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United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service North Central Research Station Resource Bulletin NC-265 Pulpwood Production in the North-Central Region, 2004 Ronald J. Piva North Central Research Station Forest Service—U.S. Department of Agriculture 1992 Folwell Avenue St. Paul, Minnesota 55108 2006 www.ncrs.fs.fed.us Table of Contents Lake States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Production ...............................................3 Receipts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10 Industry Trends and Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11 Central States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16 Production . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16 Receipts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18 Industry Trends and Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18 Plains States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19 Production . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19 Appendix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Conversion Factors Used In The North-Central Region . . . . . . . . . . . . .20 Table Titles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21 Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23 Pulpwood Production in the North-Central Region, 2004 Ronald J. Piva NOTE: This report includes all primary products made from reconstituted wood fiber. In addition to wood pulp, this includes particleboard and engineered lumber products made from chips, shavings, wafers, flakes, strands, and sawdust. This report presents the production of the raw fiber material delivered to mills. Thus, these data report only that portion of the timber harvest used as raw material and do not necessarily reflect the volume of growing stock harvested. Pulpwood constitutes more than half the industrial timber products harvested annually in the Lake States (Michigan, Minnesota, and Wisconsin) and is an important product in the Central States (Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, and Missouri) and the Plains States (Kansas, Nebraska, North Dakota, and South Dakota). Current detailed information about pulpwood production1 is necessary for intelligent planning and decisionmaking in wood procurement, forest resource management, forest industry development, and scientific studies. Since 1979, logs, bolts, and wood residue used in manufacturing flakeboard, waferboard, oriented strandboard, and medium density fiberboard have been included in this annual report. Engineered lumber was first included in this report in 1992. Together, these products are called particleboard, and all mills manufacturing these boards are called particleboard mills in this report. Wood used at particleboard mills is identical or nearly identical to wood used at pulp mills; therefore, including this wood in our study provides a more accurate estimate of demand for pulpwood-like material. Particleboard mills were in their infancy before 1979 and used primarily aspen and wood residue. Therefore, data for these mills do not distort roundwood use trends for other species or preclude comparing 2004 survey results with those of 1978 and previous years. Pulp and particleboard mills using timber from the North Central States in 2004 reported their pulpwood receipts2 by species group and county of origin. This report presents the results of the survey, analyzes the data, compares results with those of 2003 and earlier years, and discusses trends in pulpwood production and use. The Lake States, Central States, and Plains States are discussed separately because the timber types in each area are different, the flow of wood between the areas is nominal, and more detailed data on pulpwood production and receipts in the Central and Plains States might reveal the operations of individual mills. This is the 46th Ronald J. Piva, Forester, received a B.S. in forest management from the University of MissouriColumbia. He joined the Forest Service in 1987 and has been working with the North Central Station’s Forest Inventory and Analysis unit since. 1 Pulpwood production, determined from mill receipts, is the annual volume of pulpwood cut, plus the annual wood residue volume produced by sawmills, veneer mills, etc. used for pulp, particleboard, waferboard, oriented strandboard, medium density fiberboard, or engineered lumber. 2 Pulpwood receipts are the volumes of wood received by mills in a specific State or region, regardless of the geographic source. 1 annual report of the pulpwood harvest in Lake States counties, the 45th annual report of the Central States harvest, and the 12th report of the pulpwood harvest in the Plains States. Several mills purchase their pulpwood based on weight rather than volume. Factors used to convert green tons of pulpwood to standard cord equivalents are shown in the appendix. When new surveys are completed, errors and omissions from previous surveys are corrected. As a result of our ongoing efforts to improve the survey’s efficiency and reliability, changes may have been made to the previous survey’s data. All comparisons and analysis in this report are based on the reprocessed data from earlier surveys, which may not match earlier published data. 2 LAKE STATES PRODUCTION • Softwood roundwood production remained at 1.7 million cords. Pulpwood production from softwood residues increased by more than 12 percent to 511 thousand cords in 2004. • Hardwood roundwood production increased by almost 5 percent, for 6.8 million cords in 2003 to 7.1 million cords in 2004. From 2003 to 2004, pulpwood production from hardwood residues decreased by almost 12 percent. • Whole-tree chip (WTC) production, at 799 thousand cords, made up 8 percent of the total pulpwood production in the Lake States in 2004—an increase of more than 40 percent from 2003 (fig. 2). • Aspen was the predominant species used in WTC in 2004 with 252 thousand cords or 32 include slabs, edgings, veneer cores, sawdust, fines, woodflour, and chips manufactured from slabs, edgings, and veneer cores. 5 Pulpwood produced from chipping entire trees (all portions of the trees above ground, except the stumps). 5 • Pulpwood production in the Lake States rose 3 from 9.5 million cords in 2003 to 9.8 million cords in 2004, an increase of more than 3 percent. Overall, 90 percent came from roundwood (including chips from roundwood) and 4 10 percent came from the residue of woodusing plants. • Aspen remained the dominant species harvested for pulpwood in the Lake States in 2004 with 3.6 million cords or 41 percent of the total roundwood. Other important species harvested for pulpwood in 2004 were soft maple (937 thousand cords), hard maple (883 thousand cords), white birch (629 thousand cords), jack pine (517 thousand cords), and balsam fir (324 thousand cords) (table 1 and fig. 1). 3 All references to cords are in standard cords. A standard cord is 128 cubic feet of wood, bark, and air space. 4 Residue is the byproduct from sawmills, veneer mills, cooperage mills, and other wood-using mills that is used for pulping and particleboard. Residues 2003 4,000 2004 Thousand Standard Cords 3,500 3,000 2,500 2,000 1,500 1,000 500 0 Figure 1.—Lake States pulpwood production by species group and residues, 2003-2004. Balsam fir Hard maple Soft maple Other softwoods White birch Species Group Other hardwoods Hardwood residues Jack pine Softwood residues Aspen 3 Thousand Standard Cords Figure 2.—Wholetree chip production in the Lake States, 2000-2004. Aspen 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 2000 Maples Other hardwoods Softwoods 2001 2002 Year 2003 2004 percent of the total WTC production. Jack pine, at 109 thousand cords, was the predominant softwood species used in WTC in 2004 and accounted for 14 percent of the total WTC production. • Michigan was the major producer of WTC in the Lake States in 2004 with 487 thousand cords (61 percent of the WTC production) (fig. 3). Michigan • The total output of wood material for pulpwood production in Michigan increased by 4 percent, from 3.0 million cords in 2003 to 3.1 million cords in 2004. Pulpwood production from roundwood increased by 6 percent while Aspen Maples production from residues decreased by almost 9 percent (fig. 4 and tables 2 and 3). • The Western Upper Peninsula remained the top pulpwood-producing region in the State in 2004 with 39 percent of the total roundwood harvested (fig. 5 and tables 4 and 5). Minnesota • Pulpwood production increased by 76 thousand cords, almost 3 percent, between 2003 and 2004. Roundwood pulpwood production increased by almost 2 percent, and pulpwood produced from mill residues increased by more than 23 percent (fig. 6). Other hardwoods Softwoods Thousand Standard Cords Figure 3.—Whole-tree chip production by State in the Lake States, 2004. 150 125 100 75 50 25 0 Michigan Minnesota State Wisconsin 4 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 1,000 Thousand Standard Cords 800 600 400 200 0 Aspen Maples Other hardwoods Pine Other softwoods Residues Figure 4.—Michigan pulpwood production by species group and residues, 2000-20004. Species Group E. Upper Peninsula 450 400 W. Upper Peninsula N. Lower Peninsula S. Lower Peninsula Thousand Standard Cords 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 Aspen Maples Other hardwoods Species Group Pine Other softwoods Figure 5.—Michigan roundwood pulpwood production by Forest Survey Unit and species groups, 2004. Aspen 2,500 Thousand Standard Cords Other hardwoods Spruce-fir Other softwoods Residues 2,000 1,500 1,000 500 0 2000 2001 2002 Year 2003 2004 Figure 6.—Minnesota pulpwood production by species group and residues, 2000-2004. 5 • Aspen accounted for 62 percent of all the roundwood harvested for pulpwood in Minnesota in 2004. • The Aspen-Birch and the Northern Pine Forest Survey Units were the top pulpwood-producing roundwood regions in the State in 2004, each supplying 1.3 million cords of roundwood for pulp (fig. 7 and table 6). Wisconsin • Pulpwood production in Wisconsin increased by 4 percent, from 3.5 million cords in 2003 to 3.7 million cords in 2004. Pulpwood production from roundwood increased by 4 percent, and production from residues increased by 2 percent (fig. 8). Figure 7.