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Occupational Safety and Health Admin., Labor § 1910.262
(6) Guillotine-type cutters. (i) Each cordance with paragraph (b)(3) of this
guillotine-type cutter shall be equipped section.
with a control which requires the oper- (iii) Mechanical lifting devices shall
ator and his helper, if any, to use both be provided for placing and removing
hands to engage the clutch. rolls from the machine.
(ii) Each guillotine-type cutter shall (10) Control panels. The requirements
be equipped with a nonrepeat device. of paragraph (k)(22) of this section
(iii) Carriers shall be provided and shall apply.
used for transportation of guillotine- (11) Roll-type embosser. The nipping
type cutter knives. point located on the operator’s side
(7) Rotary cutter. (i) On single-knife shall be guarded by either automatic or
machines a guard shall be provided at a manually operated barrier guards
point of contact to the knife. interlocked with the drive.
(ii) On duplex cutters the protection (12) Sorting and counting tables. (i) Ta-
required for single-knife machines bles shall be smooth and free from
shall be provided for the first knife, splinters, with edges and corners
and a hood shall be provided for the rounded.
second knife. (ii) Paddles shall be smooth and free
(iii) Safe access shall be provided to from splinters.
the knives of a rotary cutter by means (13) Roll splitters. The nip point and
of catwalks with nonslip surfaces, rail- cutter knife shall be guarded by either
ings, and toeboards in accordance with automatic or manually operated bar-
paragraph (b)(3) of this section. rier guards.
(m) Materials handling—(1) Hand
(iv) A guard shall be provided for the
trucks. No person shall be permitted to
spreader or squeeze roll at the nip side
ride on a powered hand truck unless it
on sheet cutters.
is so designed by the manufacturer. A
(v) Electrically or manually operated
limit switch shall be on operating han-
quick power disconnecting devices with
dle—30 degrees each way from a 45-de-
adequate braking action shall be pro-
gree angle up and down.
vided on all operating sides of the ma-
(2) [Reserved]
chine within easy reach of all opera-
(3) Cartons. The carton-stitching ma-
tors.
chine shall be guarded to prevent the
(vi) The outside slitters shall be operator from coming in contact with
guarded. the stitching head.
(8) Platers. (i) A guard shall be ar- (4) [Reserved]
ranged across the face of the rolls to (5) Unloading cars. Flag signals, de-
serve as a warning that the operator’s rails, or other protective devices shall
hand is approaching the danger zone. be used to protect men during switch-
(ii) A quick power disconnecting de- ing operations. The blue flag policy
vice shall be installed on each machine shall be invoked according to para-
within easy reach of the operator. graph (c)(9)(i) of this section.
(9) Finishing room rewinders. (i) The
nipping points of all drum winders and [39 FR 23502, June 27, 1974, as amended at 40
FR 23073, May 28, 1975; 43 FR 49751, Oct. 24,
rewinders located on the operator’s
1978; 49 FR 5323, Feb. 10, 1984; 55 FR 32015,
side shall be guarded by either auto- Aug. 6, 1990; 61 FR 9241, Mar. 7, 1996; 63 FR
matic or manually operated barrier 1285, Jan. 8, 1998; 63 FR 33467, June 18, 1998]
guards of sufficient height to protect
fully anyone working around them. § 1910.262 Textiles.
The barrier guard shall be interlocked (a) Application requirements—(1) Appli-
with the drive mechanism to prevent cation. The requirements of this sub-
operating above jog speed without the part for textile safety apply to the de-
guard in place. sign, installation, processes, operation,
A zero speed switch should be installed and maintenance of textile machinery,
to prevent the guard from being raised equipment, and other plant facilities in
while the roll is turning. all plants engaged in the manufacture
(ii) A nonskid surface shall be pro- and processing of textiles, except those
vided in front of the rewinder to pre- processes used exclusively in the manu-
vent an employee from slipping in ac- facture of synthetic fibers.
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§ 1910.262 29 CFR Ch. XVII (7–1–03 Edition)
(2) Standards incorporated by reference. thick foundation material, usually
Standards covering issues of occupa- made of textile fabrics, through which
tional safety and health which are of are pressed many fine, closely spaced,
general application without regard to specially bent wires.
any specific industry are incorporated (9) Comber. A comber is a machine for
by reference in paragraphs of this sec- combing fibers of cotton, wool, etc. The
tion and made applicable to textiles. essential parts are a device for feeding
All such standards shall be construed forward a fringe of fibers at regular in-
according to the rules of construction tervals and an arrangement of combs
set out in § 1910.5. or pins which, at the right time, pass
(b) Definitions applicable to this sec- through the fringe. All tangled fibers,
tion—(1) Belt shifter. A belt shifter is a short fibers, and neps are removed and
device for mechanically shifting a belt the long fibers are laid parallel.
from one pulley to another. (10) Combing machinery. Combing ma-
(2) Belt shifter lock. A belt shifter lock chinery is a general classification, in-
is a device for positively locking the cluding combers, sliver lap machines,
belt shifter in position while the ma- ribbon lap machines, and gill boxes,
chine is stopped and the belt is idling but excluding cards.
on the loose pulleys. (11) Cutter (rotary staple). A rotary
(3) Calender. A calender in essence staple cutter is a machine consisting of
consists of a set of heavy rollers one or more rotary blades used for the
mounted on vertical side frames and purpose of cutting textile fibers into
arranged to pass cloth between them. staple lengths.
Calenders may have two to ten rollers, (12) Exposed to contact. Exposed to con-
or bowls, some of which can be heated. tact shall mean that the location of an
(4) Embossing calender. An embossing object, material, nip point, or point of
calender is a calender with two or more operation is such that a person is liable
rolls, one of which is engraved for pro- to come in contact with it in his nor-
ducing figured effects of various kinds mal course of employment.
on a fabric. (13) Garnett machine. A Garnett ma-
(5) Cans (drying). Drying cans are hol- chine means any of a number of types
low cylindrical drums mounted in a of machines for opening hard twisted
frame so they can rotate. They are waste of wool, cotton, silk, etc. Essen-
heated with steam and are used to dry tially, such machines consist of a
fabrics or yarn as it passes around the lickerin; one or more cylinders, each
perimeter of the can. having a complement worker and strip-
(6) Carbonizing. Carbonizing means the per rolls; and a fancy roll and doffer.
removing of vegetable matter such as The action of such machines is some-
burns, straws, etc., from wool by treat- what like that of a wool card, but it is
ment with acid, followed by heat. The much more severe in that the various
undesired matter is reduced to a car- rolls are covered with garnett wire in-
bon-like form which may be removed stead of card clothing.
by dusting or shaking. (14) Gill box. A gill box is a machine
(7) Card. A card machine consists of used in the worsted system of manufac-
cylinders of various sizes—and in cer- turing yarns. Its function is to arrange
tain cases flats—covered with card the fibers in parallel order. Essentially,
clothing and set in relation to each it consists of a pair of feed rolls and a
other so that fibers in staple form may series of followers where the followers
be separated into individual relation- move at a faster surface speed and per-
ship. The speed of the cylinders and form a combing action.
their direction of rotation varies. The (15) Interlock. An interlock is a device
finished product is delivered as a sliv- that operates to prevent the operation
er. Cards of different types are: The re- of machine while the cover or door of
volving flat card, the roller-and-clearer the machine is open or unlocked, and
card, etc. which will also hold the cover or door
(8) Card clothing. Card clothing is the closed and locked while the machine is
material with which many of the sur- in motion.
faces of a card are covered; e.g., the (16) Jig (dye). A dye jig is a machine
cylinder, doffer, etc. It consists of a for dyeing piece goods. The cloth, at
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Occupational Safety and Health Admin., Labor § 1910.262
full width, passes from a roller through picker waste cleaners, thread extrac-
the dye liquor in an open vat and is tors, shredding machines, roving waste
then wound on another roller. The op- openers, shoddy pickers, bale breakers,
eration is repeated until the desired feeders, vertical openers, lattice clean-
shade is obtained. ers, horizontal cleaners, and any simi-
(17) Kier. A kier is a large metal vat, lar machinery equipped with either
usually a pressure type, in which fab- cylinders, screen section, calender sec-
rics may be boiled out, bleached, etc. tion, rolls, or beaters used for the prep-
(18) Lapper (ribbon). A ribbon lapper is aration of stock for further processing.
a machine used to prepare laps for (26) Paddler. A paddler consists of a
feeding a cotton comb; its purpose is to trough for a solution and two or more
provide a uniform lap in which the fi- squeeze rolls between which cloth
bers have been straightened as much as passes after being passed through a
possible. mordant or dye bath.
