Your guide to Oregon OSHA's safety and health training

Be Trained! Your guide to Oregon OSHA’s safety and health training requirements About this document — Be Trained ! is an Oregon OSHA Standards and Technical Resources publication. Thanks to the following individuals for crafting the final document: • Patricia Young: Oregon OSHA, layout and design • Lisa Morawski: DCBS Communications, editing and proofing Comments or suggestions for improving the guide? Contact Ellis Brasch: (503) 947-7399; ellis.k.brasch@state.or.us. Priracy notice: Reprinting, excerpting, or plagiarizing this publication is fine with us! Please inform Oregon OSHA of you intention as a courtesy. Topic category: Safety and health management Contents Contents Introduction How to use this guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . viii Why training is important . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .ix Who should train your employees? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .ix Developing a training plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . x Documenting training . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiv Safety & Health Training Requirements General administrative rules 1 Rules for all workplaces 437-001-0760 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Rules for workplace safety committees 437-001-0765 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Loss-prevention services 437-001-1035 and 437-001-1040 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Self-insured employers 437-001-1060 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 General industry rules 5 2/E - Means of egress Emergency action plan 437-002-0042 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Fire prevention plan 437-002-0043 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 2/F - Powered platforms, lifts, and vehicle-mounted platforms Powered platforms for exterior building maintenance 1910 .66 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Vehicle-mounted elevating and rotating work platforms 1910 .67 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 2/G - Occupational health and environmental control Occupational noise exposure 1910 .95 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 2/H - Hazardous materials Hydrogen 1910 .103 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Explosives and blasting agents 1910 .109 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Storage and handling of liquefied petroleum gasses 1910 .110 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Process safety management of highly hazardous chemicals 1910 .119 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Hazardous waste operations and emergency response 1910 .120 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Oregon rules for reinforced plastics manufacturing 437-002-0118 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 2/I - Personal protective equipment General requirements 1910 .132 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Respiratory protection 1910 .134 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 2/J - General environmental controls Accident prevention signs and tags 1910 .145 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Permit-required confined spaces 1910 .146 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 The control of hazardous energy (lockout/tagout) 1910 .147 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 ii Contents 2/K - Medical and first aid Medical services and first aid 437-002-0161 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 2/L - Fire protection Portable fire extinguishers 1910 .157 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Standpipe and hose systems 1910 .158 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Fixed extinguishing systems, general 1910 .160 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Fire-detection systems 1910 .164 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Employee alarm systems 1910 .165 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Oregon rules for firefighters 437-002-0182 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 2/N - Material handling and storage Servicing multipiece and single piece rim wheels 1910 .177 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20 Powered industrial trucks 1910 .178 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20 Handling materials 437-002-0221 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Oregon rules for commercial and industrial vehicles 437-002-0223 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Oregon general requirements for cranes 437-002-0228 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Overhead and gantry cranes 1910 .179 and 437-002-0229 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 2/O - Machinery and machine guarding Mechanical power presses 1910 .217 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22 Forging machines 1910 .218 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22 Refuse collection and compaction equipment 437-002-0256 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22 2/Q - Welding, cutting, and brazing Welding, cutting, and brazing — general requirements 1910 .252 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23 Oxygen-fuel gas welding and cutting 1910 .253 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23 Arc welding and cutting 1910 .254 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23 2/R - Special industries Laundry machinery and operations 1910 .264 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23 Telecommunications 1910 .268 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Electric power generation, transmission, and distribution 1910 .269 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Grain-handling facilities 1910 .272 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26 Tree and shrub services, Oregon rules 437-002-0303, 437-002-0304, 437-002-0310 26 Pulp, paper, and paperboard mills, Oregon rules 437-002-0312 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26 2/S - Electrical Training 1910 .332 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 2/T - Commercial diving operations Commercial diving operations, qualifications of dive team 1910 .410 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 2/Z - Toxic and hazardous substances Asbestos 1910 .1001 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28 13 carcinogens 1910 .1003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28 iii Contents Vinyl chloride 1910 .1017 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29 Inorganic arsenic 1910 .1018 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30 Lead 1910 .1025 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30 Cadmium 1910 .1027 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Benzene 1910 .1028 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Coke oven emissions 1910 .1029 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Bloodborne pathogens 1910 .1030 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32 Cotton dust 1910 .1043 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane 1910 .1044 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33 Acrylonitrile 1910 .1045 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34 Ethylene oxide 1910 .1047 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34 Formaldehyde 1910 .1048 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34 Methylenedianiline 1910 .1050 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35 1,3, butadiene 1910 .1051 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36 Methylene chloride 1910 .1052 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36 Ionizing radiation 1910 .1096 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36 Hazard communication 1910 .1200 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 Occupational exposure to hazardous chemicals in laboratories 1910 .1450 . . . . . . . . . . . 37 MOCA (4,4’-methylene bis (2-chloroaniline) 437-002-0364 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38 Thiram, Oregon rules 437-002-0373 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38 Construction 39 3/C - General safety and health provisions Construction safety training and education 1926 .21 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40 3/D - Occupational health and environmental controls Medical services and first aid 1926 .50 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40 Ionizing radiation 1926 .53 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40 Hazard communication 1926 .59 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40 Methylenedianiline (MDA) 1926 .60 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 Lead 1926 .62 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 Occupational noise exposure (applicable rules) 437-003-0027 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42 3/E - Personal protective and life saving equipment Respiratory protection 1926 .103 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42 3/F - Fire protection and prevention Fire protection 1926 .150 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42 3/I - Tools, hand and power Power-operated hand tools 1926 .302 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42 iv Contents 3/J - Welding and cutting Gas welding and cutting 1926 .350 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43 Arc welding and cutting 1926 .351 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43 Fire prevention, welding and cutting 1926 .352 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43 3/M - Fall protection Training requirements, fall protection 437-003-0503 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44 3/N - Cranes, derricks, hoists, elevators, and conveyers Wind velocity device, cranes and derricks 437-003-0080 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44 Crane operator safety training requirements 437-003-0081 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44 3/O - Motor vehicles, mechanized equipment and marine operations Site clearing, pre-construction activities 1926 .604 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45 3/R - Steel erection Hoisting and rigging 1926 .753 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45 Training, steel erection 1926 .761 and 437-003-0761 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45 3/S - Underground construction, caissons, cofferdams, and compressed air Underground construction 1926 .800 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46 Compressed air 1926 .803 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46 3/U - Blasting and use of explosives Blaster qualifications 1926 .901 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 Surface transportation of explosives 1926 .902 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 Firing the blast 1926 .909 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 3/V - Power transmission and distribution Power transmission and distribution 1926 .950 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 3/X - Stairways and ladders Stairways and ladders, training requirements 1926 .1060 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .48 3/Z - Toxic and hazardous substances Asbestos 1926 .1101 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .48 Cadmium 1926 .1127 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49 Methylene chloride 1926 .1152 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .50 Agriculture 51 4/A - General subjects General standards 437-004-0099 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .52 4/C - Safety committees Safety committees 437-004-0250 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .52 4/G - Health/environment Noise exposure 437-004-0630 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .53 4/I - Protective equipment Respiratory protection 437-004-1041 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .53 v Contents 4/J - Work environment The control of hazardous energy (lockout/tagout) 437-004-1275 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .54 4/K - Medical/first aid Medical services and first aid 437-004-1305 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .54 4/N - Material handling Forklifts and other powered industrial trucks 437-004-1700 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .54 4/W - Worker protection standard Pesticide handling and application requirements (Worker protection standard ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55 4/Z - Chemical/toxins Lead 437-004-9600 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .56 Cadmium 437-004-9620 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .56 Hazard communication 437-004-9800 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .56 Forest activities 57 7/B - Safety and health program Supervisory responsibilities 437-007-0110 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .58 Accident investigation 437-007-0125 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .58 Training, safety and health program 437-007-0140 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .58 7/C - Planning, first aid, and work conditions Hazard identification 437-007-0205 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .58 Medical services and first aid 437-007-0220 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .59 7/D - Personal protective equipment and programs Respiratory protection when machines are operated 437-007-0350 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .59 7/E - Tools, fire extinguishers, and explosives Fire extinguishers 437-007-0410 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .59 7/H - Machines used in forest activities General machine operator requirements 437-007-0705 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .59 Securing machines 437-007-0725 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .60 7/J - Yarding, processing, signaling, and communications Working near standing tree anchors and tail support trees 437-007-0927 . . . . . . . . . . . . .60 7/N - Wildland fire suppression Training, wildland fire suppression 437-007-1325 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .60 vi Introduction Introduction How to use this guide Use the table of contents to find training requirements that may apply to your workplace. This guide includes most rules that require safety training for employees, a summary of each rule, and a reference to the full text. There’s also a key to related Oregon OSHA publications and publication numbers and other information as shown in the example below. Remember: This guide doesn’t replace the rules . Always check the rule to be sure you’re not overlooking anything . Example Rule Rule number Requirement summary Related publication Reference to full text Key to other information in this rule P – Program requirement QP – Qualified person required CP – Competent person required FC – Frequently cited for violation R – Respirator required M – Monitoring requirement RK – Recordkeeping required W – Written materials required C – Certification requirement MS – Medical surveillance requirement viii Introduction Why training is important If you’re an employer, you know the skills your employees need to do their jobs. But do you know what training they need to do their jobs safely? The time and money it takes to train employees is an investment that pays off in fewer workplace accidents and lower insurance premiums. Training helps new and inexperienced employees, who tend to have more injuries and illnesses than experienced employees. If you’re an employer, you must train your employees in the safety and health aspects of their jobs; however, Oregon OSHA’s training requirements are not the same for all workplaces. This guide can help you determine the training your employees need to do their jobs safely and develop a training plan for your workplace. Oregon OSHA offers free training workshops that introduce employers and employees to workplace safety and health topics. You’ll find a list of Oregon OSHA workshops in this guide. Who should train your employees? You can determine who will train your employees. However, trainers must have appropriate technical knowledge, skill, and ability in the subjects they teach. They need to be able to communicate effectively, motivate their students, and apply learning objectives that meet their student’s needs. And they should maintain their training skills by participating in continuing education related to their areas of expertise. ix Introduction Developing a training plan The purpose of a training plan is to provide policy and guidelines for delivering effective training. Training plans should be written and should describe clearly how trainers will do the following: • •• Identify training needs • •• Develop training objectives • •• Develop learning objectives • •• Conduct training • •• Evaluate training results Identify training needs The first steps in developing a training plan are to determine who needs to be trained and what they need to learn. One way to determine who needs training is to identify those at risk of injury or illness. Examples: • •• Younger employees tend to have higher injury rates than more experienced employees. • •• Newer employees tend to have more injuries than more experienced employees. • •• Employees who use machines or work with hazardous substances should be considered at risk. Unfamiliar equipment, inexperience with work processes, or unsafe work practices also put employees at risk. A useful tool for determining the training needs of employees who use machines or work with hazardous substances is a job-hazard analysis (JHA). JHA is a method of identifying, assessing, and controlling hazards associated with a specific job. A JHA breaks down a job into tasks; each task is evaluated to determine if there is a better, safer way to do it. A job-hazard analysis works well for jobs with difficult-to-control hazards and jobs with histories of accidents or near misses. JHAs for complex jobs can take considerable time and expertise to develop. You may want help from a safety and health professional for such tasks. x Introduction Determining training and non-training options Poor safety