—Minnesota roundwood pulpwood production by Forest Survey Unit and species group, 2004. Aspen-Birch 1,000 • The Northwestern and Northeastern Forest Survey Units remained the top producers of roundwood for pulping in the State with 1.3 million cords and 1.2 million cords, respectively (fig. 9 and table 7). Harvesting Intensity • In the following figures, the distribution of the harvest is shown in two ways: first, the amount of pulpwood cut relative to the growing-stock volume in each of five major pulpwood species (fig. 10); second, the amount of pulpwood relative to commercial timberland area (fig. 11). Northern Pine Central Hardwoods Prairie Thousand Standard Cords 800 600 400 200 0 Aspen Other hardwoods Spruce-fir Other softwoods Species Group Thousand Standard Cords Figure 8.—Wisconsin pulpwood production by species group and residues, 2000-2004. 2000 1,200 1,000 800 600 400 200 0 Aspen 2001 2002 2003 2004 Maples 6 Other Pine hardwoods Species Group Other softwoods Residues Northeastern 500 Northwestern Central Southwestern Southeastern Thousand Standard Cords 400 300 200 100 0 Aspen Maples Other hardwoods Species Group Pine Other softwoods Figure 9.—Wisconsin roundwood pulpwood production by Forest Survey Unit and species group, 2004. Figure 10.—Cords of roundwood pulpwood (including chips from roundwood) harvested per 1,000 cords of growing-stock volume for each of five principal pulpwood species by Forest Survey Unit, 2004. 7 8 9 Figure 11.—Cords of pulpwood cut per 1,000 acres of timberland by county, 2004. Locations of active pulp and particleboard mills are shown. RECEIPTS • In 2004, 29 wood pulp and 15 particleboard mills in the Lake States acquired 10.2 million cords of pulpwood, an increase of 3 percent from the year before. Aspen roundwood was processed at 35 of the 44 pulp and particleboard plants in 2004 (table 8). • In 2004, Michigan supplied wood to 35 mills, Wisconsin supplied 34 mills, and Minnesota supplied 24 mills. • Imports of roundwood to Lake States pulp and particleboard mills increased by 5 percent, while mill residue imports decreased by 15 percent between 2003 and 2004. Total imports of all wood material in 2004 were 484 thousand cords, an increase of 3 percent from 2003. Canada contributed 94 percent of the total imports. Michigan • The seven Michigan pulp mills, three OSB mills, one particleboard mill, and one molded strandwood mill consumed almost 3.1 million cords in 2004, just 12 thousand cords more than in the previous year. Twelve percent of the total wood material consumed was imported from out of State. Wisconsin supplied 70 percent of the imported wood material. Minnesota • The eight pulp mills, five OSB mills, and one laminated structural lumber mill in Minnesota consumed 3.5 million cords in 2004, an increase of almost 4 percent from 2003. Pulp and particleboard mills in Minnesota acquired 19 percent of their raw material from out-ofState sources. Wisconsin supplied almost half of the imported wood material. 10 Wisconsin • The 14 pulp mills, 2 OSB mills, and 2 particleboard mills in Wisconsin consumed 3.6 million cords in 2004, an increase of 5 percent from 2003. Almost 15 percent of the total receipts were imported. Of the total wood material imported, 55 percent was brought in from Michigan. INDUSTRY TRENDS AND ANALYSIS Pulp Mills For this section, pulp mill products include wood fiber products such as paper, paperboard, hardboard, insulation board, and medium-density fiberboard. All of these products are manufactured from wood that has been reduced to individual fibers, small fiber bundles, or fiber parts that are subsequently formed into a mat. Wood material from the Lake States sent to mills in other States and Canada is included. • Of the 9.8 million cords of pulpwood produced in the Lake States in 2004, 7.1 million cords (72 percent) were used for wood pulp products. Overall, 88 percent came from roundwood and 12 percent came from mill residues. • Principal species harvested for pulp in the Lake States in 2004 were aspen (1.8 million cords), hard maple (843 thousand cords), soft maple (834 thousand cords), and white birch (501 thousand cords) (fig. 12). • Hardwoods were still the mainstay of the pulp mills in the region in 2004: hardwood roundwood contributed more than 68 percent of total raw material, and hardwood residues supplied another 6 percent. 2000 2,500 2001 2002 2003 2004 Thousand Standard Cords 2,000 1,500 1,000 500 0 Aspen Maples Other hardwoods Pine Spruce-fir Other softwoods Residues Figure 12.— Pulpwood production in the Lake States for pulp by species group and residues, 20002004 Species Group 11 Table A.—Lake States pulpwood production for pulp mills during 2000-2004 Product form and species group Roundwood Softwoods Aspen Other hardwoods Residues Total 1,674 2,057 2,385 852 6,968 1,658 1,707 2,320 804 6,488 1,500 1,854 2,573 825 6,753 1,480 1,588 2,744 880 6,693 1,391 1,768 3,086 832 7,077 2000 Production 2001 2002 2003 - - - - - - - -(Thousand cords)- - - - - - - 2004 • Hardwood roundwood harvested from the Lake States for pulp mills increased by 12 percent between 2003 and 2004, while Lake States softwood roundwood production decreased by 6 percent. Softwood residues generated by Lake States primary wood-processing facilities, and used by pulp mills, increased by 5 percent, and hardwood residues decreased by almost 15 percent during the same period. • Average daily wood pulp production in 2004 remained at the 2003 level of 14.7 thousand tons of pulp per day (table 9). • Lake States pulpwood production for pulp mills during 2000-2004 is shown in table A on the top of this page. Michigan • Michigan produced 2.2 million cords of wood material for wood pulp in 2004, an increase of 4 percent from 2003 (fig. 13). • Aspen, soft maple, and hard maple were the major pulpwood species groups harvested in the State in 2004. All together, these three species groups accounted for more than 60 percent of the total roundwood harvested. • Michigan wood pulp mills imported 242 thousand cords of pulpwood, mostly from Wisconsin. Michigan exported almost 380 thousand cords to wood pulp mills in Minnesota, Wisconsin, and Canada. Thousand Cubic Feet Figure 13.— Pulpwood production in the Lake States for pulp by State, 2003-2004. Softwood roundwood 2,500 Hardwood roundwood Softwood residues Hardwood residues 2,000 1,500 1,000 500 0 2003 Michigan State 2004 2003 Minnesota 2004 2003 Wisconsin 12 Minnesota • Pulpwood production for wood pulp totaled 1.7 million cords in 2004, an increase of almost 8 percent from 2003. • In 2004, aspen remained the predominant species harvested in the State with 756 thousand cords or almost half of the total roundwood produced. Other major species harvested were spruce with 163 thousand cords and balsam fir with 160 thousand cords. • Pulp mills in Minnesota imported 537 thousand cords of wood material from Michigan, Wisconsin, and Canada. Minnesota exported 117 thousand cords to pulp mills in Wisconsin and Canada. Wisconsin • Pulpwood production for wood pulp products increased by 6 percent to 3.2 million cords in 2004. • Aspen was the main species harvested with 627 thousand cords. Other major species harvested were hard maple (458 thousand cords), soft maple (409 thousand cords), white birch (273 thousand cords), and red pine (221 thousand cords). • Wisconsin mills imported 454 thousand cords of pulpwood: 303 thousand cords from Michigan, 93 thousand cords from Minnesota, 3 thousand cords from other States, and 55 thousand cords from Canada. Wisconsin exported 327 thousand cords to Minnesota, 212 thousand cords to Michigan, and 4 thousand cords to other States. Particleboard Mill Particleboard is a generic term for a panel manufactured from lignocellulosic material—commonly wood—essentially in the form of particles (as distinct from fibers). These materials are bonded together with synthetic resin or other suitable binder under heat and pressure by a process wherein the inter-particle bonds are created wholly by the added binder. Other materials may have been added during manufacture to improve certain properties. The many types of particleboard differ greatly in the size and geometry of the particle, the amount of resin (adhesive) used, and the density to which the panel is pressed. Products included in the particleboard group include particleboard, waferboard, oriented strandboard (OSB), and engineered lumber. The major types of particles used for particleboard are shavings, flakes, wafers, chips, sawdust, strands, slivers, and wood wool (excelsior). Much of the particleboard in the U.S. is made from residues (shavings, sawdust, or chips). Waferboard, OSB, and engineered lumber are examples of products requiring that the particles be cut from solid wood (saw logs or pulpwood). Wood material from the Lake States sent to mills in other States and Canada is included. • The Lake States produced 2.7 million cords of pulpwood in 2004 for particleboard products, down by 2 percent from 2003 (fig. 14). • Twelve of the fifteen Lake States mills in the particleboard category were OSB or engineered wood product mills that require particles to be cut from roundwood. Hence, for every cord of pulpwood used in particleboard manufacture, 94 percent came from roundwood. • Principal species harvested for particleboard products were aspen (1.8 million cords), jack pine (233 thousand cords), white birch (128 thousand cords), and soft maple (103 thousand cords). 13 Thousand Standard Cords Figure 14.