Bombay Hook National Wildlife Refuge 2591 Whitehall Neck Road Smyrna, DE 19977-6872 Telephone: 302/653 9345 E-mail: FW5RW_BHNWR@FWS.GOV http://bombayhook.fws.gov Federal Relay Service for the deaf and hard-of-hearing 1 800/877 8339 U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service 1 800/344 WILD http://www.fws.gov June 2002
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U.S. & Wildlife Service Fish Fish & Wildlife Service
Bombay Hook
National Wildlife Refuge Birds
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Black-necked stilts Bryan Feyock
Introduction
This goose, designed by J.N. “Ding” Darling, has become the symbol of the National Wildlife Refuge System.
Bombay Hook National Wildlife Refuge lies low and flat on the Atlantic Coastal Plain along the western shore of Delaware Bay. Nearly three-fourths of its almost 16,000 acres spreads out into tidal salt marsh and cordgrass meadows interrupted by winding rivers and creeks. Away from the bay and marsh are man-made freshwater ponds called impoundments. Upland woods, swamps, brushy thickets, grassy fields, and croplands complete the diversity of habitat which attracts a wide variety of bird life. Look for greatest numbers of waterfowl during March and November. Shorebirds, wading birds and songbirds are most abundant during May, August and September.
This brochure lists 278 species that have been identified on or seen from the refuge, and is in accordance with the seventh American Ornithologists Union Checklist. A list of approximately 70 accidental birds (seen at intervals of 5 or more years) is available on request. Most birds are migratory, therefore, their seasonal occurrence is coded as follows:
Season Sp Spring S Summer F Fall W Winter
March – May June – August September – November December – February
Relative Abundance Relative abundance indicates how frequently you might see a bird in its favored habitat.
a c u o r abundant common uncommon occasional rare a species which is very numerous likely to be seen or heard in suitable habitat present, but not certain to be seen seen only a few times during a season may be present, but not every year
Habitat Types (H) f Forest, woodlands, thickets w Wetlands (includes all bodies of water and fresh and salt water marshes) m Meadows, fields
• Birds known to nest on or near the refuge. Italics indicate federally threatened/endangered species.
Snow geese
Black-necked stilt
Sp
S
F r o
W r o
H w w
Loons ___ Red-throated Loon _________ o ___ Common Loon_____________ o Grebes ___ •Pied-billed Grebe __________ o ___ Horned Grebe _____________ o Cormorants ___ Double-crested Cormorant ___ c
o
u o
o o
w w
c
c
u
w
Sp
S r u c a a c u o c c u
F u o c c c c o o c c u
W o c o r
H w w w/m w/m w/m w w w/m w w w ___ •Mallard __________________ ___ •Blue-winged Teal __________ ___ •Northern Shoveler ________ ___ Northern Pintail ___________ ___ Green-winged Teal _________ ___ Canvasback _______________ ___ Redhead __________________ ___ Ring-necked Duck _________ ___ Greater Scaup _____________ ___ Lesser Scaup ______________ ___ Surf Scoter _______________ ___ White-winged Scoter _______ ___ Black Scoter ______________ ___ Long-tailed Duck __________ ___ Bufflehead ________________ ___ Common Goldeneye ________ ___ Hooded Merganser_________ ___ Common Merganser________ ___ Red-breasted Merganser____ ___ Ruddy Duck_______________
Sp a c a a a
S c u o o o
F a a a a a o r u c a u o o u c u u o u a
W a u a c o r r c a u o o o c u u c u a
H w/m w/m w w w/m w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w
Bitterns – Herons ___ •American Bittern __________ ___ •Least Bittern _____________ ___ Great Blue Heron __________ ___ Great Egret _______________ ___ Snowy Egret ______________ ___ Little Blue Heron __________ ___ Tricolored Heron __________ ___ Cattle Egret ______________ ___ •Green-backed Heron _______ ___ Black-crowned Night-Heron _ ___ Yellow-crowned Night-Heron
