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PRODUCT EVALUATION SYSTEMS, INC.
Mechanical, Nondestructive, Metallographic & Chemical Testing,
Failure Analysis, Consultant Services, Machining & Brazing
637 Donohoe Road | Latrobe, PA 15650 | PHONE (724) 834-8848 | FAX (724) 834-9151 | www.ProductEvaluationSystems.com
ISO 17025
PRODUCT EVALUATION SYSTEMS, INC.
Product Evaluation Systems (PES), mechanical testing, test specimen
Inc. is an independent testing preparation, metallography, hardness
laboratory, specializing in mechanical, testing and nondestructive
metallurgical, chemical and evaluation.
nondestructive testing and analysis.
Through affiliation with MCS
The company has been in business
Associates, a consulting company
since 1979 and has grown over the
housed on the same premises
intervening years to its present
specializing in materials structure/
staffing complement of 15. The
property evaluations, failure analysis
company moved into larger premises
and litigation support, PES is able to
in 1996. The new building, located
offer its clients a complete service.
30 miles east of Pittsburgh on the
The reasons for nonconforming
outskirts of Latrobe in Unity
mechanical test data can be
Township, has over 15,000 sq. feet of
investigated on the spot. Prototype
laboratory, machine shop, high-bay
development studies, involving a
and office space.
combination of testing and analysis,
From its first day of business, PES can be undertaken. The combined
has been proud to offer exceptional company capabilities, giving clients
personalized response to customer not only a rapid response to testing
needs. The company includes a strong needs but also offering metallurgical
cadre of core personnel with 20-40 analysis of the underlying reasons for
years of individual experience in unacceptable data, is an advantage
machining and testing and PES and MCS are proud to provide.
metallurgical evaluation. Expertise is
PES appreciates your interest in the
based on service with several local
company and invites you to call us to
corporations, including Westinghouse
discuss your special needs. We are
and U.S. Steel.
willing to take on projects of all
PES has received accreditation from types, and have traveled extensively
the National Aerospace Defense to work on location with clients in
Contractors Accreditation Program the U.S., Europe and Great Britain.
(Nadcap) and the International Our goal is to provide test results and
Standard ISO/IEC 17025 through the solve your technical problems in a
Performance Review Institute (PRI). comprehensive, expedient and cost-
Accreditation awarded to PES covers effective manner.
ANNOUNCEMENT
We are pleased to announce that Product Evaluation Systems, Inc.
(PES) has received accreditation from National Aerospace Defense
Contractors Accreditation Program (Nadcap) and International
Standard ISO/IEC 17025 through the Performance Review Institute
ISO 17025 (PRI). Accreditation awarded to PES is for Mechanical Testing and
AS7114 Test Specimen Preparation, Metallography and Hardness Testing.
In addition, our Nondestructive Testing (NDT) program is certified
to the stringent requirements of AS7114 (Nadcap).
PES Accredited • Tensile • Microindentation Hardness
Mechanical, • Impact (surface & interior)
Metallographic and • Hardness (Brinell, Rockwell & Vickers)
Nondestructive • Bend
Testing Capabilities • Metallography • IGA/IGO
(macro & micro) • Alloy Depletion
• Microstructural Examination to 1000X • Inclusion Ratings
• Digital Macro- and Micro-photography • Magnetic Particle
• Oxidation/Corrosion • Liquid Penetrant
Other Capabilities • Hydrostatic Pressure Testing • Welder Qualification
• Chemical Analysis Per ASME and AWS Specifications,
A full range of analytical techniques and API (American Petroleum Institute)
services are available. • Portable Hardness Testing:
• Gage and Torque Wrench Calibration ECHOTIP, Rockwell and Vickers
• Jominy End-Quench Hardness Testing • Compression Testing
• Composite Materials Testing ASTM D790 • Magnetic Permeability
• Torque vs. Tension Curves for Fasteners • ASTM Corrosion Testing
• Field Metallography • Testing for Unique Materials/Applications
In collaboration with MCS Associates, Inc., PES also offers full engineering support for
preparation of technical reports and a complete range of metallurgical consulting, including
corrosion, wear and failure analysis. Expertise also includes coatings and bearing materials,
and experience in providing technical support for litigation cases.