performance may not be the result of a training deficiency.This flow chart illustrates how to determine whether training or an alternative can improve performance. The employee performs a task unsafely Yes Does the employee know how to accomplish the task safely? No Has the employee performed the task before? No Conduct intiial safety training Yes Is supervision adequate? No Improve supervision Yes Yes Does the employee do the task frequently? No Conduct practice session Is enforcement adequate? No Improve accountability Yes Is leadership adequate? No Improve safety and health leadership Yes Yes Provide feedback Are resources adequate? No Provide resources Consider discipline xi Introduction Develop learning objectives After you identify employees’ training needs, develop objectives that describe in specific,• action-oriented language what employees will know and be able to do after training. Example of a learning objective At the end of the training session, when given an accident scenario, you will be able to list at least three surface causes for the accident. • •• The learning objective states a time: “At the end of the training session” • •• The learning objective describes the conditions: “When given an accident scenario” • •• The learning objective identifies the performers: “You” • •• The learning objective contains an action verb: “List” • •• The learning objective states a standard of performance: “At least three surface causes” Develop learning activities Learning activities allow students to practice during a training session to demonstrate that they have learned tasks or skills. Learning activities should simulate work tasks as closely as possible to ensure that students will be able to transfer their skills to their jobs. Most safety training is on the job. The steps in the following example are typical for on-the-job training. Step-by-step example of a learning activity for a hazardous job • •• The trainer tells the student what he or she is going to learn and emphasizes why• it’s important. • •• First, the trainer explains and then performs each step of the procedure so that the• student becomes familiar with it and understands why it’s important. Trainer: Explains a step and then performs a step. Student: Observes each step and questions the trainer. • •• Next, the student explains each step of the procedure to the trainer and then the trainer performs it. This gives the trainer an opportunity to discover whether the student understands the procedure and it protects the student because the trainer does the task. Student:•Explains each step and responds to questions. • • Trainer:•Performs each step and questions the student. • •• Finally, the student explains each step, gets permission to perform each step, and then performs each step of the procedure. The student must get permission to do each step. • • Student:•Explains each step, gets permission, and performs each step. • • Trainer: Gives permission, observes, and questions the student. • •• The trainer recognizes the student for a good job, emphasizes the importance of the safe procedure, and states the discipline policy for not following it. xii Introduction Conduct the training The presentation The presentation must be well-organized and easy to understand. Trainers should provide an overview of the material, relate the material to the students’ interests, and summarize the learning objectives. Effective presentations also involve students in learning activities and encourage them to practice skills. Students can become involved by participating in discussions, hands-on learning activities, and role-playing exercises. Recommendations for the presentation: • •• Plan and prepare the presentation, ensuring appropriateness for the target audience. • •• Have an adequate supply of all training materials and make sure audio/visual • equipment is working. • •• Use training methods and materials that support the learning objectives. • •• Treat students with respect. • •• Recognize and respond to individual learning styles. The location The training location should be accessible to all students. Students must be able to see and hear the presentation. Consider the needs of nonreaders and other students with disabilities. The following are essential for the learning environment: • •• It’s safe and free of hazards. • •• It has easy access to drinking water and restrooms. • •• Its temperature is comfortable. • •• Its lighting is adequate. • •• It has sufficient seating and work areas. • •• It has a posted evacuation route. xiii Introduction Evaluate training results Were students attentive and satisfied with the training session? Was the material confusing or distracting? Did the training achieve the learning objectives? Did students apply their learned skills on the job? To answer these questions, you need to evaluate the training presentation; there are three basic ways of doing so: • •• Were students satisfied with the training they received? Have students describe what they thought about the training content and the trainer’s presentation skills at the end of the session. Post-training satisfaction surveys are typical of such methods. • •• What did the students learn? Assess what students learned from the training by measuring their knowledge and skills. Evaluation methods include written tests and skill demonstrations, which are necessary when students must be able to demonstrate knowledge, perform a procedure, or accomplish a task. • •• Did the student’s behavior change as a result of the training? Did the training improve on-the-job skills, for example? This level of evaluation is an effective way to determine how training affects work practices. Evaluation methods include supervisor assessments of student behavior and analysis of injuries and near-miss incidents before and after the training. Documenting training Keep records that show training that employees received. Minimum documentation should identify who was trained, training dates, type of training, and the trainer. Example — Training received: • __________________________________________________________ Date: •_____________________________________________________________________ Location: • _________________________________________________________________ I have received training on the subjects listed. The training has given me an opportunity • to ask questions and practice the learning objectives. I will comply with all workplace safety and health requirements discussed during the training. I understand that failure to comply • may result in discipline or termination of my employment. Employee name and date: • ____________________________________________________ Trainer name and date: • ______________________________________________________ _ xiv Safety & Health Training Requirements  General administrative rules  General administrative rules Rules for all workplaces 437-001-0760 W, QP, EC Employees must be properly instructed and supervised in the safe operation of machinery, tools, equipment, processes, or practices that they are authorized to use. ™ 437-001-0760(1), Employer’s responsibilities Rules for workplace safety committees 437-001-0765 W, FC, RK All safety committee representatives must receive training in identifying hazards and investigating accidents and near misses. You must pay them their regular wages when they participate in safety committee training. The following must be discussed with all safety committee members: The safety committee’s purpose and how it operates Oregon OSHA’s rules for all workplaces [437-001-0760] and rules for workplace safety committees [437-001-0765] How safety committee meetings will be conducted Safety committee representatives must have access to Oregon OSHA rules that apply to their workplace and understand how their organization complies. ® ™ ™ See the Oregon OSHA publications, “Safety committees for the real world” [440-2341] and “Safety committees: A guide for workplaces with 10 or fewer employees” [440-3124A] 437-001-0765(6)(d)(E), Hazard assessment and control 437-001-0765(7), Safety and health training and instruction Key: P-Program requirement, QP-Qualified person required, CP-Competent person required, FC-Frequently cited for violation, R-Respirator required, M-Monitoring requirement, RK-Recordkeeping required, W-Written materials required, C-Certification requirement, MS-Medical surveillance requirement  General administrative rules Loss-prevention services 437-001-1035 and 437-001-1040 RK Insurers must make health and safety loss-prevention services available to their insured employers. Loss-prevention services include identifying employers’ health and safety training needs. Within 90 days after Oregon OSHA notifies an insurer that an employer requires loss-prevention service, the insurer must help the employer prepare a written loss-prevention plan based on the results of a hazard survey. The plan must include training practices and follow-up training. ™ ™ 437-001-1035(2), Loss-prevention services 437-001-1040(2), Required loss-prevention services Self-insured employers 437-001-1060 Self-insured employers and employers in a group self-insurance program must have lossprevention programs that identify and control hazards. The programs must include hazard identification and accident investigation training. RK ™ 437-001-1060(3), Self-insured and group self-insured employer loss prevention effort Key: P-Program requirement, QP-Qualified person required, CP-Competent person required, FC-Frequently cited for violation, R-Respirator required, M-Monitoring requirement, RK-Recordkeeping required, W-Written materials required, C-Certification requirement, MS-Medical surveillance requirement  Notes   General industry rules  General industry rules 2/E Emergency action plan 437-002-0042 W If your workplace has more than 10 employees and must comply with any of the following rules, it must have a written emergency action plan: Process safety management of highly hazardous chemicals — 1910.119(n) Hazardous waste operations and emergency response — 1910.120(l)(1)(ii), 1910.120(p)(8)(i), 1910.120(q)(1), or 1910.120(q)(11)(ii) Portable fire extinguishers — 1910.157(a) Fixed extinguishing systems, general — 1910.160(c)(1) Fire detection systems — 1910.164(e)(3) Grain handling facilities — 1910.272(d) Ethylene oxide — 1910.1047(h)(1) Methylenedianiline — 1910.1050(d)(1)(iii) 1-3 Butadiene — 1910.1051(j) Methylenedianiline — 1926.60(e)(1)(iii) An emergency action plan describes how employees will respond to emergencies such as fires, toxic chemical releases, severe weather, and floods. If your workplace has 10 or fewer employees and must comply with any of the above rules, the emergency action plan does not have to be in writing. Designate and train a sufficient number of employees to assist in a safe and orderly evacuation in an emergency. Review with new employees those parts of your emergency action plan that they must know during an emergency. Also, review the plan with employees whenever their responsibilities under the plan change or the plan itself is changed. If you have 10 or fewer employees, you need only describe the plan to them orally. ® ™ See the Oregon OSHA publication, “Expecting the unexpected: What to consider in planning for workplace emergencies” [440-3356] 437-002-0042(4), Training 2/E Fire prevention plan 437-002-0043 If your workplace has more than 10 employees and must comply with any of the following rules, it must have a written fire prevention plan: Portable fire extinguishers — 1910.157(a) Ethylene oxide — 1910.1047(h)(1) Methylenedianiline — 1910.1050(d)(1)(iii) 1-3 Butadiene — 1910.1051(j) Methylenedianiline — 1926.60(e)(1)(iii) If your workplace has 10 or fewer employees and must comply with any of the above rules, the fire prevention plan does not have to be in writing. Key: P-Program requirement, QP-Qualified person required, CP-Competent person required, FC-Frequently cited for violation, R-Respirator required, M-Monitoring requirement, RK-Recordkeeping required, W-Written materials required, C-Certification requirement, MS-Medical surveillance requirement W  General industry rules Review with employees before their initial assignment the parts of the fire prevention plan they must know in emergencies and inform them about fire hazards to which they might be exposed. The plan must be in the workplace, available for employees to review. If your workplace has 10 or fewer employees, you need only describe the plan to them orally. ™ 437-002-0043(3), Employee information 2/F Powered platforms for exterior building maintenance 1910.66 W, CP, C, RK Powered platforms must be operated only by employees trained in the following: Recognizing and preventing hazards associated with their work tasks Recognizing and preventing powered-platform hazards Emergency action plan procedures Work procedures for operating and inspecting working platforms Personal fall-arrest system inspection, care, and use Emergency planning. Each working platform must have a written emergency action plan that explains emergency procedures, escape routes, and alarms. Review the plan with employees before they first use the platform and whenever the plan is changed. Competent person. A designated competent person must train employees to operate and inspect powered platforms. Certification. Certify that employees have been trained to operate and inspect powered platforms, documenting their names, trainer signatures, and training dates. Maintain documentation for the duration of their employment. ™ ™ 1910.66(e)(9), Emergency planning 1910.66(i)(1)(iv)-(v), Operations — training 2/F Vehicle-mounted elevating and rotating work platforms 1910.67 Only trained persons are permitted to operate aerial lifts. ™ 1910.67(c)(2), Extensible and articulating boom platforms Key: P-Program requirement, QP-Qualified person required, CP-Competent person required, FC-Frequently cited for violation, R-Respirator required, M-Monitoring requirement, RK-Recordkeeping required, W-Written materials required, C-Certification requirement, MS-Medical surveillance requirement  General industry rules 2/G Occupational noise exposure 1910.95 P, FC, M, RK You must have an annual training program for employees exposed to noise at or above an eight-hour time-weighted average of 85 decibels. The program must be updated to reflect changes in personal protective equipment and work processes. Those exposed to noise at or above the 85-decibel limit must be fitted with hearing protectors and trained how to use and care for them. Provide training and education program materials to Oregon OSHA upon request. ® ™ See the Oregon OSHA publication, “Quiet! Oregon OSHA’s concise guide to hearing protection” [440-3349] 1910.95(k), Training program 2/H Hydrogen 1910.103 W, QP This rule applies to liquefied hydrogen systems on consumer premises. Maintain legible written operating instructions at installations that require employees to operate the equipment. Hydrogen process equipment operators must keep legible operating instructions at their work locations. A qualified person must be present when a mobile hydrogen supply unit is being unloaded. ™ 1910.103(c)(4)(i), Written instructions Explosives and blasting agents 1910.109 2/H P, QP, CP Transporting explosives. Motor vehicles that transport explosives must be equipped with fully charged fire extinguishers that drivers must be trained to use. Every vehicle transporting Class A or Class B explosives must be attended by a person who knows the class of explosive material and its dangers. The attendant must be trained to protect the public from those dangers. Bulk delivery and mixing vehicles. The operator must be trained in the safe operation of the vehicle and its mixing and conveying equipment. The operator must be familiar with the commodities being delivered and the general procedure for handling emergencies. ™ ™ ™ 1910.109(d)(3), Operation of transportation vehicles 1910.109(g)(3)(iii)(A), Bulk delivery and mixing vehicles 1910.109(h)(4)(ii)(B), Bulk delivery and mixing vehicles Key: P-Program requirement, QP-Qualified person required, CP-Competent person required, FC-Frequently cited for violation, R-Respirator required, M-Monitoring requirement, RK-Recordkeeping required, W-Written materials required, C-Certification requirement, MS-Medical surveillance requirement  General industry rules Storage and handling of liquefied petroleum gasses 1910.110 2/H Employees whose work involves installing, removing, operating, and maintaining LP gas must be properly trained. When standard watch service is provided at LP gas installations, attending personnel must be appropriately trained. ™ ™ 1910.110(b)(16), Operation, and maintenance work, instruction 1910.110(d)(12)(i), Systems not using DOT containers 2/H Process safety management of highly hazardous chemicals 1910.119 W, C, RK Employees involved in chemical process work must be trained in the hazards, emergency operations, and safe work practices applicable to their jobs. Certify that employees understand the training; documentation must include the employee’s name and training date. Instead of initial training, you may document that an employee has the skills to safely carry out responsibilities indicated in the operating procedures. Employees must have refresher training at least every three years to ensure that they understand current operating procedures. If you are a contract employer, you must ensure that your employees receive training in performing their jobs safely in fire, explosion, and toxic-release hazards, and in the company’s emergency action plan. You must ensure that the employees understand their training; document their names, training dates, and how you determined that they understood the training. Employees who maintain process equipment must be trained in the equipment’s hazards and operating procedures. Maintenance and contract workers whose job tasks are affected by a process change must receive information and training about the changed process. ™ ™ ™ 1910.119(h)(3)(i), Contract employer responsibilities 1910.119(g), Training 1910.119(j)(3), Training for process maintenance activities Key: P-Program requirement, QP-Qualified person required, CP-Competent person required, FC-Frequently cited for violation, R-Respirator required, M-Monitoring requirement, RK-Recordkeeping