o u c a a u o o c c o
u
Ibises ___ White Ibis ________________ ___ Glossy Ibis ________________ a ___ White-faced Ibis ___________ Vultures ___ Black Vulture______________ u ___ Turkey Vulture ____________ c
c c c o o o c u u u u c
r a r
r c
w/m w/m w/m
r
u c
u c
u c
f/m/w f/m/w
u
Black duck
Swans – Geese – Ducks ___ Greater White-fronted Goose ___ Snow Goose _______________ ___ Ross' Goose _______________ ___ •Canada Goose _____________ ___ Mute Swan________________ ___ Tundra Swan ______________ ___ •Wood Duck________________ ___ •Gadwall __________________ ___ Eurasian Wigeon __________ ___ American Wigeon __________ ___ •American Black Duck ______
Osprey – Kites – Hawks – Eagles ___ •Osprey ___________________ ___ •Bald Eagle _______________ ___ •Northern Harrier __________ ___ Sharp-shinned Hawk _______ ___ Cooper's Hawk ____________ ___ •Red-shouldered Hawk _____ ___ Broad-winged Hawk________ ___ •Red-tailed Hawk ___________ ___ Rough-legged Hawk________ ___ Golden Eagle ______________
r a r a o u c c r c c o a o a c o u o a r a o c a a r c c o a r a o u o u r u c w/m w/m w/m w/m w/m w/m w/f w w w/m w
u u c c u u o c o
u u o o o c
u u c c u o o c o r
w/f u w/f/m c w/m u f/m u f/m o f/m f/m c f/m/w u f/w/m r f/m/w
Falcons ___ •American Kestrel __________ c ___ Merlin____________________ u ___ Peregrine Falcon___________ u Gallinaceous Birds ___ •Ring-necked Pheasant _____ c ___ •Wild Turkey_______________ u ___ •Northern Bobwhite ________ c
o o
c u u
c r o
m/f w/f w/f
c u c
c u u
c u u
m/f m/f m/f
Sp
S
F r r c o u o o u
W
H w w w w w w w w ___ Least Sandpiper ___________ ___ White-rumped Sandpiper ___ ___ Baird's Sandpiper __________ ___ Pectoral Sandpiper _________ ___ Dunlin____________________ ___ Curlew Sandpiper__________ ___ Stilt Sandpiper ____________ ___ Buff-breasted Sandpiper ____ ___ Ruff______________________ ___ Short-billed Dowitcher______ ___ Long-billed Dowitcher ______ ___ Common Snipe ____________ ___ •American Woodcock _______ ___ Wilson's Phalarope _________ ___ Red-necked Phalarope ______
Sp c c c a o u o a c u c o o
S c u r c o o c r o a u u u
F c u r c a r c r o a a u c o r
W r
H w/m w/m w/m w/m w w w m/w w/m w/m w/m w/m w/f w w
Rails ___ Yellow Rail ________________ ___ Black Rail ________________ ___ •Clapper Rail ______________ ___ •King Rail _________________ ___ •Virginia Rail ______________ ___ Sora _____________________ ___ •Common Moorhen _________ ___ •American Coot ____________ Plovers ___ Black-bellied Plover ________ ___ American Golden-Plover ____ ___ Semipalmated Plover _______ ___ •Killdeer __________________
r o c o u u o u
o c o u o u
u r o r u
r a
c r a c
u r a c
c u c c
o
u
w/m m/w w/m m/w
r u o
Oystercatchers ___ American Oystercatcher ____ r Stilts – Avocets ___ •Black-necked Stilt__________ c ___ American Avocet___________ a Sandpipers ___ Greater Yellowlegs _________ ___ Lesser Yellowlegs __________ ___ Solitary Sandpiper _________ ___ •Willet ____________________ ___ Spotted Sandpiper _________ ___ Upland Sandpiper__________ ___ Whimbrel _________________ ___ Hudsonian Godwit _________ ___ Marbled Godwit ___________ ___ Ruddy Turnstone __________ ___ Red Knot _________________ ___ Sanderling ________________ ___ Semipalmated Sandpiper____ ___ Western Sandpiper _________
a a o a c r r
r
w
c a
u a
o
w w
a a u a c r o r u o u a a
a a a a r
a a u u c r r o r u o c a a
u o
o r
w/m w/m w/m w w m m/w w w w w w w/m w/m
Woodcock
Sanderlings
