Speeding Who When Where

Speeding: Who, When, Where Richard P. Compton Director Office of Research and Technology National Highway Traffic Safety Administration June 15, 2005 Office of Research and Technology National Forum on Speeding June 15 - 16, 2005 1 Overview and Data Sources Speeding-Related Fatal Crashes ♦ Data: FARS 1983-2003 ♦ Analyses: Self-Reported Attitudes and Behaviors ♦ Data: NHTSA Survey 2002 Office of Research and Technology • Number, Percent, Rates • Where, When, Who National Forum on Speeding June 15 - 16, 2005 2 Definition NHTSA considers a crash to be speeding-related if: ♦ Driver charged with a speeding-related offense, or ♦ Officer indicated that racing, driving too fast for conditions, or exceeding the posted speed was a contributing factor in the crash Office of Research and Technology National Forum on Speeding June 15 - 16, 2005 3 Facts Speeding is one of the most prevalent contributing factors to traffic crashes 12% of all Reported Crashes (2003) 31% of all Fatal Crashes (2003) 13,380 lives lost in speeding-related crashes (2003) $40.4 Billion per Year Office of Research and Technology National Forum on Speeding June 15 - 16, 2005 4 Speeding-Related Fatalities (1983-2003) 18000 Speeding-Related 16000 14000 Fatalities 12000 10000 8000 6000 4000 2000 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 0 Source: FARS Final 1983 – 2002, 2003 ARF Office of Research and Technology National Forum on Speeding June 15 - 16, 2005 5 Speeding-Related Fatalities as Percent of Total Fatalities (1983-2003) Percent of Total Fatalities 40% 35% 30% 25% 20% 15% 10% 5% 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Source: FARS 1983 – 2003 Office of Research and Technology 0% National Forum on Speeding June 15 - 16, 2005 6 Fatal Crashes by Speeding Status (1983 – 2003) 30,000 Fatal Crashes 25,000 20,000 15,000 10,000 5,000 0 Speeding Not Speeding 1983 1985 1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 Year FARS 1993- 2003 2003 Office of Research and Technology National Forum on Speeding June 15 - 16, 2005 7 Speeding-Related Fatalities by Roadway Type (2003) 6000 5000 Fatalities 4000 3000 2000 1000 0 Interstate Arterial Collector Local Source: FARS 2003 Roadway Type Office of Research and Technology National Forum on Speeding June 15 - 16, 2005 8 Speeding Fatality Rate by Roadway Type (2003) 1 (per 100M VMT) Fatality Rate 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 Interstate Arterial Collector Local Source: FARS 2003 Roadway Type Office of Research and Technology National Forum on Speeding June 15 - 16, 2005 9 Speeding Drivers in Fatal Crashes by Age and Gender (2003) 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 Females Males Percent S p e e d in g 15-20 21-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65-74 75+ Age Group (Years) Office of Research and Technology Source: FARS 2003 National Forum on Speeding June 15 - 16, 2005 10 Percentage of Speeding Drivers by BAC Level (2003) 50 40 Percent 30 20 10 0 0 0.01-0.07 BAC Level Office of Research and Technology 0.08+ Source: FARS 2003 National Forum on Speeding June 15 - 16, 2005 11 Percent BAC 0.08+ by Speeding and Age (2003) 60 50 Percent 40 30 20 10 Nonspeeding Nonspeeding Speeding Speeding 0 21-24 <21 21-24 <21 Source: FARS 2003 Office of Research and Technology National Forum on Speeding June 15 - 16, 2005 12 Drivers Alcohol Involvement, Speeding Status and Time of Day (2003) 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Speeding Not Speeding 6-9 am 9-12 am 12-3 pm 3-6 pm 6-9 pm 9-12 pm 12-3 am 3-6 am Source: FARS 2003 Office of Research and Technology National Forum on Speeding June 15 - 16, 2005 13 Percent Restraint Use by