required, W-Written materials required, C-Certification requirement, MS-Medical surveillance requirement  General industry rules 2/H Hazardous waste operations and emergency response 1910.120 W, P, QP, M, MS, C, RK After hazardous substances at a site have been identified, the risks associated with the substances must be established and employees must be informed of the risks. Employees must be trained before they are permitted to work with hazardous waste. They cannot participate in or supervise field activities until they have been trained at the level required by their jobs and responsibilities. Training must cover the following: Names of employees and alternates responsible for worksite safety and health Hazards on the site Use of personal protective equipment Safe work practices Engineering controls and equipment used on site Medical surveillance requirements Site safety and health plan requirements Required training for employees: General site workers such as equipment operators, general laborers, and supervisory personnel whose activities expose them to hazardous substances must have at least 40 hours of instruction and three days of supervised field experience. Workers who are on site only to accomplish a specific task and who are unlikely to be exposed over permissible exposure limits must have at least 24 hours of instruction and one day of supervised field experience. Workers regularly on site must have at least 24 hours of instruction and one day of supervised field experience if they work in areas where exposures are under permissible limits, where respirators are not necessary, and where there are no health hazards or possible emergencies. Workers with 24 hours of training who become general site workers or who are required to wear respirators must have an additional 16 hours of instruction and two days of field training to equal the 40-hour training requirement for general site workers. On-site managers and supervisors directly responsible for those engaged in hazardous-waste operations must have 40 hours of general training, three days of supervised field experience, and at least eight additional hours of specialized training. Training should cover your safety and health program, personal protective equipment, spill containment, and health-hazard monitoring procedures. Training may be reduced to 24 hours and one day for supervisors of workers who work on site occasionally or who work in areas where hazards don’t exceed permissible exposure limits and where respirators are not required. Trainers must have satisfactorily completed a training program for teaching required subjects or they must have appropriate academic credentials and experience; they must be able to demonstrate instructional skills and knowledge in the required subjects. Key: P-Program requirement, QP-Qualified person required, CP-Competent person required, FC-Frequently cited for violation, R-Respirator required, M-Monitoring requirement, RK-Recordkeeping required, W-Written materials required, C-Certification requirement, MS-Medical surveillance requirement 0 General industry rules Employees must be certified to work with hazardous waste. Those who have successfully completed hazardous-waste training must be certified by their instructors and must receive certificates. Employees who have not been certified or who do not have the required training cannot do hazardous-waste work. Annual refresher training is required. Those who work on site and who are exposed to hazardous substances must have eight hours of annual refresher training. Equivalent training is an option. If you can show that an employee’s hazardous-waste experience or training is equivalent to the requirements of 1910.120(e)(1)-(4), you don’t have to provide initial training. However, certified employees or those with equivalent training who are new to a site must receive appropriate, site-specific training and must have supervised field experience at the new site. Emergency-response training is required. Those who respond to hazardous emergencies at hazardous-waste cleanup sites must be trained to respond safely to the emergencies. Rehearse your emergency-response plan. Rehearse your emergency-response plan regularly as part of your overall training program for site operations. Inform workers at commercial laundries or cleaning establishments. Workers who decontaminate protective clothing or equipment must be informed about harmful effects of exposure to hazardous substances. Emergency response to hazardous-substance releases Emergency-response training must be matched to the tasks performed by each emergency responder. New responders must have appropriate skills before they take part in actual emergencies. Employees who participate in emergency-response activities must be trained in one of the following classifications: First responder, awareness level First responder, operations level Hazardous materials technician Hazardous materials specialist On-scene incident commander Skilled equipment workers who are needed temporarily to perform immediate emergencysupport work and who may be exposed to hazards at an emergency scene don’t need to meet the training requirements for other responders; however, they must be briefed at the site before participating. The briefing must cover the duties they will perform, use of personal protective equipment, and the chemical hazards involved. Those who work with hazardous substances and who might be called upon to give technical advice must receive annual training or demonstrate competency in their area of specialization.  General industry rules First responders at the awareness level are those most likely to encounter hazardous substance releases and who notify authorities of the release. First responders at the awareness level must have training or sufficient experience to demonstrate the following: An understanding of hazardous substances and the risks associated with them An understanding of potential outcomes of an emergency involving hazardous substances The ability to identify hazardous substances in an emergency An understanding of the first-responder awareness level role in the employer’s emergencyresponse plan The ability to recognize when additional emergency resources are needed and to notify appropriate responders First responders at the operations level respond to hazardous substance releases to protect people, property, or the environment. They are trained to respond defensively rather than to stop the release. Their job is to contain the release from a safe distance, keep it from spreading, and prevent exposures. First responders at the operations level must have at least eight hours of training or sufficient experience that demonstrates the following: Knowledge of hazard- and risk-assessment techniques Knowledge of selecting and using personal protective equipment An understanding of hazardous-material terms Knowledge of control, containment, and confinement work with available resources Knowledge of implementing decontamination procedures An understanding of operation and termination procedures Hazardous-materials technicians are trained to stop a hazardous substance release; they have a bigger role than that of first responders at the operations level. Hazardous-materials technicians must have at least 24 hours of training equivalent to the first-responder operations level and they must know how to do the following: Implement the employer’s emergency-response plan Use field survey instruments to classify, identify, and verify materials Work an assigned role in the incident command system Select and use personal protective equipment Understand hazard- and risk-assessment techniques Perform advanced control, containment, and confinement operations Understand and implement decontamination procedures Understand termination procedures Understand basic chemical and toxicological terms  General industry rules Hazardous-materials specialists support hazardous-materials technicians. The hazardousmaterials specialist also acts as the site liaison with federal, state, local, and other government authorities. Hazardous-materials specialists must have at least 24 hours of training, equivalent to that required for the technician level and must know the following: How to implement the local emergency-response plan How to classify, identify, and verify materials The state emergency-response plan How to select and use personal protective equipment In-depth hazard and risk techniques How to perform specialized control, containment, and/or confinement operations How to determine and implement decontamination procedures How to develop a site safety and control plan Chemical, radiology, and toxicology terminology On-scene incident commanders who assume control of incident scenes beyond the first responder awareness level must have at least 24 hours of training equal to the first responder operations level and must know the following: How to implement the employer’s incident-command system How to implement the employer’s emergency-response plan Hazards associated with working in chemical-protective clothing How to implement the local emergency-response plan The state emergency-response plan and the Federal Regional Response Team The importance of decontamination procedures Trainers must complete courses for their subjects or they must have equivalent academic credentials and instructional experience. Annual refresher training is required. Those who have been trained in emergency-response planning must have annual refresher training. The employer must issue a statement of competency for each employee and keep a record of the method used to demonstrate competency. Train those who do cleanup on plant property. Employees who do cleanup on plant property after an emergency must have training in the following areas: Emergency plans and fire-prevention plans Respiratory protection Hazard communication Safety and health training relevant to the tasks they are expected to perform  General industry rules Hazardous waste operations: treatment, storage, and disposal facilities Train employees exposed to health hazards or hazardous substances at treatment, storage, and disposal facilities. New employees must have 24 hours of initial training and eight hours of annual refresher training. Those who have successfully completed the initial training must receive a certificate attesting that they have done so. If you can show that an employee’s experience and training meet the required training, you can waive initial training. All employees must have eight hours of annual refresher training. Trainers must satisfactorily complete courses in the subjects they teach or have equivalent academic credentials and experience. Emergency responders must be trained before they respond to real emergencies. Training must cover emergency-response plans, standard operating procedures, how to use personal protective equipment, and emergency procedures. There are two cases in which you need not train all employees for emergency-response activities: Your workforce is divided so that a sufficient number of employees have the requisite training and others can recognize an emergency and summon trained responders. You have made arrangements in advance for an outside emergency team to respond and your employees can recognize an emergency and call the response team. Members of disposal-facility emergency-response teams must be trained to recognize health and safety hazards so they can protect themselves and others. Training must cover the following: Methods to minimize safety and health hazards Safe use of control equipment Selection and use of personal protective equipment Safe operating procedures How to coordinate with other workers to minimize risk Appropriate responses to overexposure How to recognize symptoms resulting from overexposure Trained employees must be certified. Document that each employee has attended and successfully completed emergency-response training. Rehearse the emergency-response plan. Responders must regularly rehearse your emergencyresponse plan as part of the overall training program for site operations. ® See the Oregon OSHA publication, “HAZWOPER: A planning guide for the perplexed” [440-2117] ™ ™ ™ ™ ™  1910.120(c)(7), Risk identification 1910.120(e), Training 1910.120(l)(3)(iv), Procedures for handling emergency incidents 1910.120(p)(7), Training program 1910.120(p)(8)(iii), Hazardous-waste operations and emergency response General industry rules ™ ™ ™ ™ ™ ™ ™ ™ ™ 1910.120(p)(8), Emergency response program 1910.120(q)(11)(ii), Post-emergency response operations 1910.120(q)(2), Hazardous waste operations and emergency response 1910.120(q)(3)(vii), Hazardous waste operations and emergency response 1910.120(q)(4), Skilled support personnel 1910.120(q)(5), Specialist employees 1910.120(q)(6), Training 1910.120(q)(7), Trainers 1910.120(q)(8), Refresher training 2/H Oregon rules for reinforced plastics manufacturing 437-002-0118 Train workers to handle materials safely. Training must include instruction in the following: Storage and handling Cleanup and disposal of spills First aid for spills Potential health and safety hazards Personal hygiene Personal protective measures and labeling Eye protection. An eyewash fountain must be available no more than 25 feet or 15 seconds from any work area where methylethyl ketone peroxide is being mixed or transferred. The 15-second criterion applies if other workers are close enough under normal working conditions to offer assistance and if you have a formal training program that includes first-aid procedures for eye injuries. Identification labels. Hazardous-material identification labels must be on all containers of discarded hazardous chemicals. Labels are not required on small containers used and discarded in one work shift. Descriptions explaining the labeling system must be prominently posted in the workplace. Workers must be trained so that they understand what the labels mean. ™ 437-002-0118(6), Employee information and training Key: P-Program requirement, QP-Qualified person required, CP-Competent person required, FC-Frequently cited for violation, R-Respirator required, M-Monitoring requirement, RK-Recordkeeping required, W-Written materials required, C-Certification requirement, MS-Medical surveillance requirement  General industry rules 2/I Personal protective equipment [General requirements] 1910.132 W, P, FC, C You must assess your workplace to determine if there are hazards that require employees to use personal protective equipment (PPE) and you must verify the assessment by documenting the location, the person who did the assessment, and the date. Train employees who use PPE. Training must cover the following: When PPE is necessary What PPE is necessary How to put on, remove, adjust, and wear PPE The limitations of PPE Care, maintenance, and disposal of PPE Each employee must understand the training and demonstrate the ability to use PPE properly. Employees must be retrained when they can’t demonstrate required skills and when there are changes in the workplace or the PPE that make previous training obsolete. Certification. Document that employees have been trained. The certification must include the trainees’ names, training dates, and the type of training they received. These general PPE requirements apply to eye and face, head, and foot protection. They do not apply to respirators (see 1910.134) or electrical protective equipment (see 1910.137). ™ 2/I 1910.132(f), Training, general requirements Respiratory protection 1910.134 W, P, FC, R, MS, RK Train employees to use respirators properly. Training must focus on why a respirator is necessary, the importance of proper fit, a respirator’s capabilities and limitations, how to use a respirator in emergencies, and how to care for it. New employees who have had respirator training within 12 months of their hire date are exempt from training for their first year on the job if they can demonstrate they know how to use and maintain their respirators. Retraining is required at least annually; sooner if worksite hazards change or if employees switch to another type of respirator. Employees who don’t understand how to use or properly care for their respirators also must be retrained. Any employee not required to wear a respirator who asks to wear one must read 1910.134, Appendix D, Information for Employees Using Respirators When Not Required Under the Standard. ® See the Oregon OSHA publication, “Breathe Right! Oregon OSHA’s guide to developing a respiratory protection program for small business owners and managers” [440-3330] 1910.134(k), Training and information cited for violation, R-Respirator required, M-Monitoring requirement, RK-Recordkeeping required, W-Written materials required, C-Certification requirement, MS-Medical surveillance requirement ™ Key: P-Program requirement, QP-Qualified person required, CP-Competent person required, FC-Frequently  General industry rules 2/J Accident prevention signs and tags 1910.145 All employees must be instructed that danger signs indicate immediate danger and that caution signs indicate possible hazards against which proper precaution should be taken. ™ ™ 1910.145(c)(1)(ii), Danger signs 1910.145(c)(2)(ii), Caution signs 2/J Permit-required confined spaces 1910.145 W, P, C Employees exposed to permit-required confined-space hazards must have the understanding, knowledge, and skills necessary to perform their assigned duties. They must be trained before their duties are assigned and before any changes in their assigned duties. Certification. Document that employees accomplish their required training. Documentation must include each employee’s name, trainers’ signatures or initials, and training dates. The documentation must be available for inspection by employees and their authorized representatives. Rescue. Each member of a rescue team must be provided with and trained to use all equipment necessary for permit-space rescues. Each team member must be trained to perform assigned rescue duties, must receive the training required for authorized entrants, and must be trained in basic first aid and in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Attendants may enter a permit space to attempt a rescue if they have been trained and equipped for rescue work. Note: An authorized entrant is an employee