Slide HRSBSTAFF Home Page diabetes

							   Part 1:
Carbohydrates
     Review: 6 essential nutrients
1.   Carbohydrates
2.   Fats
3.   Proteins
4.   Vitamins
5.   Water
6.   minerals
          1. Carbohydrates
• Sugar from fruits
• Starch from vegetables and grain products
  (bread, rice, pasta)
• Used for energy
• If not used converted to fat for storage
    3 kinds of carbohydrates
1. Monosaccharides
2. Disaccharides
3. polysaccharides
          Monosacchrides:
• Simple sugars found in fruits
• Includes glucose, fructose and galactose
               Dissachrides
•   Made of 2 simple sugars linked together
•   Includes maltose and sucrose
•   Also found in fruit
•   Ex. Glucose + glucose = maltose
           polysacchrides
• Long chains of many simple sugars linked
  together
• Found in vegetables and grains
• Ex. Starch, cellulose and glycogen
                  Insulin
• Once you eat carbs, the sugar is carried in
  the blood stream to cells
• Insulin (a hormone made by your
  pancreas) controls how much sugar is in
  the blood and how much stored
                Diabetes
• A disease in which the body cannot
  produce insulin or cannot use insulin very
  well causing these people to have too
  much sugar in their blood
         Types of diabetes:
• Type 1 diabetes (previously known as
  insulin-dependent diabetes)

• Type 2 diabetes (previously known as
  non-insulin dependent diabetes)

• Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)
                  Treatments
• A treatment plan for a person with type 1
  diabetes involves keeping their blood sugar
  levels within a healthy range, while making sure
  they grow and develop normally.
• To do that, people with type 1 diabetes need to:
  – take insulin every day
  – eat a healthy, balanced diet and stick to a diabetes
    meal plan
  – check their blood sugar levels several times a day
  – get regular physical activity