—Pulpwood production for particleboard in the Lake States, 2000-2004. Aspen 2,500 2,000 1,500 1,000 500 0 2000 Other hardwoods Softwoods Residues 2001 2002 Year 2003 2004 • In 2004, the Lake States produced 316 thousand cords of softwood roundwood and 2.3 million cords of hardwood roundwood for processing at particleboard plants. Less than 1 percent of the roundwood harvested in the Lake States for particleboard production was exported to other States. • The Lake States in 2004 produced 80 thousand cords of softwood residues and 75 thousand cords of hardwood residues for use in particleboard production. Between 2003 and 2004, the use of residues for particleboard production increased by more than 35 percent. • Annual production at Lake States particleboard plants fell from 2,125 million square feet 3/4-inch basis in 2003 to 2,064 million square feet 3/4-inch basis in 2004 (table 10). • Lake States pulpwood production for particleboard mills during 2000-2004 is shown in table B. Michigan • The production of wood material for particleboard production in Michigan increased by 3 percent from 2003 to 2004, rising from 891 thousand cords in 2003 to 918 thousand cords in 2004 (fig. 15). • In 2004, the harvest of roundwood from Michigan forest land provided 823 thousand cords of wood for particleboard products, of which almost 80 percent were hardwoods. Residues from Michigan’s primary wood-using mills provided another 95 thousand cords of wood material used to produce particleboard products. Table B.—Lake States pulpwood production for particleboard mills during 2000-2004 Product form and species Roundwood Softwoods Aspen Other hardwoods Residues Total 14 160 1,939 374 156 2,628 174 1,880 396 108 2,558 149 1,938 431 129 2,647 204 2,058 426 113 2,801 316 1,849 426 156 2,747 Production 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - (Thousand cords) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Softwood roundwood 1,400 1,200 Hardwood roundwood Softwood residues Hardwood residues Thousand Cubic Feet 1,000 800 600 400 200 0 2003 Michigan 2004 2003 Minnesota State 2004 2003 Wisconsin 2004 Figure 15.— Pulpwood production in the Lake States for particleboard by State, 20032004. • The particleboard mills in Michigan imported 71 thousand cords from Canada and 56 thousand cords from Wisconsin. Almost 35 thousand cords of wood material for particleboard production were exported to Minnesota, Wisconsin, States outside the North-Central Region, and to Canada. Minnesota • The production of roundwood for particleboard production in Minnesota decreased by 3 percent, from 1.4 million cords in 2003 to 1.3 million cords in 2004. In 2004, there were no residues from primary wood-using mills in Minnesota that were used in particleboard mills. • Minnesota accounted for nearly half of all the wood material produced in the Lake States for particleboard plants in 2004. Aspen was the predominant species harvested (1.0 million cords) for particleboard production. White birch, at 102 thousand cords, was the second most important species harvested. • The particleboard mills in Minnesota imported 123 thousand cords from Canada and almost 23 thousand cords from North Dakota, Wisconsin, and Michigan combined. In 2004, raw materials exported from the State for particleboard manufacturing totaled 67 thousand cords, all of which went to Wisconsin. Wisconsin • The production of wood material for particleboard production in Wisconsin decreased by 7 percent, falling from 516 thousand cords in 2003 to 479 thousand cords in 2004. • In 2004, there was 418 thousand cords of roundwood harvested from Wisconsin forest land for particleboard manufacturing, of which 17 thousand cords were softwood and 401 thousand cords were hardwood. Wisconsin’s primary wood-processing mills provided an additional 61 thousand cords of plant byproducts to the particleboard industry. • The mills in Wisconsin imported almost 110 thousand cords of wood for particleboard manufacturing: 67 thousand cords from Minnesota, 35 thousand cords from Canada, and 8 thousand cords from Michigan. Wisconsin exported 56 thousand cords to Michigan particleboard mills and 6 thousand cords to Minnesota particleboard mills in 2004. 15 CENTRAL STATES PRODUCTION Because of the limited number of pulp mills in the Central States, detailed county information is not reported to avoid disclosure of individual mill receipts. • Pulpwood production in the Central States (Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, and Missouri) increased by 5 percent, from 462 thousand cords in 2003 to 484 thousand cords in 2004. • Pulpwood production from roundwood harvested in the Central States increased by 10 percent, and pulpwood production from residues from primary wood-processing mills in the Central States increased by 2 percent. • Wood residues accounted for almost twothirds of the total wood material produced in the Central States for the pulp and particleboard industry in 2004 (table 11). • Pulpwood production from softwood roundwood decreased by almost 30 percent from 6 2003 to 2004, soft hardwood roundwood production decreased by 3 percent, and hard 7 hardwood production increased by 16 percent (table 12 and fig. 16). • Exports of roundwood and residues from the Central States in 2004 accounted for 78 percent of all wood material produced in the region for pulpwood production. Roundwood exports totaled 166 thousand cords, and the export of residues from primary wood-processing mills totaled 318 thousand cords. • Loggers harvested pulpwood in 13 counties in Illinois, 16 counties in Indiana, 2 counties in Iowa, and 11 counties in Missouri. • Pulpwood production from whole-tree chips increased by 8 percent between 2003 and 2004. The 30 thousand cords of whole-tree chips made up 18 percent of the total roundwood produced in the Central States in 2004. 6 Hardwood species with an average specific gravity of 0.50 or less. 7 Hardwood species with an average specific gravity greater than 0.50. Thousand Standard Cords Figure 16.—Pulpwood production in the Central States, 2000-2004. Residues 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 2000 Hard hardwoods Soft hardwoods Softwoods 2001 2002 Year 2003 2004 16 Illinois • Illinois does not have any primary wood pulp or particleboard mills; consequently, all pulpwood harvested and residues produced by primary wood-processing mills, which are utilized by pulp or particleboard mills, are shipped to plants outside the State. • Illinois produced 38 thousand cords of pulpwood in 2004, a decrease of more than 13 percent from the previous year (fig. 17 and table 13). • Illinois supplied 14 percent of the Central States total roundwood produced in 2004. Pulpwood production from residues accounted for 5 percent of the Central States total residue production. Overall, Illinois contributed almost 10 percent of the total pulpwood produced in the Central States. Indiana • Pulpwood production increased by 3 percent in Indiana, from 154 thousand cords in 2003 to 159 thousand cords in 2004. Indiana produced almost one-third of the total pulpwood produced in the Central States in 2004. • Roundwood production increased by almost 16 percent from 2003 to 2004, while residue production increased by only 1 percent. Illinois 160 140 Thousand Standard Cords Iowa • The total pulpwood produced in Iowa in 2004 was 25 thousand cords, the same as in 2003. The State contributed 5 percent of the total pulpwood produced in the Central States. • The production of wood material for pulping remained at 2003 levels of 5 thousand cords of roundwood and 20 thousand cords of residues from primary wood processors. Missouri • Missouri remained the largest producer of pulpwood in the Central States in 2004 with 52 percent of the regional total or 262 thousand cords. The production of pulpwood in Missouri increased by almost 10 percent between 2003 and 2004. • Missouri produced 111 thousand cords of roundwood and 151 thousand cords of residues for pulpwood in 2004. • Missouri exported almost 93 percent of its pulpwood production to mills in the Southern States. Indiana Iowa Missouri 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 Residues Hard hardwood Soft hardwood Softwood Species Group Figure 17.—Central States pulpwood production by State, species group, and residues, 2004. 17 RECEIPTS Because of the limited number of pulp mills in the Central States, State receipts are not reported to avoid disclosure of individual mill receipts. • Pulp mills in the Central States received 139 thousand cords in 2004, an increase of 29 percent from 2003. • Roundwood receipts increased by 8 percent, from 29 thousand cords in 2003 to 31 thousand cords in 2004. Residue receipts increased by more than 36 percent, from 79 thousand cords in 2003 to 108 thousand cords in 2004. INDUSTRY TRENDS AND ANALYSIS • Average daily wood pulp production for pulp mills in the Central States between 2003 and 2004 increased to 564 tons, an increase of only 1 ton (table 14). • In 2004, only 19 percent of the roundwood and 34 percent of the residues produced for pulpwood in the Central States went to pulp mills located in the Central States. • Hardwood residues from sawmills and other wood-using mills accounted for 71 percent of all the wood material used by the Central States pulp mills. It continues to be the dominant form of wood material procured. 18 PLAINS STATES Because of the limited number of pulp mills in the Plains States, detailed production and receipts are not reported to avoid disclosure of individual mill receipts. PRODUCTION • In 2004, the Plains States produced 116 thousand cords of roundwood and mill residues for pulpwood production, an increase of more than 80 percent from 2003 (fig. 18). Pulpwood came from Kansas, North Dakota, and South Dakota. • Softwood residues accounted for more than two-thirds of the pulpwood production for the Plains States in 2004 (fig. 19). • The only species harvested from the Plains States for pulpwood production in 2004 were ponderosa pine, aspen, balsam poplar, and cottonwood. • The only mill in the Plains States in 2004 was Merillat Industries, Inc. (particleboard), in Rapid City, SD, which has an annual production capacity of 93 million square feet 3/4inch basis. Residues 120 Hardwoods Softwoods Thousand Standard Cords 100 80 60 40 20 0 2000 2001 2002 Year 2003 2004 Figure 18.— Pulpwood production in the Plains States, 2000-2004. Hardwood roundwood 14% Softwood roundwood 15% Figure 19.