MIDWEST INTERCONNECTION WORKSHOP
Summary Overview: MADRI Model Small Generator Interconnection Procedures
Prepared by Brad Johnson* June 15, 2006 ACN Energy Ventures
bwjohnson@acninc.net *National Renewable Energy Laboratory Subcontractor
What is the Mid-Atlantic Distributed Resources Initiative (MADRI)?
• Five PJM jurisdictions • Regional approach to DR, DG, & Efficiency • Facilitated stakeholder process with open mtgs • Support from US DOE
– also EPA, FERC, PJM
• MADRI „working group‟ meets every 6-8 weeks
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MADRI Initiatives Include:
Advanced metering infrastructure Model regulatory structures to promote distributed energy resources (DER) Effort to enhance DER business case
‘AMI Toolkit’ for state regulators PUC briefings
Model dynamic pricing tariff (in progress) Model revenue stability mechanism (in progress) Mitigation of wholesale market price spikes Distribution system value of DER
Model Interconnection Procedures
For more info: www.energetics.com/madri/
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MADRI Interconnection Goals
• Develop standardized set of procedures for states to consider - not intended to be prescriptive • Ensure consistency with IEEE 1547 technical standards • Ensure participation from major stakeholders:
– PJM, state PUCs, state energy offices, NREL, DG providers & associations, utilities, NEMA were all active – Others participated occasionally, e.g. Chesapeake Bay Commission, Drexel University
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MADRI Model Procedures Based on FERC and NJ Rules
• NJ Interconnection Rules (October ‟04)
– Paved new ground for expedited review procedures – Introduced timelines for utility reviews – Integrated testing & certification requirements
• FERC Small Gen Rules (May ‟05)
– Culmination of multi-year national stakeholder process – Included a number of key aspects of the NJ rules – In spite of limited jurisdiction, rule represents broad consensus and is good blueprint for states
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MADRI Procedures Overview
• Four Categories of Review
Expedited – Level 1 <10kVA Inverter Based/Certified – Level 2 <2 MVA Inverter Based/Certified – Level 3A – DG Does Not Export Power – Level 3 – Up to 10 MVA
• Reference to PJM Small Generator Technical Requirements (IEEE 1547 Based) • Procedures to Connect to Area Networks • Criteria for Testing & Certification • Two Standard Interconnection Agreements
– 10 KVA and Less – > 10 KVA to 10 MVA
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MADRI Summary
General Interconnection Provisions…
• Applicability – 10MVA or less operating in parallel • Fees – “nominal” fee for <10kVA, cost based for rest • Technical Standard – “PJM Small Generator Technical
Requirements” (essentially IEEE 1547) • Isolation Device – must be readily accessible lockable, visible-break (or customer provides lockbox for utility access) • Multiple DG Units – interconnection request evaluated based on total aggregate capacity • Increase in Capacity for Existing System – new agreement based on total aggregate capacity
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MADRI Summary
Level 1 Procedures (What qualifies)
• • • •
<10kVA Inverter-based Certified interconnection equipment Does not connect to Area Network
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MADRI Summary
Level 1 Procedures (Technical Screens)
Level 1 Technical Screen
MADRI Section 4.3.1 4.3.2 Type of Facility Interconnecting To Radial feeder Spot Network Single phase shared secondary Center tap neutral of 240 volt service Capacity Restriction < 15% of Line Section Annual Peak < 5% of max load & < 50 kVA Other Requirements
4.3.3
< 20 kVA
4.3.4
Max of 20% imbalance No new construction allowed 9
4.3.5
New facilities
MADRI Summary
Level 1 Procedures (Timeline)
MADRI Level 1Timelines
Days
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Equipment Installation 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35
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EDC acknowledges receipt/completeness EDC evaluates installation/approves/Provides Agreement Construction/Inspection (COC)/Cust Signed Agreement Witness Test / Interconnection Finalized
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(Time Varies) 10
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MADRI Summary
Level 2 Procedures (What qualifies?)
• • • • •
<2 MVA Projects that fail Level 1 review Inverter-based Certified interconnection equipment Does not connect to Area Network
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MADRI Summary
Level 2 Procedures (Technical Screens)
Level 2 Technical Screen
MADRI Section 5.3.1 5.3.2 5.3.7 Where DG Facility Interconnects Radial feeder Spot Network Single phase shared secondary Center tap neutral of 240 volt service Any point on distribution system Capacity Restriction < 15% of Line Section Annual Peak < 5% of max load & < 50 kVA Other Requirements
< 20 kVA
5.3.8
Max of 20% imbalance Can not contribute to more than 10% of maximum Fault Current Can not exceed 90% of short circuit interupting capability of protection equipment Not allowed Total of all generation units in the area can not exceed 10 MVA
5.3.3
5.3.4
Any point on distribution system
5.3.5
Transmission line Area of system with known transient stability limitations
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5.3.10 New facilities No new construction allowed
MADRI Summary
Level 2 Procedures (Timeline)
MADRI Level 2 Timeline
Days
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 Equipment Inst allat ion 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 # #
EDC acknowledges receipt & completeness EDC evaluates installation Construction/Inspection (COC)/Cust Signed Agreement Witness Test / Interconnection Finalized
10 20
(Time Varies)
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MADRI Summary
Level 3A Procedures (What qualifies?)
