Get documents about "Certificate for Movment the Product - PDF
W
Description
Certificate for Movment the Product document sample
Document Sample
Summer 1998 Vol. 1, No. 3
Animal Health News
News for Veterinarians from the North Dakota Board of Animal Health
BOAH orders quarantine continued
The North Dakota Board of Animal positive on the standard plate but mals and have found no signs of
Health (BOAH) has refused to lift a negative on the rivanol. A compliment vesicular stomatitis.
quarantine on a herd of cattle and fixation test on both the original and
Three states — Arizona, New Mexico
bison to prevent the possible spread of follow-up samples found them both to
and Texas— currently have confirmed
brucellosis. be negative.
cases of VS (see story on Page 4).
At its June 10 meeting, the board The board also ordered that all test-
The board also heard a report about
agreed that the original terms of the eligible cattle and bison be tested for
four dogs that were confiscated as a
quarantine must be met before the brucellosis and that all the animals,
result of a complaint received by the
order is lifted. The owners of the except nursing calves accompanying a
state veterinarian’s office alleging
animals had asked for the exemption negative-test dam, be tested for
inhumane treatment of animals.
to allow them to sell the animals in tuberculosis.
case dry conditions resulted in On two visits, investigators found that
The matter has been turned over to
insufficient grazing for the herd. the dogs had no food or water in front
the Williams County state’s attorney
of them. On one occasion, two of the
The board first learned of the illegal for consideration.
dogs were chained excessively short.
importation of 23 bison when the
The board approved State Veterinar- The owner has since recovered two of
North Dakota State University Diag-
ian Dr. Larry Schuler’s order that all the animals, which were being held by
nostic Laboratory reported a brucel-
livestock entering North Dakota from a local veterinary clinic. The other two
losis-positive bison heifer. The
a state where vesicular stomatitis has dogs were euthanized since the owner
animals, originally from Kansas, were
been diagnosed and that currently has did not claim them and they could not
being prepared for shipment to
a premise under quarantine for VS, be safely adopted out in their present
Canada. No health certificate for the
must be accompanied by an entry conditions.
animals was found.
permit obtained from the BOAH and
Although the owner stated in conver-
The board ordered all bison and cattle a certificate of veterinary inspection
sation that one of the animals he
on the premises quarantined. The with the following statement:
wanted back is a wolf-hybrid, the
owner was given the options of
board determined that it could not
slaughtering the suspect animal, The animals represented on this
take action against him without some
retesting the suspect heifer or quaran- health certificate have not origi-
kind of verification, such as a vaccina-
tining and retesting the heifer after 30 nated from a premise or area un-
tion certificate or health record
days. der quarantine for vesicular sto-
matitis. I have examined the ani- Continued on page 11
The animal was retested and found
In this issue
Board of Veterinary Medical Examiners 2 Adverse injection reactions in cats 7
S.D. Chronic wasting disease program 3 Wolf hybrids and rabies 8
What’s your diagnosis 4 Embryo transfers and Johne’s 10
Communicable disease update 5 Raccoon incident 11
Baxter Black 6 Accreditation program changes 12
Board OKs 14 to practice
Fourteen veterinarians have recently Tyler Hunskor, Minot; Dr. Annette
been licensed to practice in North Joyce, Cooperstown; Dr. Dawn Olson,
Dakota by the Board of Veterinary Spiritwood; Dr. Timothy Sahli,
Medical Examiners. Aberdeen; Dr. Alan Sletten, Fergus
Falls, MN, and Dr. Mary Ulmer,
The newly-licensed practitioners are Rochert, MN.
Dr. Gregory Adolf, St. Paul, MN; Dr.
Daniel Cook, Pennock, MN; Dr. Curtis The candidates met with State
Fried, Towner, Dr. Cory Grabinger, Veterinarian Dr. Larry Schuler, took
Turtle Lake; Dr. Deanna Grad, Harvey; the state board examination and were
Dr. David Hacker, Killdeer; Dr. interviewed by the board before
Kathleen Head, Morris, MN; Dr. obtaining their licenses in June.