We are your complete service center for all materials problems.
PRODUCT EVALUATION SYSTEMS, INC.
637 Donohoe Road | Latrobe, PA 15650 | PHONE (724) 834-8848 | FAX (724) 834-9151
ISO 17025
www.ProductEvaluationSystems.com
MECHANICAL TESTING
Determination of basic mechanical properties
is a fundamental component of product quality
assurance. PES has facilities for machining
specimens and performing all standard ASTM
mechanical property tests. These include tensile,
Izod, and Charpy impact, bend tests and hardness
measurements using Vickers, Rockwell or Brinell
methods. Fatigue, creep and stress rupture tests can
also be performed.
Tensile Testing • Metallic materials (ASTM E8)
120K, 60K and 20K • Metallic materials at elevated temperatures up to 1,750 °F (ASTM E21)
Universal machines • Aluminum alloys (ASTM B557)
equipped with digital
• Flexural testing of nonmetallic laminates (ASTM D790)
controls and readout.
• Compression testing of nonmetallic laminates (ASTM D229)
• Bend testing per various ASTM specifications up to 1/2" maximum thickness (ASTM E190)
Impact Testing • Charpy testing from +1,000 °F to -329 °F
• Complete ductile/brittle transition tests
• Izod testing (ASTM E23)
Hardness Testing • Brinell hardness (ASTM E10)
• Microindentation hardness (ASTM E384)
• Rockwell hardness and superficial hardness (ASTM E18)
• Portable hardness testing capability
• Vickers hardness, 1 to 250 kg (ASTM E92)
Jominy Testing • Determination of the hardenability of steel (ASTM A255)
Weld Qualification • Welder qualification per ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code,
Testing Section IX & AWS D1.1
Calibration • Calibration of various types of compression and tension gauges
• Certification and calibration up to 2,000 ft.lbs.
Torque vs. Tension • Generation of complete torque vs. tension curves on fasteners
Testing • Capacity up to 200,000 lbs. using a Skidmore Wilhelm tester
PRODUCT EVALUATION SYSTEMS, INC.
637 Donohoe Road | Latrobe, PA 15650 | PHONE (724) 834-8848 | FAX (724) 834-9151
ISO 17025
www.ProductEvaluationSystems.com
METALLOGRAPHY LABORATORY
Characterization of microstructure is a vital part of quality assurance and failure analysis.
Although chemistry and mechanical properties may meet specific requirements, there are
many situations in which an inferior microstructure can lead to corrosion, fatigue, or
other stress-related problems in service.
Our Metallography laboratory is staffed by highly experienced personnel and state-of-
the-art equipment. We have the capability to produce digital images up to the limit of
light-optical resolution. These images can be generated in “real time” in black and white
or color, and transmitted electronically to the client.
Experience is the cornerstone of our high quality metallographic sample preparation.
Familiarity with the characteristics of metals and alloys of all types results in prepared
surfaces free of artifacts and with good edge retention. Our knowledge of chemical and
electrolytic etching provides the ability to reveal specific phases, metalworking features
or the effects of thermal history. Among the typical structural phenomena we routinely
evaluate are inclusion content, grain size measurement, weld defects, casting defects,
mechanical working, stress corrosion cracking, decarburization, chemical segregation,
prior austenite grain size measurement and other effects of heat treatment.
Equipment:
Olympus PME-3 inverted metallurgical microscope (50X to 1000X)
• Chemical segregation
• Effects of heat treatment or mechanical working
• Inclusion content (ASTM E45)
• Intergranular attack
• Coating characteristics
• Weld defects
• Surface discontinuities
• Plating thickness, adhesion
• Susceptibility to corrosion test (ASTM A262)
• Grain flow in metals and alloys
• Stress corrosion cracking
• Failure analysis features
Image analyzing system (PAX-it!™) with digital camera
• Grain size and prior austenitic grain size (ASTM E112)
• Microstructural phase measurements
• Delta ferrite and individual phase content (%)
• Nodularity (cast irons)
• Precise high magnification measurements
– Coatings – Voids
– Weld depths – Oxidation/corrosion (ASTM B487)
PRODUCT EVALUATION SYSTEMS, INC.