Area Network • <50kVA • Certified inverter • Reverse power relays • < 5% of max load on circuit or 50 kVA • No new facilities
Radial Feeder • < 10 MVA • All generation on circuit < 10 MVA • Reverse power relays • Dedicated transformer • No new facilities
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MADRI Summary
Level 3A Procedures (Technical Screens) • <10kVA to Area Network Same as Level 1 • 10kVA – 50 kVA to Area Network Same as Level 2 • Connects to radial feeder Same as Level 2
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MADRI Summary
Level 3A Procedures (Timelines) • <10kVA to Area Network Same as Level 1 except EDC has an additional 20 days to conduct Area Network impact study • 10kVA – 50 kVA to Area Network Same as Level 2 except EDC has an additional 25 days to conduct Area Network impact study • Connects to radial feeder Not specified – most of assessment expected to be related to looking at potential fault 16 currents
MADRI Summary
Level 3 Procedures (What qualifies?)
• Projects from 2 –10 MVA • Projects less than 2MVA that: Are not Certified Are non-inverter based • Projects not approved under Level 1, Level 2 or Level 3A reviews
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MADRI Summary
Level 3 Procedures (Elements of review process) • Scoping Meeting to review interconnection request and existing studies • Feasibility Study to review short circuit capability limits; identify thermal or voltage limits; grounding requirements; non-binding estimate of facilities cost • System Impact Study to evaluate the safety and reliability impacts • Facilities Study to estimate cost of equipment, engineering, procurement and construction work 18
MADRI Summary
Level 3 Procedures (Timeline Elements) • Interconnection Request – EDC sends notice on
status of completeness 10 days after receiving request, if deficient, customer has 10 days to complete
• Scoping Meeting held within 10 days of receiving
notification of completed interconnection request • Feasibility Study agreement provided within 5 days of determination that it is necessary
• System Impact Study agreement provided within 5
days of determination that it is necessary • Facilities Study agreement provided within 5 days 19 of determination that it is necessary
MADRI Summary
Connecting To Area Networks
• Presumption is That it Should be Safe to Connect to Area Network if:
– No Export of Power – DG<5% of Peak Load on Network Up to 50 KW
• Burden is on Utility to Conduct Study Showing That DG is Not Safe • Study is at Utility Expense
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MADRI Insight
Testing & Certification • MADRI Made Significant Progress in Integrating 1547 Technical Requirements with 1547.1 Testing Requirements and Clearly Defines Certification Requirements to Qualify for Expedited Reviews • This Integration is Key to Successful Implementation of Screens and Will Help Ensure Greater Standardization Among State Interconnection Procedures
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COMPARISON OF KEY DIFFERENCES BETWEEN MADRI & FERC INTERCONNECTION REQUIREMENTS
PREPARED BY BRAD JOHNSON 6/08/05
Comparison of MADRI and FERC Interconnection Technical Requirements
MADRI < 10 MVA
References PJM Small Generator Minimum Technical Requirements – Based on IEEE 1547 With Clarification Notes
FERC < 20 MVA
References IEEE 1547
1.
2.
Isolation Device – Required. Must be accessible, lockable visible break type device; alternatives for customer to use lockbox to provide access Generation may not cause protective equipment to exceed 90% of short circuit rating
1. 2.
Isolation device not specifically required Generation may not cause protective equipment to exceed 87.5% of short circuit rating
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Comparison of MADRI and FERC Interconnection Processes
MADRI (<10 MVA)
• Level 1 (<10kVA) & Level 2 (<2 MVA) interconnections require inverters & Certified interconnection equipment No impact assessments by EDC for Level 1 & 2. Limited impact assessment for 3A Level 1& 2 & 3A must satisfy impact technical screens Level 3A ( <10 MVA) Provisions for Area Networks & non-exporting systems Level 3 – study process for all other systems < 10 MVA (virtually identical to FERC/PJM) • •
FERC (<20 MVA)
Streamlined application for <10kVA requires Certified inverter based equipment Super-expedited for Certified interconnection equipment < 2 MW (does not have to be inverter based) Study process for all other systems < 20 MVA (virtually identical to MADRI/PJM) No impact assessments for 1 & 2 above but must satisfy impact technical screens No provisions comparable to MADRI Level 3A 25
• • • •
• • •
MADRI Comparison
Level 1 Timelines
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MADRI Comparison
Level 2 Timelines
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Comparison of MADRI & FERC Interconnection Fees
MADRI Interconnection Fees
1. 2. Level 1 Interconnection Request Nominal fee (<$100) Level 2, 3A, 3 Interconnection Request Cost based fee To be established by appropriate state regulatory body Level 3 Studies Interconnection customer responsible for all costs incurred for any interconnection studies
FERC Interconnection Fees
1. 2. Level 1 Interconnection Request $100 processing fee Fast Track Process (Comparable to MADRI Level 2) $500 processing fee Level 3 Studies Lesser of $1,000 deposit or 50% of estimated cost of feasibility study at time of interconnection request Interconnection customer responsible for all costs incurred for any required interconnection studies
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3.
3.