Animal Health News Marshall Hermanson, Powers Lake; Dr.
is published by
The North Dakota Examining board names Boyce
Board of Animal Health
Dr. John Boyce is the new executive secretary of the North Dakota Board of
Daniel Bueligen, New Salem Veterinary Medical Examiners (NDBVME), succeeding Dr. Bill Rotenberger.
President
Francis Maher, Menoken Boyce serves as executive director of the National Board Examination Commit-
Vice President tee for Veterinary Medicine (NBEC). The NBEC office was moved from suburban
Chicago to Bismarck last year after the board became independent from the
Dr. Mark Lewis, Lisbon
Secretary American Veterinary Medical Association.
Dr. Steve Yost, Dickinson For the time being, the NDBVME will continue to use administrative services
Jeff Dahl, Gackle provided by the North Dakota Pharmacy Service Corp., but plans are underway
Jody Hauge, Leith to move the board’s telephone and records to the NBEC office later this summer.
Paula Swenson, Walcott A part time person will be hired to provide secretarial service to the board.
and
Dr. London Jacobs, Powers Lake, was elected president of the board for the
The North Dakota coming year, and Dr. James Clement, Mandan, was elected secretary. Dr. Timothy
Department of Agriculture Matz, Wahpeton, who served as president this past year, has notified the
Roger Johnson governor’s office that he would prefer not to be appointed to another term when
Commissioner of Agriculture his present term expires next month. He will continue to serve on the board until
Dr. Larry Schuler a replacement is appointed.
State Veterinarian Persons who want to contact the board office can call 328-9540. Dr. Boyce can be
Dr. Susan Keller reached directly at 224-0332. His e-mail address is <boyce@nbec.org>.
Deputy State Veterinarian
Please send all correspondence Rules changes under consideration
to the State Veterinarian
Board of Animal Health The North Dakota Board of Veterinary Medical Examiners has reviewed several
N.D. Department of Agriculture proposed changes to the rules governing the practice of veterinary medicine in
600 E. Boulevard Ave., Dept. 602 the state.
Bismarck, ND 58505-0020
Some of the changes are administrative in nature, while others are designed to
PH: (701) 328-2654
(800) 242-7535 help the board deal with complaints filed against licensed veterinarians. In the
Fax: (701) 328-4567 latter category, the board reviewed proposed rules governing veterinary prescrip-
tion drugs, storage and labeling of drugs, patient records, procedures for investi-
Ted Quanrud, Editor gating complaints and formation of a peer review committee.
The proposed rules will be sent to the North Dakota Veterinary Medical Associa-
tion for review and comment and then published for public comment before final
consideration by the end of the year.
2 Animal Health News
Schematic of S.D.Control Program for Chronic Wasting Disease of Captive Cervidae
Chronic Wasting Disease program underway in S.D.
South Dakota has taken legislative Surveillance Identification Program Chronic Wasting Disease Control
action to create a Chronic Wasting includes required examination of program.
Disease certification program for brain tissue from all dead cervids 18
CWD has been diagnosed in captive
captive cervids. The program calls months or older, including deaths by
herds only in South Dakota, Ne-
for a 5-year program with monitor- slaughter, hunting, illness, and
braska and Oklahoma.
ing of all captive cervidae herds. injury.
Monitored herds that maintain clean The South Dakota state veterinarian Copies of the document can be
status are given certificates at annual has forwarded the description of his obtained from Dr. Sam Holland,
milestones for years 1 through 4 and state’s program to the United States South Dakota State Veterinarian, SD
are designated “Certified CWD Animal Health Association suggest- Animal Industry Board, 411 South
Cervid Herd” after 5 years of nega- ing it be considered as a “starting Fort Street, Pierre, South Dakota
tive surveillance. The Cervid CWD place” for developing a model 57501-4503.
Examples of additions to
monitored and certified
herds. Animals could be
sold and represented with
the corresponding status
Volume 1, No. 3 3
What is your diagnosis?