(19) Lapper (sliver). A sliver lapper is a (27) Point of operation. Point of oper-
machine in which a number of parallel ation shall mean that part of the ma-
card slivers are drafted slightly, laid chine where the work of cutting, shear-
side by side in a compact sheet, and ing, squeezing, drawing, or manipu-
wound into a cylindrical package. lating the stock in any other way is
(20) Loom. A loom is a machine for ef- done.
fecting the interlacing of two series of
(28) Printing machine (roller type). A
yarns crossing one another at right an-
roller printing machine is a machine con-
gles. The warp yarns are wound on a
sisting of a large central cylinder, or
warp beam and pass through heddles
pressure bowl, around the lower part of
and reed. The filling is shot across in a
the perimeter of which is placed a se-
shuttle and settled in place by reed and
lay, and the fabric is wound on a cloth ries of engraved color rollers (each hav-
beam. ing a color trough), a furnisher roller,
(21) Mangle (starch). A starch mangle is doctor blades, etc. The machine is used
a mangle that is used specifically for for printing fabrics.
starching cotton goods. It commonly (29) Ranges (bleaching continuous).
consists of two large rolls and a shal- Continuous bleaching ranges are of sev-
low open vat with several immersion eral types and may be made for cloth
rolls. The vat contains the starch solu- in rope or open-width form. The goods,
tion. after wetting out, pass through a
(22) Mangle (water). A water mangle is squeeze roll into a saturator con-
a calender having two or more rolls taining a solution of caustic soda and
used for squeezing water from fabrics then to an enclosed J-box. A V-shaped
before drying. Water mangles also may arrangement is attached to the front
be used in other ways during the fin- part of the J-box for uniform and rapid
ishing of various fabrics. saturation of the cloth with steam be-
(23) Mule. A mule is a type of spinning fore it is packed down in the J-box. The
frame having a head stock and a car- cloth, in a single strand rope form,
riage as its two main sections. The passes over a guide roll down the first
head stock is stationary. The carriage arm of the ‘‘V’’ and up the second.
is movable and it carries the spindles Steam is injected into the ‘‘V’’ at the
which draft and spin the roving into upper end of the second arm so that the
the yarn. The carriage extends over the cloth is rapidly saturated with steam
whole width of the machine and moves at this point. The J-box capacity is
slowly toward and away from the head such that cloth will remain hot for a
stock during the spinning operation. sufficient time to complete the scour-
(24) Nip. Nip shall mean the point of ing action. It then passes a series of
contact between two in-running rolls. washers with a squeeze roll in between.
(25) Openers and pickers. Openers and The cloth then passes through a second
pickers means a general classification set of saturator, J-box, and washer,
which includes breaker pickers, inter- where it is treated with the peroxide
mediate pickers, finisher pickers, sin- solution. By slight modification of the
gle process pickers, multiple process form of the unit, the same process can
pickers, willow machines, card and be applied to open-width cloth.
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§ 1910.262 29 CFR Ch. XVII (7–1–03 Edition)
(30) Range (mercerizing). A mercerizing clips of fine pins and carried on tracks.
range consists generally of a 3-bowl The cloth is firmly held at the selvages
mangle, a tenter frame, and a number by the two chains which diverge as
of boxes for washing and scouring. The they move forward so that the cloth is
whole setup is in a straight line and all brought to the desired width.
parts operate continuously. The com- (37) Warper. A warper is any machine
bination is used to saturate the cloth for preparing and arranging the yarns
with sodium hydroxide, stretch it while intended for the warp of a fabric, spe-
saturated, and washing out most of the cifically, a beam warper.
caustic before releasing tension. (c) General safety requirements—(1)
(31) Sanforizing machine. A sanforizing Means of stopping machines. Every tex-
machine is a machine consisting of a tile machine shall be provided with in-
large steam-heated cylinder, an end- dividual mechanical or electrical
less, thick, woolen felt blanket which means for stopping such machines. On
is in close contact with the cylinder for machines driven by belts and shafting,
most of its perimeter, and an elec- a locking-type shifter or an equivalent
trically heated shoe which presses the positive device shall be used. On oper-
cloth against the blanket while the lat- ations where injury to the operator
ter is in a stretched condition as it might result if motors were to restart
curves around feed-in roll. after power failures, provision shall be
(32) Shearing machine. A shearing ma- made to prevent machines from auto-
chine is a machine used in shearing matically restarting upon restoration
cloth. Cutting action is provided by a of power.
