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Implementation of ICDS
A Presentation
By
Sr. Sheeba Jose
Objectives
The Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) Scheme
was launched in 1975 with the following objectives:
• To improve the nutritional and health status of children in the age-
group 0-6 years;
• To lay the foundation for proper psychological, physical and social
development of the child;
• To reduce the incidence of mortality, morbidity, malnutrition and
school dropout;
• To achieve effective co-ordination of policy and implementation
amongst the various departments to promote child development; and
• To enhance the capability of the mother to look after the normal
health and nutritional needs of the child through proper nutrition
and health education.
These objectives are sought to be achieved through
a package of services comprising :
i. Supplementary Nutrition
ii. Immunization
iii. Health Check-up
iv. Referral Services
v. Pre-school Non-formal Education
vi. Nutrition and Health Education
ICDS Beneficiaries :
• Children below six years
• Expectant and Nursing Mothers
• Adolescent girls
• Women in the age group 15-45 years
Financial Norms
Cost of supplementary nutrition
S. No. Category Pre-revised Rates Revised Rates (per
beneficiary per day)
1 Children (6-72 months) Rs. 2.00 Rs. 4.00
2 Severely Malnourished Children Rs. 2.70 Rs. 6.00
(6-72 months)
3 Pregnant Women and Nursing Rs. 2.30 Rs. 5.00
Mothers
Revised cost of supplementary nutrition by GOI, Ministry Letter no.
F.No. 4-2/2008-CD.II dated 07.11.08
Nutritional Norms
Revised
Pre-revised
(per beneficiary per day)
S. No. Category
Calories Protein Calories Protein
(K Cal) (g) (K Cal) (g)
1 Children (6-72 months) 300 8-10 500 12-15
Severely Malnourished
2 600 20 800 20-25
Children (6-72)
Pregnant Women and
3 500 15-20 600 18-20
Nursing Mothers
Revised by GOI, vide Letter no. F. No. 5-9/2005-ND-Tech Vol. II dated
24.2.2009
Supplementary Nutrition
For the children, State/ UTs have been requested to
make arrangements to serve Hot Cooked Meal in
AWCs under the ICDS Scheme. Since a child is
not capable of consuming a meal of 500 calories in
one sitting, the States/ UTs are advised to
consider serving more than one meal to the
children who come to AWCs. Since the process of
cooking and serving hot cooked meal takes time,
and in most of the cases, the food is served
around noon, States/ UTs may provide 500
calories over more than one meal. States/ UTs
may arrange to provide a morning snack in the
form of milk/banana/egg/seasonal fruits/
micronutrient fortified food etc.
Statement showing release of funds for
Supplementary Nutrition during the year 2009-10
(Rs. in Lakh)
S. No. State/UT Released 2009-10 (As on 31.08.09)
1 Andhra Pradesh 16358.96
2 Bihar 15045.88
3 Chhattisgarh 3655.72
4 Goa 177.24
5 Gujarat 4225.03
6 Haryana 2104.88
7 Himachal Pradesh 825.53
8 Jammu & Kashmir 1671.09
9 Jharkhand 8743.26
10 Karnataka 6536.83
11 Kerala 2226.66
12 Madhya Pradesh 10415.13
13 Maharashtra 20350.12
14 Orissa 6944.75
15 Punjab 1748.03
16 Rajasthan 5397.06
17 Tamil Nadu 3000.03
18 Uttar Pradesh 34423.71
19 Uttarakhand 740.47
20 West Bengal 8235.87
21 A & N Islands 112.50
22 Chandigarh 193.78
23 Dadra & N Haveli 91.58
24 Daman & Diu 50.37
25 Lakshadweep 42.87
26 Delhi 2147.30
27 Pondicherry 139.91
28 Arunachal Pradesh 856.32
29 Assam 17660.74
30 Manipur 1477.61
31 Meghalaya 1745.42
32 Mizoram 1489.95
33 Nagaland 1373.26