You are called to visit a farm to look Skin - There are multiple, round to superficial keratinocytes. The
at four horses with oral lesions. oval, well circumscribed verminous epidermal subcorneal pustules
foci approximately 0.5 mm in contain numerous eosinophils, and
The horses had been imported three the subjacent dermis contains
diameter in the deep epidermis.
weeks earlier from New Mexico, and variably sized, perivascular cuffs of
These foci contain either variably
the lesions were noted 10 days ago. eosinophils. Lesser numbers of
sized and shaped, darkly eosino-
Clinical signs included cracking, lymphocytes and plasma cells are
philic, amorphous larvae-associated
friable, weeping mouth lesions. The also located perivascularly in the
debris, basophilic cellular debris,
affected horses are held apart from dermis.
and fine, granular amphophilic
other livestock on the farm. There
necrotic debris or a single, fly larvae
are also 21 cows on the premise. No Morphologic Diagnosis: Skin -
with spinous cuticle. There are
lesions are noted in the cattle. The intraepidermal, pustular and
multifocal, variably sized areas of
following are the lab results. perivascular dermatitis; eosinophilic,
epidermal erosion and subcorneal
multifocal, subacute and moderate
Histopathology report: Sections of pustule formation. The areas of
dermatitis; intralesional fly larvae
equine skin were examined from the erosion are covered by abundant,
and larval migration tracks.
labial muco-cutaneous junction. eosinophilic, necrotic debris and
Three of the sections contained degenerate cellular debris. Epidermal Serology and virus isolation for
similar lesions. One of the sections cells are often separated by narrow vesicular stomatitis were negative.
contained only superficial epidermis, zones of clear space, and there are
which was not sufficient for diagnos- multifocal, small areas of eosino-
tic purposes. philic, proteinaceous fluid separating For diagnosis, see Page 7
News in brief
The U.S. Food and Drug Adminis- Hygieia Biological Laboratories has When interpreting a tuberculosis
tration has approved restricted use received a conditional license from injection site, remember to report
of a clenbuterol product for horses. USDA for its Serpens species Bacte- any increase in size as a suspect on
The product, known as Ventipulmin rin for the prevention and treatment the chart. All TB injection sites must
Syrup, sponsored by Boehringer of papillomatous digital dermatitis be read regardless of any changes in
Ingleheim Animal Health, Inc., is an (PDD) also known as hairy plans regarding movment of the
orally administered product used in footwarts. The conditional license animals. Please send the appropriate
horses affected with airway obstruc- requires Hygieia to secure written papers to the state veterinarian’s
tion such as Chronic Obstructive permission from the state veterinar- office within 30 days.
Pulmonary Disease (COPD), also ian before the vaccine can be
known as the heaves. According to shipped to any particular state. The ••••••
the Code of Federal Regulations, bacteria for which the vaccine Veterinarians conducting
Title 2 1, Part 5 3 0.4 1, the use of stimulates immunity has never been turberculosis tests of cervidae (deer,
clenbuterol is prohibited in food identified as a causative agent of elk, etc.) must first be approved
animals. Veterinarians using the hairy warts by non-company re- through with the state veterinarian’s
product illegally will be held ac- searchers. A number of other etio- office or USDA.
countable. Human illness, associated logic agents have been associated
with the consumption of meat with PDD — none are definitive. ••••••
containing clenbuterol residue Producers and practitioners are No Coggins test is required on
includes: increased heart rate, awaiting the results of peer-reviewed horses coming from South Dakota
muscular tremors, headache, dizzi- trials on Hygieia’s bacterin. So far it into North Dakota. A current health
ness, nausea, fever, and chills. is receiving mixed reviews. certificate and identification are
•••••• •••••• required.
4 Animal Health News
Communicable disease update
Bovine tuberculosis The disease has also been detected recently in a number of
animals in Arizona and in a single horse in Reeves County,
Michigan’s tuberculosis-free status will be suspended Texas. Six Arizona premises, mostly in the southeastern
following the positive diagnosis of the disease in an Angus part of the state, are presently quarantined.
cow from a herd of 20 animals in Alpene County. The
discovery was made in the wake of five-county screening Statements on vesicular stomatitis are currently required on
resulting from outbreak of the disease among freeranging health certificates for horses from the three VS-affected
whitetailed deer. states coming into North Dakota.