number of steel blades spirally mount- (2) Handles. Stopping and starting
ed on a roller. The roller rotates in handles shall be designed to the proper
close contact with a fixed ledger blade. length to prevent the worker’s hand or
There may be from one to six such roll- fingers from striking against any re-
ers on a machine. volving part, gear guard, or any other
(33) Singeing machine. A singeing ma- part of the machine.
chine is a machine used particularly
(3)–(4) [Reserved]
with cotton; it comprises of a heated
(5) Inspection and maintenance. All
roller, plate, or an open gas flame. The
guards and other safety devices, includ-
material is rapidly passed over the
ing starting and stopping devices, shall
roller or the plate or through the open
be properly maintained.
gas flame to remove, fuzz or hairiness
on yarn or cloth by burning. (6) Lighting. Lighting shall conform
(34) Slasher. A slasher is a machine to American National Standard A11.1—
used for applying a size mixture to 1965, which is incorporated by reference
warp yarns. Essentially, it consists of a as specified in § 1910.6.
stand for holding section beams, a size (7) Identification of piping systems.
box, one or more cylindrical dryers or Identification of piping systems shall
an enclosed hot air dryer, and a beam- conform to American National Stand-
ing end for finding the yarn on the ard A13.1—1956, which is incorporated
loom beams. by reference as specified in § 1910.6.
(35) Solvent (industrial organic). Indus- (8) Identification of physical hazards.
trial organic solvent means any organic Identification of physical hazards shall
volatile liquid or compound, or any be in accordance with the requirements
combination of these substances which of § 1910.144.
are used to dissolve or suspend a non- (9) Steam pipes. All pipes carrying
volatile or slightly volatile substance steam or hot water for process or serv-
for industrial utilization. It shall also icing machinery, when exposed to con-
apply to such substances when used as tact and located within seven feet of
detergents or cleansing agents. It shall the floor or working platform shall be
not apply to petroleum products when covered with a heat-insulating mate-
such products are used as fuel. rial, or otherwise properly guarded.
(36) Tenter frame. A tenter frame is a (d) Openers and pickers—(1) Beater
machine for drying cloth under ten- guards. When any opening or picker
sion. It essentially consists of a pair of machinery is equipped with a beater,
endless traveling chains fitted with such beater shall be provided with
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Occupational Safety and Health Admin., Labor § 1910.262
metal covers which will prevent con- (h) Slashers—(1) Cylinder dryers—(i)
tact with the beater. Such covers shall Reducing valves, safety valves, and pres-
be provided with an interlock which sure gages. Reducing valves, safety
will prevent the cover from being valves, and pressure gages shall con-
raised while the machine is in motion form to the ASME Pressure Vessel
and prevent the operation of the ma- Code, Section VIII, Unfired Pressure
chine while the cover is open. Vessels, 1968, which is incorporated by
(2) Cleanout holes. Cleanout holes reference as specified in § 1910.6.
within reaching distance of the fan or (ii) Vacuum relief valves. Vacuum re-
picker beater shall have their covers lief valves shall conform to the ASME
securely fastened and they shall not be Code for Pressure Vessels, Section VIII,
opened while the machine is in motion. Unfired Pressure Vessels, 1968.
(3) Feed rolls. The feed rolls on all (iii) Lever control. When slashers are
opening and picking machinery shall operated by control levers, these levers
be covered with a guard designed to shall be connected to a horizontal bar
prevent the operator from reaching the or treadle located not more than 69
nip while the machinery is in oper- inches above the floor to control the
ation. operation from any point.
(4) Removal of foreign ferrous material. (iv) Pushbutton control. Slashers oper-
All textile opener lines shall be ated by pushbutton control shall have
equipped with magnetic separators, stop and start buttons located at each
tramp iron separators, or other means end of the machine, and additional but-
for the removal of foreign ferrous ma- tons located on both sides of the ma-
terial. chine, at the size box and the delivery
(e) Cotton cards—(1) Enclosures. Cyl- end. If calender rolls are used, addi-
inder and lickerins shall be completely tional buttons shall be provided at
protected and the doffers should be en- both sides of the machine at points
closed. near the nips, except when slashers are
(2) Enclosure fastenings. The enclo- equipped with an enclosed dryer.
sures or covers shall be kept in place (v) Nip guards. All nip guards shall
while the machine is in operation, ex- comply with the requirements of para-
cept when stripping or grinding. graph (h)(2)(iv) of this section.