Speeding and Age (2003) 80 70 Percent 60 50 40 30 Nonspeeding Nonspeeding Speeding Speeding 20 <21 21+ <21 21+ Source: FARS 2003 Office of Research and Technology National Forum on Speeding June 15 - 16, 2005 14 Percentage of Speeding Drivers by Roadway Alignment (2003) 100 80 Percent 60 40 20 0 Straight Curve Source: FARS 2003 Speeding Nonspeeding Roadway Alignment Office of Research and Technology National Forum on Speeding June 15 - 16, 2005 15 Speeding-Related Fatalities by Day of Week (2003) 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0 Fatalities Wednesday Thursday Tuesday Monday Friday Day of Week Office of Research and Technology Saturday Sunday Source: FARS 2003 National Forum on Speeding June 15 - 16, 2005 16 Percentage of Speeding Drivers by Day of Week (2003) 50 40 Percent 30 20 10 0 Weekday Weekend Source: FARS 2003 35 28 Day of Week Office of Research and Technology National Forum on Speeding June 15 - 16, 2005 17 Percent Speeding Drivers by Time of Day (2003) 50 40 Percent 30 20 10 0 6-9 am 9-12 am 12-3 pm 3-6 pm 6-9 pm 9-12 pm 12-3 am 3-6 am Source: FARS 2003 Office of Research and Technology National Forum on Speeding June 15 - 16, 2005 18 Percent Speeding by Vehicle Type (2003) 50 40 Percent 30 20 10 Motorcycles Trucks Passenger Cars Trucks Source: FARS 2003 0 Large Light Office of Research and Technology National Forum on Speeding June 15 - 16, 2005 19 Trend in Percent Speeding by Vehicle Type (1983-2003) 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 1980 S o u rc e : F A R S 1 9 8 3 -2 0 0 3 Office of Research and Technology P assenger C a rs SUVs P ic k u p s Vans L a rg e T ru c k s M o to rc y c le s 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 Year National Forum on Speeding June 15 - 16, 2005 20 Percent Speeding by Roadway Conditions (2003) 70 60 Percent 50 40 30 20 Roads Roads Snow or Slush Roads 10 Wet Dry Icy Source: FARS 2003 Office of Research and Technology National Forum on Speeding June 15 - 16, 2005 21 Speeding-Related Fatalities by Speed Limit (2003) 7100 6100 Fatalities 5100 4100 3100 2100 1100 and Below 55 mph Above 65 50 mph 60-65 100 mph Source: FARS 2003 Office of Research and Technology National Forum on Speeding June 15 - 16, 2005 22 Public Attitudes and Behaviors Regarding Speeding NHTSA conducted a study of the driving public’s attitudes and behaviors regarding speeding ♦ 1997 ♦ 2002 Characteristics of drivers who speed and commit other unsafe driving actions Office of Research and Technology National Forum on Speeding June 15 - 16, 2005 23 Purpose Obtain public views on unsafe driving actions Covered attitudes toward speeding, unsafe and aggressive driving Conditions associated with speeding and unsafe driving Support for various different types of countermeasures Office of Research and Technology National Forum on Speeding June 15 - 16, 2005 24 Approach Nationally representative telephone survey 4,010 drivers 16 years old and older February 4 – April 14, 2002 Office of Research and Technology National Forum on Speeding June 15 - 16, 2005 25 Self-Reported Speeding Behavior by Roadway Type QUESTION: When was the last time you drove over the speed limit on a: Multi-lane interstate highway Two-lane road City,town or neighborhood street Non-interstate multi-lane road RESPONSE: - Today - With past month - Never - Within past week - Within past year National Forum on Speeding June 15 - 16, 2005 Office of Research and Technology 26 Self-Reported Speeding Behavior by Roadway Type 100 80 P e r ce n t 60 40 20 I n te r s ta te T w o - la n e Road U r b a n /R e s M ultiLane Road Source: National Survey 2002 Past Month Today 0 Office of Research and Technology National Forum on