The cow was initially classified as a reactor on her com- USDA has decided that state veterinarians and area veteri-
parative cervical TB test. The animal was destroyed and narians in charge (AVIC’s) in states with positive VS cases
necropsied at Michigan State University, College of Veteri- will manage this year’s outbreak. Foreign animal disease
nary Medicine. Gross lesions consistent with bovine TB diagnosticians will report vesicular investigation data to the
were noted on the retropharyngeal lymph nodes. No gross area office for entry unto the Field Epidemiology Data
lesions consistent with bovine TB were noted in other System. Regional disease reporting officers will manage the
organs. Appropriate tissues sent to the National Veterinary data and produce reports for public dissemination.
Services Laboratory cultured positive for TB. Samples from horses with a vesicular condition will be sent
The Michigan Department of Agriculture had begun an to the National Veterinary Services Laboratory, Ames, IA.
aggressive program to TB test all cattle and goats in a while samples from all other species with vesicular condi-
five-county area after bovine tuberculosis was detected in tions will go to the NVSL at Greenport, NY.
the free-ranging whitetailed deer.
Program goals include: Exotic Newcastle disease
!TB testing of all test eligible cattle and goats within a The National Veterinary Services Laboratory confirmed an
five-mile radius of wherever M. bovis culture positive outbreak of velogenic viserotropic Newcastle disease
wild white-tailed deer have been identified. (VVND), also known as Exotic Newcastle disease, in a flock
!TB testing of all test-eligible dairy cattle and dairy goats of backyard game chickens in Fresno, CA, in June.
in the five-county area. A hold order has been place on the affected premises, a
!Identification and placement of a TB testing plan to test private residence with backyard cages housing 48 game
all eligible beef breeding animals in the five-county area. chickens. The birds have subsequently died or were
euthanized.
One captive cervidae herd in Presque Isle County has been
confirmed infected with M. bovis. The herd is quarantined California has put together a group to survey the neighbor-
and is undergoing depopulation. hood to get a census of birds in the area and to purchase
any affected or exposed birds for diagnostic purposes. The
Ten teams of MDA and USDA veterinarians are assigned to affected premises is approximately 17 miles from any
the five-county area to meet the testing goals. commercial poultry operation. Commercial poultry have
In the meantime, Kansas has reported TB in a domestic elk not been exposed to the disease, and there is no reason to
herd, but this does not affect the state’s TB-free status. believe that the industry is at risk.
Lyme disease
Vesicular stomatitis
North Dakota State University veterinarians have con-
Vesicular stomatitis (VS) virus was diagnosed in two firmed the diagnosis of Lyme disease in three horses from a
horses on a New Mexico premises in May. The virus pasture along the Turtle River near Mekinock in Grand
(Indiana type) was isolated from one horse while the other Forks County.
horse was serologically positive. Both horses showed
clinical signs of VS. Symptoms included joint swelling and stiffness. The
animals responded to treatment with ampicillin.
Volume 1, No. 3 5
Clones from History
By Baxter Black, DVM Attilla the Hun. Pillaged and plundered the land
and built monuments to his own scorched earth
If it were possible to clone human beings from history,
policy. A real estate developer.
what would they be doing today? For instance, if we were
somehow able to find a strand of DNA from Robin A Roman slave. He could own his own dairy today.
Hood, clone him and raise him in our modern environ-
ment, what do you reckon he’d be doing? His genes would The first person who crossed the Bering Strait and
give him the predilection to master disguises, slink introduced mastodons to the Eskimos would
around in back rooms and rob from the rich. Obviously,. probably be in the llama or ostrich business now.
he’d be in politics. Lewis and Clark. Managed to make it across the
The sheriff of Nottingham, on the other hand would country by trading trinkets to keep from getting
rob from the rich and poor alike and have no shot. Animal health salesmen.
conscience. The perfect packin' house buyer. Chris Columbus. Had to beg for financing. made
How ’bout Noah. Fair to middlin'navigator, knew how risky investments and wound up 14,000 miles off
to make repairs en route and kept a lot of air course. He'd be feeding cattle today.
freshener in the pilot house. He'd make a good Fred Flintstone. Lived in a cave, rode a dinosaur and
livestock hauler. didn't do well with strangers. Probably be herding
If we cloned an Egyptian Pharaoh where would he fit sheep in Wyoming.
