Upper Sheyenne River Watershed Profile

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- Upper Sheyenne River - 09020202 8-Digit Hydrologic Unit Profile June 2005 Watershed Profile Introduction The Upper Sheyenne River 8-Digit Hydrologic Unit Code (HUC) (09020202) sub-basin is approximately 1,252,400 acres covering parts of seven counties (Benson, Eddy, McHenry, McLean, Pierce, Sheridan, and Wells) in the Red River of the North Basin. Of the 1,252,400 acres, Benson County contains 28%, Eddy has 3%, McHenry has 5%, McLean has <1%, Pierce has 26%, Sheridan has 27%, and Wells has 11%. There are 802 farms in the sub-basin. This sub-basin encompasses commodities ranging from sunflower, canola, corn and soybeans, and multiple small grain crops to beef cattle and swine. Conservation assistance is provided by six NRCS service centers, one soil survey office, and four Resource Conservation & Development offices. Produced by the Natural Resource Planning Staff Bismarck, ND The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex, religion, age, disability, political beliefs, sexual orientation, and marital or family status. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA’s TARGET Center at 202-720-2600 (voice and TDD). To file a complaint of discrimination, write USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, Room 326W, Whitten Building, 14th and Independence Avenue, SW, Washington DC 20250-9410 or call (202) 720-5964 (voice and TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. Upper Sheyenne River - 09020202 8-Digit Hydrologic Unit Profile June 2005 Physical Description Land Cover/ Land Use (NRI) Forestland Cropland Conservation Reserve a Program (CRP) Land Tame Grass/Hayland Pasture Rangeland Urban/Transportation Land Water/Wetlands Acres % of HUC 0 655,700 95,900 53,700 19,000 280,900 104,900 26,600 15,700 b 0% 52% 8% 4%* 2% 23% 8% 2%* 1%* 100%* Federal Lands North Dakota HUC Totals 1,252,400 *: Less than one percent of total acres. See below for special considerations. a: Estimate from Farm Service Agency records and include CRP/CREP. b: Totals may not add due to rounding and small unknown acreages. //22 Irrigated Land (ND State Water Commission Estimates) 7,000 <1% 2 of 10 September 20, 2005 Upper Sheyenne River - 09020202 8-Digit Hydrologic Unit Profile June 2005 Physical Description - Continued Land Use/Land Cover Map 3 of 10 September 20, 2005 Upper Sheyenne River - 09020202 8-Digit Hydrologic Unit Profile June 2005 Physical Description - Continued MILES Acres Lakes/Reservoirs 4,993 -161 PERCENT -5.9%* 3%* Water Quality Data *Percent of Total Miles and acres in HUC Total – Major (100K Hydro GIS Layer) 303d (NDDH Water Quality Limited Streams) 303d (NDDH Water Quality Limited Lakes/Reservoirs) 1543 91 -- Animal Feeding Facilities – North Dakota Department of Health Permit Animal Type No. of Animal Feeding Operations No. of Animal units No. of Permitted Farms Dairy 3 350 Beef 8 2,856 Swine 1 150 Other 1 150 Total 13 3,506 9 4 of 10 September 20, 2005 Upper Sheyenne River - 09020202 8-Digit Hydrologic Unit Profile June 2005 Common Resource Area Map 53B.1 – Central Dark Brown Glaciated Plains: The Central Dark Brown Glaciated Plains are a nearly level to rolling with steeper areas along rivers. This region marks a transition to drier conditions. Land use is a mosaic of cropland and rangeland. Soil textures range from the dominant loamy glacial till to areas of coarse textured outwash and fine textured lacustrine materials. Most soils are moderately deep and deep, well drained and moderately well drained, and have a frigid temperature regime. 55A.1 – Northern Black Glaciated Drift Plain: The Northern Black Glaciated Drift Plain is a nearly level to undulating landscape composed of glacial till and lacustrine sediments. Temporary and seasonal wetlands are numerous throughout the area. A very short growing season and the coldest January temperatures in Northern Plains limit agriculture. 55B.1 – Central Black Glaciated Drift Plain: The Central Black Glaciated Drift Plains are a gently rolling to undulating landscape with a thick layer of glacial till. Temporary and seasonal wetlands are numerous throughout the area. These soils are very fertile, but agricultural success is subject to annual climatic fluctuations. Most of the soils are deep, well drained and moderately well drained, sandy to clayey and have a frigid temperature regime. 5 of 10 September 20, 2005 Upper Sheyenne River - 09020202 8-Digit Hydrologic Unit Profile June 2005 Soil Productivity - The Upper Sheyenne River sub-basin has high variability in soil productivity. Common Land Unit The entire sub-basin has the common land unit digitized. 