 3 -7 2 130 -13 71 2 4 -1 56 --Northern white-cedar Balsam fir 293 495 512 105 356 173 329 2,263 323 358 1 332 804 38 888 17 2,761 -9 19 ---4 67 --3 ----12 --2,916 5,302 6,643 1,275 5,094 2,502 4,188 27,920 4,672 5,677 1,906 5,000 11,942 1,819 8,906 833 40,755 30 167 153 ---32 863 --22 ----103 --Hemlock 2,376 1,434 2,776 6,652 1,499 835 2,309 17,881 12,755 1,874 5,211 3,922 4,234 2,188 15,470 3,539 49,192 ---------------90 --Jack pine 4,971 11,815 8,176 6,387 8,014 1,183 16,534 57,079 6,570 5,417 7,903 2,727 8,278 670 15,021 517 47,102 940 168 8,887 118 -1,848 1,386 11,077 444 10,690 2,975 513 1,833 2,506 678 9,849 1,357 42 Spruce 1,747 5,011 4,946 2,428 3,774 2,575 4,531 25,012 2,271 4,421 1,730 3,867 6,955 2,644 6,567 2,346 30,801 -53 37 ---8 424 --5 ----42 --Tamarack 257 289 578 87 206 367 279 2,063 290 332 28 275 1,008 31 854 25 2,841 ---------------7 --Ash 1,267 364 482 614 420 491 600 4,238 2,439 725 3,415 4,323 2,581 1,060 1,869 4,559 20,970 281 327 473 209 -1,851 225 228 1,030 97 156 609 623 50 161 792 1,934 56 Aspen 10,646 34,076 24,532 12,647 31,908 17,345 16,813 147,968 20,171 46,561 18,278 38,412 50,475 4,447 67,214 63,469 309,027 25,489 12,152 6,084 7,885 1,071 5,485 1,992 37,102 13,599 9,377 12,982 21,168 4,759 4,620 13,010 17,202 9,327 383 Balsam poplar 1,092 771 2,254 628 1,044 2,088 1,456 9,333 3,022 3,992 953 4,953 5,976 677 8,414 3,649 31,637 8,572 3,241 85 201 -55 262 1,810 380 8 901 1,206 19 1,071 759 206 54 2 Manistee 26,895 Mason 10,006 Mecosta 14,879 Midland 19,841 Missaukee 37,119 Montmorency 29,519 Newaygo 22,746 Oceana 19,132 Ogemaw 15,130 Osceola 21,211 Oscoda 41,295 Otsego 51,932 Presque Isle 36,023 Roscommon 37,344 Wexford 20,631 Total 851,983 Southern Lower Peninsula Allegan 11,716 Barry 1,026 Branch 1,683 Calhoun 1,074 Cass 2,365 Gratiot 20 Huron 502 Ingham 51 Ionia 30 Jackson 13 Kalamazoo 1,269 Kent 9,173 Montcalm 10,062 Muskegon 20,394 Oakland 1,876 Ottawa 3,235 Saginaw 569 Sanilac 488 Shiawassee 3,534 St. Joseph 5,084 Tuscola 1,084 Van Buren 10,551 Wayne 2,813 Total 88,614 State total 2,661,538 ----------17 -40 56 -226 ------------------------5,250 -----68 --3 -141 15 922 449 -2,968 ------------------------71,643 ---------------90 ---------13 -------------13 67,176 1,655 -285 50 4,074 2,466 10 -1,100 1,523 7,657 13,207 2,249 10,646 2,736 102,969 --------------840 --13 --123 -390 1,365 208,514 81 -91 150 933 88 38 -36 382 64 2,190 361 501 1,358 16,551 --------------5 -1 ---90 --96 89,135 -----10 --10 -22 150 35 13 -588 ----------------------10 10 4,643 -----54 ----33 10 416 107 -1,188 ----------------------7 7 57,008 ---------------7 ------------------------4,911 1,823 640 73 1,149 821 303 802 106 441 1,183 257 380 151 141 1,160 18,531 7,931 3,145 6,944 9,140 17,389 13,526 6,254 8,302 7,828 9,560 17,747 19,435 20,635 16,469 7,139 375,132 437 224 550 86 182 3,214 163 474 638 252 2,478 291 2,645 122 63 30,651 -1,459 --158 --191 --121 --268 --16 --502 -5 25 --17 -----153 -261 2,913 123 70 4,532 198 34 5,739 1 -888 --784 60 -331 24 -242 -39 540 --574 --843 --3,156 64 6 1,833 -415 25,285 471 44,155 857,412 72,091 (Table 5 continued on next page) 41 42 (Tabel 5 continued) Species group Forest Survey Unit and county 1 Basswood Eastern Upper Peninsula Alger 2,287 Chippewa 751 Delta 1,010 Luce 1,032 Mackinac 725 Menominee 1,277 Schoolcraft 898 Total 7,979 Western Upper Peninsula Baraga 4,223 Dickinson 2,286 Gogebic 3,898 Houghton 8,471 Iron 4,271 Keweenaw 1,976 Marquette 4,316 Ontonagon 9,092 Total 38,534 Northern Lower Peninsula Alcona 767 Alpena 123 Antrim 1,852 Arenac 180 Bay -Benzie 1,155 Charlevoix 