in the 20th century? Well, they spent their lifetime Nero. Played his fiddle while Rome burned. He'd
leaving their mark on the land for people centuries probably have a BBQ joint in Branson, Missouri.
later to ponder. I believe he'd be selling Harvastore
silos. And finally Moses. He brought a plague on his
neighbors, took orders from higher up and was
Buffalo Bill. A showman, took advantage of cowboys good with large quantities of liquid. His clone
and stayed one jump ahead of the creditors. He might make a good hog confinement operator.
could easily slip into the boots of a rodeo producer. 'Course, Moses was also lost for 40 years wander-
Edgar Allen Poe. Thought up depressing stories that ing the wilderness with no apparent means of
scared the wits out of people. He'd be an economist. support, so he could easily be a professional team
roper.
Poncho Villa. Inspired great loyalty in his people,
Reprinted from On the Edge of Common Sense by
came from Texas and knew all the good songs.
Baxter Black DVM, in a 1998 issue of Large Animal
Freddy Fender.
Practice. Used with permission of the author, Coyote
Cowboy Company and Large Animal Practice.
Upcoming meetings Special meeting
North Dakota Veterinary North Dakota Board The North Dakota Board of Animal
Medical Association of Animal Health Health sponsored a special meeting,
Aug. 6-8 9 am, Wednesday, Sept. 9, June 23, to consider the state’s ability
Peace Garden Room to respond to an animal health
International Inn, Minot
State Capitol, Bismarck. emergency. Animal industry represen-
Non-Traditional Livestock tatives , veterinarians and state agency
Advisory Council N.D. Board of Veterinary representatives participated in the
Medical Examiners meeting.
9 am, Thursday, Aug. 27
Fort Totten Room 9 am, Monday, Sept. 28 A task force was appointed to address
State Capitol, Bismarck Missouri River Room issues raised at the meeting.
State Capitol, Bismarck
6 Animal Health News
Reports wanted on adverse
reactions to feline injections
The United States Pharmacopeia Veterinary Practitio-
ners’ Reporting Program is assisting the
Vaccine-Associated Feline Sarcoma Task Force in provid-
ing guidelines for recommendations concerning
feline vaccination procedures. Reports
of vaccination reactions can be
made by mail, fax (301)
816-8532), telephone
(800-487-7776) and through
the on-line reporting form at
www.usp.org/prn/vprp.htm0>
The initial recommendations for
cat vaccination include:
1 The label recommendation is the only
official item a veterinarian currently
has to demonstrate
the basis for
vaccination.
2 Alternate vaccina-
tion routes (e.g., nasal,
topical) should be considered if and
a) Veterinarians should standardize vaccination (and
when available.
other injection) protocols within their practice and
3 Use of vaccines packaged in single- dose vials should document the location of the injection, the type of
be encouraged. vaccine or other injectable product administered, and
the manufacturer and serial number of the vaccine in
4 Vaccination is a medical procedure and protocols the patient’s permanent medical record.
should be individualized to the patient. Administration
of any vaccine should proceed only after duly consid- b) It is recommended that:
ering the medical significance and zoonotic potential
i) Vaccines containing antigens limited to panleukopenia,
of the infectious agent, the patients risk of exposure
feline herpesvirus type-1, and feline calicivirus (+/-
and germane legal requirements.
chlamydia) should be administered on the right shoul-
5 Any occurrences of vaccine-associated sarcomas or der, according to manufacturer recommendations.
other adverse reactions should be reported directly to
ii) Vaccines containing rabies antigen (+ any other anti-
the vaccine manufacturer and to the USP Veterinary
gen) should be administered on the right rear limb, as
Practitioners’ Reporting Program at (800) 487-7776 or
distally as possible, according to manufacturer recom-
www.usp.org/prn/vprp.htm. The record should include
mendations.
vaccine type, lot number, and vaccination site; this
information should also be incorporated into the iii) Vaccines containing feline leukemia virus antigen (+/-
patient’s permanent medical file. any other antigen except rabies) should be adminis-
tered on the left rear limb, as distally as possible,
6. To further characterize the causal link and to facilitate
according to manufacturer recommendations.
treatment of vaccine-associated sarcomas, the follow-
ing general guidelines for vaccine (and other injectable iv) Injection sites of other medications should be re-
product) administration are suggested: corded.
