Table S1. Employed doctoral scientists and engineers by field of doctorate, sex and race/ethnicity: 1993, 1995, and 1997
Page 1 of 3 Male Asian/ Pacific Islander American Indian/ Alaskan Hispanic Native Asian/ Pacific Islander Female American Indian/ Alaskan Native
Field and year Total 1993...................................................... 1995...................................................... 1997...................................................... Sciences 1993................................................... 1995................................................... 1997................................................... Computer/math sciences 1993................................................ 1995................................................ 1997................................................ Computer/information sciences 1993............................................. 1995............................................. 1997............................................. Mathematical sciences 1993............................................. 1995............................................. 1997............................................. Biological/agricultural sciences 1993................................................ 1995................................................ 1997................................................ Agricultural/food sciences 1993............................................. 1995............................................. 1997............................................. Biological sciences 1993............................................. 1995............................................. 1997............................................. Environmental life sciences 1993............................................. 1995............................................. 1997............................................. Health sciences 1993................................................ 1995................................................ 1997................................................
Total Number 462,870 484,780 518,440 Percent 100.0 100.0 100.0
White
Black
White
Black
Hispanic
Percent 67.1 64.8 62.8 9.4 10.0 10.9 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.7 1.6 0.3 0.3 0.3 17.2 18.2 19.1 1.7 2.1 2.4 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.1 0.1 0.1
387,760 406,110 429,820 27,950 29,270 32,400 5,150 6,450 8,000 22,800 22,820 24,400 110,920 116,690 124,600 15,100 15,440 15,670 91,970 97,370 104,630 3,850 3,890 4,300 13,670 15,460 17,180
100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
66.9 64.7 62.5 71.1 68.9 66.2 57.5 55.8 54.3 74.3 72.7 70.2 68.2 65.8 63.9 75.6 73.0 73.0 66.2 63.9 61.8 87.3 83.3 81.2 43.4 40.5 38.8
6.5 7.0 7.5 12.9 14.5 16.5 23.7 25.3 25.9 10.5 11.4 13.4 6.2 7.0 7.5 8.3 9.5 8.5 6.0 6.7 7.4 3.1 5.1 5.3 5.7 5.2 5.6
1.4 1.5 1.5 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.0 0.8 1.1 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.4 1.4 1.6 1.1 1.2 1.2 S S 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7
1.5 1.6 1.6 2.4 2.6 1.8 2.7 2.6 2.0 2.3 2.5 1.8 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.8 1.9 2.0 1.2 1.3 1.3 S S 1.2 1.0 1.0 1.1
0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 S S S S 0.3 0.2 S 0.2 0.2 0.2 S S S 0.2 0.2 0.2 S 1.3 S S S S
20.0 21.1 22.2 9.4 9.6 10.7 11.7 11.5 12.8 8.9 9.0 10.1 19.4 20.3 20.8 10.4 11.2 11.4 21.4 22.3 22.8 6.2 6.9 8.1 41.6 44.0 44.8
1.9 2.2 2.6 2.2 2.4 2.7 2.7 3.3 3.3 2.1 2.1 2.5 2.5 2.9 3.7 2.0 2.3 2.9 2.7 3.1 3.9 S S 1.2 2.7 3.1 3.6
0.8 0.8 0.9 0.2 0.3 0.3 S S S S 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.5 0.6 S S S 0.6 0.6 0.7 S S S 2.3 2.5 2.6
0.6 0.7 0.7 0.3 0.4 0.4 S S S 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.6 0.6 S 0.5 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.7 S S S 1.0 1.0 1.3
0.1 0.1 0.1 S S S S S S S S S 0.1 0.1 0.1 S S S 0.1 0.1 0.1 S S S 0.4 0.6 0.4
See explanatory information and SOURCE at the end of table.