1,995 Cheboygan 958 Clare 516 Crawford 245 Emmet 434 Gladwin 706 Grand Traverse 620 Iosco 1,306 Isabella 302 Kalkaska 981 Lake 1,481 Leelanau 64 Beech 3,369 339 1,139 1,413 971 1,011 1,304 9,545 2,150 826 2,577 2,971 3,072 1,542 3,665 2,558 19,360 281 237 188 220 -488 120 325 256 114 197 443 152 47 480 303 539 14 White birch 2,733 4,161 5,423 1,250 4,658 3,332 3,784 25,340 4,839 3,242 3,883 4,948 7,988 2,433 11,599 2,153 41,085 1,616 1,779 2,239 403 100 582 56 3,641 470 388 1,610 1,532 268 721 502 1,533 737 13 Yellow birch 3,443 857 1,590 1,687 1,181 1,303 1,749 11,809 3,345 1,260 4,533 4,931 4,101 1,934 5,266 4,436 29,806 --6 --45 2 -26 --16 15 2 4 18 45 1 Cottonwood ---------2 6 ---2 6 15 ------19 -735 --499 -13 475 -833 -Elm 1 -1 --4 3 9 16 201 112 12 22 3 5 21 393 --------------148 ---Hickory ---------9 56 -3 -1 6 75 --7 --66 5 -37 --22 22 -6 28 66 2 Hard maple 24,148 7,657 13,086 12,166 9,975 9,861 13,882 90,775 26,851 8,104 25,429 39,285 30,963 13,594 43,452 33,296 220,974 1,741 1,049 2,747 928 -2,025 2,392 2,465 1,683 1,300 1,550 1,153 815 212 1,278 2,441 3,073 281 Soft maple 24,753 10,825 11,576 12,502 10,654 9,510 12,631 92,452 22,267 8,202 24,355 31,146 29,341 13,379 37,860 26,269 192,819 1,846 1,723 3,428 2,125 497 3,095 611 8,120 3,983 2,239 4,566 5,056 2,341 2,414 4,527 6,483 4,389 244 Red oak 502 380 188 235 142 201 239 1,887 686 447 2,322 1,011 792 340 668 1,163 7,428 -238 213 --1,822 137 851 1,469 1,736 161 1,450 786 95 292 863 3,057 55 White oak 5 -7 --21 21 55 110 70 407 80 132 19 26 102 945 -1 219 --1,858 141 -1,508 39 19 1,652 625 1 182 866 3,924 55 Other hardwoods 2,234 593 1,133 1,112 826 871 1,211 7,980 1,877 686 2,006 2,447 2,617 1,135 3,654 1,876 16,299 ------------------- Manistee 1,009 820 486 Mason 385 407 193 Mecosta 82 548 137 Midland 562 257 619 Missaukee 810 381 1,177 Montmorency 1,651 367 1,791 Newaygo 412 401 317 Oceana 54 783 23 Ogemaw 288 147 699 Osceola 658 313 419 Oscoda 4,967 273 1,716 Otsego 1,222 605 2,208 Presque Isle 203 181 2,708 Roscommon 126 51 1,157 Wexford 646 308 340 Total 26,760 10,246 32,179 Southern Lower Peninsula Allegan ---Barry -10 -Branch ---Calhoun ---Cass ---Gratiot ---Huron ---Ingham -5 -Ionia 9 --Jackson ---Kalamazoo ---Kent 78 179 -Montcalm -192 9 Muskegon 17 777 7 Oakland ---Ottawa 19 72 15 Saginaw 1 -19 Sanilac 33 -12 Shiawassee 233 71 -St. Joseph ---Tuscola 28 --Van Buren 162 372 -Wayne 22 11 143 Total 600 1,689 205 State total 73,874 40,840 98,810 1 Includes only those counties that supplied pulpwood in 1998. 44 16 101 28 19 18 20 2 10 29 25 -1 10 29 532 -------------1 ---------1 42,148 ------293 165 -------3,032 71 ------5 3 --387 278 714 ----193 --605 -2,257 5,305 -----19 69 --------236 -------2 -----112 ----36 --63 -213 851 67 24 2 40 30 -30 5 15 43 ---5 41 562 31 10 -----4 1 --111 120 412 ----1,332 --174 -2,195 2,832 2,744 1,319 1,043 1,309 1,911 2,524 1,685 2,324 995 1,734 1,860 4,395 1,065 308 1,549 53,896 -9 ---------505 643 737 -199 60 28 65 --453 77 2,778 368,423 5,079 2,076 3,604 3,845 7,750 2,550 5,421 4,178 1,785 2,361 2,437 7,728 2,911 5,878 2,800 118,092 3,654 292 541 346 761 --4 --405 1,856 2,002 5,059 -817 133 161 367 1,637 -2,294 314 20,644 424,006 2,290 773 683 1,277 810 780 3,340 1,359 737 1,357 1,601 96 1,496 1,173 1,207 32,204 3,119 258 457 292 642 2 ----342 1,278 970 3,187 144 604 --314 1,381 -1,541 -14,529 56,049 2,428 805 736 1,330 832 90 3,492 1,356 398 1,396 --3 131 1,254 25,343 3,382 289 494 315 694 2 ----369 1,482 1,048 3,597 -664 --344 1,493 -1,668 -15,842 42,184 ----------------------------------------24,279 43 44 Table 6.