637 Donohoe Road | Latrobe, PA 15650 | PHONE (724) 834-8848 | FAX (724) 834-9151
ISO 17025
www.ProductEvaluationSystems.com
METALLOGRAPHY LABORATORY
Equipment (continued):
Digital Sony Camera with Zeiss Optics (1X to 6X)
• Macro examination and documentation
• Macro-etching (E340 & E381)
Stereomicroscope, Bausch & Lomb (10X to 70X)
• Three-dimensional observation
– Fractures
– Failure analysis
– Surface defects
Microindentation Hardness Tester
• Wilson Tukon (Vickers/Knoop 10g to 1000g)
– Microindentation hardness tests (ASTM E384)
– Carburization-case depth (ASTM B931 & B934)
– Decarburization (ASTM E1077)
Macroindentation Vickers Hardness Tester
• Wolpert Gries (1kg to 250kg)
– Macroindentation hardness tests (ASTM E92)
Other Microscope Facilities, Available on an As-Needed Basis, Include:
Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)
• Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) capability
– Qualitative analysis – Coating composition analysis
– Quantitative analysis – Rapid material alloy identification
– Elemental mapping – Small component material analysis
– Line Profile analysis – Phase identification and distribution
– Corrosion evaluation – Foreign material analysis
• Secondary electron (SEI) and backscatter electron (BSE) imaging
• Fractography
Electron Microprobe Analysis (EMPA)
• Quantitative element analysis from Be to U
• Detection as low as 20 ppm
• One micron beam diameter
• 2 eV to 30 eV resolution
• Five high resolution Wavelength Spectrometers
• Ultra-sensitive light-element detectors
• X-ray mapping for elements
• BSE and SEI
PRODUCT EVALUATION SYSTEMS, INC.
637 Donohoe Road | Latrobe, PA 15650 | PHONE (724) 834-8848 | FAX (724) 834-9151
ISO 17025
www.ProductEvaluationSystems.com
NONDESTRUCTIVE TESTING
Product Evaluation Systems, Inc. has a long tradition of
providing quality nondestructive testing (NDT) services
to its customers. Our experienced, certified technicians
have inspected components used in nuclear, aviation,
power generation and other critical applications. The
QC Manager at PES is qualified to Level III and
certifies our technicians. He is available to answer any
questions you may have regarding NDT inspection. In
addition, our NDT program is certified to the stringent
requirements of AS7114 (Nadcap).
Liquid Penetrant Magnetic Particle
Inspection PES uses both fluorescent and visible PES utilizes a horizontal magnetic particle
Capabilities techniques to perform PT inspections. machine for wet fluorescent testing, and
Parts of various sizes and shapes can be AC yokes for dry particle testing.
inspected.
NAS 410
Personnel Level II
Certifications Level III
SNT-TC-1A
System
Nadcap and General Dynamics
Certifications
Welder PES can assist you with all of your welder qualifications. Whether you are working to AWS,
Qualifications ASME, API, DOT, MIL or nuclear specifications, our experts can assist in development of a
welding test procedure and fulfillment of welder performance qualifications.
PRODUCT EVALUATION SYSTEMS, INC.
637 Donohoe Road | Latrobe, PA 15650 | PHONE (724) 834-8848 | FAX (724) 834-9151
AS7114
www.ProductEvaluationSystems.com
FAILURE ANALYSIS
IN PARTNERSHIP WITH
The PES/MCS Partnership
The relationship between PES and MCS Associates, Inc. (MCS) began in the 1980s. At
that time, the parent company of MCS, Metallurgical Consulting Services Ltd. (Canada)
was involved in several international failure investigations and PES provided mechanical
testing, NDE and laboratory support. It was largely as a result of this work that MCS was
founded in the US in 1991, and a natural consequence for collaboration between MCS
and PES to continue and grow. In 2001, MCS moved into offices on the PES premises in
Latrobe, PA and more complete business assimilation began. Although the two companies
retain individual identities, their operations are now fully integrated and together offer a
complete failure analysis service. With the metallurgical and testing facilities at PES, the
combined capabilities provide material selection, metallurgical analysis, heat treatment
optimization, R&D projects and litigation support.