(3) Stripping rolls. On operations call- (vi) Cylinder enclosure. When enclo-
ing for flat strippings which are al- sures or hoods are used over cylinder
lowed to fall on the doffer cover, where drying rolls, such enclosures or hoods
such strippings are removed by hand, shall be provided with an exhaust sys-
the doffer cover shall be kept closed tem which will effectively prevent wet
and securely fastened to prevent the air and steam from escaping into the
opening of the cover while the machine workroom.
is in operation. When it becomes nec- (vii) Expansion chambers. Slasher ket-
essary to clean the cards while they tles and cookers shall be provided with
are in motion, a long-handled brush or expansion chambers in the covers, or
dust mop shall be used. drains, to prevent surging over. Steam-
(f) Garnett machines—(1) Lickerin. Gar- control valves shall be so located that
nett lickerins shall be enclosed. they can be operated without exposing
(2) Fancy rolls. Garnett fancy rolls the worker to moving parts, hot sur-
shall be enclosed by covers. These shall faces, or steam.
be installed in a way that keeps worker (2) Enclosed hot air dryer—(i) Lever
rolls reasonably accessible for removal control. When slashers are operated by
or adjustment. control levers, these levers shall be
(3) Underside of machine. The under- connected to a horizontal bar or trea-
side of the garnett shall be guarded by dle located not more than 69 inches
a screen mesh or other form of enclo- above the floor to control the oper-
sure to prevent access. ation from any point.
(g) Spinning mules—A substantial (ii) Push-button control. Slashers op-
fender of metal or hardwood shall be erated by push-button control shall
installed in front of the carriage have one start button at each end of
wheels, the fender to extend to within the machine and stop buttons shall be
one-fourth inch of the rail. located on both sides of the machines
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§ 1910.262 29 CFR Ch. XVII (7–1–03 Edition)
at intervals spaced not more than 6 prevent the worker’s fingers from being
feet on centers. Inching buttons should caught in the pins of the intersecting
be installed. fallers.
(iii) Dryer enclosure. The dryer enclo- (2) Nip guards. All nip guards shall
sure shall be provided with an exhaust comply with the requirements of para-
system which will effectively prevent graph (h)(2)(iv) of this section.
wet air and steam from escaping into (l) Heavy draw boxes, finishers, and
the workroom. speeders used in worsted drawing—(1)
(iv) Nip guards. All nip guards shall Band pulley covers. Covers for band pul-
comply with Table R–1. leys shall be closed when the machine
is in motion.
TABLE R–1—GUARD OPENINGS (2) Benches or working platforms.
[Openings in the guard or between the guard and working Branches or working platforms ap-
surface shall not be greater than the following]
proximately 10 inches in height and 8
Maximum inches in width should be installed
Distance of opening from nip point width of
opening along the entire running length of the
machine for the worker to stand on
0 to 11⁄2 ................................................................ ⁄
14
while creeling the machine. Such
11⁄2 to 21⁄2 ............................................................ ⁄
38
21⁄2 to 31⁄2 ............................................................ ⁄
12 benches or platforms shall be covered
31⁄2 to 51⁄2 ............................................................ 5⁄8 with an abrasive or nonslip material.
51⁄2 to 61⁄2 ............................................................ 3⁄4
(m) Sliver and ribbon lappers (cotton).
61⁄2 to 71⁄2 ............................................................ 7⁄8
71⁄2 to 81⁄2 ............................................................ 11⁄4
Cover guard. An interlocking cover
guard shall be installed over the large
The measurements in Table R–1 are all in inches.
calender drums and the lap spool, de-
(v) Expansion chambers. Slasher ket- signed to prevent the operator from
tles and cookers shall be provided with coming in contact with the nip.
expansion chambers in the covers, or (n) Looms—(1) Shuttle guard. Each
drains, to prevent surging over. Steam loom shall be equipped with a guard de-
control valves shall be so located that signed to minimize the danger of the
they can be operated without exposing shuttle flying out of the shed.
the worker to moving parts, hot sur- (2) Protection for loom fixer. Provisions
faces, or steam. shall be made so that every loom fixer
(i) Warpers—(1) Swiveled double-bar can prevent the loom from being start-
gates. Swiveled double-bar gates shall ed while he is at work on the loom.
be installed on all warpers operating in This may be accomplished by means of
excess of 450 yards per minute. These a lock, the key to which is retained in
gates shall be so interlocked that the the possession of the loom fixer, or by
machine cannot be operated until the some other effective means to prevent
gate is in the ‘‘closed position,’’ except starting the loom.
for the purpose of inching or jogging. (o) Shearing machines. All revolving
(2) Closed position. Closed position blades on shearing machines shall be
shall mean that the top bar of the gate guarded so that the opening between
shall be at least 42 inches from the the cloth surface and the bottom of the
floor or working platform; and the guard will not exceed three-eighths
lower bar shall be at least 21 inches inch.
from the floor or working platform; (p) Continuous bleach range (cotton
and the gate shall be located 15 inches and rayon)—(1) J-box protection. Each
from the vertical tangent to the beam valve controlling the flow of steam, in-
head. jurious gases, or liquids into a J-box
(j) Drawing frames, slubbers, roving shall be equipped with a chain, lock,
parts, cotton combers, ring spinning and key, so that any worker who enters
frames, twisters. Gear housing covers on the J-box can lock the valve and retain
all installations of drawing frames, the key in his possession. Any other
slubbers, roving frames, cotton comb- method which will prevent steam, inju-
ers, ring spinning frames, and twisters rious gases, or liquids from entering
shall be equipped with interlocks. the J-box while the worker is in it will
(k) Gill boxes—(1) Pin guard. A guard be acceptable.
shall be placed ahead of the feed end (2) Open-width bleaching. The nip of
and shall be so designed that it will all in-running rolls on open-width
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Occupational Safety and Health Admin., Labor § 1910.262
bleaching machine rolls shall be pro- ments of paragraph (h)(2)(iv) of this
tected with a guard to prevent the section.
worker from being caught at the nip. (w) Drying cans—(1) Pressure reducing
The guard shall extend across the en- valves and pressure gages. Pressure re-
tire length of the nip. ducing valves and pressure gages shall
(q) Kiers—(1) Reducing valves, safety conform to the ASME Code for Pres-
valves, and pressure gages. Reducing sure Vessels, Section VIII, 1968, Unfired
valves, safety valves, and pressure Pressure Vessels.
gages shall conform to the ASME Code (2) Vacuum collapse. If cans are not
for Unfired Pressure Vessels, Section designed to prevent vacuum collapse,
VIII, Unfired/Pressure Vessels, 1968. each can shall be equipped with one or
(2) Kier valve protection. Each valve more vacuum relief valves with open-
controlling the flow of steam, injurious ings of sufficient size to prevent the
gases, or liquids into a kier shall be collapse of the can if vacuum occurs.
equipped with a chain, lock, and key, (x) Flat-work ironer—(1) Feed rolls.
so that any worker who enters the kier The feed rolls shall be guarded to con-
can lock the valve and retain the key form to § 1910.264.
in his possession. Any other method (2) Pressure rolls. Pressure rolls shall
which will prevent steam, injurious be covered or guarded to conform to
gases, or liquids from entering the kier § 1910.264.
while the worker is in it will be accept-
(y) Extractors—(1) Centrifugal extrac-
able.
tor—(i) Cover. Each extractor shall be
(r) Gray and white bins. On new in-
equipped with a metal cover.
stallations guard rails conforming to
(ii) Interlocking device. Each extractor
§ 1910.23 shall be provided where work-
shall be equipped with an interlocking
ers are required to plait by hand from
device that will prevent the cover from
the top of the bin so as to protect the
being opened while the basket is in mo-
worker from falling to a lower level.
tion, and also prevent the power oper-
(s) Mercerizing range (piece goods)—(1)
ation of the basket while the cover is
Stopping devices. A stopping device
open.
shall be provided at each end of the
machine. (iii) Brakes. Each extractor shall be
(2) Frame ends. A guard shall be in- equipped with a mechanically or elec-
stalled at each end of the frame be- trically operated brake to quickly stop
tween the in-running chain and the clip the basket when the power driving the
opener, to prevent the worker’s fingers basket is shut off.
from being caught. (iv) Maximum allowable speed. Each
(3) Mangle and washers. The nip at centrifugal extractor shall be effec-
the in-running rolls shall conform to tively secured in position on the floor
§ 1910.264. or foundation so as to eliminate unnec-
(t) Tenter frames—(1) Stopping devices. essary vibration, and should not be op-
A stopping device shall be provided at erated at a speed greater than the man-
each end of the machine. ufacturer’s rating, which shall be
(2) Frame ends. A guard shall be in- stamped where easily visible in letters
stalled at each end of the frame at the not less than one-quarter inch in
in-running chain and clip opener. height. The maximum allowable speed
(3) Oil cups. Oil cups shall be safely shall be given in revolutions per
located to permit easy access. minute (rpm).
(u) Dyeing jigs—(1) Stopping devices. (2) Engine drum extractor—Over-speed
Each dye jig shall be equipped with in- governor. Each engine individually
dividual mechanical or electrical driving an extractor shall be provided
means for stopping the machine. with an approved engine stop and speed
(2) Roll arms. Roll arms on jigs shall limit governor.
be built to allow for extra large (3) Squeezer or wringer extractor—Nip
batches, and to prevent the center bar guards. All nip guards shall comply
from being forced off, causing the with the requirements of paragraph
batch to fall. (h)(2)(iv) of this section.
(v) Padders—Nip guards. All nip (z) Nip guards. All nip guards for
guards shall comply with the require- water mangle, starch mangle, back-
717
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§ 1910.262 29 CFR Ch. XVII (7–1–03 Edition)
washer (worsted yarn) crabbing ma- Individual discs for each nip will be ac-
chines, decating machines, shall com- ceptable.
ply with the requirements of paragraph (ee) Calenders. The nip at the in-run-
(h)(2)(iv). ning side of the rolls shall be provided
(aa) Sanforizing and palmer machine. A with a guard extending across the en-
safety trip rod, cable, or wire center tire length of the nip and arranged to
cord shall be provided across the front prevent the fingers of the workers from
and back of all palmer cylinders ex- being pulled in between the rolls or be-
tending the length of the face of the tween the guard and the rolls, and con-
cylinder. It shall operate readily structed so that the cloth can be fed
whether pushed or pulled. This safety into the rolls safely.
trip shall be not more than 72 inches (ff) Rotary staple cutters. A guard shall
above the level on which the operator be installed completely enclosing the
stands and shall be readily accessible. cutters to prevent the hands of the op-
(bb) Rope washers—(1) Splash guard. erator from reaching the cutting zone.
Splash guards shall be installed on all (gg) [Reserved]
rope washers unless the machine is so (hh) Hand bailing machine. An angle-
designed as to prevent the water or liq- iron-handle stop guard shall be in-
uid from splashing the operator, the stalled at the right angle to the frame
floor, or working surface. of the machine. The stop guard shall be
so designed and so located that it will
(2) Safety stop bar. A safety trip rod,
prevent the handle from traveling be-
cable or wire center cord shall be pro-
yond the vertical position should the
vided across the front and back of all
handle slip from the operator’s hand
rope washers extending the length of
when the pawl has been released from
the face of the washer. It shall operate
the teeth of the takeup gear.
readily whether pushed or pulled. This
(ii) Roll bench. Cleats shall be in-
safety trip shall be not more than 72
stalled on the ends of roll benches.
inches above the level on which the op-
(jj) Cuttle or swing folder (overhead
erator stands and shall be readily ac-
type). The bottom of the overhead fold-
cessible.
ers shall be located not less than 7 feet
(cc) Laundry washer tumbler or shak- from the floor or working surface.
er—(1) Interlocking device. Each drying (kk) Color-mixing room. Floors in
tumbler, each double cylinder shaker color-mixing rooms shall be con-
or clothes tumbler, and each washing structed to drain easily.
machine shall be equipped with an (ll) Open tanks and vats for mixing and
interlock device which will prevent the storage of hot or corrosive liquids—Shut-
power operation of the inside cylinder off valves. Boiling tanks, caustic tanks,
when the outer door on the case or and hot liquid containers, so located
shell is open, and which will also pre- that the operator cannot see the con-
vent the outer door on the case or shell tents from the floor or working area,
from being opened without shutting off shall have emergency shutoff valves
the power. controlled from a point not subject to
(2) Means of holding covers or doors in danger of splash. Valves shall conform
open position. Each enclosed barrel to the ASME Pressure Vessel Code, sec-
shall also be equipped with adequate tion VIII, Unfired Pressure Vessels,
means for holding open the doors or 1968.