--Pulpwood production from roundwood by Forest Survey Unit, county, and species group, Minnesota, 1998 (In standard cords, unpeeled) Species group White pine Spruce Tamarack 7 10 -285 140 442 26 --149 -25 -36 ----236 8 22 7 --13 111 26 66 ----1,713 4,242 45,288 11,061 48,178 110,483 3,432 456 1,022 1,386 735 233 350 30,168 2,195 547 892 -41,415 ---14 ---6 433 625 484 --208 588 6,751 417 1,220 9,184 2,609 432 333 333 15 -11 1,454 204 11 393 -5,794 --------313 -208 --- Forest Survey Unit and county 1 Aspen-Birch Carlton Cook Koochiching Lake St. Louis Total Northern Pine Aitkin Becker Beltrami Cass Clearwater Crow Wing Hubbard Itasca Lake of the Woods Mahnomen Roseau Wadena Total Central Hardwood Anoka Benton Chisago Dakota Douglas Goodhue Hennepin Isanti Kanabec Mille Lacs Morrison Olmsted Otter Tail All species 73,252 38,978 336,703 114,251 555,419 1,118,603 119,240 69,273 182,166 200,472 68,960 86,755 115,270 382,170 64,332 16,255 35,892 15,840 1,356,626 513 554 1,918 14 12 799 595 2,133 30,121 27,028 26,849 1,066 28,672 Balsam fir 10,586 4,682 31,530 10,183 44,314 101,296 5,031 853 5,256 5,940 2,673 1,098 667 53,210 4,791 128 612 -80,259 147 ------13 57 25 251 --- Jack pine 4,110 248 5,608 2,264 15,900 28,129 1,214 1,370 1,468 7,463 1,684 4,551 3,905 7,243 1,204 501 517 1,342 32,461 85 -35 --241 48 102 745 -808 1,042 -- Red pine 935 7 -800 2,676 4,417 1,734 424 203 3,328 4 1,825 169 2,206 25 26 -575 10,518 261 268 618 --383 435 907 1,427 13 922 24 24 Ash 490 16 350 1,877 466 3,198 -178 703 123 245 -178 205 ----1,632 --129 ----------- Aspen 47,127 27,649 215,773 72,420 373,042 736,010 99,095 62,460 145,310 157,850 56,640 74,938 101,868 250,800 49,415 14,573 30,325 13,742 1,057,016 11 263 302 -12 162 -1,080 26,436 26,273 23,660 -28,215 Balsam poplar 1,398 195 28,469 2,321 21,572 53,955 1,835 920 16,865 4,006 2,948 61 1,301 15,858 6,328 325 3,118 89 53,655 --------12 3 59 -406 Pine Rice Sherburne Stearns Todd Wabasha Winona Total Prairie Kittson Marshall Norman Pennington Polk Red Lake Total State total 116,207 44 6,708 13 6,376 1,611 1,548 252,777 21,281 20,622 7,725 9,300 9,150 3,998 72,077 2,800,083 2,055 -28 -30 --2,607 53 13 ----67 184,229 1,278 -1,406 -521 279 110 6,700 119 30 ----149 67,439 3,061 44 2,960 -283 113 930 12,674 -------27,610 14 -365 --16 255 903 -------1,581 842 -893 -214 60 88 3,659 52 13 --27 -92 155,648 313 ------833 20 5 ----25 15,836 249 -123 --4 18 523 96,515 -202 13 5,320 1,119 22 209,604 919 ---8 --1,407 -20,286 751 -17,979 2,577 -7,665 45 -9,188 112 -8,812 311 -3,992 6 -67,923 3,802 5,353 2,070,552 112,819 (Table 6 continued on next page) 45 46 (Table 6 continued) Forest Survey Unit and county 1 Aspen-Birch Carlton Cook Koochiching Lake St. Louis Total Northern Pine Aitkin Becker Beltrami Cass Clearwater Crow Wing Hubbard Itasca Lake of the Woods Mahnomen Roseau Wadena Total Central Hardwood Anoka Benton Chisago Dakota Douglas Goodhue Hennepin Isanti Kanabec Mille Lacs Morrison Olmsted Otter Tail Basswood 67 ---38 105 -290 1,240 385 635 -307 376 ----3,233 --67 ----------White birch 3,722 1,310 2,919 11,149 40,845 59,946 4,264 1,891 9,767 19,509 3,381 4,023 6,514 19,454 170 145 34 93 69,245 --------298 89 456 -26 Yellow birch 194 ----194 ---------------194 ----------Species group Hard Hickory maple 9 ----9 ---------------9 ----------1,160 5 --1,890 3,056 -------15 ----15 --197 ----------Soft maple 1,269 26 13 1,476 5,137 7,922 -------1,147 ----1,147 --101 -----335 ----Red oak 214 ---* 214 ---------------214 ----------White oak 9 ----9 ---------------9 ----------Other hardwoods 24 ----24 ---------------24 ----------- Elm 10 ----10 ---------------10 ----------- Pine 333 4,151 194 Rice ---Sherburne -441 -Stearns ---Todd -* -Wabasha -14 -Winona -64 -Total 400 5,537 388 Prairie Kittson ---Marshall -5 -Norman -15 -Pennington ---Polk ---Red Lake ---Total -20 -State total 3,739 134,748 582 * Less than 1/2 cord. 1 Includes only those counties that supplied pulpwood in 1998. 