Dr. Chris Bagnall
Dr. Bagnall, President of MCS Associates, Inc. and a Director of PES, has forty years
of professional experience in physical metallurgy. Early in his career, he worked at
The Welding Institute in the UK, then at The Boeing Co. in Seattle, WA, and later
at Westinghouse Advanced Energy Systems in Pittsburgh, PA. From 1993 to 2000, he
was employed at Concurrent Technologies Corporation, Johnstown, PA, with project
management responsibility. Dr. Bagnall has over 30 technical literature publications,
and is editor-in-chief of the international journal Materials Characterization. He is the
co-editor of two books and has been granted three US Patents. He is a Fellow of ASM
International, and is also a member of the International Metallographic Society.
Failure Analysis Experience
Experience with failure analysis has extended over 15 years, and has been a full-time
occupation since PES and MCS joined forces in 2001. Projects have included: forensic
investigation of damage to an afterburner in a municipal waste power generator; failures
to longwall mining components and mining chain; manufacturing problems with
microswitches, stainless steel, brass and bronze valves; defects in high voltage switch
components; fatigue damage in railcars and identification of defects in a wide variety of
cast, forged, rolled and drawn aluminum and specialty steel components. In addition,
PES/MCS has supported investigation of defects and failures in products and production
hardware associated with a wide variety of industries in the tri-state area of PA, VA and
OH. Consulting services have also extended to Canada, the UK and Europe.
Contact Us
We would be pleased to help with your materials problem. Our networking capabilities are
worldwide and we can solicit help when needed on all types of metallurgical, mechanical,
corrosion and service environment issues. Call MCS at 724-836-7837, or reach us through
the PES contact information below.
PRODUCT EVALUATION SYSTEMS, INC.
637 Donohoe Road | Latrobe, PA 15650 | PHONE (724) 834-8848 | FAX (724) 834-9151
ISO 17025
www.ProductEvaluationSystems.com
CALIBRATION SERVICES
PES provides a wide range of calibration
services, and continues adding new
capabilities in order to meet the needs
of our customers. Calibrations can be
performed in our laboratory or at your
facility.
Capabilities • Pressure Gages • Ring Gages Dimensional Gage Calibration
(partial listing)
• Vacuum Gages • Pin Gages
• Precision Scales • Height Gages
• Precision Balances • Torque Wrenches
• Calipers • Gage Blocks
• Micrometers • Dial Indicators
Traceability All calibrations performed by PES are traceable to N.I.S.T. and performed in accordance
with ANSI/NCSL Z540-1-1994, ISO 10012-1 1992, ISO/IEC Guide 17025 1990.
Calibration Certificates PES provides a certificate of calibration with all calibrated equipment. All items are
and Labels labeled identifying the technician, calibration date, calibration due date, and identification
number.
Precision Scale Calibration Pressure Gage Calibration
PRODUCT EVALUATION SYSTEMS, INC.
637 Donohoe Road | Latrobe, PA 15650 | PHONE (724) 834-8848 | FAX (724) 834-9151
ISO 17025
www.ProductEvaluationSystems.com
FIELD SURVEILLANCE METALLOGRAPHY
It is often necessary for practical or logistical reasons to perform metallographic studies
Fusion and microstructural analysis away from the laboratory. The science of field surveillance
0.0"
Boundary
metallography has developed significantly from its inception over 50 years ago. With
1.4"
the increasing and more stringent requirements demanded by safety regulations, the
need for this service has grown. Inspections of large structures of all types, ranging from
storage tanks to power plant vessels and piping, to rolling mill equipment and oil
Area mapping for replication and industry component manufacture, provide a broad spectrum for “on location”
hardness surveys on a large vessel
metallographic and metallurgical services.