who is authorized by the employer to enter a permit space. ® ™ ™ ™ ™ See the Oregon OSHA publication, “Not designed to be occupied! How to work safely in a permit-required confined space” [440-2864] 1910.146(d)(8), Training, entry operations 1910.146(g)(4), Training certification 1910.146(g), Training 1910.146(k)(1), Rescue and emergency services Key: P-Program requirement, QP-Qualified person required, CP-Competent person required, FC-Frequently cited for violation, R-Respirator required, M-Monitoring requirement, RK-Recordkeeping required, W-Written materials required, C-Certification requirement, MS-Medical surveillance requirement  General industry rules 2/J The control of hazardous energy (lockout/tagout) 1910.147 W, P, FC, C If you have employees who service equipment that could start or move unexpectedly, you must document energy-control procedures, periodic inspections, and employee training to ensure that employees are protected. Establish energy-control procedures, training, and periodic inspections to ensure that workers can safely service machinery and equipment. Authorized employees must have training in using and removing energy controls. All others who work in areas where energy-control procedures are in effect must also know the procedures. When tagout systems are used, workers must understand the limitations of tags. Certification. Document that workers are trained and that their training is current. Documentation must include each worker’s name and training dates. Removing locks or tags. Each lock or tag must be removed from its energy-isolating device by the employee who applied it. There is one exception: When the authorized employee who applied the lock or tag isn’t available to remove it, you can authorize another person to remove it, provided that procedures and training for removal are part of your energy-control program. ® ™ ™ ™ See the Oregon OSHA publication, “Oregon OSHA’s guide to controlling hazardous energy” [440-3326] 1910.147(c)(1), Energy control program 1910.147(c)(7), Training and communication 1910.147(e)(3), Lockout or tagout device removal Medical services and first aid 2/K 437-002-0161 If a clinic, hospital, or physician isn’t reasonably accessible to the worksite, a person trained in first aid must be available on site. ™ 437-002-0161(3)(b), Absence of an infirmary, clinic, hospital, or physician 2/L Portable fire extinguishers 1910.157 P, FC, RK Employees designated to use firefighting equipment under your emergency action plan must also be trained how to use the equipment properly. If you provide portable fire extinguishers, you must train employees annually how to use them and about the hazards involved in responding to fire emergencies. Standpipe systems or hose stations. You can use uniformly spaced standpipe systems or hose stations connected to a sprinkler system instead of Class A portable fire extinguishers, provided that such systems meet standpipe and automatic sprinkler systems requirements, that they cover the area needing protection, and that employees receive annual training in their use. Key: P-Program requirement, QP-Qualified person required, CP-Competent person required, FC-Frequently cited for violation, R-Respirator required, M-Monitoring requirement, RK-Recordkeeping required, W-Written materials required, C-Certification requirement, MS-Medical surveillance requirement  General industry rules Hydrostatic testing. Hydrostatic testing must be done by trained personnel with appropriate testing equipment. ™ ™ ™ 1910.157(d)(3), Selection and distribution 1910.157(f)(1), Hydrostatic testing 1910.157(g), Training and education 2/L Standpipe and hose systems 1910.158 Only trained personnel can inspect standpipe and hose systems. ™ 1910.158(e)(2)(vi), Maintenance 2/L Fixed extinguishing systems, general 1910.160 ™ 1910.160(b)(10), Maintenance RK Designate and annually train employees to inspect and maintain fixed extinguishing systems. 2/L Fire-detection systems 1910.164 Be sure that fire-detection systems are serviced, maintained, and tested by trained personnel. ™ 1910.164(c)(4), Maintenance 2/L Employee alarm systems 1910.165 Maintenance. Only trained persons must service, maintain, and test employee alarms. Reporting emergencies. Employees must understand how to report emergencies at your workplace. When telephones are used to report emergencies, post emergency telephone numbers near the telephones or on employee notice boards. ™ ™ 1910.165(b)(4), Means of reporting emergencies 1910.165(d)(5), Maintenance 2/L Oregon rules for firefighters 437-002-0182 W, P, R, RK You must have a written policy that describes the organizational structure, functions, and frequency of training provided to firefighters. The policy must be available for inspection by Oregon OSHA and employees. Employees who participate in exempted firefighting activities must be properly trained, protected, clothed, and equipped. All firefighters must attend regularly scheduled safety and health training. Key: P-Program requirement, QP-Qualified person required, CP-Competent person required, FC-Frequently cited for violation, R-Respirator required, M-Monitoring requirement, RK-Recordkeeping required, W-Written materials required, C-Certification requirement, MS-Medical surveillance requirement  General industry rules Develop and maintain employees’ skills throughout the firefighting classifications (ranks). Train firefighters before they begin their assigned duties. Before firefighters participate in structural firefighting activities or live fire training, they must meet the entry-level firefighter training as prescribed by the Department of Public Safety Standards and Training (DPSST), or have equivalent training. Live fire training must be conducted under the direction of a fire-department training officer and must follow the General Requirements for Live Fire Training established by the State Fire Marshal. Hazardous-materials response. Fire departments that expect to respond to hazardous-material incidents must develop written plans that include training policies and response procedures. Respiratory-protection training. Train firefighters before they use self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) to enter uncontrolled contaminated or oxygen-deficient atmospheres; they must demonstrate their proficiency annually. ™ ™ ™ ™ ™ 437-002-0182(5)(b)(B), Employer’s responsibility 437-002-0182(6)(c), Employee’s responsibility 437-002-0182(10), Firefighting training and education 437-002-0182(17), Respiratory protective device training 437-002-0182(26)(b)(B), Hazardous material response plan 2/N Servicing multipiece and single-piece rim wheels 1910.177 ™ P You must have a training program for employees who service rim wheels. The program must describe work hazards and safety procedures. Evaluate employees’ ability to service rim wheels and give additional training to those who are not proficient. 1910.177(c), Employee training 2/N Powered industrial trucks 1910.178 W, FC, C Employers must provide operators of powered industrial trucks with training through programs tailored to the employees’ existing operating skills, the types of industrial trucks the employees run, and hazards the employees are likely to encounter. Refresher training is required if an operator is involved in an accident or near-miss incident, operates the truck in an unsafe manner, or is assigned to operate another type of truck. Operator performance evaluations are required at least once every three years. ® ™ See the Oregon OSHA publication, “Powered Industrial Truck Operator Training Material” [Web only] 1910.178(l), Operator training Key: P-Program requirement, QP-Qualified person required, CP-Competent person required, FC-Frequently cited for violation, R-Respirator required, M-Monitoring requirement, RK-Recordkeeping required, W-Written materials required, C-Certification requirement, MS-Medical surveillance requirement 0 General industry rules 2/N Handling materials, additional Oregon rules 437-002-0221 Hoisting machines, except those equipped with automotive controls, must be operated by regularly assigned, trained operators. 437-002-0221(37)(k), Material hoists QP 2/N Oregon rules for commercial and industrial vehicles 437-002-0223 QP, FC Only trained, authorized operators can operate commercial or industrial vehicles. You must have specific procedures to train those who operate industrial vehicles for non-highway use. ™ 437-002-0223(3)(c), Operation of vehicles 2/N Oregon general requirements for cranes 437-002-0228 W, CP, RK You must have written procedures for the safe operation of cranes and derricks. Employees who operate cranes or derricks must be properly trained, have sufficient practical experience, and follow the procedures. All training and experience must be documented. Maintain written records of crane or derrick operators’ training and operating experience and make the records available to Oregon OSHA upon request. ™ 437-002-0228(2), Crane operator training requirements 2/N Overhead and gantry cranes 1910.179 and 437-002-0229 CP, QP Fire extinguishers. Operators and maintenance persons must know how to use on-board fire extinguishers. Maintaining crane hooks. Repairing crane hooks by welding or reshaping isn’t recommended; however, if repairs are attempted, they must be done under the supervision of a competent person and the hook must be tested before further use. Moving the load. When two or more cranes are used to lift a load, a qualified person must supervise the operation and instruct all personnel involved in proper-positioning, rigging, and moving the load. ™ ™ ™ ™ 437-002-0229(2), Overhead and gantry cranes 1910.179(l)(3)(iii)(a), Maintenance, crane hooks 1910.179(n)(3)(ix), Moving the load 1910.179(o)(3), Fire extinguishers Key: P-Program requirement, QP-Qualified person required, CP-Competent person required, FC-Frequently cited for violation, R-Respirator required, M-Monitoring requirement, RK-Recordkeeping required, W-Written materials required, C-Certification requirement, MS-Medical surveillance requirement  General industry rules 2/O Mechanical power presses 1910.217 W, P, C, RK Only trained employees can inspect and maintain power presses. Provide enough supervision to ensure that operators follow correct operating procedures; train them before they begin work and at least once a year thereafter. Employees who use presses in the presence-sensing device initiation (PSDI) mode must have training that covers the following: The manufacturer’s recommended test procedures for checking the presence-sensing device Required safety distances Operation, function, and performance of the PSDI mode Requirements for hand tools used in the PSDI mode Consequences of overriding the safeguard functions of the PSDI system Certify that employees are trained; document each employee’s name, the trainer’s signature, and training date. Keep the records on file for the duration of their employment. Records must be available for Oregon OSHA to inspect. ® ™ ™ ™ See the Oregon OSHA publication, “Machine Safeguarding and the Point of Operation: A guide for finding solutions to machine hazards” [440-2980] 1910.217(f)(2), Operator training 1910.217(h)(10)(vi), Maintenance training 1910.217(h)(13), Operator training Forging machines 1910.218 2/O W, C, RK Maintain forge shop equipment so that it will operate safely; ensure that employees are trained to properly inspect and repair the equipment. ® ™ See the Oregon OSHA publication, “Machine Safeguarding and the Point of Operation: A guide for finding solutions to machine hazards” [440-2980] 1910.218(a)(2)(iii), Maintenance Refuse collection and compaction equipment 437-002-0256 2/O Provide operating instructions for using, cleaning, and maintaining compactors; train employees to safely operate and maintain the compactors. P, RK ® ™ See the Oregon OSHA publication, “Machine Safeguarding and the Point of Operation: A guide for finding solutions to machine hazards” [440-2980] 437-002-0256(2)(g)(B), Refuse collection and compaction equipment Key: P-Program requirement, QP-Qualified person required, CP-Competent person required, FC-Frequently cited for violation, R-Respirator required, M-Monitoring requirement, RK-Recordkeeping required, W-Written materials required, C-Certification requirement, MS-Medical surveillance requirement  General industry rules Welding, cutting, and brazing — general requirements 1910.252 2/Q W Ensure that cutters or welders and their supervisors are trained in the safe operation of their equipment and the safe use of the process. Fire watchers must have fire-extinguishing equipment readily available and be trained in its use. They must be familiar with facilities for sounding an alarm in the event of a fire. ™ ™ Fire watch, training, 1910.252(a)(2)(iii)(B) Fire prevention and protection, 1910.252(a)(2)(xiii)(C) Oxygen-fuel gas welding and cutting 1910.253 2/Q FC Employees in charge of the oxygen or fuel-gas supply equipment, including generators, and oxygen or fuel-gas distribution piping systems must be instructed and competent before being left in charge. Rules and instructions covering the operation and maintenance of oxygen or fuelgas supply equipment including generators and oxygen or fuel-gas distribution piping systems must be available to employees. When regulators or parts of regulators, including gauges, need repair, the work must be performed by properly instructed mechanics. ™ ™ 1910.253(a)(4), Instruction 1910.253(e)(6)(ii), Pressure-reducing regulators Arc welding and cutting 1910.254 2/Q QP Employees who operate arc-welding equipment must be properly instructed and qualified. Employees assigned to operate or maintain arc-welding equipment must be acquainted with the requirements of 1910.252(d) and with 1910.252(a), (b) and (c); if they do gas-shielded arc welding they must also know “Recommended Safe Practices for Gas-Shielded Arc Welding,” A6.1-1966, American Welding Society. ™ ™ 1910.254(a)(3), Instruction 1910.245(d), Operation and maintenance Laundry machinery and operations 1910.264 2/R Employees must be instructed in the hazards of their work and in safe work practices. ™ 1910.264(d)(1)(v), Instruction of employees Key: P-Program requirement, QP-Qualified person required, CP-Competent person required, FC-Frequently cited for violation, R-Respirator required, M-Monitoring requirement, RK-Recordkeeping required, W-Written materials required, C-Certification requirement, MS-Medical surveillance requirement  General industry rules 2/R Telecommunications 1910.268 W, CP, C Employees must be trained in safe telecommunications work practices before they begin work. Training can be on the job, in the classroom, or combined. Training must cover emergency procedures, first aid, and how to recognize harmful substances, animals, insects, and plants. Certify that employees have been trained; document their names, the trainer’s signature, and training dates. Documentation must be prepared at the end of training, maintained for the duration of each employee’s employment, and made available to Oregon OSHA upon request. Storage batteries. Those who work with storage batteries must be instructed in emergency procedures such as dealing with acid spills. Derricks. Manufacturers’ specifications, load ratings, and instructions for operating derricks must be strictly observed. Post rated-load capacities and instructions for derrick operation on a permanent weather-resistant plate on the derrick where the operator can see them. Make sure that operators are trained as required by 437-002-0228(2), Division 2/N, Crane Operator Training Requirements. Derricks must be inspected by a competent person at least once a year. High-voltage work. Employees using high voltage to locate trouble or to test cables must be instructed in precautions for their own safety and for the safety of co-workers. Manhole work, first aid. A person trained in first aid must be immediately available to assist a worker in a manhole who encounters a hazard. ™ ™ ™ ™ ™ ™ ™ 1910.268(b)(2), Handling storage batteries 1910.268(c), Training, general requirements 1910.268(j)(4)(iv)(D), Derrick training 1910.268(l), Cable fault locating and testing 1910.268(o)(1)(ii), Manhole work, first aid 1910.268(o)(3), Joint power and telecommunication manholes, first aid 437-002-0316(7), Derrick training Electric power generation, transmission, 2/R and distribution 1910.269 W, P, QP, M, C, RK Employees must be trained in all safety-related work practices affecting electric power generation, transmission, and distribution work, including pole-top and manhole rescue. All training must be in the classroom or on the job. Employees must be able to do the following: Distinguish exposed live parts of electric equipment Determine the nominal voltage of exposed live parts Determine minimum approach distances for the voltages to which they are exposed Demonstrate safe techniques for working on or near exposed energized equipment Key: P-Program requirement, QP-Qualified person required, CP-Competent person required, FC-Frequently cited for violation, R-Respirator required, M-Monitoring requirement, RK-Recordkeeping required, W-Written materials required, C-Certification requirement, MS-Medical surveillance requirement  General industry rules An employee must have additional training (or retraining) whenever the following occurs: The employee isn’t complying with safety practices Changes in technology, equipment, or procedures require new work practices The employee is assigned to do work other than his or her normal job tasks Certification. Certify that each employee has been trained; documentation must be on file for the duration of the employee’s employment. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and first-aid training. When anyone works on exposed lines or equipment energized at 50 volts or more, a person trained in first aid and CPR also must be on site. If two or more employees are doing field work, at least two persons trained in first aid must be available. If employees were trained in first aid and CPR within three months of their hiring date, only one person must be available on site. At fixed work locations such as generating stations, each employee exposed to electric-shock hazards must be reachable within four minutes by a person trained in first aid and CPR. Energy-control program. You must have an energy-control program to ensure machines are isolated from their energy sources before anyone works on them. Each employee must be trained to recognize hazardous energy sources, isolate them, and control the energy. Employees who use tag-out systems must be trained to use them appropriately. Enclosed spaces. Employees who enter enclosed spaces or who serve as attendants must be trained in enclosed space hazards and entry and rescue procedures. Two-worker rule. No fewer than two journeymen, or workers with equivalent training and experience, are required for work on energized high-voltage equipment. A qualified apprentice may work in place of one of the journeymen for training. There are exceptions to this requirement; for more information, see 437-002-0317(1)(b), Additional Oregon Rules for Electric Power Generation, Transmission and Distribution. ™ ™ ™ ™ ™ ™ ™ 1910.269(a)(2), Training 1910.269(b)(1), CPR and first aid, training 1910.269(d)(2)(i), Lockout or tagout procedures 1910.269(e)(2), Enclosed spaces 1910.269(l)(6)(ii), Working on or near exposed energized parts 1910.269(r)(1)(vi), Line-clearance tree trimming operations 437-002-0317(1)(b), Exceptions to the two-worker rule Key: P-Program requirement, QP-Qualified person required, CP-Competent person required, FC-Frequently cited for violation, R-Respirator required, M-Monitoring requirement, RK-Recordkeeping required, W-Written materials required, C-Certification requirement, MS-Medical surveillance requirement  General industry rules Grain-handling facilities 1910.272 2/R W, P, C, RK Train employees annually and whenever changes in their job assignments expose them to new hazards. They must be trained in the following: General safety precautions, including measures to prevent dust accumulation Specific job-related safety practices such as cleaning grinding equipment, clearing choked legs, and lockout/tagout procedures Special tasks. Employees assigned special tasks such as bin entry and handling flammable or toxic substances must be trained to perform the tasks safely. Observers. Employees acting as observers must be trained in rescue procedures, including procedures for obtaining assistance. ™ ™ 1910.272(e), Training 1910.272(g)(5), Entry into grain storage structures Tree and shrub services, 2/R Oregon rules 437-002-0303, 437-002-0304, 437-002-0310 Instruct employees how to use equipment safely. Crews must hold job-safety briefings and agree on work before beginning a tree job. Each tree worker must understand exactly what will be done during a felling operation. Employees must be able to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation and be trained in treetop rescue. ™ ™ ™ 437-002-0303, Training and work planning requirements 437-002-0304, CPR and treetop rescue, training 437-002-0310(5)(c), Felling operations Pulp, paper, and paperboard mills, Oregon rules 437-002-0312 2/R W, P Employees cannot operate pulp and paper equipment until they have received training and are familiar with safe operating procedures. They must also be trained in proper lifting or moving techniques. Employees entering hazardous-substance areas must be trained to deal with breaks, ruptures, or spills. Employees assigned to work alone in remote areas must report to a designated person or have someone check to make sure they are safe; employees and check-up personnel must be trained in the reporting procedures. Industrial kiln guns and ammunition. Develop written instructions for storing and operating industrial kiln guns and ammunition, including safety procedures. All those working with this equipment must be instructed in the procedures. Key: P-Program requirement, QP-Qualified person required, CP-Competent person required, FC-Frequently cited for violation, R-Respirator required, M-Monitoring requirement, RK-Recordkeeping required, W-Written materials required, C-Certification requirement, MS-Medical surveillance requirement  General industry rules Recovery furnace area. All those working in recovery furnace areas must be instructed in emergency procedures. Handling chlorine dioxide. Provide written instructions and safety procedures for operating and maintaining the generator. Those working on the equipment must be trained in these procedures. Handling sodium chlorate. Employees handling sodium chlorate must be trained in handling precautions and safe work habits. ® ™ ™ ™ ™ ™ See the Oregon OSHA publication, “Oregon safety guide for pulp and paperboard mills” [440-3302] 437-002-0312(2), Employee training, general 437-002-0312(8)(a), Industrial kiln guns and ammunition 437-002-0312(8)(x)(B), Recovery furnace areas 437-002-0312(9)(e)(H), Handling chlorine dioxide 437-002-0312(9)(f), Handling sodium chlorate Electrical [Training] 1910.332 2/S Employees exposed to electric-shock hazards must be trained in the safety requirements relevant to their jobs. Both qualified and unqualified persons must be trained. Unqualified persons are those who may be exposed to electric shock hazards during their jobs but who are not permitted to work on or near exposed energized equipment. QP ™ 1910.332, Training requirements 2/T Commercial diving operations, qualifications of dive team 1910.410 Each member of the dive team must have the training to perform assigned tasks safely. Training must also cover the following: Appropriate tools and equipment Diving techniques Diving operations Emergency procedures Cardiopulmonary resuscitation and first aid Divers exposed to hyperbaric conditions must be trained in diving-related physics and physiology. Dive-team members must be assigned tasks suited to their experience and training. Workers in training must perform tasks under the supervision of an experienced dive-team Key: P-Program requirement, QP-Qualified person required, CP-Competent person required, FC-Frequently cited for violation, R-Respirator required, M-Monitoring requirement, RK-Recordkeeping required, W-Written materials required, C-Certification requirement, MS-Medical surveillance requirement  General industry rules member. The person in charge must have the experience and training necessary to conduct an assigned diving operation safely. ™ ™ ™ 1910.410(a), Qualifications of dive team 1910.410(b), Assignments 1910.410(c)(2), Designated person-in-charge 2/Z Asbestos 1910.1001 W, P, R, M, MS, RK Annually train employees exposed to airborne concentrations of asbestos at or above the permissible exposure limit and excursion limit. All asbestos training must cover the following: Methods of recognizing asbestos Health effects associated with asbestos exposure The relationship among smoking, asbestos, and lung cancer Operations that could result in exposure to asbestos Proper use of respirators Appropriate work practices for asbestos jobs Medical surveillance program requirements Public health organizations that help employees quit smoking Requirements for posting signs Access to training materials. Make written training documents and a copy of 1910.1001 available to employees. Training records. Keep training records for one year beyond each employee’s last employment date. ® ™ See the Oregon OSHA publications, “Asbestos: Rules of abatement” [440-2129] and “Asbestos exposures: What building owners need to know” [440-3022] 1910.1001(j)(7), Employee information and training 2/Z 13 carcinogens 1910.1003 The requirements in this rule apply to the following hazardous substances: 4-Nitrobiphenyl alpha-Naphthylamine methyl chloromethyl ether 3,3’-Dichlorobenzidine (and its salts) bis-Chloromethyl ether beta-Naphthylamine W, P, R, MS, RK Key: P-Program requirement, QP-Qualified person required, CP-Competent person required, FC-Frequently cited for violation, R-Respirator required, M-Monitoring requirement, RK-Recordkeeping required, W-Written materials required, C-Certification requirement, MS-Medical surveillance requirement  General industry rules Benzidine 4-Aminodiphenyl Ethyleneimine beta-Propiolactone 2-Acetylaminofluorene 4-Dimethylaminoazo-benezene N-Nitrosodimethylamine Each employee, before being authorized to enter a regulated area, must receive training that includes the following: The nature of the carcinogenic hazards The nature of the operation that could result in exposure The medical surveillance program Decontamination practices Emergency procedures and the employees’ roles in the procedures Information to aid employees in recognizing and evaluating conditions that may result in the release of a carcinogen First aid procedures A review of this section at the employee’s first training and indoctrination program and annually thereafter. ™ 1910.1003(e)(5), Training and indoctrination 2/Z Vinyl chloride 1910.1017 W, P, R, M, MS, RK Employees working with vinyl chloride (or polyvinyl chloride) before conversion to fabricated products must be trained in its hazards and safe work practices. Training must cover the following: Health hazards of chronic vinyl chloride exposure Operations that could expose employees to vinyl chloride in excess of the permissible exposure limit The purpose for, proper use of, and limitations of personal protective equipment Vinyl chloride fire hazards Monitoring and medical-surveillance programs Emergency procedures Conditions that may result in the release of vinyl chloride A review of 1910.1017 at the employees’ first training and annually thereafter ™ 1910.1017(j), Training Key: P-Program requirement, QP-Qualified person required, CP-Competent person required, FC-Frequently cited for violation, R-Respirator required, M-Monitoring requirement, RK-Recordkeeping required, W-Written materials required, C-Certification requirement, MS-Medical surveillance requirement  General industry rules 2/Z Inorganic arsenic 1910.1018 W, P, R, M, MS, RK You must have an annual training program for employees who are exposed to inorganic arsenic above the action level or who develop skin or eye irritations. Employees who use respirators must have quarterly training that covers the following: Operations that could result in exposure to inorganic arsenic The proper use of respirators Medical surveillance Engineering controls and work practices The requirements of 1910.1018 Any employee who has difficulty breathing while wearing a respirator must be examined by a physician trained in pulmonary medicine to determine whether the employee can wear a respirator while performing a required task. Access to training materials. Make 1910.1018 available for employees to review and provide information and training materials to Oregon OSHA upon request. ™ ™ 1910.1018(h), Respirator usage 1910.1018(o), Employee information and training 2/Z Lead 1910.1025 W, P, R, M, MS, RK All employees exposed to lead at or above the action level or to lead compounds that may cause skin or eye irritation must participate in an annual lead-hazards training program covering the following: The requirements of 1910.1025 and its appendices Operations that could result in exposure to lead above the action level The purpose, proper selection, fitting, and use of respirators The medical-surveillance program and the medical-removal protection program Engineering controls and work practices Any compliance plan in effect Prohibitions against removing lead with chelating agents without the direction of a licensed physician Employees’ right of access to records Provide all information and training materials to employees or to Oregon OSHA upon request. ® ™ See the Oregon OSHA publications, “Working with lead paint: best management practices for painters and remodelers” [440-3337] and “Lead and lead poisoning” [440-3937] 1910.1025(l), Employee information and training Key: P-Program requirement, QP-Qualified person required, CP-Competent person required, FC-Frequently cited for violation, R-Respirator required, M-Monitoring requirement, RK-Recordkeeping required, W-Written materials required, C-Certification requirement, MS-Medical surveillance requirement 0 General industry rules 2/Z Cadmium 1910.1027 W, P, R, M, MS, RK Provide annual training to employees whose work involves potential exposure to cadmium that covers the following: Health hazards associated with cadmium Operations that could result in exposure to cadmium How employees can protect themselves from cadmium exposure The proper use of respirators and protective clothing The purpose of the medical surveillance program You must also comply with the training requirements of Oregon OSHA’s hazard communication rules. Certify that employees have been trained. Document their names, the trainer’s signature, and the training dates. Keep the records for one year. 1910.1027(m)(4), Employee information and training 1910.1027(n)(4), Recordkeeping ™ ™ 2/Z Benzene 1910.1028 W, P, R, M, MS, RK Train employees before they work in areas where benzene is present. If exposures are above the action level, employees must be trained at least annually. Training must be in accordance with the information and training required by Oregon OSHA’s hazard communication requirements, [1910.1200(h)]. You must also explain to employees your medical surveillance program and your training requirements for benzene. Except for licensed physicians, those who administer pulmonary function testing must complete a training course in spirometry sponsored by an appropriate governmental, academic, or professional institution. 1910.1028(i)(1)(iii), Pulmonary function testing 1910.1028(j)(3), Information and training ™ ™ 2/Z Coke oven emissions 1910.1029 W, P, M, MS, RK You must have annual training for employees exposed to coke oven emissions that covers the following: The information contained in the substance information sheet for coke oven emissions, 1910.1029, Appendix A The purpose, proper use, and limitations of respirators A review of 1910.1029 Access to training materials Provide all training-related materials to Oregon OSHA upon request. 1910.1029(k), Employee information and training ™ Key: P-Program requirement, QP-Qualified person required, CP-Competent person required, FC-Frequently cited for violation, R-Respirator required, M-Monitoring requirement, RK-Recordkeeping required, W-Written materials required, C-Certification requirement, MS-Medical surveillance requirement  General industry rules 2/Z Bloodborne pathogens 1910.1030 W, RK Employees exposed to bloodborne pathogens must have annual training that includes the following: The requirements of 1910.1030 The epidemiology, symptoms, and transmission modes of bloodborne pathogens The exposure-control plan and how to obtain a copy of the plan Tasks that may involve exposure to blood and other infectious materials Methods that prevent or reduce exposure to bloodborne pathogens Hepatitis B vaccine, including vaccination benefits Appropriate actions to take and whom to contact for emergencies involving blood or other potentially infectious materials Procedures to follow if an exposure occurs Information on post-exposure evaluation and follow-up after an exposure Information regarding warning signs and labels The person conducting the training must be familiar with the requirements of 1910.1030 and how they apply to employees’ tasks. Additional training for employees in HIV/HBV laboratories and production facilities. Employees in HIV or HBV research laboratories or production facilities must have the following initial training in addition to the above requirements: Proficiency in standard microbiological techniques and in practices specific to the facility Prior experience in handling human pathogens or tissue cultures You must train employees who have no experience handling human pathogens. Workers’ initial activities can’t include handling infectious agents; assign these activities only after workers have learned appropriate handling techniques and can accomplish them proficiently. Training records. Keep training records for three years. Records must be available upon request for examination by employees and Oregon OSHA and must include the following: The dates of training sessions A summary of training material Names and qualifications of persons conducting training Names and job titles of all persons attending training Biosafety manual. Prepare a biosafety manual for workers and have them review it annually. ® See the Oregon OSHA publication, “Bloodborne pathogens: Questions and answers about ™ ™ ™ ™ occupational exposure” [440-2261] 1910.1030(e)(2)(ii)(K), Spills 1910.1030(e)(2)(ii)(M), Biosafety manual 1910.1030(g)(2), Information and training 1910.1030(h)(2), Training records Key: P-Program requirement, QP-Qualified person required, CP-Competent person required, FC-Frequently cited for violation, R-Respirator required, M-Monitoring requirement, RK-Recordkeeping required, W-Written materials required, C-Certification requirement, MS-Medical surveillance requirement  General industry rules 2/Z Cotton dust 1910.1043 W, P, R, M, MS, RK Train all employees exposed to cotton dust annually. Training must include the following: Acute and long-term health hazards associated with cotton dust exposure Jobs and processes that could result in exposure to cotton dust at or above the permissible exposure limit Measures necessary to protect employees from exposure in excess of the permissible exposure limit The proper use of respirators Medical surveillance The requirements of 1910.1043 Provide training materials to Oregon OSHA upon request. Pulmonary function testing. With the exception of licensed physicians, those who administer pulmonary function testing must complete a training course in spirometry sponsored by an appropriate academic or professional institution. ™ ™ 1910.1043(h)(1)(iii), Pulmonary function testing 1910.1043(i), Employee education and training 2/Z 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane 1910.1044 W, P, R, M, MS, RK You must provide training for all employees who may be exposed to 1,2-dibromo-3chloropropane that covers the following: The information in the “Substance Safety Data Sheet” for 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane (see 1910.1044, Appendix A) The quantity, location, and operations that could result in exposure to 1,2-dibromo-3chloropropane The proper use of respirators A description of the medical surveillance program Access to training materials A copy of the program must be available to all affected employees. Each