34 Sikkim 443.78
35 Tripura 1350.12
Total 182001.76
STATEMENT SHOWING STATE-WISE POSITION OF FUNDS RELEASED
AND EXPENDITURE REPORTED UNDER ICDS SCHEME
(GENERAL) DURING YEAR 2006-07 TO 2009-10 (upto 12.11.2009)
2008-09 2009-10
S. No. STATE Funds released Exp. Reported by States Funds released
1 ANDHRA PRADESH 27163.56 47238.14 11850.94
2 BIHAR 17508.23 20764.15 14340.74
3 CHHATTISGARH 8992.46 12051.94 6759.26
4 GOA 406.56 * 405.46
5 GUJARAT 16491.86 15596.07 11859.55
6 HARYANA 8455.60 8798.38 4048.92
7 HIMACHAL PRADESH 8232.21 * 2860.09
8 JAMMU & KASHMIR 4557.80 8529.92 3571.37
9 JHARKHAND 9776.60 9851.86 8399.17
10 KARNATAKA 19473.26 22474.61 13916.94
11 KERALA 15020.66 13726.91 5169.82
12 MADHYA PRADESH 29168.81 24141.32 10938.04
13 MAHARASHTRA 31996.55 * 13249.45
14 ORISSA 16934.58 18081.79 6613.00
15 PUNJAB 9125.15 8709.66 3723.57
16 RAJASTHAN 19486.76 20226.22 15229.74
17 TAMIL NADU 18163.08 17203.97 8846.11
18 UTTARAKHAND 4627.72 3259.16 1633.50
19 UTTAR PRADESH 54349.16 48226.21 34659.17
20 WEST BENGAL 33616.96 33083.08 19100.28
21 DELHI 3885.71 3246.06 1141.26
22 PONDICHERRY 332.37 254.44 222.47
23 ANDAMAN & NICOBAR 299.10 296.05 238.66
24 CHANDIGARH 250.94 232.44 167.92
25 D. & NAGAR HAVELI 85.87 88.89 102.74
26 DAMAN & DIU 58.81 58.48 43.63
*
27 LAKSHADWEEP 62.87 31.03
28 LIC 670.36 * 691.8
28 ARUNACHAL PRADESH 3395.68 2741.45 1171.10
19677.98
29 ASSAM 26033.82 9703.08
2966.4
30 MANIPUR 2888.69 1243.81
31 MEGHALAYA 1817.13 1586.44 677.54
32 MIZORAM 1603.55 1612.93 677.88
33 NAGALAND 2527.14 2504.40 742.33
*
34 SIKKIM 884.29 796.19
35 TRIPURA 2975.26 2808.10 774.43
Total 401319.16 370037.45 215600.99
* Yet to be reported
Honorarium for AWW/ AWH
• Anganwadi Workers (AWWs) & Anganwadi Helpers (AWHs), being
honorary workers, are paid a monthly honoraria as decided by the
Government from time to time. Government of India has enhanced the
honoraria of these Workers, w.e.f. 1.4.2008 by Rs.500 above the last
honorarium drawn by Anganwadi Workers (AWWs) and by Rs.250 of the
last honorarium drawn by Helpers of AWCs and Workers of Mini-AWCs.
Prior to enhancement, AWWs were being paid a monthly honoraria
ranging from Rs. 938/ to Rs. 1063/- per month depending on their
educational qualifications and experience. Similarly, AWHs were being
paid monthly honoraria of Rs. 500/-
• In addition to the honoraria paid by the Government of India, many
States/UTs are also giving monetary incentives to these workers out of
their own resources for additional functions assigned under other
Schemes.
STATEMENT INDICATING STATE WISE INFORMATION
REGARDING ADDL.HONORARIUM TO AWWS/AWHS
S.No. Name of State/UT Addl Honorarium to WWs Addl Honorarium to WHs
1 GOA 1752-3200* 1000-1600#
2 HARYANA 200 100
3 HIMACHAL PRADESH 200 100
4 J&K 245-280 140
5 KARNATAKA 550 275
6 KERALA 400 400
7 MAHARASHTRA 400 240
8 SIKKIM 750 450
9 PUNJAB 400 200
10 TAMIL NADU 807 600
11 TRIPURA 780 575
12 WEST BENGAL 400 400
13 DELHI 500 200
14 PONDICHERRY 460 400
15 A & N ISLAND 500 240
16 CHANDIGARH 400 300
17 LAKSHADWEEP 500 200
18 JHARKHAND 250 100
19 D& N HAVELI 500 300
20 DAMAN & DIU 500 300
21 GUJARAT Nil Nil
22 ORISSA Nil Nil
23 CHHATTISGARH Nil Nil
24 ANDHRA PRADESH 400 200
25 UTTARANCHAL 1500 750
26 UTTAR PRADESH 200 100
Present Scenario of AWCs in
UP
A Case Study of Allahabad Slum
Sahyog conducted a field survey in the slums of
Allahabad to analyze the present scenario of the
functioning of Aanganwadi services.