10 ------20 -------30 9 ------19 -------28 2,453 -38 --1 5 2,694 -------5,765 3,564 -197 --6 28 4,232 -------13,301 214 -43 ---21 491 -------704 9 -14 ---7 39 -------49 24 ------48 -------72 47 Forest Survey Unit and county 1 Northeastern Florence Forest Langlade Lincoln Marinette Menominee Oconto Oneida Shawano Vilas Total Northwestern Ashland Barron Bayfield Burnett Douglas Iron Polk Price Rusk Sawyer Taylor Washburn Total Central Adams Chippewa Clark Eau Claire Jackson Juneau Marathon Marquette Monroe Portage Waupaca Waushara Wood Total 48 Table 7.--Pulpwood production from roundwood by Forest Survey Unit, county, and species group, Wisconsin, 1998 (In standard cords, unpeeled) Species group Red White pine pine 6,533 4,157 3,529 2,808 14,464 10,811 2,741 13,800 5,874 9,210 73,927 1,387 1,159 9,774 3,965 16,353 976 1,348 1,874 751 2,229 1,673 7,487 48,977 20,575 1,766 3,054 3,600 8,348 10,457 7,333 9,705 25,622 13,198 9,626 22,751 3,796 139,830 522 414 676 798 1,360 1,665 317 3,134 334 2,244 11,462 705 108 1,057 238 294 10 66 964 224 1,596 58 587 5,907 3,899 401 1,909 464 3,432 844 446 955 6,510 1,748 899 2,382 1,552 25,441 All species 52,328 114,257 125,202 92,984 100,266 84,265 37,749 113,214 33,991 119,891 874,145 75,412 21,361 168,469 63,242 156,131 147,367 22,580 91,137 59,169 173,026 62,157 78,621 1,118,673 84,871 28,906 91,522 24,096 49,416 51,250 92,646 13,788 71,122 50,898 21,593 32,968 38,545 651,621 N. whitecedar 37 ----427 ----464 ---------------------------Balsam fir 1,742 5,507 6,728 3,361 3,131 4,029 2,002 5,986 106 3,679 36,271 3,263 63 4,639 303 13,042 4,861 70 7,409 328 5,061 2,274 193 41,506 --3 -20 -346 31 16 54 33 -9 513 Hemlock 4,877 2,098 875 685 522 5,626 117 646 323 192 15,962 331 116 54 7 10 532 -3,454 45 446 1,032 -6,029 -32 14 -16 -797 --354 11 -96 1,320 Jack pine 5,395 551 1,213 2,403 19,265 8,353 1,682 4,528 197 20,059 63,646 1,460 497 20,096 19,706 27,747 761 5,406 4,083 201 1,559 18 14,552 96,087 36,824 517 3,869 2,501 10,824 20,034 1,290 1,243 22,927 6,059 437 2,943 3,447 112,916 Spruce 632 3,193 1,640 1,177 742 1,730 1,474 4,515 100 2,869 18,072 2,662 32 1,857 262 2,057 1,424 27 2,540 185 3,897 500 402 15,846 -43 65 77 79 -858 42 31 645 132 36 595 2,603 Tamarack 223 1,474 152 966 303 353 72 993 13 1,178 5,727 409 -113 32 263 100 -1,732 138 477 359 303 3,925 -48 -149 20 --48 54 36 14 64 -433 Ash 786 4,344 4,779 3,990 1,163 1,806 325 4,394 857 3,451 25,896 2,649 439 3,375 538 1,301 6,380 268 4,406 2,377 8,733 2,934 858 34,260 170 718 3,276 805 884 396 4,727 55 578 425 455 264 552 13,303 Aspen 17,371 39,754 47,707 41,446 34,211 27,377 20,476 29,367 18,427 37,253 313,389 35,549 13,089 81,569 27,878 61,026 66,794 12,237 20,347 25,810 60,217 24,319 39,737 468,572 5,977 14,476 41,991 6,483 11,400 2,082 33,847 361 4,207 22,692 5,187 1,267 21,051 171,020 Balsam poplar 641 1,353 393 40 1,150 504 632 132 14 213 5,073 42 * 548 2 848 121 * 48 7 20 12 1 1,649 -1 4 * 1 -37 * * 2 1 -1 48 Southwestern Buffalo Crawford Dunn Grant Iowa La Crosse Lafayette Pepin Pierce Richland Sauk St Croix Trempealeau Vernon Total Southeastern Brown Calumet Columbia Dane Dodge Door Fond Du Lac Green Lake Jefferson Kenosha Kewaunee Manitowoc Outagamie Ozaukee Racine Rock Sheboygan Walworth Washington Waukesha Winnebago Total State total 5,119 230 18,686 7,447 1,126 8,112 10 1,468 1,556 1,350 10,987 11,089 14,114 5,820 87,115 1,805 985 14,116 496 232 3,610 227 536 1,104 214 788 1,567 1,226 59 141 275 1,474 2,354 1,118 436 360 33,124 2,764,677 -------------------------------------464 --13 14 -------155 --181 15 ----49 -----18 ---------82 78,553 --42 --16 --------57 -----------------14 ---14 23,381 46 -1,240 113 -3,738 ---6 976 1,878 145 59 8,200 58 19 889 38 -56 --------------138 1,198 282,048 500 -4,605 5,735 220 2,815 --695 342 5,227 3,310 5,802 2,744 31,994 330 -7,289 82 28 476 -157 731 147 616 438 60 -37 103 516 1,961 469 89 161 13,690 308,419 266 -1,401 318 453 679 --270 360 1,744 455 2,733 1,965 10,645 --1,229 75 13 661 -41 323 38 -509 54 50 104 172 471 306 335 161 39 4,579 58,034 79 -22 214 185 11 --16 30 817 125 325 414 2,238 --66 82 180 72 --13 29 11 381 ----410 37 314 32 -1,625 40,383 -------------------------------14 ----14 10,099 50 6 402 99 -41 1 37 27 11 71 120 307 11 1,185 3,688 -6,201 5 -480 -934 303 477 161 3,104 2,726 368 18,447 * ------4 1 --4 1 -10 49 761 21 36 465 4 140 932 -18 44 --7 -23 1,000 119 13 29 -8 56 -5 -----3 138 -9 141 -78 467 -1 --------9 --4 -----14 24 -3 --412 4,063 144 75,056 975,491 6,924 (Table 7 continued on next page) 49 (Table 7 continued) Species group Forest Survey Unit and county 1 Northeastern Florence Forest Langlade Lincoln Marinette Menominee Oconto Oneida Shawano Vilas Total Northwestern Ashland Barron Bayfield Burnett Douglas Iron Polk Price Rusk Sawyer Taylor Washburn Total Central Adams Chippewa Clark Eau Claire Jackson Juneau Marathon Marquette Monroe Portage Waupaca Waushara Wood Total Basswood 577 1,858 2,812 3,517 1,098 227 578 4,668 68 2,994 18,398 366 131 2,568 153 546 4,881 71 3,488 1,803 2,034 1,092 328 17,460 33 772 779 177 297 106 601 33 222 191 111 105 146 3,573 Beech 316 758 844 13 631 296 212 144 43 198 3,455 69 4 1 --546 -24 25 19 73 1 762 --16 1 --302 --1 9 -5 334 White birch 3,253 8,753 11,899 7,455 4,893 1,576 1,856 12,389 835 12,606 65,515 7,836 1,941 19,181 2,822 18,219 7,454 1,538 11,716 5,986 27,880 6,364 3,927 114,863 184 2,649 7,266 1,642 1,050 304 3,681 27 414 785 337 80 2,040 20,460 Yellow birch 496 2,339 3,272 4,122 991 1,112 301 3,439 361 2,921 19,354 790 228 1,758 266 199 5,800 69 2,643 1,031 2,260 1,124 256 16,424 75 527 1,420 416 732 296 2,152 63 580 171 276 322 178 7,206 Cottonwood 1 10 25 42 1 2 3 66 * 36 185 2 * 36 1 2 30 * 50 782 3 168 1 1,076 -544 81 * 1 -7 * * 3 1 -1 639 Elm 300 4,970 1,330 675 107 1,573 31 293 1,072 539 10,891 2,170 139 237 35 53 4,952 13 958 1,440 1,002 2,411 66 13,476 5 382 709 62 55 19 9,136 8 35 48 290 20 166 10,936 Hickory -13 63 175 2 1 -125 1 105 485 3 6 54 9 1 176 2 94 28 16 20 7 417 3 20 37 13 30 13 14 3 26 3 7 15 1 186 Hard maple 3,923 15,563 17,443 8,091 7,334 8,169 2,278 11,159 2,433 9,036 85,428 7,470 1,225 8,887 1,504 3,905 20,107 501 11,590 7,417 24,991 8,539 2,476 98,611 529 1,933 9,133 2,110 2,038 1,046 12,701 106 1,275 1,181 1,219 507 1,529 35,308 Soft maple 3,645 14,199 15,100 5,082 7,115 7,952 2,299 7,761 2,352 6,581 72,086 6,880 1,206 7,650 3,099 9,410 14,495 673 9,350 7,734 23,725 7,407 4,845 96,474 463 2,319 7,145 1,498 1,377 852 11,910 69 900 934 1,165 338 1,094 30,064 Red oak 577 1,807 3,089 4,977 910 258 141 4,301 371 3,446 19,878 922 771 3,598 1,686 575 5,463 222 3,368 2,242 4,649 1,284 2,203 26,982 13,401 1,278 7,629 2,768 6,865 11,534 1,814 784 5,973 1,644 1,016 1,455 1,505 57,666 White oak 275 628 816 637 399 129 52 832 193 605 4,566 407 183 1,195 708 264 701 61 662 511 2,026 406 362 7,485 2,722 421 2,980 1,286 1,863 3,232 585 245 1,681 707 346 381 766 17,215 Other hardwoods 205 514 816 523 476 287 160 542 14 476 4,014 39 22 223 29 17 802 7 337 104 184 91 28 1,884 9 60 141 44 86 35 64 8 69 17 21 38 15 608 50 Southwestern Buffalo 33 -105 Crawford 1 -16 Dunn 89 -1,005 Grant --103 Iowa ---La Crosse 20 -3 Lafayette --3 Pepin 243 -2 Pierce 44 -43 Richland 1 -28 Sauk 19 -102 St Croix 252 -739 Trempealeau 175 -51 Vernon 1 -27 Total 878 -2,227 Southeastern Brown 248 -14 Calumet 242 --Columbia 18 -275 Dane 7 -43 Dodge 4 --Door 76 34 360 Fond Du Lac 1 -27 Green Lake 3 -5 Jefferson --7 Kenosha ---Kewaunee --2 Manitowoc --16 Outagamie 24 1 20 Ozaukee --* Racine ---Rock ---Sheboygan 4 --Walworth --2 Washington ---Waukesha 1 -29 Winnebago --1 Total 627 35 801 State total 40,935 4,586 203,867 * Less than 1/2 cord. 1 Includes only those counties that supplied pulpwood in 1998. 53 2 233 2 -61 -55 18 3 43 74 427 3 974 59 54 43 4 -42 4 9 2 -1 1 66 * --13 2 -4 1 304 44,263 * ------4 1 --4 1 -11 4 4 -------------------9 1,919 3 -29 4 -3 -3 2 1 4 8 23 1 81 3 3 7 1 --1 * ----38 ---1 --1 -55 35,439 2 -8 --3 -3 1 -1 3 20 -40 3 3 1 ----* ----2 ---1 ----9 1,137 99 19 1,060 388 -66 3 58 63 32 191 297 518 31 2,825 95 55 416 49 -289 37 14 12 -9 27 182 3 --13 13 -40 8 1,264 223,436 60 13 988 384 -35 2 30 41 23 143 369 293 22 2,403 71 28 320 34 -317 29 9 11 -10 23 172 4 --7 15 -32 9 1,090 202,118 101 115 942 46 238 109 1 75 25 23 1,135 138 485 118 3,550 60 59 1,696 15 -9 57 157 1 --3 53 ---14 --5 -2,130 110,205 26 59 382 23 30 24 -10 5 11 348 39 31 56 1,045 4 3 791 5 -1 29 75 1 --2 2 ---1 --3 -918 31,229 6 -25 --8 -11 3 -5 13 52 -124 11 11 4 --25 -1 ----6 ---2 ----60 6,691 51 52 Table 8.--Number of industrial pulp or particleboard plants in the Lake States by product form, species group used, and State, 1998 Product form Total State and species group Lake States Michigan Minnesota Roundwood Softwoods Northern white-cedar 2 2 -Balsam fir 17 4 5 Hemlock 6 1 -Jack pine 12 3 4 Red pine 13 4 4 White pine 9 2 2 Spruce 17 3 7 Tamarack 6 1 1 Total plants using softwoods 1 23 5 9 Hardwoods Ash 16 7 2 Aspen 40 10 15 Balsam poplar 17 7 8 Basswood 15 9 1 Beech 8 7 -White birch 23 9 7 Yellow birch 10 6 -Cottonwood 3 1 -Elm 5 1 -Hickory 3 2 -Hard maple 17 9 1 Soft maple 19 10 1 Red oak 13 7 -White oak 7 3 -Other hardwoods 5 3 -Total plants using hardwoods 1 45 11 15 Total plants using roundwood 1 47 12 16 Residues Softwood 11 2 3 Hardwood 18 6 4 Total plants using residues 1 20 6 5 Total plants 1 49 12 16 1 Some plants use more than one species, so numbers in columns are not additive. Wisconsin -8 5 5 5 5 7 4 9 7 15 2 5 1 7 4 2 4 1 7 8 6 4 2 19 19 6 8 9 21 Table 9.--Average daily production of active woodpulp mills in the Lake States by State, company, location, and type of pulp produced, 1998 (In tons per 24 hours) Average daily production 250 1,140 8 1,760 660 304 517 593 5,232 500 964 242 850 321 100 240 100 110 520 3,947 79 348 161 208 197 1,045 170 390 75 230 232 230 1,378 403 265 285 143 5,839 15,018 Type of pulp Groundwood/ Semimechanical chemical 250 -------250 500 --321 100 -100 110 -1,131 -348 161 208 197 ---75 -232 ------1,221 2,602 ----660 -517 593 1,770 -----------79 -----------1,378 ----1,457 3,227 State and company Michigan ABT Co. Champion International Corp. Johnson Controls Mead Corp. Menasha Corp. SAPPI / S. D. Warren Co. Smurfit-Stone Container Corp. Tenneco Packaging Total Minnesota Blandin Paper Co. Boise Cascade Corp. Certain-Teed Corp. Champion International Corp. Consolidated Papers, Inc. Georgia-Pacific