Table S1. Employed doctoral scientists and engineers by field of doctorate, sex and race/ethnicity: 1993, 1995, and 1997
Page 2 of 3 Male Asian/ Pacific Islander American Indian/ Alaskan Hispanic Native Asian/ Pacific Islander Female American Indian/ Alaskan Native
Field and year
Total Number Percent 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
White
Black
White
Black
Hispanic
Percent 76.9 75.2 73.1 73.2 71.7 69.1 81.6 79.5 77.8 80.7 78.7 77.1 65.2 63.2 60.7 74.8 74.0 70.7 71.3 68.4 69.6 57.3 55.3 54.8 56.2 54.0 48.6 55.6 53.4 51.8 10.4 10.8 11.5 10.6 10.6 11.5 5.6 5.8 7.0 11.9 13.3 13.5 4.8 5.2 5.4 7.3 8.4 9.1 4.6 4.5 3.7 2.4 2.5 2.2 4.1 4.3 5.4 0.7 1.0 0.8 1.0 1.1 1.3 1.3 1.5 1.7 S 0.3 S 0.7 0.8 1.1 2.8 2.5 2.6 2.7 1.9 2.2 4.1 3.7 3.6 3.4 3.2 3.4 1.8 1.9 1.7 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.6 1.8 1.8 1.7 2.1 2.0 1.2 1.5 1.8 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.8 1.8 1.9 2.0 1.6 2.0 1.5 2.5 1.7 1.3 1.6 1.6 2.1 1.7 2.1 1.3 1.4 1.4 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 S 0.3 S 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.7 0.3 S S S 1.1 0.9 1.2 0.3 0.3 0.2 7.6 8.1 8.8 9.6 10.2 11.2 10.1 11.1 11.5 3.4 3.7 4.2 21.6 22.7 24.7 10.9 11.2 12.6 16.4 17.3 18.2 31.4 33.0 32.7 30.0 31.4 35.7 36.8 38.1 39.5 2.0 2.4 2.6 2.6 3.1 3.4 0.8 1.0 1.3 1.5 1.8 2.1 1.4 1.8 2.0 1.6 2.0 2.5 0.5 0.7 0.8 1.3 1.5 2.0 1.8 2.5 2.3 0.9 0.9 1.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 S S S S S S 1.1 1.2 1.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 1.0 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.5 1.6 1.8 1.8 1.8 2.1 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5 S S S 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.7 0.8 0.8 S 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.7 0.6 0.8 0.8 1.2 1.4 1.5 1.3 1.0 1.3 1.4 S S S S S S S S S S S S S 0.1 0.1 S S S S S S S S S S S S 0.3 0.3 0.3
Physical/related sciences 1993................................................ 1995................................................ 1997................................................ Chemistry, except biochem 1993............................................. 1995............................................. 1997............................................. Earth/atmos/ocean sciences 1993............................................. 1995............................................. 1997............................................. Physics and astronomy 1993............................................. 1995............................................. 1997............................................. Social sciences 1993................................................ 1995................................................ 1997................................................ Economics 1993............................................. 1995............................................. 1997............................................. Political/related sciences 1993............................................. 1995............................................. 1997............................................. Sociology 1993............................................. 1995............................................. 1997............................................. Other social sciences 1993............................................. 1995............................................. 1997............................................. Psychology 1993............................................. 1995............................................. 1997............................................. 19,760 20,750 21,940 71,020 75,790 79,320 12,200 12,210 13,230 14,290 14,780 15,820 19,410 19,860 20,080 33,150 34,410 35,920 65,660 67,600 71,070 13,620 14,370 15,110 51,760 52,530 54,220 98,540 101,300 105,250
See explanatory information and SOURCE at the end of table.
Table S1. Employed doctoral scientists and engineers by field of doctorate, sex and race/ethnicity: 1993, 1995, and 1997
Page 3 of 3 Male Asian/ Pacific Islander American Indian/ Alaskan Hispanic Native Asian/ Pacific Islander Female American Indian/ Alaskan Native
Field and year Engineering 1993................................................... 1995................................................... 1997................................................... Aerospace/aeronautical 1993................................................ 1995................................................ 1997................................................ Chemical 1993................................................ 1995................................................ 1997................................................ Civil 1993................................................ 1995................................................ 1997................................................ Electrical/computer 1993................................................ 1995................................................ 1997................................................ Materials/metallurgical 1993................................................ 1995................................................ 1997................................................ Mechanical 1993................................................ 1995................................................ 1997................................................ Other engineering 1993................................................ 1995................................................ 1997................................................ NOTE:
Total Number Percent 75,110 78,620 88,620 3,050 3,350 3,720 11,140 10,930 12,280 7,060 7,400 8,190 19,400 20,770 23,750 7,200 7,850 8,510 9,470 9,710 11,080 17,790 18,620 21,100 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
White
Black
White
Black
Hispanic
Percent 68.1 65.7 63.8 79.0 75.5 75.8 68.9 66.0 66.8 66.7 63.0 62.3 67.4 65.5 62.7 63.1 62.5 58.5 65.9 64.4 62.5 70.3 67.0 64.7 24.5 25.7 27.2 16.4 19.4 19.9 24.3 25.3 25.6 26.5 28.0 27.2 25.5 26.4 29.1 26.5 26.4 29.0 28.4 29.8 31.3 21.3 22.7 24.2 1.2 1.3 1.3 2.0 2.1 0.8 0.6 1.0 0.9 1.8 1.6 2.6 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.1 0.9 0.6 1.6 1.4 1.4 1.2 1.3 1.5 1.7 2.1 1.7 2.0 2.4 1.9 1.7 2.5 1.3 1.7 2.7 2.3 2.1 2.3 2.1 1.9 1.4 1.9 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.9 1.5 0.2 0.2 0.1 S S S S S S S S S 0.4 0.3 0.2 S S S S S S 0.4 0.4 S 2.9 3.4 3.9 S S S 3.1 3.5 3.8 2.1 3.5 3.9 2.1 2.3 2.8 4.6 6.0 6.2 1.5 1.3 1.4 4.4 5.2 6.2 1.1 1.4 1.6 S S S 0.7 1.4 1.1 1.0 0.9 1.3 1.3 1.7 1.8 2.2 2.3 3.1 1.0 1.2 1.8 1.0 1.4 1.4 0.1 0.1 0.1 S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S 0.2 0.2 0.2 S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S 0.3 S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S
Numbers are rounded to nearest ten. Details may not add to total because of rounding. 1993 and 1995 figures may not match previously published figures. 'Other' race included with 'white'. S=Suppressed due to too few cases (fewer than 50 weighted cases). National Science Foundation/Division of Science Resources Studies, Survey of Doctorate Recipients.
KEY: SOURCE: