Virginia
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Science and Engineering Profile
U.S. 483,162 97,075 27,272 22% 25% 13% 37,928 424,650 274,153 139,125 $26,412 Rank 10 11 14 Characteristic State U.S. Rank 14 18 17 Total R&D performance, 1997 (millions)............................................. $4,136 $199,110 Industry R&D, 1997 (millions)............................................. $150,329 $1,767 Academic R&D, 1997 (millions)............................................. $23,740 $455 of which, in life sciences............................................................................ 50% 56% in engineering............................................................................ 16% 19% in environmental sciences............................................................................ 13% 6% Higher education current-fund expenditures, 1996 (millions)............................................. $4,410 $189,626 Number of SBIR awards, 1990-98............................................. 1,952 35,413 Patents issued to State residents, 1998............................................. 1,051 80,287 Gross State product, 1997 (billions)............................................. $211 $8,152 of which, agriculture............................................. 1% 2% manufacturing, mining, construction............................................. 20% 23% transportation, communication, utilities............................................. 9% 8% wholesale and retail trade............................................. 14% 16% finance, insurance, real estate............................................. 18% 19% services............................................................................ 21% 20% government............................................................................ 12% 18%
State
Doctoral scientists, 19971...................................... 14,219 Doctoral engineers, 1997 ..................................... 3,104 S&E doctorates awarded, 1998 ........................................... 619 of which, in engineering............................................. 25% in life sciences..................................................... 25% in psychology..................................................... 13% S&E postdoctorates, 19971 in doctorate-granting institutions............................................. 634 S&E graduate students, 1997
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in doctorate-granting institutions............................................. 13,020 Population, 1998 (000s)............................................. 6,791 Civilian labor force, 1998 (000s)............................................. 3,488 Personal income per capita, 1998............................................. $27,385
Federal spending Total expenditures, 1998 (millions)............................................. $55,830 $1,453,884 R&D obligations, 1997 (millions)............................................. $68,424 $4,850 NOTE:
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Rankings and totals are based on data for the 50 States, District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico. Reliability of the estimates of industry R&D and of doctoral scientists and engineers varies by state, because the sample allocation was based on sector, not geography. The rankings do not take into account the margin of error of estimates from sample surveys.
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Data on graduate students, doctoral scientists and engineers, and postdoctorates include all graduate degree (except M.D.) candidates and recipients in S&E fields, including health fields. Data on doctorates awarded do not include health fields.
Federal Obligations for Research and Development by Agency and Performer: Fiscal Year 1997
Agency Federal Total Total, all agencies…………………………………. 4,849,753 Intramural 1,654,696 All FFRDCs 205,648 0 0 138,216 61,134 349 0 5,590 0 0 359 8 Industrial firms 2,718,179 82 9,061 2,402,659 7,295 29,532 41 20,795 12,697 212,567 23,450 3 Performer Universities & colleges 226,968 8,743 2,263 35,513 8,984 109,322 1,087 6,268 3,012 19,915 31,861 18 [In thousands of dollars] 36,922 838 40 5,815 2,924 8,395 480 600 3,157 12,817 1,856 15 7,340 64 0 157 0 1,161 0 5,881 0 77 0 5 3 37 14 2 13 20 1 4 5 6 12 na Other nonprofits State & local State rank, government total
Department of Agriculture……………………………. 10,526 799 Department of Commerce……………………………… 17,973 6,609 Department of Defense…………………………………. 3,875,822 1,293,462 Department of Energy…………………………………. 91,843 11,506 Department of Health & Human Services…………………………………. 149,469 710 Department of Interior………………………………………. 93,401 91,793 Department of Transportation……………………………………… 1,238 40,372 Environmental Protection Agency………………………………. 18,866 0 National Aeronautics & Space Admin…………………………………….. 490,543 245,167 National Science Foundation………………………60,938 3,412 3 State rank, total……………...…………………………………….. NOTE: 3
Federal R&D obligations are as reported by funding agencies. Ranks and totals are based on data for the 50 States, District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico.
KEY: FFRDC = federally funded research and development center; SBIR = small business innovation research; na = not applicable SOURCES: Prepared by the National Science Foundation/Division of Science Resources Studies. Data compiled from numerous sources -- see the section, "Data Sources for Science and Engineering (S&E) State Profiles".
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