covers of the inner and outer cylinders (mm) Dye kettles and vats—Pipes or
or shells while it is being loaded or un- drains of sufficient capacity to carry
loaded. the contents safely away from the
(dd) Printing machine (roller type)—(1) working area shall be installed where
Nip guards. All nip guards shall comply there are dye kettles and vats which
with the requirements of paragraph may at any time contain hot or corro-
(h)(2)(iv) of this section. sive liquids. These shall not empty di-
(2) Crown wheel and roller gear nip pro- rectly onto the floor.
tection. The engraved roller gears and (nn) Acid carboys. Carboys shall be
the large crown wheel shall be provided provided with inclinators, or the acid
with a protective disc which will en- shall be withdrawn from the carboys by
close the nips of the in-running gears. means of pumping without pressure in
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Occupational Safety and Health Admin., Labor § 1910.263
the carboy, or by means of hand oper- (b) Wherever a flour-handling system
ated siphons. is of such size that the beginning of its
(oo) Handling caustic soda and caustic operation is far remote from its final
potash. Means shall be provided for delivery end, all electric motors oper-
handling and emptying caustic soda ating each apparatus comprising this
and caustic potash containers to pre- system shall be controlled at each of
vent workers from coming in contact two points, one located at each remote
with the caustic (see paragraph (qq) of end, either of which will stop all mo-
this section). tors.
(pp) First aid. Wherever acids or (c) [Reserved]
caustics are used, provision shall be (d) Control circuits for magnetic con-
made for a copious and flowing supply trollers shall be so arranged that the
of fresh, clean water. opening of any one of several limit
switches, which may be on an indi-
[39 FR 23502, June 27, 1974, as amended at 40
vidual unit, will serve to de-energize
FR 23073, May 28, 1975; 49 FR 5324, Feb. 10,
1984; 61 FR 9241, Mar. 7, 1996; 63 FR 33467, all of the motors of that unit.
June 18, 1998] (ii) [Reserved]
(2) Bag chutes and bag lifts (bag-arm
§ 1910.263 Bakery equipment. elevators). (i) Bag chutes (gravity
chutes for handling flour bags) shall be
(a) General requirements—(1) Applica-
so designed so as to keep to a minimum
tion. The requirements of this section
the speed of flour bags. If the chute in-
shall apply to the design, installation,
clines more than 30° from the hori-
operation and maintenance of machin-
zontal, there shall be an upturn at the
ery and equipment used within a bak-
lower end of the chute to slow down
ery.
the bags.
(2) [Reserved]
(ii) Bag-arm elevators with manual
(b) [Reserved] takeoff shall be designed to operate at
(c) General machine guarding. a capacity not exceeding seven bags per
(1) [Reserved] minute. The arms on the conveyor
(2) Gears. All gears shall be com- chain shall be so spaced as to obtain
pletely enclosed regardless of location. the full capacity of the elevator with
(3) Sprockets and V-belt drives. Sprock- the lowest possible chain speed. There
ets and V-belt drives located within shall be an electric limit switch at the
reach from platforms or pasageways or unloading end of the bag-arm elevator
located within 8 feet 6 inches from the so installed as to automatically stop
floor shall be completely enclosed. the conveyor chain if any bag fails to
(4) [Reserved] clear the conveyor arms.
(5) Lubrication. Where machinery (iii) [Reserved]
must be lubricated while in motion, (iv) Man lifts shall be prohibited in
stationary lubrication fittings inside a bakeries. Bag or barrel lifts shall not
machine shall be provided with exten- be used as man lifts.
sion piping to a point of safety so that (3) Dumpbin and blender.
the employee will not have to reach (i)–(iv) [Reserved]
into any dangerous part of the machine (v) All dumpbin and blender hoods
when lubricating. shall be of sufficient capacity to pre-
(6)–(7) [Reserved] vent circulation of flour dust outside
(8) Hot pipes. Exposed hot water and the hoods.
steam pipes shall be covered with insu- (vi) All dumpbins shall be of a suit-
lating material wherever necessary to able height from floor to enable the op-
protect employee from contact. erator to dump flour from bags, with-
(d) Flour-handling equipment—(1) Gen- out causing undue strain or fatigue.
eral requirements for flour handling. (i) Where the edge of any bin is more than
Wherever any of the various pieces of 24 inches above the flour, a bag rest
apparatus comprising a flour-handling step shall be provided.
system are run in electrical unity with (vii) A control device for stopping the
one another the following safeguards dumpbin and blender shall be provided
shall apply: close to the normal location of the op-
(a) [Reserved] erator.
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