Gulls – Terns – Skimmer ___ Laughing Gull _____________ ___ Black-headed Gull__________ ___ Bonaparte's Gull ___________ ___ Ring-billed Gull____________ ___ Herring Gull ______________ ___ Lesser Black-backed Gull ___ ___ Great Black-backed Gull ____ ___ Gull-billed Tern ____________ ___ Caspian Tern ______________ ___ Royal Tern ________________ ___ Common Tern _____________ ___ •Forster's Tern _____________ ___ Least Tern ________________ ___ White-winged Tern_________ ___ Black Tern ________________ ___ Black Skimmer ____________
a r u a a r c o u r c o r o
a r c a r c o u r r a o r o u
a o a a o c u o r c o o o u a a o c
w/m w w w/m w/m w/m w/m w w w w w w w w w
Sp
S u c
F u a
W u a
H m m/f
Sp
S
F r c o c u c
W r c o c u c
H f f f f f f
Doves ___ •Rock Dove _______________ u ___ •Mourning Dove ___________ c Cuckoos ___ •Black-billed Cuckoo ________ o ___ •Yellow-billed Cuckoo _______ c
o c
o u
f f
Woodpeckers ___ Red-headed Woodpecker ____ ___ •Red-bellied Woodpecker ____ ___ Yellow-bellied Sapsucker ____ ___ •Downy Woodpecker ________ ___ •Hairy Woodpecker _________ ___ •Northern Flicker __________ Tyrant Flycatchers ___ Olive-sided Flycatcher ______ ___ •Eastern Wood-Pewee ______ ___ •Acadian Flycatcher ________ ___ Alder Flycatcher___________ ___ •Willow Flycatcher _________ ___ Least Flycatcher___________ ___ •Eastern Phoebe ___________ ___ •Great Crested Flycatcher ___ ___ •Eastern Kingbird _________ ___ Scissor-tailed Flycatcher ____
r c o c u c
c c u c
Great horned owl
r c c r u o c c c
c c u u c a r
r c o r o o c u c
r
Barn Owls ___ •Barn Owl _________________ u Typical Owls ___ •Eastern Screech-Owl ______ ___ •Great Horned Owl _________ ___ •Barred Owl _______________ ___ Long-eared Owl ___________ ___ Short-eared Owl ___________ ___ Northern Saw-whet Owl ____ Nightjars
___ Common Nighthawk _______ ___ Whip-poor-will_____________ o c c c o r
f f f f f f f f f/m f/m
u
u
u
f
c c c
c c c r o r
c c c r u r
f f f f m/w f
Vireos ___ •White-eyed Vireo __________ ___ Blue-headed Vireo _________ ___ Warbling Vireo ____________ ___ Philadelphia Vireo _________ ___ •Yellow-throated Vireo ______ ___ •Red-eyed Vireo ____________
c o r u a
c
o a
c u r r o a
f f f f f f
r o
r
f f
Swifts ___ Chimney Swift_____________ u Hummingbirds ___ •Ruby-throated Hummingbird
c
u
u
m
c
c
f
Blue jay
Kingfishers ___ •Belted Kingfisher _________ c
u
c
u
w
Crows – Jays ___ •Blue Jay _________________ a ___ •American Crow ___________ c ___ •Fish Crow ________________ c
c c c
a c c
c u o
f f f/w
Sp
S u
F u
W u
H m
Sp
S u r
F u u o o u c u a
W u
H f/m f f f f f f f/m
Larks ___ •Horned Lark ______________ u Swallows ___ •Purple Martin ____________ ___ •Tree Swallow _____________ ___ Northern Rough-winged Swallow ___ Bank Swallow _____________ ___ Cliff Swallow ______________ ___ •Barn Swallow _____________
c a u c o c
c a u a o c
o a u u o c
r
m/w m/w m/w m/w m/w m/w
Thrushes ___ •Eastern Bluebird __________ ___ Veery ____________________ ___ Gray-cheeked Thrush ______ ___ Bicknell's Thrush __________ ___ Swainson's Thrush _________ ___ Hermit Thrush ____________ ___ •Wood Thrush _____________ ___ •American Robin ___________
u u o o u c c a
u c
c c
Titmice – Chickadees ___ •Carolina Chickadee ________ c ___ •Tufted Titmouse ___________ c Nuthatches ___ Red-breasted Nuthatch _____ u ___ White-breasted Nuthatch ___ o Creepers ___ Brown Creeper ____________ u Wrens ___ •Carolina Wren ____________ ___ •House Wren_______________ ___ Winter Wren ______________ ___ •Sedge Wren ______________ ___ •Marsh Wren ______________
c c u o c
c c
c c
c c
f f
Mimic Thrushes ___ •Gray Catbird ______________ a ___ •Northern Mockingbird _____ c ___ •Brown Thrasher ___________ c Starlings ___•European Starling _________ a Wagtails – Pipits ___ American Pipit ____________ u
c c c
a c c
o c o
f f/m f
o
u o
o o
f f
a
a
a
f/m/w
u
u
m/w
u
u
f
Waxwings ___•Cedar Waxwing ____________ c
c c o c c c u o c c r u r o f f f w w Black-and-white warbler
o
c
u
f
Wren
Kinglets ___ Golden-crowned Kinglet ____ c ___ Ruby-crowned Kinglet ______ c Old World Warblers – Gnatcatchers ___ •Blue-gray Gnatcatcher _____ c