year, inform employees about the information in the “Substance Safety Data Sheet” and in safe practices for using 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane. ™ 1910.1044(n)(1), Training program Key: P-Program requirement, QP-Qualified person required, CP-Competent person required, FC-Frequently cited for violation, R-Respirator required, M-Monitoring requirement, RK-Recordkeeping required, W-Written materials required, C-Certification requirement, MS-Medical surveillance requirement  General industry rules Acrylonitrile 1910.1045 2/Z W, P, R, M, MS, RK Provide training for employees exposed to acrylonitrile above the action level, employees whose exposures are maintained below the action level by engineering and work practice controls, and employees subject to potential skin or eye contact with liquid acrylonitrile. Employees must be informed about the following: Operations involving exposure to acrylonitrile The purpose of the medical surveillance program Emergency and first-aid procedures Proper use of respirators and protective clothing Conditions that could cause the release of acrylonitrile Employees must review this information at their initial training and annually thereafter. ™ 1910.1045(o)(1), Training program 2/Z Ethylene oxide 1910.1047 W, P, R, M, MS, RK Provide annual training to employees exposed to ethylene oxide at or above the action level that covers the following: Methods to detect the presence or release of ethylene oxide in the work area Information on ethylene oxide hazards Methods employees can use to protect themselves from ethylene oxide hazards The hazard communication program ™ 1910.1047(j)(3), Information and training 2/Z Formaldehyde 1910.1048 W, P, R, M, MS, RK Only persons trained to recognize formaldehyde hazards are permitted to enter regulated areas or to remove contaminated material from storage areas for cleaning, laundering, or disposal. Leaks or spills must be cleaned up promptly by employees wearing protective clothing and trained in cleanup methods. Written hazard communication program. Develop, implement, and maintain a written hazard communication program for formaldehyde exposure that describes how requirements will be met for labels, material safety data sheets, information, and training. Information and training. Employees assigned to areas where formaldehyde exposure is at or above 0.1 ppm must participate in training before initial assignment or before new exposures to formaldehyde. Training must be repeated annually, covering the following: The contents of the material safety data sheet for formaldehyde The purpose of the medical surveillance program Key: P-Program requirement, QP-Qualified person required, CP-Competent person required, FC-Frequently cited for violation, R-Respirator required, M-Monitoring requirement, RK-Recordkeeping required, W-Written materials required, C-Certification requirement, MS-Medical surveillance requirement  General industry rules Health hazards associated with formaldehyde exposure The signs and symptoms of formaldehyde exposure Instructions for reporting symptoms attributable to formaldehyde A description of operations where formaldehyde is present Safe work practices for limiting exposure to formaldehyde Use of personal protective clothing and equipment Instructions for handling spills and dealing with emergencies Emergency procedures including the specific duties of each employee A description of cleanup procedures The importance of engineering and work-practice controls Access to training materials. Inform employees where written training materials are located. ™ ™ ™ ™ ™ 1910.1048(e)(2), Regulated areas 1910.1048(h)(2)(iii), Protective equipment and clothing 1910.1048(j)(3), Housekeeping 1910.1048(m)(5), Written hazard communication program 1910.1048(n), Employee information and training 2/Z Methylenedianiline 1910.1050 W, P, R, M, MS, RK Provide employees with information and training on methylenedianiline in accordance with Oregon OSHA’s hazard communication training requirements [1910.1200(h)] at the time of initial assignment and at least annually thereafter. Make available to affected employees, without cost, all training program materials, including a copy of 1910.1050. Provide the information to Oregon OSHA upon request. Keep training records for one year after an employee’s termination date. ™ ™ 1910.1050(k)(3), Information and training 1910.1050(k)(4), Access to training materials Key: P-Program requirement, QP-Qualified person required, CP-Competent person required, FC-Frequently cited for violation, R-Respirator required, M-Monitoring requirement, RK-Recordkeeping required, W-Written materials required, C-Certification requirement, MS-Medical surveillance requirement  General industry rules 2/Z 1,3, Butadiene 1910.1051 W, P, R, M, MS, RK Provide employees exposed to 1,3, butadiene with information and training in accordance with Oregon OSHA’s hazard-communication rules [1910.1200(h)]. Employees who may be exposed to 1,3, butadiene at or above the action level must be trained before an initial job assignment and at least annually thereafter. Training must cover the following: The health hazards associated with 1,3, butadiene A description of the medical surveillance program The quantity, location, use, release, and storage of 1,3, butadiene Operations that could result in exposure to 1,3, butadiene Emergency procedures and personal protective equipment Measures employees can take to protect themselves from exposure to 1,3, butadiene Make a copy of 1910.1051 available for employees to review. ™ 1910.1051(l)(2), Employee information and training 2/Z Methylene chloride 1910.1052 W, P, R, M, MS, RK Provide all employees exposed to methylene chloride with information and training in accordance with the requirements of Oregon OSHA’s hazard-communication rules [1910.1200(h)]. Inform employees whose exposure to airborne concentrations of methylene chloride exceeds the action level about the quantities, locations, use, and storage requirements for methylene chloride. Employees exposed to methylene chloride above the action level must be retrained as necessary so they continue to understand safe-use practices. Whenever tasks or procedures increase an employee’s exposure above the action level, you must update the training to ensure that each affected employee remains proficient. ™ 1910.1052(l), Employee information and training 2/Z Ionizing radiation 1910.1096 M, RK All individuals working in or frequenting any portion of a radiation area must be informed of the following: The occurrence of radioactive materials or radiation in the area Safety problems associated with exposure and in precautions or devices to minimize exposure Applicable provisions of 1910.1066 for the protection of employees from exposure Reports of radiation exposures which employees may request Key: P-Program requirement, QP-Qualified person required, CP-Competent person required, FC-Frequently cited for violation, R-Respirator required, M-Monitoring requirement, RK-Recordkeeping required, W-Written materials required, C-Certification requirement, MS-Medical surveillance requirement  General industry rules Signal-generating systems. Those who work in areas covered by the system’s signal must be familiar with the sound. ™ ™ 1910.1096(f)(3)(viii), Testing, signal-generating system 1910.1096(i), Instruction of personnel, posting 2/Z Hazard communication 1910.1200 W, P, FC, RK Employers must provide employees with training and information on hazardous chemicals in their work areas at the time of initial assignment and whenever a new hazard is introduced. Training and information must cover the following: The requirements of 1910.1200 Operations where hazardous chemicals are present The location of the written hazard communication program Methods to detect the presence or release of hazardous chemicals in the work area Hazards of chemicals used in the work area How employees can protect themselves from chemical hazards, including spills or leaks from sealed containers ® ™ ™ ™ ™ See the Oregon OSHA publication, “Hazard communication: A guide to safe work practices” [440-2034] 1910.1200(a)(1), Transmittal of information 1910.1200(b)(1), Assessing chemical hazards 1910.1200(b)(4)(iii), Handling chemicals in sealed containers 1910.1200(h), Employee information and training 2/Z Occupational exposure to hazardous chemicals in laboratories 1910.1450 W, R, M, MS, RK Train employees about the chemical hazards in their work areas before their initial assignments and before assignments involving new chemical exposures. Training must cover the following: Methods to detect the presence or release of a hazardous chemical Chemical hazards in the work area Methods of protection from chemical hazards Details of the written chemical hygiene plan If the composition of a chemical substance produced exclusively for laboratory use is known, Key: P-Program requirement, QP-Qualified person required, CP-Competent person required, FC-Frequently cited for violation, R-Respirator required, M-Monitoring requirement, RK-Recordkeeping required, W-Written materials required, C-Certification requirement, MS-Medical surveillance requirement  General industry rules determine if it is hazardous. If the chemical is hazardous, provide employees with the information and training listed above. ® ™ See the Oregon OSHA publication, “Exposure to hazardous chemicals in laboratories” [440-2274] 1910.1450(f), Employee information and training 2/Z MOCA (4,4’-methylene bi (2-chloroaniline))437-002-0364 W, P, MS, RK Employees must be trained in MOCA’s hazards before entering a regulated area that covers the following: MOCA’s carcinogenic hazards Operations involving MOCA The purpose of the medical-surveillance program Decontamination practices Emergency procedures and first aid Conditions that could cause the release of MOCA Employees must review these requirements at the first training session and annually thereafter. ™ 437-002-0364(5)(e), Training and indoctrination 2/Z Thiram, Oregon rules 437-002-0373 Employees exposed to thiram must receive training in safe use and handling that covers the following: Health hazards of thiram exposure Operations that could result in exposure to thiram The purpose for, proper use of, and limitations of personal protective equipment Thiram’s toxic and skin-irritation effects The necessity of effective personal hygiene A review of 437-002-0373 at the employee’s first training and annually thereafter P, R ™ 437-002-0373(3)(h), Training 2 Z Key: P-Program requirement, QP-Qualified person required, CP-Competent person required, FC-Frequently cited for violation, R-Respirator required, M-Monitoring requirement, RK-Recordkeeping required, W-Written materials required, C-Certification requirement, MS-Medical surveillance requirement   Construction  Construction 3/C Construction safety training and education 1926.21 Oregon OSHA’s responsibilities. Oregon OSHA is required to establish programs that teach construction workers and employers to prevent unsafe workplace conditions. See Training and workshops offered by Oregon OSHA, in this guide, for more information. Your responsibilities. Instruct employees to recognize, avoid, and control unsafe conditions in their work environments. Employees handling or using poisons, caustics, and other harmful substances must have instruction that emphasizes hazards, personal hygiene, and personal protective equipment. At job sites where harmful plants or animals are present, employees must be instructed in potential hazards, how to avoid injury, and first-aid procedures. Employees handling or using flammable materials must be instructed how to do so safely. All employees who enter confined or enclosed spaces must be instructed about the hazards, precautions, and necessary protective equipment. ™ ™ 1926.21(a), General requirements 1926.21(b), Employer’s responsibility 3/D Medical services and first aid 1926.50 If a clinic, hospital, or physician isn’t reasonably accessible to the worksite, a person trained in first aid must be available on site. ™ 1926.50(c), Absence of an infirmary, clinic, hospital, or physician 3/D Ionizing radiation 1926.53 CP Work involving radioactive materials must be performed by a competent person. Work involving materials used under Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) license can be done only by NRC licensees or by competent persons under the direction and supervision of the licensee. 3/D ™ 1926.53(b), Competent person requirement Hazard communication 1926.59 W, P, FC, RK Provide employees with training and information on hazardous chemicals in their work areas at the time of initial assignment and whenever you become aware of new hazards. Training and information must cover the following: Hazard communication requirements Operations where hazardous chemicals are present The location and availability of the written hazard communication program Methods used to detect the presence or release of hazardous chemicals in the work area Hazards of chemicals in the work area How employees can protect themselves from chemical hazards, including spills or leaks from sealed containers 0 Construction ™ ™ ™ ™ 1926.59(a)(1), Transmittal of information 1926.59(b)(1), Assessing chemical hazards 1926.59(b)(4)(iii), Handling chemicals in sealed containers 1926.59(h), Employee information and training 3/D Methylenedianiline (MDA) 1926.60 W, P, R, M, MS, RK Provide employees with information and training on MDA in accordance with Oregon OSHA’s hazard communication training requirements [1910.1200(h)] at the time of initial assignment and at least annually thereafter. Make all training program materials available to affected employees, including a copy of 1926.60. Provide this information to Oregon OSHA upon request. Keep training records for one year after an employee’s termination date. 1926.60(l)(3), Information and training 1926.60(l)(4), Access to training materials 1926.60(o)(6), Training records ™ ™ ™ 3/D Lead 1926.62 W, P, CP, FC, R, M, MS, RK All employees exposed to lead at or above the action level, or to lead compounds that may cause skin or eye irritation, must participate in annual lead-hazards training covering the following: The lead requirements (1926.62) for the construction industry and the appendices Operations that could result in exposure to lead above the action level The purpose, proper selection, fitting, and use of respirators The medical-surveillance program and the medical removal protection program Engineering controls and work practices Any compliance plan in effect Prohibitions against removing lead with chelating agents without the direction of a licensed physician Employees’ right of access to records Provide all information and training materials to employees or to Oregon OSHA upon request. See the Oregon OSHA publications, “Working with lead paint: best management practices for painters and remodelers” [440-3337] and “Lead and lead poisoning” [440-3937] 1926.62(l), Employee information and training ® ™ Key: P-Program requirement, QP-Qualified person required, CP-Competent person required, FC-Frequently cited for violation, R-Respirator required, M-Monitoring requirement, RK-Recordkeeping required, W-Written materials required, C-Certification requirement, MS-Medical surveillance requirement  Construction 3/E Occupational noise exposure [Applicable rules] 437-003-0027 P, FC, M, RK You must have an annual training program for employees exposed to noise at or above an eighthour time-weighted average of 85 decibels. The program must be updated to reflect changes in personal protective equipment and work processes. Those exposed to noise at or above the 85-decibel limit must be fitted with hearing protectors and trained how to use and care for them. You must provide training and education program materials to Oregon OSHA upon request. ™ ™ 437-003-0027, Occupational noise exposure 1910.95(k), Training program 3/E Respiratory protection 1926.103 W, P, FC, R, MS, C, RK Train employees to use respirators properly. Training must focus on why a respirator is necessary, the importance of proper fit, a respirator’s capabilities and limitations, how to use a respirator in emergency situations, and how to care for it. New employees who have had respirator training within 12 months of their hire dates are exempt from training for their first year on the job if they can demonstrate they know how to use and maintain their respirators. Retraining is required at least annually, sooner if worksite hazards change or if employees switch to another type of respirator. Employees who don’t understand how to use or properly care for their respirators also must be retrained. Any employee not required to wear a respirator who asks to wear one must read 1926.103, Appendix D, “Information for Employees Using Respirators When Not Required Under the Standard.” ™ 1926.103(k), Training and information 3/F Fire protection 1926.150 Develop a fire-protection program to be followed throughout all phases of construction and demolition work and provide firefighting equipment as specified in 1926.150. When fires occur, there can be no delay in providing necessary equipment. If warranted by the project, you must provide a trained and equipped fire brigade. P ™ 1926.150(a)(5), Fire protection 3/I Power-operated hand tools 1926.302 Powder-actuated tools. Only workers who have appropriate tool-specific training can operate a powder-actuated hand tool. ™  1926.302(e)(1), Powder-actuated tools Construction 3/J Gas welding and cutting 1926.350 Instruct employees in the safe use of fuel gas: Before a regulator to a cylinder valve is connected, the valve must be opened slightly and closed immediately. The cylinder valve must always be opened slowly to prevent damage to the regulator. For quick closing, valves on fuel-gas cylinders must not be opened more than 11/2 turns. Fuel gas cannot be used from cylinders through torches or other devices equipped with shutoff valves without first reducing the pressure through a suitable regulator attached to the cylinder valve or manifold. Before a regulator is removed from a cylinder valve, the cylinder valve must be closed and the gas released from the regulator. If the valve on a fuel gas cylinder is opened and there is a leak around the valve stem, the valve must be closed