Field Surveillance Metallography (FSM) has not become widely recognized as an
important technique for NDE. Its key attribute is that the surface preparation and
subsequent metallographic examinations are nondestructive. FSM presents no hazard
or risk to integrity or subsequent localized corrosion susceptibility of the structure.
Agfa/Krautkramer TIV Portable Hardness After an initial cleaning, careful removal of dirt and/or corrosion product, the structure
Tester
or component can be:
• Inspected and photographed at low magnification (unaided eye and magnifying glass)
• Replicated to record surface contours and fractures
• Examined with Liquid Penetrant Testing (LPT) or by Magnetic Particle Inspection (MPI) to
locate cracks and flaws exposed to the surface.
Surface preparation for replication, using The area of interest can then be prepared with specially designed mechanical polishing
mechanical polishing tool
and/or electro-polishing equipment for:
• Microindentation hardness testing
• Microstructural examination with a field microscope (100X-400X)
• Real-time microstructural digital imaging to provide “instant” data for the client
• Replication for lab examination with a light optical microscope (LOM) up to 1,000X and, if
required, a study under a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) at magnifications in the range
Preparation of selected areas on a large 1,000X-5,000X
vessel
• Spectrographic analysis of metal or corrosion product extracted on the replica surface
In combination with ultrasonic or eddy-current testing, LPT or MPI data, one or more
of the FSM capabilities can provide:
• Confirmation of surface defect indications, and identification of crack type
• Information to aid in selection of repair options
Uncoated replica under examination of
the LOM
• Confirmation of soundness and quality of repair.
PRODUCT EVALUATION SYSTEMS, INC.
637 Donohoe Road | Latrobe, PA 15650 | PHONE (724) 834-8848 | FAX (724) 834-9151
ISO 17025
www.ProductEvaluationSystems.com
FIELD SURVEILLANCE METALLOGRAPHY
The advantages of FSM are that it is a powerful technique in its own right, and it can
become an important contributor to a complete diagnostic analysis in combination
with other standard NDE methods.
FSM involves grinding and polishing areas of interest. Etchants for revealing
Typical gold-coated acetate replica mounted microstructure are carefully selected and applied to conform to OSHA and client
on a glass slide. Note excellent flatness.
stipulations. The areas examined are mapped in an organized manner. On-site digital
photography complements data acquired in the lab from replicas made on the prepared
areas. When required, a portable microindentation hardness unit (TIV) can be
employed for surveys.
PES has developed a replication technique that produces a flawless, virtually flat replica
taken from a planar or curved surface at any orientation. Replicas are usually coated
Replica microstructure: Weld HAZ with gold for better contrast in the LOM. This coating also facilitates examination in
the SEM when higher magnification is needed, or when identification of extracted
particles is required.
Microstructures are also photographed in situ with a field microscope coupled to a
digital camera system. The camera incorporates a micron marker scale for accurate
determination of image magnification. Other quantitative image analysis (e.g., grain
size measurement, inclusion distribution) or image enhancement and montage
Replica microstructure: Weld Metal
generation capabilities can be applied to replica micrographs in the laboratory with
the aid of the PAX-it!™ image analysis system.
Tools for remote metallography in radioactive and other hostile environments have
been successfully operated; underwater operation is not beyond present-day capabilities.
We invite you to challenge us with your unique FSM need!
Replica microstructure: Steel Plate
100 µm
Field Microscope image: Weld HAZ
50 µm
Field Microscope image: Steel plate
PRODUCT EVALUATION SYSTEMS, INC.
637 Donohoe Road | Latrobe, PA 15650 | PHONE (724) 834-8848 | FAX (724) 834-9151
ISO 17025
www.ProductEvaluationSystems.com
WHEN YOU REQUIRE A RAPID RESPONSE, WHETHER YOUR
NEED IS LARGE OR SMALL, PES IS THE COMPANY TO CALL!
PRODUCT EVALUATION SYSTEMS, INC.
637 Donohoe Road
P.O. Box 722
Latrobe, PA 15650
PHONE (724) 834-8848
FAX (724) 834-9151
www.ProductEvaluationSystems.com
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