u
c c
c u
f f
o
f
Wood Warblers ___ Blue-winged Warbler _______ ___ Golden-winged Warbler _____ ___ Tennessee Warbler _________ ___ Orange-Crowned Warbler ___ ___ Nashville Warbler __________ ___ Northern Parula ___________ ___ •Yellow Warbler ____________ ___ Chestnut-sided Warbler_____ ___ Magnolia Warbler __________ ___ Cape May Warbler _________ ___ Black-throated Blue Warbler
o r o o c c c c o c
o c
o r o r o c u c c o c
r
f f f f f f f f f f f
Sp ___ Yellow-rumped Warbler _____ ___ Black-throated Green Warbler ___ Blackburnian Warbler ______ ___ Pine Warbler ______________ ___ Prairie Warbler ____________ ___ Palm Warbler______________ ___ Bay-breasted Warbler ______ ___ Blackpoll Warbler __________ ___ Cerulean Warbler __________ ___ Black-and-white Warbler ____ ___ •American Redstart ________ ___ •Prothonotary Warbler ______ ___ Worm-eating Warbler_______ ___ Ovenbird _________________ ___ Northern Waterthrush______ ___ •Louisiana Waterthrush _____ ___ •Kentucky Warbler _________ ___ Connecticut Warbler _______ ___ Mourning Warbler _________ ___ •Common Yellowthroat ______ ___ Hooded Warbler ___________ ___ Wilson's Warbler ___________ ___ Canada Warbler ___________ ___ •Yellow-breasted Chat _______ a c u o u c o c r c c o o c u o u o a r o c u
S
F a c u o o c o u c c r r u u o o r o c r o o u
W c
H f f f f f f f f f f f f/w f f f/w f/w f f f f/w f f f f ___ •Swamp Sparrow ___________ ___ White-throated Sparrow ____ ___ White-crowned Sparrow ____ ___ Dark-eyed Junco___________ ___ Lapland Longspur _________ ___ Snow Bunting _____________
Sp c a o c r
S c
F c a o c o
W c a o c o o
H m/w f f f m m
o r
r
o o o u r o u
Cardinals – Grosbeaks – Allies ___ •Northern Cardinal _________ ___ Rose-breasted Grosbeak ____ ___ •Blue Grosbeak ____________ ___ •Indigo Bunting ____________ ___ Dickcissel _________________
c u u c
c u c r
c u u u r
c
f f f f/m m
a r o u
o
r
Tanagers
___ Summer Tanager __________ o ___ •Scarlet Tanager ___________ c c u f f Red-winged blackbird
Sparrows – Towhees ___ •Eastern Towhee ___________ ___ American Tree Sparrow_____ ___ •Chipping Sparrow _________ ___ •Field Sparrow _____________ ___ Savannah Sparrow ________ ___ •Grasshopper Sparrow ______ ___ Nelson's Sharp-tailed Sparrow ___ •Saltmarsh Sharp-tailed Sparrow ___ •Seaside Sparrow __________ ___ Fox Sparrow ______________ ___ •Song Sparrow _____________
c o u c a o u u a u a
c u c u u a c
c o u c a o u u c u a
u u r u u r o o o u a
f f f/m f/m f/w m w/m w w f f
Blackbirds – Orioles ___ Bobolink __________________ ___ •Red-winged Blackbird ______ ___ •Eastern Meadowlark _______ ___ Rusty Blackbird ___________ ___ Boat-tailed Grackle_________ ___ •Common Grackle __________ ___ •Brown-headed Cowbird ____ ___ •Orchard Oriole ____________ ___ •Baltimore Oriole ___________
o a u u o a c c u
c a u o a c c u
a a u u c a c o o
m a f/m/w u m u f/w u w/m a f/m u f/m f f
NOTES
Location __________________________________________ Date _____________________ Time _________________
Observers _________________________________________ Weather __________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ Goldfinch ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ Sp S F o u r o a r W o u r r c r H f f f f f f ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ o u r a r u ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ u u u f ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________
Finches ___ Purple Finch ______________ ___ •House Finch ______________ ___ Common Redpoll __________ ___ Pine Siskin ________________ ___ •American Goldfinch ________ ___ Evening Grosbeak _________
c
Old World Sparrows ___ •House Sparrow ___________ u
This brochure was partially funded by Friends of Bombay Hook, Inc.
Sparrow