Volume 1, No. 3 7
Will wolf-hybrids follow in ferrets’ tracks?
USDA re-evaluating its position on rabies vaccine efficacy
The suitability of ferrets (Mustela putorius) as domestic horizon for wolves and wolf hybrids. USDA-approved
pets has been debated for years. Ferret fanciers point to rabies vaccines for dogs are not approved for wolves or
the popularity and widespread ownership of this animal wolf hybrids, and vaccine makers have not been inter-
in the U.S. and the fact that ferrets have been kept as pets ested in conducting separate vaccine trials for wolves and
for centuries. Wildlife officials worry, however, about wolf hybrids because the market is too small. After
these exotic animals becoming established in the wild, discussions with taxonomists and rabies experts, USDA is
and public health authorities have expressed concerns re-evaluating its position on the efficacy of dog rabies
about potential health risks. vaccine in wolves and wolf hybrids. To test the hypothesis
that the immune systems of these canines are equivalent
The public health issue is twofold. First, the ferret has a
to dogs, the USDA will examine veterinary records of
reputation for attacking human infants and inflicting
wolves and wolf hybrids that have been vaccinated with
mutilating bites. Although such attacks are rare, a ferret
other canine vaccines such as canine distemper,
should NEVER be left alone with young children. The
parvovirus, parainfluenza, hepatitis, and adenovirus type.
other issue is rabies. For many years, the lack of a
The information can be extrapolated to predict the safety
USDA-approved rabies vaccine for ferrets provided a
and efficacy of all dog vaccines, including rabies vaccine,
ready explanation for regulations against ferret owner-
in wolves and wolf hybrids.
ship. Then, in 1990, a rabies vaccine was approved for
ferrets. This development reduced the risk, but the Traditionally, privately owned wolves and wolf hybrids
question remained as to what to do when a ferret bites have been handled as wildlife when persons were bitten
someone. For dogs and or scratched. This means
cats, this scenario is that there is no quarantine
handled with a 10-day and that the animal must
quarantine; but does Vets asked to report requests be killed immediately for
rabies in ferrets work the testing. Some states
same way? for wolf-hybrid vaccinations already are changing their
regulations to treat wolves
The national guideline North Dakota practitioners who receive requests for and wolf hybrids the same
for rabies issues — the rabies vaccination of wolves, wolf-hybrids or other as dogs. If the USDA
National Association of non-traditional livestock are asked to alert the state expands the dog rabies
State Public Health veterinarian. Rabies vaccines are currently approved vaccine licensure to
Veterinarians’ Compen- for use only in dogs, cats, horses, cattle and sheep. include wolves and wolf
dium of Animal Rabies
Veterinarians have had legal problems in some states hybrids, it is likely that this
Control — currently
as a result of treating wolf hybrids. A New Jersey vet- will become the norm.
recommends that “a
healthy dog, cat, or ferret erinarian was sued and found liable for damages af- From SCWDS
that bites a person should ter treating a wolf hybrid that later bit someone. Vet-
BRIEFS: A Quarterly
be confined and observed erinarians may find that their malpractice insurance
does not offer coverage in lawsuits involving a wolf Newsletter from the
for 10 days.” Ferrets are Southeastern Coop-
treated as equivalent to hybrid, if the hybrid is not licensed with the state or
is owned illegally. The AVMA said its malpractice erative Wildlife Dis-
dogs and cats elsewhere
in the compendium. insurance carrier will not cover suits involving wolf ease Study, published
hybrids if the animal’s owner has no permit in a state by the University of
Similar changes in rabies that requires one, or if hybrids are prohibited in the Georgia College of
regulations may be on the state in which the incident occurred. Veterinary Medicine,
For information on which animals are required to be April 1998, Pages 2-3.
licensed as nontraditional livestock, call the state
veterinarian’s office.
