CSIRO Lab-on-a-chip Technologies

							 CSIRO Lab-on-a-chip Technologies

Dr Yonggang Zhu
CSIRO Manufacturing and Materials Technology
PO Box 56, Highett VIC 3190
Yonggang.zhu@csiro.au   03 92526048

                                               www.csiro.au
  Introduction


1 Introduction to Microfluidics/Lab-on-a-chip
2 CSIRO Microfluidics Laboratory
3 Current Development
4 Future
   What is Lab-on-a-chip?
Microfluidics
  Fluidic components for handling and manipulation of minute
 amounts of fluids; volumes thousands of times smaller than a
 common droplet (microliters, nanoliters, picoliters or femtoliters)
 Interfaces between biotechnology, medical industry, chemistry
 and MEMS (micro-electro-mechanical systems).

Lab-on-a-chip
  Technology that integrates a microfluidic system on a microscale
 chip. The chips are made of silicon, glass or polymers.
  The 'laboratory' is created by means of channels, mixers,
 reservoirs, diffusion chambers, integrated electrodes, pumps,
 valves and more.
    A typical Lab-on-a-chip system

 Sample extraction
                                                                 Micro processor
                                       Sensor                   signal processing




    Micro fluidic platform   Separation, mixing, flow control              Data output


A typical system
   Micro fluidic device for pre-processing the sample, including mixing,
   separation and flow control
   A micro-engineered sensor device that detects the agent of interest
   A system for controlling the micro fluidic device and read-out of
   sensor
   Complete lab over a square centimeter can be created
   Why Lab-on-a-Chip?




                                   Results may take days/weeks!!!


Faster Analysis: High surface area/volume   more efficient heat &
mass transfer
High sensitivity: Small volume
Low Costs: disposable, mass production
Compact device: field deployable
  New Challenges

At small scales, different forces/flow regions
     dominate the fluid flow
     new phenomena and new physics

  • Laminar flow, no turbulent mixing

  • Pumping

  • Values

  • Surface property

  • Fabrication

  • Materials

  • Interface to macro-world
                                        50 microns
      CSIRO Microfluidics Laboratory
• CSIRO Microfluidics Laboratory set up 5 years ago in response to
the emerging needs
• Multidisciplinary experts: thermal/fluid sciences, surface chemistry,
material science, microbiology, microfabrication, electrical
engineering, sensors, signal analysis

• Part of micro analysis system team

• Both strategic and commercial projects for developing new
technology and products
• Close partnerships with universities (UniMelb, ANU, Swinburne,
Deakin) and industries and government agencies (e.g. Federal Police,
PM&C/NSST, Customs, DSTO)
    Science & Technology Vision

VISION:
    To understand the physics of fluid flow in micro-geometries and
    its manipulation
    Lab-on-a-chip devices that allow high sensitivity (single molecule
    level) biological/chemical detection
Current activities:
    On-chip mixing, separation, sensing
    New high throughput nanoreactors for protein synthesis and
    evolution
        CSIRO Lab-on-a-chip Technologies -1
 Micro-mixing Technologies

Utilising forces acting on fluids due
to electrical field and acoustic field



                               100 micron
                               channel




 sample-reagent mixing
 (days/hours  sub-minute)                   4 mm chamber
      CSIRO Lab-on-a-chip Technologies -2
Microfluidic chip technology




             Sample            Sensor   35x70 microns
                                        channel

                                                      46


On-chip                                               44



molecule                                              42




                                             A.F.U.
                                                      40

separation                                            38


                                                      36
                                                        0   2   4       6    8   10
                                                                Time (sec)
      CSIRO Lab-on-a-chip Technologies-3
Microchip based in vitro compartmentalisation technologies


                                Oil
                       Biologists need high throughput technology
                       for protein (e.g. enzyme) synthesis, ideally
                       106~108 reactions per day! Droplets can be
                       used     nanoreactors to achieve the goal
                       Wateras Oil

                        Channel size: 100 μm,
                        Drop size 50 microns (< 5% error)




Conventional
technique         20
                  u
                  m
     CSIRO Lab-on-a-chip Technologies -4
Sensor Technologies – Chem-/Biosensing using optical and
electrical methods
                                                       Microfluidic
                                                       module
                        Embedded
                        Microcontroller




                                          Funded by Department of
                                          Prime Minister and Cabinet
                                          /NSST + two agencies
       Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensor
 Bio-sensor prototype
     Hand-held battery powered unit, menu driven control
     Internal read-out or can be connected to a laptop for data display
     Sensitivity – detection of mass binding to about 20 picograms
     Demonstrated detection of avian influenza proteins


                               Sample port




LCD read out
Manufacturing & Materials Technology
Name    Dr. Yonggang Zhu
Title   Project Leader for Microfluidics
Phone   +61 3 92526048
Email   yonggang.zhu@csiro.au
Web     www.csiro.au




Thank You

Contact CSIRO
Phone     1300 363 400
          +61 3 9545 2176
Email     enquiries@csiro.au
Web       www.csiro.au
                                           www.csiro.au