How to build your own Home/Small Business Network
Earl King, CiNPA Member earlking@compuserve.com
http://www.cinpa.org/
Why Network ?
Audience Participation
Why Network ?
Speed -Ethernet versus sneakernet Ease of Use, SimplicityOnce Set Up, Easy To Share
Share
Why Network ?
Co$t Savings
Hardware- Hard disk, CD-Writer, Zip Drive.
Software-Share Dictionary, Encyclopedia -check license Printers
Internet- Ready for DSL, Cable Modem, Modem, Share Internet Connection, On One Account. Multi-computer Games
Play Music/Video from PC on TV & Stereo
Agenda
Items
Physical Network Layout Wiring Issues - UTP Hardware and Software Requirements Hardware Planning/Issues Hardware Installation Operating System Configuration
Maintain Network
Security Issues Alternatives
STAR Network Layout
Router
Firewall
ISP Internet
Optical drive Pizza Box
Tower
10BASE-T wall plate
Hub
Laptop computer Laser printer 10BASE-T wall plate
Wiring Issues - UTP (10baseT)
Unshielded Twisted Pair (10/100BaseT) Interference from Electrical wiring (16 inches),
Flourescent lighting ballasts (3 feet), and UPSes (2 feet) "Star" configuration Requires a "Hub" at the center of the "Star" Add/Remove machines at will - no danger to network
Thinnet
10BaseT
Category Ratings for Wire
10/100BaseT Category What It's Used For --------------------------------------------------6,7 Gigabit Ethernet 5 Fast Ethernet (100BaseT and everything below) 4 Networks other than Ethernet 3 10Mbps 10BaseT 2 Alarms, telephone voice lines 1 Unknown (not rated for anything specific)
Hardware Planning/Issues
Use PCI (32-bit) cards whenever
possible (white slots on motherboard) ISA (16-bit) limitations-10Mbps ONLY! Requires set jumpers or run config prog. Buy 10/100 Ethernet cards (PCI only) NE2000 compatible Use CAT5 certified wiring only Wire properly, using T568B standards Buy 4 to 8-port (for starting out) hub
T568B Wiring Standard
A Category 5 cable has 8 thin, color-coded wires inside that run from one end of the cable to the other. Only wires 1, 2, 3, and 6 are used by Ethernet networks. In a straight-through cable, wires 1, 2, 3, and 6 at one end of the cable are also wires 1, 2, 3, and 6 at the other end. To figure out which wire is number 1, hold the cable so that the clear plastic RJ45 connector gold contacts are facing up and the locking clip is hidden by the connector. When looking down on the copper contacts, wire 1 will be on the far left.
1
8
T568B Wiring Color Chart
Pin 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Wire Color Orange/White Orange Green/White Blue Blue/White Green Brown/White Brown Use TD+ TDRD+ unused unused RDunused unused
PHONE
RJ45
Wiring Tips and Tricks
Run wire under baseboards. Drill holes into next room Inside walls, run 2nd wire
Hardware Installation
Installing the card, touch unpainted case,
static Plug-n-Play cards (PCI) -E-A-S-Y
Operating System Configuration
Windows (All) OS/2 Warp Linux Others
Workgroup Configuration - Win98
Workgroup Details
Computer Name-
each PC must have unique name
Workgroup-
all same Workgroup
Description- anything
IPX/SPX Protocol Issue
Ethernet 802.2 is the most stable protocol. Auto doesn’t work across all computers all the time.
File and Print Sharing
Security Issues
Sharing Hard Drives/Only Certain Directories, Read Only, Don’t Share Windows Directory. CD-ROMs Share Printers Internet Connection Fax/Modem Home environment Small Business Environment Security Levels User-ids and passwords Windows Resource Kits/Administration
Sharing
C:\My Documents
Access Controls
If You Have Windows XP
If You Have Windows XP (cont.)
See http://www.practicallynetworked.com/sharing/xp/addxp.htm or http://www.microsoft.com/windowsxp/home/using/howto/homenet /default.asp
The computer connected directly to the Modem will be the Internet Connection Sharing Host computer. Run the network setup wizard on the ICS Host first, then the other computers. Give each computer a unique name WinXP will automatically make the workgroup name MSHOME. You can change it but it must be the same on all computers. Share your folders, printers, but not the Windows directory
Maintenance/Expansion
Virus Scanners -Really, Really Need Backing Up your Network Adding Stations Monitoring Internet Access Support-you are your own support, get Windows
Resource Kit-Network tools ie. Policy Editor to turn things off, kids can’t break it.
Can’t Run Wires, What Can I Do?
Wireless: •802.11b 2.4 GHz, 1 Mbps to 11 Mbps, walls and distance degrade speed Cost $50+ Wireless Access Point and $50+ Wireless Card for EACH PC 2.4 GHz cordless phone may interfere •802.11g 2.4 GHz up to 54 Mbps Cost $80 WAP, Same for Each PC Can mix wired and wireless •Possible SECURITY issues •Different Brands, Different Performance
Can’t Run Wires, What Can I Do? (cont.)
•Phone Line Network: (Use Analog Modem Only!) Network shares existing Phone Line to connect computers Cost: $<30 per PC Speed: 1 Mbps to 11 Mbps See http://www.homepcnetwork.com/ see hardware and www.homepna.org “HomePNA” is a standard ! http://www.linksys.com/products/ then to wired and phoneline •Power Line Network: “HomePlug”, another standard ! Uses power line to connect. www.homeplug.org Coexists with X-10 technology Netgear, Linksys, D-Link and Siemens April 2003 Computer Shopper page 69, recommends all PCs on network use same brand.
Phone Line Network
ISP Internet
Modem
Phoneline
Phoneline
Pizza Box
in e
Telephone
Ph on el
Tower
COMPARISON
Ethernet Cost on Sale Install <$60 Wireless $100 Phoneline $60 Powerline $70
NIC / USB Adapter Interference Low 120V line Notes: Run Wires
NIC / USB Adapter Cordless Phone Speed vs Distance
NIC / USB Adapter Low
NIC / USB Adapter Motors ?
Use Same Brand
All the above work with DSL, Cable or V.90 Modem Simultaneous Users Requires Only One ISP Account
Thank You!
Cincinnati Network Professional Association http://www.cinpa.org/ email: officers@cinpa.org
Next:
How to Connect your Network to the Internet
Internet Connection Sharing 1
Before You Start, make sure: Each of your PCs is accessible via the network
All shared devices work as desired
Internet Connection Sharing 2
What you will need: MS Windows 98 SE or later on PC connecting to ISP Account with ISP IE 5.0 or greater with Outlook Express to access account Network connection for each computer 10/100BaseT NIC card OR Wireless card OR Phone-line network card or device (USB) Hub if you use 10/100BaseT TCP/IP drivers for each computer Connection to ISP: Data/Fax Modem, ISDN Modem, or DSL Modem Necessary cables
Internet Connection Sharing 3
In the Add/Remove Programs Properties dialog box, click the Windows Setup tab. In the Components window, select Internet Tools, and then click the Details button. In the Details window, place a check in the box next to Internet Connection Sharing, and click OK. Follow the instructions in the Internet Connection Sharing Wizard.
Internet Connection Sharing 4
Setup of other computers: Make sure all other computers Internet Apps say Use Existing Connection (LAN) not Dialup.
Configuring a BroadBand Connection 1
Configuring a BroadBand Connection 2