— Plains States pulpwood production by species group and residues, 2004. Softwood residues 69% Hardwood residues 2% 19 APPENDIX CONVERSION FACTORS USED IN THE NORTH-CENTRAL REGION Standard cords of green roundwood per green ton: Species Softwoods Northern white-cedar Balsam fir Hemlock Jack pine Red pine White pine Shortleaf pine Spruce Tamarack Hardwoods Soft hardwoods Hard hardwoods Ash Aspen Balsam poplar Basswood Beech Factor 0.4688 .6329 .4688 .4150 .4688 .4688 .4777 .3956 .5014 .4291 .3939 .4171 .3708 .4330 .4291 .4083 .5167 .3956 Species White birch Yellow birch River birch Sweetgum Yellow-poplar Blackgum Sycamore Cottonwood Elm Hickory Hard maple Soft maple Black cherry Red oak White oak Black oak Other hardwoods Factor 0.4018 .3723 .3871 .3669 .4219 .3779 .4083 .4291 .4018 .3701 .3617 .4083 .4688 .3444 .3723 .3444 .4777 20 TABLE TITLES Table 1.—Production and imports of pulpwood, Lake States, 2004 Table 2.—Lake States pulpwood production by State of origin, year, and destination, 2000-2004 Table 3.—Lake States pulpwood production from roundwood by State, Forest Survey Unit, and species group, 2000-2004 Table 4.—Lake States pulpwood production by State of origin, product form, Forest Survey Unit, and destination, 2004 Table 5.—Pulpwood production from roundwood by Forest Survey Unit, county, and species group, Michigan, 2004 Table 6.—Pulpwood production from roundwood by Forest Survey Unit, county, and species group, Minnesota, 2004 Table 7.—Pulpwood production from roundwood by Forest Survey Unit, county, and species group, Wisconsin, 2004 Table 8.—Number of industrial pulp or particleboard plants in the Lake States by product form, species group used, and State, 2004 Table 9.—Average daily production of active wood pulp mills in the Lake States by State, company, location, and type of pulp produced, 2004 Table 10.—Annual production of active particleboard and panel mills in the Lake States by State, company, location, and product produced, 2004 Table 11.—Production and imports of pulpwood, Central States, 2004 Table 12.—Central States pulpwood production by product form and species group, 2000-2004 Table 13.— Central States pulpwood production by State and destination, 2000-2004 Table 14.—Average daily production of active wood pulp mills in the Central States by company, location, and type of pulp produced, 2004 21 RB-NC-265 continues on next page 22 TABLES 23 24 Table 1.--Production and imports of pulpwood, Lake States, 2004 (In standard cords, unpeeled) Production by State1 Minnesota Wisconsin Regional total Canada Central States Imports Plains States Total imports Total receipts -214 214 --166,882 181 167,063 ---590 -152,915 -2,379 155,884 380 -43,257 -2,809 46,446 380 -1,941 -81 2,402 --146,193 18,354 164,547 -352 3,280 54,342 57,974 -193 295 -57,809 58,297 380 7,856 2,236 29 58,785 69,285 8,792 26,781 149,636 111,457 296,666 -1,483 4,615 -218,845 224,942 380 49,695 47,872 142 224,207 322,296 ----656 656 ----136 136 ------937 5,510 -155,635 162,082 590 197,716 158,426 576 159,448 516,755 ----280 280 4,409 25,177 29,586 66,602 26,126 92,727 ------------------------------737 24,032 52,995 77,764 8,039 66,696 191,062 58,344 324,141 ------------1,358 40 1,398 -----591 -80 671 --------453 -523 976 --4,813 10,117 14,930 46 -46 4,291 214 4,505 --------------1,358 40 1,398 -----591 -361 952 ----656 656 --453 -659 1,111 --4,813 10,117 14,930 4,291 214 4,505 -66,696 192,420 58,383 317,500 66,602 26,126 92,727 -197,716 159,016 -159,809 516,541 -49,695 47,872 -224,863 322,431 -7,856 2,688 -59,443 69,988 -26,781 154,449 121,574 302,804 Michigan 4,245 -4,245 8,039 65,959 148 5,167 79,314 62,193 949 63,141 -196,779 -576 1,434 198,788 -48,213 -142 2,553 50,907 Product form, species group, and destination Softwood roundwood Northern white-cedar Michigan Minnesota Total Balsam fir Canada Michigan Minnesota Wisconsin Total Hemlock Michigan Wisconsin Total Jack pine Canada Michigan Minnesota Other2 Wisconsin Total Red pine Canada Michigan Minnesota Other2 Wisconsin Total White pine Canada Michigan Minnesota Other2 Wisconsin Total Spruce Canada Michigan Minnesota Wisconsin Total -7,663 -29 894 8,587 8,792 26,428 163 38,761 74,144 -27,455 12,204 39,659 -80 80 1,349 -538,937 -36,008 576,294 21,348 -102,358 1,575 125,281 22,697 -641,295 -37,583 701,575 -8,333 39,590 -688,175 736,098 62,638 602,003 681,195 746 871,220 2,217,803 ----1,072 1,072 -------15 1,704 107,242 108,961 44,458 163,109 104,062 198,875 510,504 ------------455 14,442 14,897 --7,928 -27,602 35,530 -8,319 37,886 -580,933 627,138 18,180 438,895 577,133 746 672,345 1,707,299 ----1,072 1,072 --------7,473 -13,160 20,633 --7,473 -14,232 21,705 --455 14,442 14,897 -49 49 5,498 129 5,627 ------------- 162 104 16,130 16,396 13,760 27,559 33,979 75,297 ----- ----- -258 2,400 2,658 -258 2,400 2,658 13,760 27,817 36,379 77,955 5,498 129 5,627 -438,895 584,606 -686,577 1,710,078 -163,109 104,517 213,317 480,943 Tamarack Michigan 13,598 Minnesota -Wisconsin 5,645 Total 19,242 Other softwoods Michigan 5,498 Minnesota -Total 5,498 Total softwood roundwood Canada 16,831 Michigan 430,576 Minnesota 311 Other2 746 Wisconsin 55,403 Total 503,868 Softwood residues Canada 23,110 Michigan 163,094 Minnesota -Wisconsin 90,058 Total 276,262 Total softwood material Canada 39,941 Michigan 593,670 Minnesota 311 Other2 746 Wisconsin 145,461 Total 780,130 ---602,003 7,928 689,123 --28,674 899,894 36,603 2,191,021 (Table 1 continued on next page) 25 26 Production by State Minnesota Wisconsin Regional total Canada Central States Imports Plains States Total imports 1 Michigan Total receipts 26,342 1,352 8,113 35,808 -1,728,170 -66,241 1,794,411 -119,225 -119,225 -24,455 -200 24,655 -----197,337 -42,847 240,185 ---577 577 -1,405 -1,405 10 10 -2,866 15,653 18,519 9,154 28,139 37,293 11,909 18,261 -248,738 278,908 95,527 217,113 26 316,718 629,384 42,805 31,870 74,675 587 587 1,862 5,364 18,092 25,318 11,182 -86,213 97,394 64,069 6 86,360 150,436 ------------------15,067 11,232 -70,972 97,271 71,313 37,638 45 76,139 185,136 ----------------------626 626 ----4,723 2,677 -7,400 52,139 122,068 -174,207 -----54 -54 635 13,119 290 14,044 744 2,656 --3,400 1,139 --1,139 1,157 5,288 -6,313 12,758 894 -894 ---390 -390 43,133 116,099 -816,928 976,161 835,327 1,850,550 557 930,517 3,616,950 ------16,114 --16,114 71,044 211,867 -34,749 317,660 71,044 227,981 -34,749 333,774 635 13,173 290 14,098 744 2,656 --3,400 1,139 --1,139 1,157 5,288 -6,313 12,758 894 -894 626 626 -390 -390 -17,382 51 17,433 4,470 5,968 79,397 89,835 30,813 24,702 87,561 143,075 ----- ----- 416 2,370 1,104 3,890 416 2,370 1,104 3,890 31,228 27,072 88,665 146,965 906,371 2,078,531 -965,266 3,950,168 52,775 135,240 290 188,305 72,057 40,294 -76,139 188,491 65,209 -86,360 151,569 96,684 222,401 -323,030 642,116 43,699 31,870 75,569 1,212 1,212 1,862 5,754 18,092 25,708 792,194 6,281 557 47,348 846,379 47,416 165 -47,581 56,246 1,951 45 4,967 63,210 52,888 6 147 53,041 83,618 1,514 26 25,133 110,291 33,652 3,730 37,382 --- (Table 1 continued) Product form, species group, and destination Hardwood roundwood Ash Michigan Minnesota Wisconsin Total Aspen Michigan Minnesota Other2 Wisconsin Total Balsam poplar Michigan Minnesota Wisconsin Total Basswood Michigan Minnesota Other2 Wisconsin Total Beech Michigan Other2 Wisconsin Total White birch Michigan Minnesota Other2 Wisconsin Total Yellow birch Michigan Wisconsin Total Cottonwood Minnesota Total Elm Michigan Minnesota Wisconsin Total 1,862 1,093 2,440 5,394 3,130 125 3,255 -25,864 5,897 31,762 -66,603 -580 67,183 -192 261 453 -233 106 339 -1,670 -1,670 4,522 3,408 5,005 12,936 28,132 6,377 5,453 39,962 -----14 35,371 35,385 27,614 246 36,576 64,436 ------------5,199 13 133,719 138,931 62,898 205 136,737 199,840 --------496 -5,516 6,012 --2,206 2,206 459 463 -922 70,375 68,339 -281,923 420,637 474,951 147,436 146 314,487 937,020 ----------7,055 4,455 -5,516 17,026 7,055 4,455 -5,516 17,026 496 -5,516 6,012 --2,206 2,206 67,381 61,196 334,513 463,090 392,848 120,263 369,857 882,968 --------6,424 11,991 6,620 25,035 6,424 11,991 6,620 25,035 ---- -1,233 1,233 3,130 1,358 4,489 ---- ---- ---- ---- 3,130 1,358 4,489 399,272 132,254 376,477 908,003 482,007 151,891 -320,003 953,900 63,394 205 142,253 205,851 27,614 246 38,782 66,643 325,467 33,203 29,447 388,117 404,576 12,494 146 31,984 449,199 57,699 -2,756 60,455 Hickory Michigan Wisconsin Total Hard maple Michigan Minnesota Wisconsin Total Soft maple Michigan Minnesota Other2 Wisconsin Total Red oak Michigan Minnesota Wisconsin Total White oak Michigan Minnesota Wisconsin Total Other hardwoods Michigan Minnesota Wisconsin Total 459 28,590 463 6,841 -5,453 922 40,884 (Table 1 continued on next page) 27,614 -1,099 28,713 23,609 1,299 448 25,357 27 28 1 Wisconsin 247,116 290,083 -2,137,804 2,675,003 -12,138 2,618 3,833 254,406 272,995 -259,255 292,701 3,833 2,392,210 2,947,998 -255,435 327,969 -2,718,737 3,302,141 -12,153 4,322 3,833 361,648 381,956 -267,588 332,290 3,833 3,080,385 3,684,096 48,186 336,073 132,741 3,833 466,933 987,766 66,367 2,958,396 3,242,423 5,359 3,551,004 9,823,548 18,180 2,622,323 3,109,682 1,526 3,084,071 8,835,782 ----1,072 1,072 -10,594 --1,778 12,372 -10,594 --2,850 13,444 3,728 2,356,393 2,561,227 4,613 2,679,785 7,605,745 -10,594 --1,778 12,372 --16,794 --16,794 --16,794 --16,794 --------16,794 --16,794 -90,463 265,766 -62,314 418,543 -90,463 260,072 -75,474 426,009 --13,622 -14,442 28,065 -90,463 273,694 -89,916 454,073 3,728 172,964 28,679 3,833 268,058 477,262 -10,594 --1,778 12,372 --------13,167 --13,167 -10,594 13,167 -1,778 25,539 -101,057 282,559 -64,092 447,708 -90,463 276,865 -76,546 443,875 -10,594 13,622 -16,220 40,436 -101,057 290,488 -92,766 484,311 2,183,428 2,532,548 780 2,411,726 7,128,483 ------16,794 --16,794 90,463 252,599 -62,314 405,376 90,463 269,392 -62,314 422,169 Regional total Canada Central States Imports Plains States Total imports Total receipts 2,273,891 2,801,941 -2,474,040 7,549,872 -183,558 41,846 -269,836 495,240 -2,457,449 2,843,787 -2,743,876 8,045,113 -2,712,786 3,386,547 -3,160,617 9,259,950 -346,667 146,363 -483,153 976,183 -3,059,453 3,532,910 -3,643,770 10,236,134 (Table 1 continued) Production by State Product form, species group, and destination Michigan Minnesota Total hardwood roundwood Michigan 1,936,312 -Minnesota 59,352 2,183,114 Other2 780 -Wisconsin 157,738 116,185 Total 2,154,181 2,299,298 Hardwood residues Canada 2,008 1,720 Michigan 160,826 -Minnesota 38 26,023 Other2 --Wisconsin 7,832 5,820 Total 170,704 33,564 Total hardwood material Canada 2,008 1,720 Michigan 2,097,138 -Minnesota 59,390 2,209,137 Other2 780 -Wisconsin 165,570 122,005 Total 2,324,885 2,332,862 Total all roundwood Canada 16,831 1,349 Michigan 2,366,888 -Minnesota 59,663 2,722,050 Other2 1,526 -Wisconsin 213,141 152,193 Total 2,658,049 2,875,593 Total all residues Canada 25,118 23,068 Michigan 323,920 -Minnesota 38 128,382 Other2 --Wisconsin 97,890 7,395 Total 446,966 158,844 Total all wood material Canada 41,949 24,417 Michigan 2,690,808 -Minnesota 59,700 2,850,432 Other2 1,526 -Wisconsin 311,031 159,588 Total 3,105,015 3,034,437 1 Vertical columns of figures under the box heading "Production by State" present the amount of roundwood cut or residue generated in each State. 