6 of 10 September 20, 2005 Upper Sheyenne River - 09020202 8-Digit Hydrologic Unit Profile June 2005 Resource Concerns The acres of land above sustainable levels have decreased by 22,100 acres from 1982 to 1997. NRI estimates indicate no acres of the sub-basin agricultural lands still had water erosion rates above a sustainable level in 1997. It estimates show 29,400 acres of the sub-basin agricultural lands still had wind erosion rates above a sustainable level in 1997. Controlling erosion not only sustains the long-term productivity of the land, but also affects the amount of soil, pesticides, fertilizer, and other organic material that move into the basin’s waters. Through NRCS programs many farmers and ranchers have applied conservation practices to reduce the effects of erosion by water. As a result, erosion rates on cultivated cropland were 1.34 tons/acre/year in 1997. NRI estimates indicate 84,900 acres of Highly Erodible Land (HEL) in 1997 compared to 109,800 acres in 1987. This is nearly a 23% reduction in HEL being farmed. There are six 303(d) listed streams, lakes and reservoirs are listed for sediment, siltation, nutrients, dissolved oxygen and eutrophication. Stream reaches listed for sediment are affected by erosion on cropland and from eroded stream banks. Conservation practices that can be used to address these water quality issues include erosion control, nutrient and pest management, grazing management, and riparian buffers. Upper Sheyenne River 60000 Acres above Sustainable Level 51,500 50000 41,800 40000 29,400 30000 20000 16,700 10000 0 1997 1992 1987 1982 NRI Watershed Projects, Plans, Studies and Assessments NRCS Watershed Projects NRCS Watershed Plans, Studies & Assessments Name Status Name Status None NA none NA NDDH TMDLs Number Listed Lakes/Reservoirs - 2 Streams – 4 Soil Conservation District Assessments and Studies Name Status Upper Sheyenne River - WRAS Ongoing EPA 319 Watershed Projects Name Upper Sheyenne River NDSU Livestock I&E and Technical Assistance Red River Riparian Area Status Ongoing Ongoing Ongoing 7 of 10 September 20, 2005 Upper Sheyenne River - 09020202 8-Digit Hydrologic Unit Profile June 2005 Resource Concerns - Continued Sensitive Aquifer Map Resource Concerns Reduce Soil Erosion Sandy soils and steep soils still require conservation practices to control excessive soil erosion. Windbreak plantings, reduced tillage systems, and improved cropping systems are still needed. Water Quality Sediment and nutrients are primary water quality pollutants impairing the watershed streams and lakes. The Sheyenne River has a large number of livestock operations on or near the river, which are having some water quality impacts from nutrient loading. There are six shallow aquifers that are considered sensitive to nitrate and pesticide loading. Water Quantity Flooding in the valley does occasionally occur and impact crop production. Soils Soil health, especially compaction on heavier or fine textures soils and organic matter on sandy soils are two resource concerns. 8 of 10 September 20, 2005 Upper Sheyenne River - 09020202 8-Digit Hydrologic Unit Profile June 2005 Grass/Pasture/Hay Lands Major concerns are with controlling invasive weeds and maintaining good pasture condition. Row and Grain Crops Direct seeding and annual cropping has been successful. Soil erosion and low organic matter remain resource concerns. Conventional tillage systems are still utilized. Water conservation and water quality (potential for pesticide contamination) are issues on irrigated cropland. Rangelands Noxious weeds and poor range condition reduce productivity for livestock and wildlife. FEDERALLY LISTED THREATENED AND ENDANGERED SPECIES THREATENED SPECIES CANDIDATE SPECIES Marine - None Fish - None Mammals – None Birds – None Birds - Bald eagle, Whooping Crane, Piping Plover Invertebrates – Dakota Skipper Fish – None Amphibians and Reptiles – None Invertebrates – None Plants – None Plants – None PROPOSED SPECIES None ESSENTIAL FISH HABITAT – None Census and Social Data Number of Farms: 730 Number of Operators: Number 400 300 200 100 0 1 to 9 Size of Farms Average Age: 55 Full-Time Operators: 72% Part-Time Operators: 28% Age of Farmers 250 200 Number 150 100 50 0 Under 25 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 54 55 to 59 60 to 64 65 to 70 and 69 over 10 to 49 50 to 179 180 to 499 500 to 1,000 + 999 Acres Age 9 of 10 September 20, 2005

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