Unit Guide: Ancient and Classical Greece Lesson Focus: I. Geography
II. Roots of Greek civilization A. Minoans B. Mycenaeans Life in the polis-Athens as a case study A. Development of democracy B. Belief system-a religion of many gods C. Daily life A Tale of Two City-States A. Comparison of Athens & Sparta B. Greek Wars Classical Greece A. Pericles-The Golden Age in Athens B. Legacies/Contributions Alexander the Great A. Alexander’s conquest B. Hellenistic Age
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Essential Questions:
1. 2. 3. 4. How did the geography influence the development of Greek civilization? Was Athens truly democratic? How did social class and gender affect the daily lives of the Greeks? Who as Alexander the Great and was he deserving of the title?
Vocabulary: polis (city-state)-Included a city and the territory surrounding the city. The city controlled the farmland and villages around it. Each had its’ own government, was self-sufficient and had shared beliefs and values. democracy-Places the power of decision making in the hands of the people, developed in Athens monarchy-A system of government in which a king rules over a group of people. In ancient Greece, the king of a city-state was usually the head of the most powerful family. oligarchy-A system of government in which a few people hold power over a larger group. tyrant-A leader who seized power through the use of force. sanctuary-sacred places built by Greeks to honor their gods. oracle-predictions, Greeks believed gods & goddesses revealed hidden knowledge through these oracles acropolis-a flat-topped fortified hill in the middle of Athens
agora-large, open, square marketplace metic-non-citizens, foreigners to a city-state citizen-person who has the right to participate in the government helot-state-owned slave, farmed plots of land they were assigned to aristocrat-rich land owners alliance-an agreement between city-states philosopher-a person who searches for truth and the meaning of life conquest-victory by force Classical Age-time period marked by great achievement fables-stories that teach readers about life or give advice on how to live life reason-clear and ordered thinking cavalry-a unit of soldiers who ride horses phalanx-a group of soldiers who stood close together in a square Hellenistic-Greek-like. The art and culture of the Hellenistic period was a mixture of Greek and Eastern art and culture. Greece became the teacher of the Western world in areas of science, art, literature and philosophy.