2 Pulpwood shipped to mills outside of region. Table may not add due to rounding. Table 2.--Lake States pulpwood production by State of origin, year, and destination, 2000-2004 (In thousand standard cords, unpeeled) 1 Total Year 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 5-year average production 3,140 2,898 2,900 2,987 3,105 3,006 Michigan 2,834 2,570 2,615 2,689 2,691 2,680 Minnesota 7 9 10 26 60 22 Wisconsin 272 299 254 247 311 277 Other 2 27 20 21 25 43 27 MICHIGAN Destination of pulpwood Total Year 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 5-year average production 3,036 2,839 3,015 2,958 3,035 2,977 Michigan ------Minnesota 2,803 2,630 2,865 2,757 2,851 2,781 MINNESOTA Destination of pulpwood Wisconsin 211 187 139 191 160 178 Other 2 21 22 11 10 24 18 Total Year 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 5-year average 1 2 WISCONSIN Destination of pulpwood Michigan 195 274 256 275 268 254 Minnesota 151 133 360 355 332 266 Wisconsin 3,068 2,898 2,864 2,915 3,080 2,965 Other 2 production 3,420 3,309 3,485 3,549 3,684 3,489 6 4 6 4 4 5 Includes mill residues used for pulp. Includes other States and Canada. Table may not add due to rounding. 29 Forest Survey Unit Eastern Upper Peninsula Western Upper Peninsula Northern Lower Peninsula Southern Lower Peninsula Total Aspen-Birch Northern Pine Central Hardwoods Prairie Total Northeastern Northwestern Central Southwestern Southeastern Total Total Lake States 30 (In thousand standard cords, unpeeled) MICHIGAN All species 2001 2002 646 629 959 933 789 829 53 61 2,446 2,451 2003 603 953 874 68 2,497 2004 594 1,035 951 78 2,658 2000 110 66 106 1 283 2001 117 59 106 1 284 2003 56 40 100 2 198 2004 58 46 150 4 258 2000 19 30 3 0 51 Pine 2002 69 46 74 2 192 2001 26 32 2 -61 Spruce 2002 19 27 1 -47 2003 18 27 4 -49 2004 22 46 6 0 74 1,171 1,318 180 86 2,755 1,233 1,373 210 91 2,907 1,179 1,350 217 84 2,830 1,316 1,295 209 56 2,876 MINNESOTA 44 59 62 63 10 15 0 0 116 138 60 88 14 0 163 43 75 10 1 128 74 118 12 1 205 125 56 1 0 182 148 51 1 0 200 145 69 1 0 215 150 67 1 0 218 124 40 1 0 165 1,001 1,159 645 78 50 2,932 8,133 994 1,340 634 80 39 3,087 8,446 1,079 1,311 681 61 42 3,174 8,501 1,167 1,309 729 54 44 3,302 8,836 WISCONSIN 146 115 190 168 262 270 44 31 13 15 655 600 1,054 1,021 88 134 251 29 19 521 875 109 103 261 32 19 524 850 84 90 232 24 15 445 810 31 28 4 2 2 66 300 24 19 26 26 15 25 30 26 6 3 5 3 2 1 2 2 2 1 2 1 49 49 65 58 309 311 332 297 (Table 3 continued on next page) Table 3.--Lake States pulpwood production from roundwood by State, Forest Survey Unit, and species group, 2000-2004 2000 575 1,141 884 76 2,676 1,210 1,428 228 71 2,937 1,002 1,211 650 87 25 2,974 8,588 (Table 3 continued) MICHIGAN Balsam fir 2001 2002 26 33 33 33 4 4 -0 64 70 2003 26 33 7 -66 2004 35 37 7 0 79 2000 24 65 0 -90 2004 33 50 9 0 92 2000 144 308 380 19 850 2001 153 292 366 15 826 Other softwoods 2001 2002 2003 40 32 33 62 51 55 0 0 4 ---103 84 91 Aspen 2002 160 269 388 15 832 2003 149 286 410 18 863 2004 134 290 403 19 846 Forest Survey Unit Eastern Upper Peninsula Western Upper Peninsula Northern Lower Peninsula Southern Lower Peninsula Total 2000 23 36 6 -64 Aspen-Birch Northern Pine Central Hardwoods Prairie Total 110 72 2 -184 101 68 1 0 171 94 74 1 0 169 93 74 1 0 168 117 48 2 0 167 MINNESOTA 12 25 6 21 0 0 0 0 18 46 20 7 0 0 28 37 21 0 0 59 22 17 1 -40 780 1,091 194 69 2,134 699 968 147 82 1,895 754 970 156 84 1,965 632 921 168 75 1,796 723 874 146 52 1,794 Northeastern Northwestern Central Southwestern Southeastern Total Total Lake States 40 42 1 4 -87 335 35 48 1 0 0 84 319 31 39 1 -0 71 311 25 45 1 0 0 71 306 32 44 2 0 0 78 324 WISCONSIN 25 24 10 7 2 2 -0 0 0 37 33 144 182 22 13 4 2 0 40 152 31 10 3 -1 46 196 29 12 4 0 1 46 178 343 507 147 12 3 1,012 3,996 291 290 320 343 415 546 479 440 137 145 172 177 12 11 9 10 10 5 7 7 865 996 987 976 3,586 3,793 3,646 3,617 (Table 3 continued on next page) 31 (Table 3 continued) Forest Survey Unit Eastern Upper Peninsula Western Upper Peninsula Northern Lower Peninsula Southern Lower Peninsula Total Aspen-Birch Northern Pine Central Hardwoods Prairie Total Northeastern Northwestern Central Southwestern Southeastern Total Total Lake States 0 = Less than 500 standard cords. Table may not add due to rounding. 32 White and yellow birches 2001 2002 2003 43 45 45 68 71 73 31 28 25 0 1 1 142 144 144 2004 42 76 29 1 148 2004 207 374 234 23 837 2000 40 112 127 28 308 MICHIGAN Hard and soft maples 2000 2001 2002 2003 170 194 212 211 415 308 340 339 219 196 239 222 26 16 19 22 830 714 810 794 Other hardwoods 2001 2002 46 58 104 95 83 95 20 23 253 272 2003 65 100 102 25 291 2004 63 116 112 32 323 70 71 7 0 148 77 77 11 1 166 112 91 16 1 219 123 94 22 1 240 MINNESOTA 19 24 16 18 10 8 --45 50 33 25 14 0 72 46 34 13 0 93 49 32 17 0 99 48 51 3 2 104 45 58 2 4 109 51 62 11 6 130 66 69 7 7 149 83 72 7 3 166 91 110 28 3 3 235 525 95 119 27 8 2 251 561 100 128 32 2 2 264 626 123 162 27 3 2 316 704 WISCONSIN 212 287 207 258 75 90 11 20 4 12 509 666 1,384 1,430 332 333 101 20 7 793 1,675 340 361 110 9 7 826 1,713 381 376 113 8 7 884 1,820 117 94 128 11 3 351 763 132 138 111 10 8 400 761 118 131 102 10 5 366 768 129 155 98 7 4 392 832 149 161 171 8 10 499 987 2000 47 110 43 1 200 72 73 9 0 154 89 133 30 3 1 257 611 Table 4. -- Lake States pulpwood production by State of origin, product form, Forest Survey Unit, and destination, 2004 (In thousand standard cords, unpeeled) MICHIGAN Total production 594 1,035 951 78 2,658 447 3,105 MINNESOTA Total production 1,316 1,295 209 56 2,876 159 3,034 WISCONSIN Total production 1,167 1,309 729 54 44 3,302 382 3,684 Michigan 239 16 0 -0 255 12 268 Destination of pulpwood Minnesota 2 325 0 1 0 328 4 332 Wisconsin 926 968 728 53 43 2,719 362 3,080 Other 1 ------4 4 -------Michigan Minnesota 1,234 1,285 146 56 2,722 128 2,850 Destination of pulpwood Wisconsin 80 9 63 -152 7 160 Other 1 1 ---1 23 24 519 831 939 78 2,367 324 2,691 4 56 --60 0 60 62 145 6 -213 98 311 10 2 6 -18 25 43 Michigan Minnesota Wisconsin Other 1 Destination of pulpwood Product form and Forest Survey Unit Roundwood Eastern Upper Peninsula Western Upper Peninsula Northern Lower Peninsula Southern Lower Peninsula Total Residues Total pulpwood Product form and Forest Survey Unit Roundwood Aspen-Birch Northern Pine Central Hardwoods Prairie Total Residues Total pulpwood Product form and Forest Survey Unit Roundwood Northeastern Northwestern Central Southwestern Southeastern Total Residues Total pulpwood 0 = Less than 500 standard cords, unpeeled. 1 Includes other States and Canada. 33 Table may not add due to rounding. Forest Survey Unit All and county 1 species Eastern Upper Peninsula Alger 76,142 Chippewa 67,163 Delta 80,799 Luce 96,924 Mackinac 72,897 Menominee 93,115 Schoolcraft 107,174 Total 594,213 Western Upper Peninsula Baraga 123,245 Dickinson 107,718 Gogebic 134,761 Houghton 101,920 Iron 137,628 Keweenaw 40,543 Marquette 234,396 Ontonagon 154,367 Total 1,034,577 Northern Lower Peninsula Alcona 37,668 Alpena 28,986 Antrim 30,442 Arenac 15,736 Bay 4,820 Benzie 21,656 Charlevoix 27,336 Cheboygan 65,986 Clare 36,686 Crawford 61,725 Emmet 23,728 Gladwin 29,016 Grand Traverse 14,076 Iosco 20,123 Isabella 9,541 Kalkaska 36,034 Lake 19,985 Leelanau 2,299 Manistee 15,229 Mason 19,730 Mecosta 16,599 Midland 27,440 Missaukee 38,891 Hemlock 5,234 2,734 3,824 2,185 886 5,996 1,767 22,627 7,049 1,631 1,653 4,722 3,168 871 16,114 4,808 40,017 -------------485 ---------1,924 148 5,617 1,574 135 771 1,051 7,567 2,971 28,499 203 4,339 2,285 2,151 97 6,019 1,829 193 510 746 277 214 3,169 248 9 99 7 -95 108 330 152 238 149 278 532 347 198 636 243 200 370 261 143 40 359 127 -56 13 -122 5 57 20 268 1 37 11 15 -506 -191 51 --119 303 43 496 ---2,324 -1,286 -59 15 ------------1,494 1,892 216 3,941 2,904 273 10,839 838 22,396 1,250 2,239 165 3,740 5,578 290 6,051 1,252 20,565 293 384 44 107 564 48 1,082 93 2,614 3,075 9,094 645 1,387 17,125 503 12,246 1,977 46,052 838 1,535 139 266 1,806 136 3,105 265 8,091 -------------3,007 ------------------195 211 767 -2 410 -372 --242 -855 22 -427 --25 ----3,086 3,971 2,608 11,319 6,109 2,857 4,534 34,485 3,205 2,377 3,699 1,321 3,326 2,415 4,485 20,828 570 126 479 195 816 634 311 3,132 2,781 2,795 3,663 2,596 2,152 3,496 4,510 21,992 2,644 388 1,359 553 381 1,935 876 8,137 --------Jack pine Spruce 293 97 382 155 113 507 246 1,792 235 282 35 75 427 39 861 75 2,029 22 97 -----116 -30 8 ------------180 1,076 ---15 -2,423 -244 60 --45 ---------3,956 5,947 862 1,252 8,813 621 13,998 1,423 36,872 5,590 3,094 6,184 4,367 2,972 9,224 4,064 35,494 34 (In standard cords, unpeeled) Northern white-cedar Balsam fir Species group White Red pine pine Other Tamarack softwoods Ash 918 777 680 1,623 582 989 2,102 7,670 2,272 1,138 3,359 2,004 2,030 762 1,798 3,720 17,082 156 484 384 309 31 671 433 424 396 159 200 126 198 101 108 506 243 98 533 527 205 577 504 Table 5.