and the gland nut tightened. If this does not stop the leak, discontinue use of the cylinder, put it out of service, and remove it from the work area. If a leak should develop at a fuse plug or other safety device, the cylinder must be removed from the work area. ™ 1926.350(d), Use of fuel gas 3/J Arc welding and cutting 1926.351 Instruct employees in safe arc-welding and cutting practices, including the following: Remove electrodes from holders when holders are not used and place the holders so they will not contact workers or conducting objects Do not dip hot electrode holders in water Open the power supply switch to the equipment when an arc welder or cutter leaves the work area or when the arc-welding or cutting machine is moved Report any faulty or defective equipment to a supervisor ™ 1926.351(d), Operating instructions 3/J Fire prevention, welding and cutting 1926.352 When welding, cutting, or heating work exceeds normal fire-prevention precautions, at least one other employee must watch to ensure that a fire does not start. Fire watchers must be instructed about fire hazards and how to use firefighting equipment. ™ 1926.352(e), Fire prevention Key: P-Program requirement, QP-Qualified person required, CP-Competent person required, FC-Frequently cited for violation, R-Respirator required, M-Monitoring requirement, RK-Recordkeeping required, W-Written materials required, C-Certification requirement, MS-Medical surveillance requirement  Construction 3/M Training requirements, fall protection 437-003-0503 W, P, CP, FC, C, RK Employees who could be exposed to fall hazards must be trained to recognize and know procedures that minimize the hazards. A competent person who understands the following must do the training: The nature of fall hazards in the work area Procedures for erecting, maintaining, disassembling, and inspecting fall-protection systems Use of guardrail systems, personal fall-arrest systems, safety-net systems, warning-line systems, safety-monitoring systems, and controlled-access zones The role of each employee in the safety-monitoring system Limitations of mechanical equipment during roofing work on low-sloped roofs Procedures for handling and storing equipment and for erecting overhead protection Employees’ roles in fall-protection plans The requirements of Oregon OSHA’s fall-protection rules Certification. Document that employees have been trained; include their names, training dates, and the trainer’s signature. Retraining. Retrain any employee who does not have the skills required in 1926.503, Subdivision 3/M. ® See the Oregon OSHA publications, “Oregon OSHA’s fall protection for the construction industry” [440-2824], “Fall protection: Safe practices for setting and bracing trusses and rafters” [440-2824ae], “Fall Protection: Safe practices for setting floor joists, sheathing/ decking, and constructing exterior walls” [440-2824be], and “Fall Protection: Options for specialty contractors” [440-2824ce] 1910.95(k), Training program 437-003-0503, Training requirements ™ ™ 3/N Wind velocity device, cranes and derricks 437-003-0080 Wind velocity device. Crane operators must be fully instructed regarding maximum permissible wind speeds during operation and the load chart that contains the wind velocity operating limits. ™ 437-003-0080(2)(b), Wind velocity device 3/N Crane operator safety training requirements 437-003-0081 W, RK If you have employees who operate cranes or derricks, you must have a written procedure that ensures they operate the equipment safely. Document each employee’s training and years of crane-operating experience; include the type of training, training date, and the trainer’s name. Five-ton-capacity cranes. Employees who operate cranes of five-ton (or greater) capacity must have additional training and must possess a valid crane operator’s safety training card.  Construction The training card must specify the types and sizes of cranes the operator is trained to operate. Other required information includes the card’s original issue date, expiration date, operator’s name, Social Security number, signature, picture, and the trainer’s signature. The card must be renewed and signed every three years by a training institution or by the employer. Cards must be laminated in clear plastic to prevent tampering. ™ 437-003-0081, Crane operator safety training requirements 3/O Site clearing, pre-construction activities 1926.604 Employees who do pre-construction site clearing must be protected from toxic plants and have instruction in first-aid procedures. ™ 1926.604(a)(1), First aid, instruction 3/R Hoisting and rigging 1926.753 ™ 1926.753(e)(1)(iv), Multiple lift rigging procedure QP, CP All employees engaged in multiple lift rigging must be trained in rigging procedures in accordance with 1926.761(c)(1). 3/R Training, steel erection 1926.761 and 437-003-0761 W, C, RK Fall hazard training. Provide training by a designated qualified person for all employees exposed to fall hazards. Provide additional special training to employees engaged in the following activities: Multiple lift rigging procedure Connector procedures Controlled decking zone procedures Certification of training. Prepare a written record that includes the name or other identity of the employee trained, the training dates, and the trainer’s signature. Retraining. Employees must be retrained when changes in the workplace or changes in fall-protection systems make previous training obsolete. Employees whose knowledge or use of fall protection systems on the job indicates a lack of training also must be retrained. ™ ™ 1926.761, Training 437-003-0761, Certification of training Key: P-Program requirement, QP-Qualified person required, CP-Competent person required, FC-Frequently cited for violation, R-Respirator required, M-Monitoring requirement, RK-Recordkeeping required, W-Written materials required, C-Certification requirement, MS-Medical surveillance requirement  Construction 3/S Underground construction 1926.800 QP, CP, R, M, RK Employees must be able to recognize and avoid underground construction hazards. They must have training covering the following topics: Air monitoring Emergency procedures Ventilation Illumination Communications Flood control Mechanical equipment Personal protective equipment Explosives Fire prevention and protection Shift workers. Shifts coming on duty must be informed of hazardous conditions including gas leaks, equipment failures, earth or rock slides, floods, fires, or explosions. Rescue. Rescue-team members must be qualified in rescue procedures, the limitations of breathing apparatus, and firefighting equipment. Qualifications must be reviewed annually. Employees must practice using self-contained breathing apparatus monthly if they anticipate rescue work at job sites where they could be exposed to flammable or toxic gases. Rescue teams must know about all hazardous conditions at the job site. ® ™ ™ ™ See the Oregon OSHA publication, “Underground construction: tunneling” [440-2135] 1926.800(d), Safety instruction 1926.800(e)(1), Notifying shift workers of hazards 1926.800(g)(5)(iii), Rescue teams 3/S Compressed air 1926.803 CP,RK Those who work in compressed-air environments must have at least one competent person who is familiar with the requirements in 1926.803 and who understands the hazards of compressedair environments. A licensed physician, experienced with the physical requirements of work in compressed-air environments and the treatment of decompression illness, must be available to offer medical supervision. Medical lock monitoring. A medical lock must be maintained whenever air pressure in a working chamber is increased above the normal atmosphere, and an attendant must monitor the lock under a physician’s control. The attendant must be trained to use the lock and must know how to treat employees showing symptoms of decompression illness. ™ ™  1926.803(a), General requirements 1926.803(b), Medical attendance, examination, and regulations Construction 3/U Blaster qualifications 1926.901 Blasters must be trained in transporting, storing, handling, and using explosives. They must also know local laws and regulations covering explosives. 1926.901, Qualifications ™ 3/U Surface transportation of explosives 1926.902 Motor vehicles that transport explosives must be equipped with fully charged fire extinguishers, and the drivers must be trained to use them. Every vehicle transporting Class A or Class B explosives must be attended by a person who knows the class of explosive material and its dangers; that person must be trained to protect the public from the dangers of the explosive material. ™ 1926.902(i), Fire extinguisher training 3/U Firing the blast 1926.909 Blasting signal codes must be posted at the worksite and employees must be familiar with them. 1926.909(a), Blasting signals ™ 3/V Power transmission and distribution 1926.950 Employees must be proficient in emergency procedures and first aid. Tree trimmers and linemen doing aerial work must be trained in pole-top rescue. Tree trimmers must also be trained in cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Two-worker rules. At least two journeymen or employees with journeyman-equivalent training and experience must work together on energized high-voltage equipment. While in training, a qualified apprentice may replace one of the journeymen. At least two journeymen or employees having journeyman-equivalent training and experience are required to work together whenever contact with energized high voltage is possible, unless guards or barriers protect them. ™ ™ ™ ™ ™ ™ 1926.950(e), Emergency procedures and first aid, general requirements 437-003-0115, Two-worker rules, high voltage, training 437-003-0130, Two-worker rules, training and experience 437-003-0215, Pole-top rescue, lineman 437-003-0720, CPR training 437-003-0725, Pole-top rescue, tree trimmers cited for violation, R-Respirator required, M-Monitoring requirement, RK-Recordkeeping required, W-Written materials required, C-Certification requirement, MS-Medical surveillance requirement Key: P-Program requirement, QP-Qualified person required, CP-Competent person required, FC-Frequently  Construction 3/X Stairways and ladders, training requirements 1926.1060 CP Train employees who use ladders and stairways during construction work; employees must recognize ladder and stairway hazards and know how to minimize the hazards. They must be trained by a competent person and must understand the following: Fall hazards in the work area Procedures for erecting, maintaining, and disassembling fall-protection systems Proper construction, use, placement, and care of stairways and ladders Maximum intended load-carrying capacities of ladders ® ™ See the Oregon OSHA publication, “Portable ladders: types, use, and care” [440-3083] 1926.1060, Training requirements 3/Z Asbestos 1926.1101 W, P, CP, R, M, MS, C, RK Annually train employees who install asbestos-containing products or who do Class I through IV asbestos work. Class I and II work. Training must be equal to the EPA Model Accreditation Plan. Training must be hands-on and at least eight hours. Class III work. Training must be equivalent to the EPA Operations and Maintenance Course. Training must be at least 16 hours and include hands-on respiratory protection training. Class IV work. Training must be equivalent to the EPA Awareness Training Course for maintenance and custodial employees who work in buildings with asbestos-containing material. All asbestos training must cover the following topics: Methods of recognizing asbestos Health effects associated with asbestos exposure The relationship between smoking, asbestos, and lung cancer Operations that could result in exposure to asbestos Proper use of respirators Appropriate work practices for asbestos jobs Medical-surveillance program requirements Public health organizations that help employees quit smoking Requirements for posting signs Access to training materials. Make available to employees written training materials and a copy of 1926.1101. Training for the competent person. For Class I and II asbestos work, the competent person must be trained in all aspects of asbestos removal and handling. For Class III and IV asbestos work, the competent person must be trained in appropriate asbestos-handling methods.  Construction Training records. Keep training records for one year beyond each employee’s last employment date. Pulmonary function testing. Except for licensed physicians, those who administer pulmonary function testing must complete a training course in spirometry sponsored by an appropriate academic or professional institution. ® ™ ™ ™ ™ See the Oregon OSHA publication, “Asbestos: Rules of abatement” [440-2129] 1926.1101(k)(9), Employee information and training 1926.1101(m)(1)(ii)(B), Pulmonary-function testing 1926.1101(n)(4), Training records 1926.1101(o)(4), Training for the competent person 3/Z Cadmium 1926.1127 W, P, CP, R, M, MS, C, RK Train all employees whose work involves potential exposure to cadmium. Annual training is required and it must cover the following: Health hazards associated with cadmium exposure Operations that could result in exposure to cadmium How employees can protect themselves from cadmium exposure The proper use of respirators and protective clothing The purpose of the medical-surveillance program Certify that employees have been trained; document each trainee’s name, the trainer’s signature, and the date the training was completed. Records must be maintained for one year. You must also comply with the training requirements of Oregon OSHA’s hazard communication rules. ™ ™ 1926.1127(m)(4), Employee information and training 1926.1127(n)(4), Recordkeeping Key: P-Program requirement, QP-Qualified person required, CP-Competent person required, FC-Frequently cited for violation, R-Respirator required, M-Monitoring requirement, RK-Recordkeeping required, W-Written materials required, C-Certification requirement, MS-Medical surveillance requirement  Construction 3/Z Methylene chloride 1926.1152 W, P, R, M, MS, RK Provide information and training to affected employees before or at the time of their initial assignment to jobs involving exposure to methylene chloride; ensure the information is presented in a manner that they can understand. Include the training requirements of Oregon OSHA’s hazard communication rules, 1910.1200(h). Inform affected employees of the requirements of 1926.1152 and make a copy available to them in the workplace. Whenever an employee’s exposure to airborne concentrations of methylene chloride exceeds the action level, inform the employee and describe the specific operations in the workplace that could result in exposure above the eight-hour time-weighted average (TWA), personal exposure limit (PEL), or short-term exposure limit (STEL). Retrain affected employees as necessary to ensure that they understand of the principles of safe use and handling of methylene chloride in the workplace. When there are changes in the workplace that increase employee exposure above the action level, update the training to ensure that each affected employee has the requisite proficiency. When employees are exposed to methylene chloride at a multi-employer worksite, notify the other employers whose employees work at the site in accordance with the requirements of Oregon OSHA’s hazard communication rule, 1910.1200. Provide to Oregon OSHA, upon request, all available materials relating to employee information and training. Ensure that all incidental leaks are repaired and that incidental spills are cleaned promptly by employees who use the appropriate personal protective equipment and are trained in proper methods of cleanup. ™ ™ 1926.1152(f)(3)(ii), Leak and spill detection 1926.1152(l), Employee information and training Key: P-Program requirement, QP-Qualified person required, CP-Competent person required, FC-Frequently cited for violation, R-Respirator required, M-Monitoring requirement, RK-Recordkeeping required, W-Written materials required, C-Certification requirement, MS-Medical surveillance requirement 0  Agriculture  Agriculture 4/A General standards 437-004-0099 ® ™ CP, FC A competent person or persons must inspect every place of employment at least quarterly. See 437-004-0250(5)(g) for other requirements related to these inspections. See the Oregon OSHA publications, “Agriculture labor housing inspection checklist” [440-1876], “Agricultural Seasonal Worker Orientation” [440-3331], and “Cultivate a safe workplace: Smart practices for agriculture workers” [440-2411] 437-004-0099(3), Inspections by competent person 4/C Safety committees 437-004-0250 W, FC, RK Discuss the requirements in 437-004-0250 and the purpose and operation of the committee with safety committee members. Committee members must have timely access to all Oregon OSHA standards that apply to their work. Committee members must receive training in hazard identification. Safety orientations for seasonal workers. All seasonal workers doing hand labor and field work must receive the following information in a safety orientation meeting before beginning work for the first time or when work conditions or locations change in a way that could affect their safety or health: The Oregon OSHA publication, “Safe practices when working around hazardous agricultural chemicals” [440-1951] if their work is covered by 437-004-9800, Hazard Communication, or the Worker Protection Standard The workplace safety and health requirements for the work they will do Procedures for employees to contact supervisors or managers in an accident, illness or any other problem related to safety or health Procedures for treatment of injured or sick employees and summoning of emergency assistance The location of posted safety and health information ™ ™ 437-004-0250(7), Training 437-004-0250(8), Safety orientation for seasonal workers Key: P-Program requirement, QP-Qualified person required, CP-Competent person required, FC-Frequently cited for violation, R-Respirator required, M-Monitoring requirement, RK-Recordkeeping required, W-Written materials required, C-Certification requirement, MS-Medical surveillance requirement  Agriculture Noise exposure 437-004-0630 4/G P, QP, M, RK All employees exposed at or above the eight-hour time-weighted average (TWA) of 85 decibels must receive initial and annual