ICDS is basically a community based programme,
therefore, apart from what the Anganwadi workers
and helpers have informed about their centers, it is
equally important to ascertain the perception of
community in order to understand the functioning of
the Anganwadi centers in its right perspective.
Therefore, 58 AWC were randomly selected to get an
overview of functioning of the scheme. The same
number of related communities of the same areas (a
group of people comprising of pregnant and lactating
women, children of 5-6 yrs age group, parents of
children, adolescent girls) were also interviewed.
Main findings of the survey
Anganwadi Center at a Glance
• Out of total 58 selected anganwadi
centers 12 (i.e. 21 per cent) were
found close on the day of the survey.
• Only at the 60 per cent of the centers
the AWW (Anganwadi Workers)
were present while rest of all the
centers were running by the AWH
(Anganwadi Helpers).
• During the day of the survey 20 per
cent of the centers were found
where the children were not present
while at the 80 per cent of the
centers the number of children was
very less or sometimes almost
insignificant (one or two).
• An anganwadi is expected to run
for 4 ½ hours but majority (45 per
cent) of the centers is working for
only 2 hours. None of the AWC was
found that works for more than 3 ½
hours a day.
• At approximate 31 per cent of the
centers, they failed to present any
kind of properly maintained
documents as everything was
maintained by the Anganwadi
workers at home who rarely visit
the centers.
The expired Medicine • At the most of the centers the
• A very significant proportion of the number of children present in the
centers (36 per cent) were not having the register are always more than the
medical kit while at the 6 per cent number of children actually
centers the medicines were found present at the centre.
expired. Usually the medicines were
found unused.
• Only 24 per cent AWC have toilet
facility at the center for the children. Blank Food-stock Register
• According to Supreme Court guidelines
every AWC has to weigh children once
in a month but only 7 per cent AWC
were found where the weighing
machine was functioning properly.
Blank Immunization Register
• In 40 per cent surveyed areas they never get any kind of benefits except
sometime a very meager amount of Panjiri (also called Poshit aahar).
• According to Supreme Court guidelines every AWC has to organize periodically
mothers’ meeting (expectant and lactating mothers), community mobilization
especially of mothers and adolescent girls but none of the center organizes such
activities.
• None of the respondent reported of any of the adolescent girls that have got
benefit from any of the Anganwadi schemes.
• A very significant proportion of the community (42 per cent) informed that the
pregnant and lactating women never get benefited in terms of vaccination and
counseling through the related AWC.
• Majority (66 per cent) of the surveyed parents/ guardians reported that the
AWW never conduct any PSE activities.
• About 47 per cent surveyed areas,
people reported that the
distribution of food is very
irregular in the center.
• About 60 per cent of the community
surveyed reported that children get
a very small quantity of panjiri
which is insufficient for their diet.
• These centers most of the time
distribute only panjiri while a very
small proportion of the community
informed that few centers sometimes
also give khichri and halwa.
• 64 per cent of beneficiaries rated the
quality of food given by AWC is poor
while only 36 per cent rated it of
average quality.
• The food, in general, was found rotten,
infected with worms and fungus.
Public Hearing on ICDS
Malfunctioning of ICDS Centers in Allahabad Slums
In order to initiated a debate on all these issues Sahyog organized
a public hearing at St. Joseph’s College ground on 15th of
December, 2009 at 12 noon. Affected residents of slums in the city
put forth their grievances regarding the mal-functioning of ICDS
programme in their respective areas before the ADM Civil
Supplies and CDPO, Allahabad.
People from the slum areas put forth their
complaints in the presence of ADM Civil Supplies
and CDPO regarding the mal-functioning of ICDS:
• Aanganwadi workers never come to the center.
• Irregular timing of the center.
• Food distribution is insufficient and very irregular; often it is
stopped for 2-3 months.
• Quality of supplementary food is inferior.
• Benefits to the adolescent girls, pregnant and lactating mothers
are improper.
• Anganwadi worker never visit the area.
• Visit of ANM for vaccination is erratic.
• Anganwadi centers never organize meetings of mothers and
adolescent girls.
Relief : Based on the primary survey and Public
Hearing we requested to grant the following relief :
• Implement the increased money (Rs. 4 per day per child,
etc.) in UP.
• Raise the honorarium of the teachers.
• Implement the Supreme Court Guidelines, 2006 to give
hot meal to the children.
• Grant better infrastructure to the ICDS centers.