Corp. Georgia-Pacific Corp. Hennepin Paper Co. International Bildrite, Inc. Potlatch Corp. Total Wisconsin Appleton Papers, Inc. Consolidated Papers, Inc. Consolidated Papers, Inc. Consolidated Papers, Inc. Consolidated Papers, Inc. Consolidated Papers, Inc. Fraser Papers, Inc. Georgia-Pacific Corp. Georgia-Pacific Corp. Georgia-Pacific Corp. Georgia-Pacific Corp. Globe Building Materials, Inc. Tenneco Packaging Thilmany Paper Wausau-Mosinee Paper Corp. Wausau-Mosinee Paper Corp. Weyerhaeuser Paper Co. Total Lake States total Location Alpena Quinnesec Battle Creek Escanaba Otsego Muskegon Ontonagon Filer City 8 mills Grand Rapids International Falls Shakepee Sartell Duluth Bemidji Duluth Little Falls International Falls Cloquet 10 mills Combined Locks Biron Kimberly Niagara Stevens Point Wisconsin Rapids Park Falls Nekoosa Phillips Port Edwards Superior Cornell Tomahawk Kaukauna Brokaw Mosinee Rothschild 17 mills 35 mills Sulfite --------------------------170 --230 ----265 -143 808 808 Kraft -1,140 -1,760 -304 --3,204 -964 -------520 1,484 -----1,045 -390 -----403 -285 -2,123 6,815 Thermochemical ---------------240 ---240 ------------------240 Thermomechanical --8 -----8 --242 850 ------1,092 -----------230 -----230 1,326 53 54 Table 10.--Annual production of active particleboard and panel mills in the Lake States by State, company, location, and product produced, 1998 (In million square feet 3/4-inch basis) State and company Michigan Georgia-Pacific Corp. Louisiana-Pacific Corp. Louisiana-Pacific Corp. Weyerhaeuser Co. Total Minnesota Louisiana-Pacific Corp. Northwood Panelboard Co. Potlatch Corp. Potlatch Corp. Potlatch Corp. Trus Joist MacMillan Total Wisconsin Louisiana-Pacific Corp. Louisiana-Pacific Corp. Rodman Industries Weyerhaeuser Co. Total Lake States total Product produced Particleboard Oriented strand board Oriented strand board Oriented strand board Annual production 240 61 180 200 681 61 198 480 241 340 n/a 1,320 250 55 15 79 399 2,400 Location Gaylord Newberry Sagola Grayling 4 mills Two Harbors Solway Bemidji Cook Grand Rapids Deerwood 6 mills Hayward Tomahawk Marinette Marshfield 4 mills 14 mills Oriented strand board Oriented strand board Oriented strand board Oriented strand board Oriented strand board Laminated structural lumber Oriented strand board Oriented strand board Particleboard Particleboard 55 56 Table 11.--Production and imports of pulpwood, Central States, 19981 (In standard cords, unpeeled) Product form, species group, and destination Roundwood Softwoods Lake States Northeastern States Southern States Total Soft hardwoods3 Central States Northeastern States Southern States Total Hard hardwoods4 Central States Northeastern States Southern States Total Total all roundwood Central States Lake States Northeastern States Southern States Total Residues Softwoods Central States Southern States Total Hardwoods Central States Lake States Northeastern States Southern States Total Production by State2 Illinois Indiana Iowa Missouri Regional total Imports Lake Other States U.S. Total imports Total receipts 582 -7,179 7,761 5,396 -7,712 13,108 2,564 -25,317 27,881 7,960 582 -40,208 48,750 -3,953 -3,953 9,737 117 2,209 12,063 19,896 53 14,031 33,980 29,633 -4,124 16,240 49,996 2,930 --2,930 4,634 --4,634 2,018 --2,018 6,652 2,930 --9,582 --4,036 4,036 1,436 -3,233 4,670 325 -61,993 62,318 1,761 --69,262 71,023 3,513 3,953 11,214 18,680 21,203 117 13,154 34,474 24,802 53 101,341 126,197 46,005 3,512 4,124 125,710 179,351 ------------------ ------------------ ------------------ ----21,203 --21,203 