training. Update the training if there are changes in the hearing protection used or in work processes. The training program must include: The effects of noise on hearing The purpose of hearing protectors; the advantages, disadvantages, and attenuation of various types; and instructions on selection, fitting, use, and care The purpose of the hearing test and an explanation of the test procedures ™ 437-004-0630(11), Training 4/I Respiratory protection 437-004-1041 W, P, CP, FC, R Train employees to use respirators properly. Training must focus on why a respirator is necessary, the importance of proper fit, a respirator’s capabilities and limitations, how to use a respirator in emergencies, and how to care for it. New employees who have had respirator training within 12 months of their hire date are exempt from training for their first year on the job if they can demonstrate they know how to use and maintain their respirators. Retraining is required at least annually; sooner if worksite hazards change or if employees switch to another type of respirator. Employees who don’t understand how to use or properly care for their respirators must also must be retrained. Any employee not required to wear a respirator who asks to wear one must read 1910.134, Appendix D, Information for Employees Using Respirators When Not Required Under the Standard. ™ 437-004-1041(11), Training and administration ® See the Oregon OSHA publication, “The air you breathe; Oregon OSHA’s respiratory protection guide for agricultural employers” [440-3654] Key: P-Program requirement, QP-Qualified person required, CP-Competent person required, FC-Frequently cited for violation, R-Respirator required, M-Monitoring requirement, RK-Recordkeeping required, W-Written materials required, C-Certification requirement, MS-Medical surveillance requirement  Agriculture 4/J The control of hazardous energy (lockout/tagout) 437-004-1275 W, P, FC, RK Authorized employees must be able to recognize hazardous energy sources and types of energy in their workplaces and know how to control and isolate the energy. Affected employees must know about the purpose of the energy-control program. Other employees who may be exposed to hazardous energy must be instructed about energy-control procedures and about the prohibition to restart or energize locked-out or tagged-out equipment. An authorized person is one to whom the employer gives authority and responsibility to perform a specific assignment. ™ 437-004-1275(5)(g), Training and communication Medical services and first aid 437-004-1305 4/K W, FC If local emergency medical responders cannot handle injuries or illnesses at your worksite, your emergency medical plan must indicate the names, locations, and phone numbers of trained persons who can provide first aid. You must also ensure that your employees understand the plan and their responsibilities under the plan. ™ 437-004-1305(4)(c), Emergency medical plan Forklifts and other powered industrial trucks 437-004-1700 4/N P Develop and use a training program for operators of powered industrial trucks. You or an outside training entity may provide the training. It must contain at least the following information: A study and test covering the requirements of 437-004-1700, the information provided by the industrial truck manufacturer, and any other information necessary to operate industrial trucks safely at your workplace. A behind-the-wheel driving test, supervised by a person competent in the operation of the industrial truck and familiar with how the industrial truck will be used. Only trained employees may operate powered industrial trucks, except those under direct supervision as part of the behind-the-wheel training program. Conduct refresher training annually or when an employee’s driving record indicates the need for additional training. Do not consider a new employee trained and qualified based on experience from a previous employer unless the previous experience was on the same type of equipment under substantially the same operating circumstances and the employee had a record of safe operation. ™ 437-004-1700(8), Operator training Key: P-Program requirement, QP-Qualified person required, CP-Competent person required, FC-Frequently cited for violation, R-Respirator required, M-Monitoring requirement, RK-Recordkeeping required, W-Written materials required, C-Certification requirement, MS-Medical surveillance requirement  Agriculture P 4/W esticide handling and application requirements (Worker protection standard) P Workers and handlers must receive and understand pesticide-safety training. Trainers must meet at least one of the following criteria: Be currently certified as an applicator of restricted-use pesticides Be designated as a trainer of certified applicators or pesticide handlers Have completed a pesticide-safety trainer program Satisfy the training requirements in the worker protection standard Before workers enter a pesticide-treated area, they must have training that covers the following: Heeding warnings about keeping out of treated or restricted areas Washing before eating, drinking, using chewing gum or tobacco, or using the toilet Wearing work clothing that protects the body from pesticide residues Washing or showering with soap and water, shampooing hair, and putting on clean clothes after work Washing work clothes separately from other clothes before wearing them again Washing immediately in clean water if pesticides are spilled or sprayed on the body. As soon as possible, showering, shampooing, and changing into clean clothes An employer or trainer who issues an EPA-approved worker protection standard training certificate must ensure that the worker who receives the certificate has been trained in accordance with the requirements of 170.130(d)(4), Training programs. ® ™ ™ ™ ™ ™ ™ See the Oregon OSHA publication, “Safe practices when working around hazardous agricultural chemicals” [440-1951] 170.110, Restrictions associated with pesticide applications 170.112, Entry restrictions 170.130, Pesticide-safety training for workers 170.210, Restrictions during applications 170.230, Pesticide-safety training for workers 170.234, Safe operation of equipment Key: P-Program requirement, QP-Qualified person required, CP-Competent person required, FC-Frequently cited for violation, R-Respirator required, M-Monitoring requirement, RK-Recordkeeping required, W-Written materials required, C-Certification requirement, MS-Medical surveillance requirement  Agriculture 4/Z Lead 437-004-9600 W, P, R, M, MS, RK All employees exposed to lead at or above the action level or to lead compounds that may cause skin or eye irritation must participate in an annual lead-hazards training program covering the following: The requirements of 1910.1025 and its appendices (work that exposes employees to lead must comply with Lead 1910.1025) Operations that could result in exposure to lead above the action level The purpose, proper selection, fitting, and use of respirators The medical-surveillance program and the medical-removal protection program Engineering controls and work practices Any compliance plan in effect Prohibitions against removing lead with chelating agents without the direction of a licensed physician Employees’ right of access to records Provide all information and training materials to employees or to Oregon OSHA upon request. ® ™ See the Oregon OSHA publication, “Lead and lead poisoning” [440-3937] 1910.1025(l), Employee information and training 4/Z Cadmium 437-004-9620 W, P, R, M, MS, RK Work that exposes employees to cadmium must comply with 1910.1027, Cadmium, unless the work is construction-related. For construction-related work, 437-003-1127, Cadmium applies. ™ ™ ™ ™ 1910.1027(m)(4), Employee information and training 2 Z 1910.1027(n)(4), Recordkeeping 2 Z 1926.1127(m)(4), Employee information and training 1926.1127(n)(4), Training, certification 4/Z Hazard communication 437-004-9800 W, P, FC, RK Employees must receive information and training on hazardous chemicals in their work areas before they begin their jobs and before they are exposed to new hazards. Chemical-specific information must be described on labels and in material safety data sheets. Employees who mix, load, apply, or handle hazardous chemicals also must receive hazard communication information and training. ™ 437-004-9800(7), Information and training Key: P-Program requirement, QP-Qualified person required, CP-Competent person required, FC-Frequently cited for violation, R-Respirator required, M-Monitoring requirement, RK-Recordkeeping required, W-Written materials required, C-Certification requirement, MS-Medical surveillance requirement  Forest activities  Forest activities 7/B Supervisory responsibilities 437-007-01110 You must verify that employees have received adequate safety instruction and training and can perform their assigned tasks safely. Supervisory responsibilities include the following: Require all employees to demonstrate the ability to perform their tasks safely before permitting them to work independently Closely supervise each employee who receives job instruction and training Provide job safety and health instruction and train or discipline employees who work unsafely ™ 437-007-0110, Supervisory responsibilities 7/B Accident investigation 437-007-0125 W, RK You must investigate fatalities and serious injuries, discuss near misses with employees, and inform employees of corrective measures that result from investigations. Document accident investigations and corrective measures taken; keep the documents for three years. ™ 437-007-0125, Accident investigation 7/B Training, safety and health program 437-007-0140 W, QP, FC, RK Provide job safety and health training to all employees before their initial work assignments or before they are assigned new tasks, tools, equipment, machines, or vehicles. Safety and health training must include the following: Safe work procedures, practices, and requirements Recognition of safety and health hazards associated with each employee’s specific work tasks, including measures and work practices to prevent or control hazards Safe use, operation, and maintenance of tools, equipment, machines, and vehicles that each employee uses or operates, including the manufacturer’s operating and maintenance instructions, warnings, and precautions A review of Division 7 requirements and hazards associated with your work ® ™ See the Oregon OSHA publication, “Forest activities reference card” [440-2967] 437-007-0140, Training 7/C Hazard identification 437-007-0205 Ensure that hazards are marked with hazard identification ribbon. The ribbon must be bright orange, at least 11/2 inches wide, and marked with black skull and crossbones, the word “Danger,” or both. Notify employees of existing marked hazards in their work areas and instruct them so that they recognize the ribbon and know what it means. ™  437-007-0205, Hazard identification Forest activities 7/C Medical services and first aid 437-007-0220 W, FC Develop and implement an emergency medical plan for dealing with on-site emergencies and ensure that employees understand the plan. Those employed in forest activities must be trained in first aid and CPR. All employees must be informed of the location of first-aid supplies. ™ 437-007-0220, Medical services and first aid 7/D Respiratory protection when machines are operated 437-007-0350 R, MS When you require employees to wear respirators or when forest-activities rules require them, you must provide the respirators, medical evaluations, and respirator training at no cost to employees. You must train employees about the respiratory hazards to which they are exposed during their work, how to put on and remove respirators, the limitations on respirator use, and how to maintain and store respirators. ™ 437-007-0350(2) and (4), Respiratory protection when machines are operated 7/E Fire extinguishers 437-007-0410 ™ ™ 437-007-0410(1), Fire extinguishers 1910.157(g), Training and education W, RK Portable fire extinguisher use, training, and maintenance must be in accordance with the requirements in Subdivision 2/L, Fire protection. 7/H General machine operator requirements 437-007-0705 Machines must be started and operated only by authorized personnel. Operators must be instructed in and comply with manufacturer recommendations for machine operation, maintenance, safe work practices, and on-site operating procedures. FC ™ 437-007-0705(1)-(2), Machine operator requirements Key: P-Program requirement, QP-Qualified person required, CP-Competent person required, FC-Frequently cited for violation, R-Respirator required, M-Monitoring requirement, RK-Recordkeeping required, W-Written materials required, C-Certification requirement, MS-Medical surveillance requirement  Forest activities 7/H Securing machines 437-007-0725 W Implement procedures to prevent the release of stored energy, accidental startup, or movement of the machine before the operator leaves the workstation. Instruct all authorized employees in shutdown procedures. Authorized employees must demonstrate a working knowledge of the specific shutdown procedures they are required to use. ™ 437-007-0725, Securing machines 7/J Working near standing tree anchors and tail support trees 437-007-0927 CP Affected personnel must be notified of the potential failure zone of any tail tree, intermediate support tree, and standing tree anchor. The potential failure zone is the area that could be affected by the failure of any part of a tail tree, intermediate support tree, or standing tree anchor from forces or loads imposed on the tree by guylines, running lines, or skylines. A competent person must instruct affected personnel in the safe work practices required for work activity in any potential failure zone. Instruction must identify the boundaries of the potential failure zone, potential for the boundaries of the failure zone to change when line pull and line angles change, and limitations or restrictions for entering or working in the potential failure zone. ™ 437-007-0927(1) and (7), Working near standing tree anchors and tail support trees Training, wildland fire suppression 7/N 437-007-1325 RK, QP The following requirements are in addition to the training requirements of 437-007-0140. You must ensure that all personnel who may be called upon to do wildland fire suppression or prescribed fire activities receive basic wildland fire-safety training. Training must be presented by a qualified person, must include instruction and training on the curriculum outlined in Appendix 7C, and must be presented in a language and manner that the employee can understand. Keep a written record of each employee’s basic wildland fire-safety training. Employees who are issued fire shelters must first receive instructions on how to use them from a qualified person, and at least annually thereafter. ™ ™ 437-007-0140, Training 437-007-1325, Training Key: P-Program requirement, QP-Qualified person required, CP-Competent person required, FC-Frequently cited for violation, R-Respirator required, M-Monitoring requirement, RK-Recordkeeping required, W-Written materials required, C-Certification requirement, MS-Medical surveillance requirement 0 Notes  OregonOSHA Consultative Services Services Oregon OSHA offers a wide variety of safety and health services to employers and employees: Offers no-cost, on-site safety and health assistance to help Oregon employers recognize and correct workplace safety and health problems. Provides consultations in the areas of safety, industrial hygiene, ergonomics, occupational safety and health programs, assistance to new businesses, the Safety and Health Achievement Recognition Program (SHARP), and the Voluntary Protection Program (VPP). Enforcement Offers pre-job conferences for mobile employers in industries such as logging and construction. Inspects places of employment for occupational safety and health hazards and investigates workplace complaints and accidents. Provides abatement assistance to employers who have received citations and provides compliance and technical assistance by phone. Appeals, Informal Conferences Provides the opportunity for employers to hold informal meetings with Oregon OSHA on concerns about workplace safety and health. Discusses Oregon OSHA’s requirements and clarifies workplace safety or health violations. Discusses abatement dates and negotiates settlement agreements to resolve disputed citations. Standards & Technical Resources Develops, interprets, and provides technical advice on safety and health standards. Provides copies of all Oregon OSHA occupational safety and health standards. Publishes booklets, pamphlets, and other materials to assist in the implementation of safety and health standards and programs. Operates a Resource Center containing books, topical files, technical periodicals, and a video lending library.  Public Education & Conferences Conducts conferences, seminars, workshops, and rule forums. Coordinates and provides technical training on topics such as confined space, ergonomics, lockout/tagout, and excavations. Provides workshops covering management of basic safety and health programs, safety committees, accident investigation, and job safety analysis. Manages the Safety and Health Education and Training Grant Program, which awards grants to industrial and labor groups to develop training materials in occupational safety and health for Oregon workers. For more information, call the Oregon OSHA office nearest you. Salem Central Office 350 Winter St. NE, Rm. 430 Salem, OR 97301-3882 Phone: (503) 378-3272 Toll-free: (800) 922-2689 Fax: (503) 947-7461 en Español: (800) 843-8086 Web site: www.orosha.org Eugene 1140 Willagillespie, Ste. 42 Eugene, OR 97401-2101 (541) 686-7562 Consultation: (541) 686-7913 Bend Red Oaks Square 1230 NE Third St., Ste. A-115 Bend, OR 97701-4374 (541) 388-6066 Consultation: (541) 388-6068 Medford 1840 Barnett Rd., Ste. D Medford, OR 97504-8250 (541) 776-6030 Consultation: (541) 776-6016 Pendleton 721 SE Third St., Ste. 306 Pendleton, OR 97801-3056 (541) 276-9175 Consultation: (541) 276-2353 Portland 1750 NW Naito Parkway, Ste. 112 Portland, OR 97209-2533 (503) 229-5910 Consultation: (503) 229-6193 Salem 1340 Tandem Ave., Ste. 160 Salem, OR 97303 (503) 378-3274 Consultation: (503) 373-7819  Notes  440-3311 (10/07) OR-OSHA