--Pulpwood production from roundwood by Forest Survey Unit, county, and species group, Michigan, 2004 Aspen 9,619 19,370 20,605 18,039 23,117 27,273 15,942 133,965 21,763 37,964 31,501 31,954 41,845 3,960 74,039 47,435 290,460 26,717 14,673 8,425 7,391 2,907 5,405 9,756 36,453 21,362 14,894 9,293 15,596 4,928 10,218 4,821 13,315 4,397 257 4,751 8,741 9,751 11,550 18,188 14 ----35 -93 --415 ---1 -----------------8 9 4,245 ---24 -----------------60 85 79,314 ---8 ------------------8 63,141 ---365 56 6 1,238 -305 -440 -45 8 -626 70 223 ---90 3,471 198,788 ---42 12 -45 ---41 -25 ----10 ---0 176 50,907 ---2 ----143 ------------1 146 8,587 ---8 -----------------14 22 74,144 ---6 ------------------6 19,242 Montmorency 45,787 Newaygo 28,283 Oceana 15,102 Ogemaw 30,921 Osceola 23,733 Oscoda 27,333 Otsego 61,666 Presque Isle 46,761 Roscommon 48,055 Wexford 19,621 Total 950,991 Southern Lower Peninsula Allegan 11,212 Barry 1,782 Calhoun 2,142 Clinton 457 Gratiot 1,069 Huron 468 Ionia 2,060 Kalamazoo 7,928 Kent 11,116 Lapeer 29 Macomb 1,768 Monroe 98 Montcalm 8,001 Muskegon 14,626 Oakland 624 Ottawa 4,346 Saginaw 532 Sanilac 1,905 St. Joseph 1,203 Tuscola 1,583 Van Buren 5,068 Washtenaw 252 Total 78,268 State total 2,658,049 641 ----282 3 1,894 --6,863 ------1 2 --489 13,093 2,670 1,307 12,588 509 8,700 4,365 7,136 10,216 5,563 138,436 284 1,005 87 100 164 433 507 213 674 829 9,339 129 --128 -71 42 114 66 242 2,695 714 ----68 1 1,074 --6,079 ------1 2 --3,009 20 --159 --1,598 24 -169 5,498 279 335 298 144 443 59 961 331 122 256 10,602 19,741 8,599 5,535 11,631 10,883 12,236 20,042 24,625 21,615 4,640 403,336 -23 1,577 -37 729 --242 ----16 472 --425 -6 492 -0 897 -97 2,330 --29 --1,287 -2 41 -75 3,311 -110 2,413 -29 205 -26 790 -30 49 --1,341 --136 --1,280 --572 -1 --453 18,617 5,498 35,808 846,379 (Table 5 continued on next page) 35 (Table 5 continued) Species group Beech 2,886 1,803 2,764 2,788 1,770 2,229 3,727 17,966 4,438 1,983 2,474 2,107 2,079 2,014 6,551 2,108 23,755 155 452 352 292 31 639 747 660 347 238 631 132 192 95 49 330 236 89 483 409 116 462 341 1,755 2,317 1,233 351 271 45 744 2,463 525 1,482 1,401 381 78 826 190 672 61 2 78 149 189 1,009 673 1 1 132 1 1 21 116 57 74 55 28 22 32 1 47 155 28 1 4 69 76 91 162 0 1 133 0 1 23 135 14 80 49 20 24 34 1 50 164 30 1 4 75 82 94 174 --223 -0 42 211 7 147 64 10 44 64 2 93 300 56 1 7 137 150 161 321 797 1,685 3,552 1,034 131 3,266 5,002 3,488 2,008 2,894 3,588 662 954 445 634 3,175 1,045 415 1,747 2,108 1,156 2,438 3,344 8,646 4,689 8,297 5,313 7,385 2,073 9,049 7,141 52,593 3,224 1,602 3,373 2,610 2,007 1,596 3,822 4,945 23,180 409 186 996 167 482 -160 322 2,722 1 -104 5 1 --14 125 31,341 13,156 42,181 20,302 16,234 11,480 34,299 45,478 214,471 25,829 13,096 29,108 14,340 16,897 12,487 28,794 18,968 159,519 4,039 4,308 6,553 3,474 1,164 6,050 6,047 6,241 6,082 8,822 4,851 5,104 2,262 1,542 2,565 7,725 3,211 752 4,750 5,059 3,265 9,255 9,296 875 602 1,322 1,524 666 869 768 3,759 10,386 6 1,429 7 730 75 48 -52 1,383 2,455 9 973 112 209 144 116 5,654 -1,128 418 242 129 209 3,880 2,993 3,322 5,349 3,447 3,987 6,692 29,670 1,859 1,316 1,637 2,094 1,188 1,536 2,792 12,421 69 73 11 241 27 153 244 818 --------15,285 10,391 13,530 18,896 9,354 12,336 23,522 103,315 14,144 10,964 12,047 18,114 12,908 11,774 23,527 103,478 576 499 412 1,888 478 420 2,697 6,971 ---440 --658 1,098 ---1 ----1 -31 13 118 -76 --234 286 2 992 206 -159 22 2,496 -224 104 284 193 71 White birch Elm Hickory Red oak Yellow birch Hard maple Soft maple Other White oak hardwoods 1,062 673 985 1,110 643 808 1,408 6,688 1,750 771 2,088 841 811 807 2,380 1,138 10,585 192 207 804 155 13 801 53 282 187 20 258 74 922 46 -453 143 61 356 231 25 230 90 Forest Survey Unit Balsam and county 1 poplar Basswood Eastern Upper Peninsula Alger 1,194 1,247 Chippewa 1,745 978 Delta 1,666 943 Luce 1,961 1,690 Mackinac 1,736 891 Menominee 2,198 2,347 Schoolcraft 818 2,253 Total 11,317 10,350 Western Upper Peninsula Baraga 2,183 2,323 Dickinson 3,855 5,670 Gogebic 1,987 4,210 Houghton 2,096 3,166 Iron 3,682 3,126 Keweenaw 392 1,323 Marquette 6,334 2,106 Ontonagon 1,740 6,869 Total 22,268 28,793 Northern Lower Peninsula Alcona 897 216 Alpena 879 482 Antrim 616 1,477 Arenac 83 202 Bay 34 23 Benzie 115 717 Charlevoix 699 2,229 Cheboygan 673 3,022 Clare 405 311 Crawford 182 788 Emmet 38 2,721 Gladwin 123 107 Grand Traverse 175 239 Iosco 483 82 Isabella 256 129 Kalkaska 829 685 Lake 153 159 Leelanau 4 35 Manistee 19 190 Mason 379 317 Mecosta 414 224 Midland 446 431 Missaukee 888 798 36 1,380 140 209 442 362 788 3,325 2,846 1,032 219 27,639 22 34 --15 37 6 0 80 --2 78 76 -18 2 ----19 389 110,291 10 16 --7 -3 -37 --1 32 35 -9 0 ----0 149 37,382 11 17 --7 -3 -40 --1 34 38 -9 0 ----0 161 5,394 20 31 --14 -5 0 74 --2 63 70 -17 1 -----297 3,255 137 215 --94 -36 3 537 --12 443 900 83 138 89 ----10 2,696 388,117 3,502 520 690 -300 -87 2,542 3,285 --29 1,892 3,218 218 1,126 232 331 387 303 1,632 43 20,337 449,199 2,757 12 582 -4 -38 2,150 1,706 ---1,072 3,546 29 704 --327 -1,377 -14,303 60,455 3,059 24 629 -9 -77 2,334 2,114 ---632 3,833 6 792 --353 -1,488 -15,348 28,713 --------7 ---1 18 18 4 18 -----66 25,357 Montmorency 444 1,632 485 Newaygo 356 250 251 Oceana 531 293 170 Ogemaw 482 219 136 Osceola 490 333 320 Oscoda 178 287 61 Otsego 647 3,861 1,533 Presque Isle 736 627 363 Roscommon 189 126 95 Wexford 334 399 171 Total 13,177 23,613 11,065 Southern Lower Peninsula Allegan 56 28 11 Barry 87 44 17 Calhoun ---Clinton ---Gratiot 38 19 7 Huron ---Ionia 14 7 3 Kalamazoo 1 1 -Kent 205 107 49 Lapeer ---Macomb ---Monroe 5 3 1 Montcalm 173 88 36 Muskegon 191 107 64 Oakland -10 27 Ottawa 46 26 15 Saginaw 3 11 26 Sanilac ---St. Joseph ---Tuscola ---Van Buren ---Washtenaw -3 2 Total 818 454 255 State total 47,581 63,210 53,041 0 = Less than 1/2 cord. 1 Includes only those counties that supplied pulpwood in 2004. Table may not add due to rounding. 10 65 97 1 89 0 89 20 24 62 1,631 6 70 105 1 96 0 119 13 25 67 1,693 -129 192 0 178 -128 -45 121 2,833 2,535 1,461 1,528 562 2,070 1,182 9,002 1,364 642 1,721 67,635 3,949 4,742 3,933 2,433 5,773 2,697 13,282 5,143 7,169 4,328 165,866 393 4,859 411 1,430 830 221 528 114 4,323 160 28,795 9 3,224 359 270 1,037 34 31 3 1,665 125 12,265 28 126 46 195 156 -1,601 24 27 213 8,017 37 38 (In standard cords, unpeeled) Northern white-cedar ---214 -214 --------------------------------15 -211 12 10 -10 9 154 94 --1,345 11 --7 7 -11 ---98 728 400 488 -663 2,941 43 4 -3 24 -----231 374 179 282 -33 3,020 343 2 -0 0 ------33 83 48 --184 0 -13 --56 38 -----144 30 3 -722 68 -6,742 324 5,080 3,099 1,183 659 400 27,352 2,249 30 574 6 47,698 4,603 2,085 25,167 8,563 3,481 7,393 16,512 10,252 8,736 1,132 2,166 2,327 92,419 3,293 601 976 4,111 178 2,295 2,980 8,618 314 -754 671 24,792 290 1 16 43 1 189 3 122 2 ---668 4,142 251 2,746 1,316 311 299 499 22,163 5,692 62 2,100 -39,580 2,215 568 2,184 1,462 200 566 382 3,895 4,459 54 651 -16,636 -0 1 ------81 49 31 --295 1 0 5,902 1,307 24,599 7,423 77,738 116,968 2,573 329 19,355 4,076 31,017 57,350 1,909 387 667 3,858 8,631 15,452 117 133 107 206 820 1,383 1,740 4,988 44,717 8,759 63,346 123,550 809 943 11,057 582 8,881 22,271 -------------74 ----74 --------6 --------Balsam fir Jack pine Red pine Species group White pine Spruce TamaOther rack softwoods Ash 889 49 715 1,068 4,633 7,353 1,775 17 1,569 824 122 1,173 307 2,534 108 -200 -8,628 -2 2 ---5 10 -230 132 105 --919 4 1 Aspen 33,149 22,344 208,359 40,520 418,161 722,533 92,408 41,149 136,551 95,384 63,621 64,946 80,099 197,311 48,558 14,221 30,161 9,674 874,083 242 1,730 187 12 1,170 -12 -1,006 9,951 17,581 15,581 9 10,648 82,864 320 32 Table 6. -- Pulpwood production from roundwood by Forest Survey Unit, county, and species group, Minnesota, 2004 All species 69,535 31,573 373,320 98,576 742,611 1,315,615 Forest Survey Unit and county 1 Aspen-Birch Carlton Cook Koochiching Lake St. Louis Total Northern Pine Aitkin Becker Beltrami Cass Clearwater Crow Wing Hubbard Itasca Lake of the Woods Mahnomen Roseau Wadena Total Central Hardwood Anoka Benton Chisago Dakota Douglas Fillmore Goodhue Houston Isanti Kanabec Mille Lacs Morrison Olmsted Otter Tail Pine Sherburne Stearns 142,394 49,335 198,338 137,272 77,897 95,758 110,666 323,081 84,998 17,257 44,868 12,917 1,294,781 935 1,792 433 68 1,580 12 120 224 1,773 14,625 21,892 19,092 13 11,783 125,411 864 59 2,897 1,124 3,172 776 227 208,871 --------214 ----10 5 27 42 167,063 -449 131 ----580 155,884 ------14 14 46,446 --------2,402 -101 84 -7 --193 164,547 -106 38 ----144 39,659 --154 --15,870 --21,462 --1,816 -33 7,291 --4,035 --1,098 -33 51,726 80 17,433 1,794,411 (Table 6 continued on next page) ------- --482 --2,355 101 21 9 -15 5,536 -1,103 4 584 7 6,189 --0 -0 351 --150 --1,224 --1 147 1 608 -----6 --3 -5 1,419 2,781 -1,806 -134 146,069 Todd Wabasha Washington Winona Wright Total Prairie Clay Kittson Marshall Norman Pennington Polk Red Lake Total State total 217 17,979 23,021 2,049 7,584 4,180 1,297 56,326 2,875,593 39 40 Balsam poplar 525 26 37,903 1,042 26,816 66,312 2,257 909 10,242 3,139 1,317 697 890 14,733 8,890 428 5,710 117 49,329 -21 1 -22 ----144 103 93 -397 559 6 1 167 3 28 -13 ---197 264 785 389 --1,397 5 2 217 9 114 -114 -5 10 32 1,003 786 854 -42 18,710 31 6 ------------------0 0 ------38 21 17 --147 1 0 92 4 38 ---29 68 50 388 334 238 --5,178 7 2 204 12 13 ---24 56 104 1,338 1,018 746 --6,767 23 8 2,530 289 2,706 1,337 1,461 1,524 366 2,053 18 581 --12,865 10,587 2,764 9,914 13,948 5,819 7,306 7,368 27,875 5,399 728 2,371 111 94,189 -------------224 1 18 49 2 180 4 72 3 ---553 2,582 46 228 544 50 1,844 62 1,600 476 22 180 -7,634 8,339 327 918 3,394 151 6,456 790 4,344 90 --11 24,820 67 ----8 ------75 ------24 56 18 -47 24 --120 --998 48 724 3,193 3,345 8,309 13,530 697 22,945 20,113 65,810 123,095 ------133 7 5 85 396 626 2,404 71 1,845 1,665 11,542 17,526 4,701 236 317 5,672 20,878 31,803 ----91 91 ----36 36 73 ----8 ------80 ------10 23 19 -51 51 --68 --Basswood White birch Cottonwood2 Species group Hard Elm maple Soft maple Red oak White Other oak hardwoods 158 8 6 101 471 744 266 1 21 59 2 214 5 86 3 ---657 -0 0 ------45 25 21 --175 1 0 (Table 6 continued) Forest Survey Unit and county 1 Aspen-Birch Carlton Cook Koochiching Lake St. Louis Total Northern Pine Aitkin Becker Beltrami Cass Clearwater Crow Wing Hubbard Itasca Lake of the Woods Mahnomen Roseau Wadena Total Central Hardwood Anoka Benton Chisago Dakota Douglas Fillmore Goodhue Houston Isanti Kanabec Mille Lacs Morrison Olmsted Otter Tail Pine Sherburne Stearns 14 -2 -3 1,366 45 929 1,100 -76 47 20 2,218 119,225 7 -4 13 --34 57 24,655 -478 190 -1 11 6 686 240,185 11 --220 166 82 98 577 577 --------1,405 -45 12 ----56 31,762 --------67,183 --------453 --------339 --------1,670 Todd Wabasha Washington Winona Wright Total Prairie Clay Kittson Marshall Norman Pennington Polk Red Lake Total State total --170 -5 3,424 --228 33 20 22,215 ------- --0 -1 226 --97 11 8 6,544 --220 -27 10,560 -----288 -----222 --0 -1 269 0 = Less than 1/2 cord. 1 Includes only those counties that supplied pulpwood in 2004. Table may not add due to rounding. 