24,802 --24,802 46,005 ---46,005 ---12,442 --18,166 30,608 -270 270 37,953 14,896 1,503 78,045 132,397 15,120 -15,120 7,359 1,994 --9,353 -22,786 22,786 11,219 --71,169 82,389 15,120 23,056 38,176 68,974 16,890 1,503 167,380 254,747 ---1,492 ---1,492 6,480 -64,480 ------ 6,480 -64,480 1,492 ---1,492 21,600 -21,600 70,466 ---70,466 Total all residues Central States 12,442 37,953 22,479 11,219 84,094 1,492 6,480 Lake States -14,896 1,994 -16,890 --Northeastern States -1,503 --1,503 --Southern States 18,166 78,316 -93,955 190,437 --Total 30,608 132,668 24,473 105,174 292,923 1,492 6,480 Total all wood material Central States 20,402 67,586 29,131 12,980 130,100 1,492 6,480 Lake States 582 14,896 4,924 -20,402 --Northeastern States -5,626 --5,626 --Southern States 58,374 94,555 -163,217 316,146 --Total 79,359 182,664 34,055 176,197 472,274 1,492 64,480 1 Table may not add due to rounding. 2 Vertical columns of figures under the box heading "Production by State" present the amount of roundwood cut or residue generated in each State. 3 Hardwood species with an average specific gravity of 0.50 of less. 4 Hardwood species with an average specific gravity greater than 0.50. 7,972 ---7,972 7,972 ---7,972 92,066 ---92,066 138,071 ---138,071 57 58 Table 12.--Central States pulpwood production by State and destination, 1994-1998 (In thousand standard cords, unpeeled) Illinois Destination Central Other Year Total States States 1994 76 33 43 1995 81 33 48 1996 95 53 41 1997 70 21 49 1998 79 20 59 * Less than 500 standard cords. Indiana Destination Central Other Total States States 147 51 96 310 212 98 149 44 105 175 70 105 183 68 115 Iowa Destination Central Other States States 22 * 22 2 22 1 31 4 29 5 Missouri Central States 19 12 11 11 13 Other States 69 101 115 122 163 Total 22 23 23 35 34 Total 88 113 126 133 176 Table 13.--Trends in receipts of roundwood and residue as pulpwood, Central States, 1994-1998 (In thousand standard cords, unpeeled) Product form and State Roundwood Indiana, Iowa, Missouri Residue Indiana, Iowa, Missouri All wood material 1994 42 86 127 1995 54 243 297 1996 62 70 132 1997 58 83 142 1998 46 92 138 Table 14.--Average daily production of active woodpulp mills in the Central States by company, location, and type of pulp produced, 1998 (In tons per 24 hours) Average daily production 561 118 80 120 879 Type of pulp Groundwood/ SemiMechanical chemical -561 -118 80 -120 -200 679 Company International Paper Four M Paper Corp. Jeld-Wen Fiber of Iowa Huebert Fiberboard Co. Central States total Location Terre Haute, Indiana Fort Madison, Iowa Dubuque, Iowa Boonville, Missouri 4 mills 59 Piva, Ronald J. 2002. Pulpwood production in the North-Central Region, 1998. Resour. Bull. NC-207. St. Paul, MN: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, North Central Research Station. 59 p. Discusses 1998 production and receipts and recent production for other years in the Lake, Central, and Plains States. Shows Michigan, Minnesota, and Wisconsin production by species for each county and compares production by Forest Survey Unit with that of previous years. Presents 1998 production and receipt data for Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, and Missouri by species group and product form. Incudes the Plains States 1998 production and receipts by species group and product form. KEY WORDS: Roundwood, whole-tree chips, residue, pulpwood, particleboard, Michigan, Minnesota, Wisconsin, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Missouri, Plains States. 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