Speeding June 15 - 16, 2005 27 Frequency and Type of SelfReported Speeding Behavior QUESTION: How often do you: - Drive 10 mph over the posted limit on an multilane interstate highway? - Drive 20 mph over the posted limit on an multilane interstate highway? - Drive 10 mph faster than most other vehicles? - Drive 20 mph faster than most other vehicles? - Often - Occasionally - Never - Sometimes - Rarely National Forum on Speeding June 15 - 16, 2005 RESPONSE: Office of Research and Technology 28 Frequency of Speeding Behaviors 60 50 Percent 40 30 20 10 0 22 29 12% 51% 34% Sometimes Often 24 10 10% 8 4 8 2 Drive 20 mph other vehicles Source: National Survey 2002 Drive 10 mph Drive 20mph over Drive 10 mph on interstate limit on interstate other vehicles over posted limit posted speed faster than mostfaster than most Office of Research and Technology National Forum on Speeding June 15 - 16, 2005 29 Frequency of Speeding Behaviors by Gender 70 60 Percent 50 40 30 20 10 0 14 10 54 48 36 32 13 8 Male Female Drive 10 mphover Drive 20 mph posted limit on interstate over psoted speed limit on interstate Drive 10 mph other vehicles Drive 20 mph other vehicles Source: National Survey 2002 faster than mostfaster than most Office of Research and Technology National Forum on Speeding June 15 - 16, 2005 30 Frequency of Speeding Behaviors by Age 70 60 50 Percent 40 30 20 10 0 36 16-20 47 34 30 19 29 16 12 10 21-29 30-45 46-64 65+ 4 Drive 10 mph faster than most other Drive 20 mph faster than most other vehicles vehicles Source: National Survey 2002 Office of Research and Technology National Forum on Speeding June 15 - 16, 2005 31 Frequency of Speeding Behaviors by Age 100 80 Percent 60 40 20 0 29 16 12 10 4 on interstate Source: National Survey 2002 Office of Research and Technology 16-20 21-29 30-45 46-64 65+ 62 64 55 46 32 Drive 20 mph over posted speed limit Drive 10 mph over posted speed limit on interstate National Forum on Speeding June 15 - 16, 2005 32 Threat of Others Speeding by Gender QUESTION: In your opinion, how much of a threat is it to the personal safety of you and your family if other drivers are speeding? RRESPONSES: - Major threat - No threat Office of Research and Technology - Minor threat National Forum on Speeding June 15 - 16, 2005 33 Threat of Others Speeding by Gender Minor Threat Major Threat 100% 80% Percent 60% 40% 20% 0% 98% 97% 98% 68% 60% 75% 30% Total 37% Male 23% Female Source: National Survey 2002 Office of Research and Technology National Forum on Speeding June 15 - 16, 2005 34 Threat of Others Speeding by Age Minor Threat Major Threat 120% 100% Percent 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 98% 97% 98% 98% 98% 48% 56% 65% 74% 86% 50% 47% 33% 30-45 24% 46-64 13% 65+ Source: National Survey 2002 16-20 21-29 Office of Research and Technology National Forum on Speeding June 15 - 16, 2005 35 Summary Speeding-Related Fatal Crashes: Roadway Type: ♦ Arterial, Collector, Local Roadway Alignment: ♦ Curves Age: ♦ Young Office of Research and Technology National Forum on Speeding June 15 - 16, 2005 36 Summary Gender: ♦ Male Alcohol: ♦ Increases with BAC ♦ Young males ♦ Late night Restraint Use: ♦ Low Office of Research and Technology National Forum on Speeding June 15 - 16, 2005 37 Summary Day of Week: ♦ Weekends Time of Day: ♦ Late night Vehicle Type: ♦ Motorcycles ♦ Passenger cars Office of Research and Technology National Forum on Speeding June 15 - 16, 2005 38 Summary Speed Limit: ♦ 50 mph and below Roadway Conditions: ♦ Icy, snow/slush, wet Office of Research and Technology National Forum on Speeding June 15 - 16, 2005 39 Questions? Office of Research and Technology National Forum on Speeding June 15 - 16, 2005 40