41 42 (In standard cords, unpeeled) Northern white-cedar Hemlock 3,432 1,740 324 588 4,596 11,304 122 286 560 172 23,123 154 22 ---193 -1,732 29 26 729 -2,885 --63 ---2,967 -15 326 39 -31 3,440 19,015 150 3,341 3,768 11,878 16,142 1,034 1,216 6,103 7,567 181 1,734 5,937 78,068 23,792 1,918 2,367 2,913 8,402 12,907 6,856 8,776 3,366 12,190 7,243 20,100 9,330 120,158 6,476 374 996 736 3,273 3,104 880 1,911 1,672 4,019 1,521 4,092 4,649 33,702 2,398 932 4,126 7,861 11,136 303 857 779 444 2,101 3 17,722 48,662 2,281 1,428 6,299 2,211 7,091 385 676 1,098 2,049 2,238 684 7,754 34,194 932 330 926 9 415 743 90 356 213 1,775 51 1,157 6,997 3,749 41 3,074 -1,312 1,565 61 6,499 3,177 3,940 1,816 356 25,590 55 518 146 23 48 -1,024 201 57 152 373 328 364 3,289 1,919 78 30 3 1,935 419 -3,359 248 132 278 305 8,706 144 84 --16 -16 59 99 561 23 -16 1,017 3,472 141 78 1,527 10,602 161 1,514 8,023 219 6,026 31,763 3,671 7,163 1,722 2,884 8,844 2,345 2,245 7,138 3,459 4,954 44,426 439 85 237 757 816 1,731 372 1,795 249 1,709 8,190 1,055 3,420 4,939 2,647 2,777 37 647 8,312 71 1,884 25,789 196 363 1,058 803 743 1 15 1,814 97 489 5,581 ----------------------49 49 --------------Spruce 23 9 --13 1 ----46 ----------------------------84 53 -9 -977 --310 41 -29 1,504 4,851 73 5,883 113 10,696 2,301 108 8,394 1,071 6,389 1,991 2,007 43,877 2,254 5,316 7,142 4,769 2,818 188 349 6,209 316 2,840 32,199 Balsam fir Jack pine Species group Red White pine pine Other Tamarack softwoods Ash 1,935 4,803 7,267 6,115 3,341 2,211 945 4,200 2,471 2,280 35,568 4,993 654 3,446 686 2,502 3,289 343 4,972 2,382 9,185 3,532 2,837 38,821 584 1,033 1,577 648 1,409 891 3,255 92 413 926 1,437 376 1,132 13,773 Aspen 22,645 26,474 41,947 66,617 40,789 9,297 24,562 67,277 11,769 31,206 342,581 67,031 10,049 46,323 23,192 49,433 17,774 11,684 53,468 20,016 64,815 35,037 40,696 439,518 4,179 14,882 41,138 6,205 11,941 6,500 35,874 242 2,649 9,393 18,124 1,105 24,554 176,786 Table 7.--Pulpwood production from roundwood by Forest Survey Unit, county, and species group, Wisconsin, 2004 All species 94,248 138,745 184,191 176,886 141,236 57,854 57,071 175,538 52,924 88,067 1,166,762 Forest Survey Unit and county 1 Northeastern Florence Forest Langlade Lincoln Marinette Menominee Oconto Oneida Shawano Vilas Total Northwestern Ashland Barron Bayfield Burnett Douglas Iron Polk Price Rusk Sawyer Taylor Washburn Total Central Adams Chippewa Clark Eau Claire Jackson Juneau Marathon Marquette Monroe Portage Waupaca Waushara Wood Total 192,118 22,103 135,725 53,190 142,909 83,023 20,192 154,127 68,965 228,355 94,264 113,672 1,308,644 68,385 33,151 72,039 25,249 64,894 57,170 92,105 14,039 22,243 50,129 127,871 36,725 64,796 728,796 3,316 1,369 16,008 1,546 3,675 3,649 128 719 793 2,609 7,350 4,907 6,994 1,349 54,413 ----------------------46 -53 ---39 -----17 ---------109 77,764 -----122 --------------18 139 29,586 32 -184 16 -14 51 12 19 -10 -------16 -21 374 162,082 638 -3,661 180 26 51 1,079 168 1,056 170 549 133 -345 14 391 265 19 186 955 208 10,092 224,942 26 -572 157 -302 1,103 24 664 53 83 505 -111 13 157 58 11 27 345 643 4,855 58,297 --35 47 10 123 61 -83 199 34 ---11 -452 28 66 24 31 1,207 57,974 -13 ---------1,079 ---------1,092 16,396 ---------------- --32 ----3 --40 ---75 ---------------- 126 -1,248 25 63 255 -115 23 50 525 526 228 30 3,215 501 217 2,587 915 1,255 1,238 46 328 225 417 3,207 1,750 2,736 650 16,072 171 240 498 132 914 300 55 24 130 254 592 54 863 324 4,552 126 10 309 159 102 226 -38 20 -630 186 293 -2,099 ---------------- ---------------- 70 42 335 7 46 40 2 1 6 109 85 46 88 5 881 576 107 3,592 217 445 992 -181 321 351 672 1,577 624 248 9,902 -26 108 -10 28 -91 472 -5 34 -31 76 -163 2,353 -17 76 -3 14 -74 2,948 -2 --40 196 -39 28 -1 --179 722 -2 --5 --10 25 -8 27 -35 68 -8 --41 198 -791 7,373 49 89,835 976,161 (Table 7 continued on next page) Southwestern Buffalo Crawford Dunn Grant Iowa La Crosse Lafayette Pepin Pierce Richland Sauk St. Croix Trempealeau Vernon Total Southeastern Brown Calumet Columbia Dane Dodge Door Fond Du Lac Green Green Lake Jefferson Kewaunee Manitowoc Milwaukee Outagamie Ozaukee Rock Sheboygan Walworth Washington Waukesha Winnebago Total State total 1,126 219 6,715 611 2,191 5,078 4,332 281 7,250 535 1,333 2,446 10 3,676 61 648 934 184 962 1,443 3,487 43,526 3,302,141 43 (Table 7 continued) Species group Beech 2,530 2,497 2,585 549 1,659 315 1,106 897 160 133 12,430 27 1 5 -9 195 -150 26 79 118 2 614 2 10 52 6 2 1 219 3 -12 83,987 3 6 84,303 781 3,318 3,086 1,725 3,038 1,028 4,513 119 547 2,068 1,353 432 2,262 24,271 35 272 339 191 189 31 724 18 22 218 171 44 190 2,443 --------------29 253 290 167 163 19 435 5 20 181 134 4 176 1,876 -2 1 2 3 1 23 --2 -4 2 41 15,879 1,204 17,980 6,826 18,547 11,743 1,527 18,971 8,765 26,830 12,926 10,637 151,835 978 88 594 51 369 1,570 103 2,294 608 1,661 1,092 272 9,679 -----------10 10 1,930 92 1,031 156 677 1,012 105 1,420 445 1,870 813 389 9,941 7 -11 -19 58 -90 22 5 32 -245 37,269 1,911 17,534 3,521 15,195 19,842 1,296 21,165 10,574 39,215 16,947 8,696 193,165 3,224 3,322 6,757 2,415 7,035 5,201 15,491 489 2,304 3,856 3,960 2,259 5,245 61,559 34,246 2,899 19,080 4,097 17,002 15,355 1,684 18,305 10,307 37,692 11,703 10,054 182,426 2,761 3,618 5,678 2,350 6,303 4,376 10,949 402 1,973 3,694 2,775 1,857 4,749 51,486 5,585 14,218 17,966 14,872 9,108 3,449 2,658 17,098 3,089 10,187 98,229 2,548 3,293 4,032 4,545 2,403 1,339 1,047 3,307 557 1,397 24,467 -----------260 1,234 1,615 545 760 210 163 919 212 462 6,380 29 9 50 447 -47 1 215 17 99 914 18,112 26,142 36,963 35,679 19,839 11,296 8,249 21,532 12,936 10,282 201,030 18,961 27,653 35,611 25,210 18,927 7,363 8,657 19,520 9,007 8,977 179,885 1,821 3,428 5,888 1,619 3,058 3,568 1,020 2,578 4,968 2,797 30,744 3,560 1,551 3,694 2,914 1,996 2,470 982 2,912 5,136 17,309 2,421 5,090 50,034 5,453 2,092 4,024 3,193 8,450 4,905 3,376 356 2,197 3,200 1,229 3,555 4,115 46,144 White birch Elm Hickory Yellow birch Cottonwood Hard maple Soft maple Red oak White Other oak hardwoods 79 310 1,068 338 284 328 85 324 1,574 330 4,721 948 450 921 766 616 506 203 450 1,710 5,535 493 1,770 14,367 1,806 430 1,192 621 2,397 1,943 1,246 140 763 1,046 289 802 1,500 14,173 1,100 1,009 1,230 1,796 688 175 447 1,096 69 424 8,034 1,291 11 667 127 609 514 6 429 122 446 127 145 4,493 -9 24 9 11 5 162 2 1 23 6 16 7 276 Forest Survey Unit and county 1 Northeastern Florence Forest Langlade Lincoln Marinette Menominee Oconto Oneida Shawano Vilas Total Northwestern Ashland Barron Bayfield Burnett Douglas Iron Polk Price Rusk Sawyer Taylor Washburn Total Central Adams Chippewa Clark Eau Claire Jackson Juneau Marathon Marquette Monroe Portage Waupaca Waushara Wood Total 44 Balsam poplar Basswood 692 276 38 3 1,733 5 1,008 32 4 54 3,843 3,408 9,161 12,431 4,578 7,439 2,483 1,860 2,967 1,121 1,368 46,817 1,757 7 472 95 409 150 4 33 33 302 -222 3,484 5,918 282 3,627 563 2,941 2,636 464 7,250 1,588 6,811 3,470 3,502 39,052 -0 1 ---------1 2 49 781 915 277 328 116 2,084 7 44 386 4,986 13 499 10,485 --0 --------2 --2 0 2 1 --6 0 ---6 2 0 15 0 -0 2 4 1 -41 97,394 76 11 197 5 100 506 26 6 59 6 72 49 1 334 2 5 22 8 71 13 76 1,646 278,908 10 9 30 -20 72 12 -48 4 25 6 1 103 1 -3 6 39 6 15 409 37,293 ----------------------10 8 -14 -9 52 --7 -5 1 -23 --2 -1 -4 127 18,519 --2 -2 -2 -2 ----7 ----4 -2 22 1,233 84 59 445 36 117 499 111 19 230 26 171 213 5 947 11 29 36 43 233 48 218 3,579 463,090 83 34 394 30 114 525 83 16 365 18 121 173 3 648 6 25 35 24 158 30 185 3,068 420,637 15 -464 81 1,458 93 1,484 14 1,457 49 9 143 -140 -25 18 8 36 10 1,565 7,068 138,931 2 -124 19 163 10 176 5 166 7 1 55 -19 -10 5 -3 -206 972 35,385 21 5 322 4 3 14 1 1 4 53 11 31 39 -509 --6 -------0 ---7 465 61 980 23 56 93 4 3 19 323 131 206 558 5 2,927 14 3 180 2 2 9 --2 33 8 14 27 -295 ---------------- 13 3 87 2 2 8 --2 32 7 16 23 -196 --11 ---------1 -13 305 229 1,414 23 265 171 11 3 17 359 445 166 319 29 3,756 290 200 1,430 25 224 159 7 9 21 394 389 273 328 24 3,773 530 180 2,470 9 214 108 1 11 4 175 468 48 698 23 4,941 109 71 463 2 84 36 -1 -57 138 11 168 10 1,151 --43 --------2 2 -47 --7 -4 -4 -23 1 ---27 ----14 1 4 85 12,936 Southwestern Buffalo Crawford Dunn Grant Iowa La Crosse Lafayette Pepin Pierce Richland Sauk St. Croix Trempealeau Vernon Total Southeastern Brown Calumet Columbia Dane Dodge Door Fond Du Lac Green Green Lake Jefferson Kewaunee Manitowoc Milwaukee Outagamie Ozaukee Rock Sheboygan Walworth Washington Waukesha Winnebago Total State total 4 ----63 ----1 ----------68 7,400 14 -23 -61 86 47 1 49 -8 2 -56 --3 -2 1 53 407 97,271 0 = Less than 1/2 cord. 1 Includes only those counties that supplied pulpwood in 2004. Table may not add due to rounding. 45 46 Table 8.--Number of industrial pulp or particleboard plants in the Lake States by product form, species group used, and State, 2004 Total Lake States Michigan Wisconsin State Minnesota Product form and species group Roundwood Softwoods Northern white-cedar Balsam fir Hemlock Jack pine Red pine White pine Spruce Tamarack Other softwoods Total plants using softwoods 1 3 18 4 15 16 14 17 10 3 25 23 35 15 22 11 29 11 1 6 2 24 28 15 10 9 42 43 11 20 21 44 12 12 2 7 7 12 7 11 6 9 7 8 6 0 2 1 9 10 8 4 5 4 13 5 13 8 9 0 10 0 1 1 0 4 7 1 1 1 13 14 3 5 5 14 8 11 11 1 4 4 11 5 0 3 1 11 11 6 5 3 17 17 6 8 9 18 2 4 1 4 4 4 2 1 1 1 8 0 6 6 5 9 5 2 0 6 3 5 6 5 6 4 0 Hardwoods Ash Aspen Balsam poplar Basswood Beech White birch Yellow birch Cottonwood Elm Hickory Hard maple Soft maple Red oak White oak Other hardwoods Total plants using hardwoods 1 1 Total plants using roundwood Residues Softwood Hardwood 1 Total plants using residues 1 Total plants 1 Some plants use more than one species, so numbers in columns are not additive. Table 9.--Average daily production of active wood pulp mills in the Lake States by State, company, location, and type of pulp produced, 2004 (In tons per 24 hours) Location Alpena Quinnesec Escanaba Otsego Filer City Muskegon Ontonagon 7 mills International Falls Shakopee Duluth International Falls Sartell Cloquet Proctor Grand Rapids 8 mills 1,150 310 210 100 423 1,269 325 410 4,197 ---------1,150 ----1,269 --2,419 ----------310 -100 --325 410 1,145 250 1,250 1,273 660 361 344 751 4,889 ---------1,250 ---344 -1,594 --1,273 ----1,273 250 ------250 Average daily production Sulfite Kraft Type of pulp produced Kraft/ Groundwood/ groundwood mechanical Semichemical ---660 361 -751 1,772 ---------- Thermomechanical ----------210 -423 ---633 -----130 400 200 ----730 1,363 State and company Michigan Decorative Panels International, Inc. International Paper Co. Meadwestvaco Corp. Menasha Packaging Co. LLC Packaging Corp. Of America Sappi Fine Paper Smurfit-Stone Container Corp. Total Minnesota Boise White Paper, LLC. Certainteed Corp. Georgia-Pacific Corp. International Bildrite, Inc. International Paper Co. Sapppi, LLC Stora Enso North America UPM - Blandin Total Wisconsin Domtar Industries, Inc. Domtar Industries, Inc. Fraser Papers Georgia-Paicfic Corp. International Paper Co. Mule-Hide Manufacturing Packaging Corp. Of America Stora Enso North America Stora Enso North America Stora Enso North America Stora Enso North America Wausau Mosinee Paper Wausau Paper Weyerhaeuser Co. Total Lake States total Nekoosa Port Edwards Park Falls Phillips Kaukauna Cornell Tomahawk Biron Niagara Stevens Point Wisconsin Rapids Mosinee Brokaw Rothschild 14 mills 29 mills 495 255 170 90 450 130 1,378 400 250 200 1,200 250 222 160 5,650 14,736 -255 170 ---------222 160 807 807 495 ---450 -----1,200 250 --2,395 6,408 ---------------1,273 ---90 ----250 -----340 1,735 ------1,378 -------1,378 3,150 47 48 Table 10.--Annual production of active particleboard and panel mills in the Lake States by State, company, location, and product produced, 2004 (In million square feet 3/4-inch basis) Location Hancock Gaylord Newberry Sagola Grayling 5 mills Bemidji Cook Grand Rapids Two Harbors Solway Deerwood 6 mills Hayward Tomahawk Marshfield Marinette 4 mills 15 mills Oriented strand board Oriented strand board Oriented strand board Oriented strand board Oriented strand board Engineered wood product Molded oriented strand board Particleboard Oriented strand board Oriented strand board Oriented strand board Product produced Annual production 2 229 72 185 250 738 265 207 167 67 218 n/a 924 State and company Michigan GFP Strandwood Corp. Georgia-Pacific Corp. Louisiana-Pacific Corp. Louisiana-Pacific Corp. Weyerhaeuser Co. Total Minnesota Ainsworth Engineered (USA), LLC Ainsworth Engineered (USA), LLC Ainsworth Engineered (USA), LLC Louisiana-Pacific Corp. Norbord Minnesota Trus Joist - Weyerhaeuser Total Wisconsin Louisiana-Pacific Corp. Louisiana-Pacific Corp. Marshfield Doorsystems Rodman Industries Total Lake States total Oriented strand board Oriented strand board Particleboard Particleboard 250 65 79 8 402 2,064 Table 11.--Production and imports of pulpwood, Central States, 2004 (In standard cords, unpeeled) Production by State1 Illinois Indiana Iowa Missouri Regional total Imports Lake States Other U.S. Total imports Total receipts 1,072 44 696 1,812 1,976 -5,669 7,645 2,877 -10,247 13,124 4,853 1,072 44 16,612 22,581 16,174 -2,258 8,818 27,250 4,878 ---4,878 5,447 --105,996 111,443 31,351 1,072 2,301 131,426 166,151 ----------9,588 65 6,701 16,355 3,187 --3,187 587 -98,681 99,268 16,240 65 115,629 131,934 -----------------6,586 150 2,117 8,853 1,690 --1,690 4,859 -7,316 12,175 15,112 150 15,102 30,363 ------------15,112 --15,112 16,240 --16,240 31,351 ---31,351 -2,042 -2,042 ----- ----- 1,072 2,086 696 3,854 ----- ----- ----- ----- ----5,504 --10,313 15,818 5,504 --10,313 15,818 10,358 1,072 44 26,925 38,398 57,018 10,594 9,530 81,808 158,949 40,844 10,594 7,272 72,990 131,699 17,975 1,778 --19,753 22,853 1,778 --24,631 40,844 10,594 7,004 72,990 131,432 17,975 1,778 --19,753 13,071 --136,693 149,764 13,071 --137,496 150,568 18,518 --243,492 262,010 -268 -268 ----- --803 803 -268 803 1,071 77,395 12,372 7,004 219,996 316,767 77,395 12,372 7,272 220,799 317,838 108,746 13,444 9,573 352,225 483,989 ----3,833 ---3,833 3,833 ---3,833 3,833 ---3,833 26,800 --26,800 -----26,800 ---26,800 26,800 ---26,800 26,800 --26,800 3,833 ---3,833 30,633 ---30,633 30,633 ---30,633 26,800 --26,800 81,228 ---81,228 108,028 ---108,028 139,379 ---139,379 Product form, species group, and destination Roundwood Softwoods Lake States Northeastern States Southern States Total Soft hardwoods 2 Central States Northeastern States Southern States Total Hard hardwoods3 Central States Northeastern States Southern States Total Total all roundwood Central States Lake States Northeastern States Southern States Total Residues Softwoods Central States Northeastern States Southern States Total Hardwoods Central States Lake States Northeastern States Southern States Total Total all residues Central States Lake States Northeastern States Southern States Total Total all wood material Central States Lake States Northeastern States Southern States Total 1 Vertical columns of figures under the box heading "Production by State" present the amount of roundwood cut 2 3 or residue generated in each State. Hardwood species with an average specific gravity of 0.50 or less. Hardwood species with an average specific gravity greater than 0.50. 49 Table may not add due to rounding. 50 Table 12.--Central States pulpwood production by product form and species group, 2000-2004 (In standard cords, unpeeled) 2000 7,643 64,036 165,994 237,673 12,849 269,603 282,452 520,125 117 302,510 302,627 468,738 1,860 274,219 276,079 426,895 2,110 50,939 113,062 166,111 3,432 25,783 121,600 150,815 2001 2002 2003 5,485 31,393 113,501 150,380 1,860 310,161 312,021 462,400 2004 3,854 30,363 131,934 166,151 1,071 316,767 317,838 483,989 Product form and species group Roundwood Softwoods Soft hardwoods 1 Hard hardwoods2 Total Residues Softwood Hardwood Total Total all wood material 1 2 Hardwood species with an average specific gravity of 0.50 or less. Hardwood species with an average specific gravity greater than 0.50. Table may not add due to rounding. Table 13.--Central States pulpwood production by State and destination, 2000-2004 (In thousand standard cords, unpeeled) Year 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 5-year average Total 92 75 59 44 38 62 Illinois Destination Central Other States States 32 60 22 53 9 50 10 35 10 28 17 45 Total 48 44 30 25 25 34 Total 212 190 202 239 262 221 Indiana Destination Central Other Total States States 168 70 98 160 67 93 135 54 82 154 53 101 159 57 102 155 60 95 Iowa Destination Central Other States States 46 1 43 1 29 1 23 2 23 2 33 1 Missouri Destination Central Other States States 17 195 14 175 14 188 19 221 19 243 17 204 Table may not add due to rounding. Table 14.--Average daily production of active wood pulp mills in the Central States by company, location, and type of pulp produced, 2004 (In tons per 24 hours) Company International Paper Co. Box USA Jeld-Wen Fiber Of Iowa Huebert Brothers Products, LLC Central States total Location Terre Haute, Indiana Fort Madison, Iowa Dubuque, Iowa Booneville, Missouri 4 mills Average daily production 250 158 76 80 564 Type of pulp produced Groundwood/ SemiThermomechanical chemical mechanical -250 --158 -76 ----80 76 408 80 51 Piva, Ronald J. 2006. Pulpwood production in the North-Central Region, 2004. Resour. Bull. NC-265. St. Paul, MN: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, North Central Research Station. 51 p. Discusses 2004 production and receipts in the Lake, Central, and Plains States. Shows Michigan, Minnesota, and Wisconsin production by species for each county and compares production by Forest Survey Unit with that of previous years. Presents production data for Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, and Missouri by species group and product form. Includes 2004 production for the Plains States by species group and product form. KEY WORDS: Roundwood, whole-tree chips, residue, pulpwood, particleboard, Michigan, Minnesota, Wisconsin, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Missouri, Plains States. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, gender, religion, age, disability, political beliefs, sexual orientation, and marital or family status. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA’s TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TDD). To file a complaint of discrimination, write USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, Room 326-W, Whitten Building, 14th and Independence Avenue, SW, Washington, DC 20250-9410, or call (202) 720-5964 (voice or TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. Printed on recyclable paper. MISSION STATEMENT We believe the good life has its roots in clean air, sparkling water, rich soil, healthy economies, and a diverse living landscape. Maintaining the good life for generations to come begins with everyday choices about natural resources. The North Central Research Station provides the knowledge and the tools to help people make informed choices. That’s how the science we do enhances the quality of people’s lives. For further information contact: North Central Research Station USDA Forest Service 1992 Folwell Ave., St. Paul, MN 55108 Or visit our web site: www.ncrs.fs.fed.us