(Reference: AWIC newsletter, Winter 1994/1995,
8 Animal Health News
New reporting plan tracks drug residues
The Food Safety Inspection Service 2. Seller will obtain a receipt or other
(FSIS) examines and tests animals at documentation from the buyer
slaughter for violative levels of drug acknowledging that the buyer has
residues. The Food and Drug been informed that the animal has
Administration, charged with been medicated.
enforcing the Federal Food, Drug
3. Seller retains copy of acknowledg-
and Cosmetic Act investigates the
ment.
reports of drug violations supplied
by FSIS. Penalties under the act may AUCTION - DEALER
include civil or criminal sanctions,
injunctions or prosecution against 1 . Provide consignor with receipt or
violators. invoice annotated with the words,
“Medicated Animal” to acknowledge
Most instances of violative levels of receipt of a treated animal.
drug residues can be avoided by utilizing
pharmaceuticals according to label directions and 2. Identify animal with a red “Medicated Animal”backtag
adhering to prescribed withholding times. Maintaining and enter number in records.
an appropriate drug withholding period prior to slaugh- 3. Provide purchaser with an invoice that indicates the
ter becomes complicated when the animal is sold, traded animal has been medicated, type of drug used and
or otherwise moved after treatment but before the recommended withholding time.
designated withholding period has occurred.
Please inform producers that they should obtain written
In order to prevent contamination of the human food acknowledgment in the form described for each sale of
supply due to drug residues from treated animals that are medicated cattle that occurs prior to the established
offered into general commerce, a new reporting system withholding period for the drug used.
has been developed. Adherence to the procedures out-
lined should provide protection against regulatory The violation will be charged against the producer unless
enforcement action. documentation exists that demonstrates that the sale
occurred with the knowledge that the animal was medi-
Regulatory action will be taken at the level where appro- cated and that withholding times prior to slaughter for
priate procedures were not followed. human consumption are applicable. It you have any
PRODUCER procedural questions regarding this policy, call the office
at 518-457-3502 for clarification.
1. The producer will provide buyer, auctioneer, etc. with
notice that animal has been medicated, type of drug, In North Dakota, the adoption of a BQA (Beef Quality
dose and date of last administration. Seller is also Assurance) Program is currently being discussed to aid in
responsible for providing information on the recom- preventing drug residue in beef.
mended withdrawal period prior to slaughter.
What’s your diagnosis?: Answer
infestation. Perhaps the relocation of the horses exposed
Continued from page 4 them to a greater Gastrophilus burden.
The answer is Gastrophilus larvae. This was an actual case in North Dakota last year.
Comments: Vesicular stomatitis cannot be ruled out Practitioner Note: All vesicular diseases must be reported
based on the histological finding; however, the eosino- and investigated as a FAD (Foreign Animal Disease). Call
philia, verminous tracks, and fly larvae suggest that the your State Veterinarian or AVIC. A Foreign Animal
Gastrophilus larvae are a likely cause for the lesions. Oral Disease Diagnostician (FADD) will be sent to the pre-
ulcers and inflammation have been described with bot mises to investigate and take samples.
Volume 1, No. 3 9
Embryo transfer
can result in
spread of Johne’s
Successful embryo transfer is an avenue for producing
large numbers of genetically superior animals in a
short period of time. Flushing fertilized eggs from
females induced to superovulate has become a widely
used procedure in the cattle industry. It has greatly
accelerated herd breeding for producers with the
necessary expertise, ability and facilities.
One of the more limiting factors is the availability
of suitable recipients. Therefore, less than suitable
recipients are often used.
Cull dairy cows from local stockyards are the
most common sources of recipients. Many of
these animals are open and have been culled due
to age, mastitis, poor production or breeding
problems. They become candidates to receive
an embryo transplant because they are docile,
good milkers and relatively inexpensive. Providing they fecal culture test, which takes several weeks, is accurate
are disease-free, these qualities make them ideal when it is positive. However, infected cows do not shed
surrogate mothers for valuable embryos. the organism continuously, so the fecal test may not
Recipient animals are often bought on the assumption detect a positive animal.
that they are healthy. This assumption is often faulty It is unlikely one can say with 100 percent assurance that
and the buyer has actually bought an animal that is a cull cow is not infected. The following are some guide-
incubating something other than a calf, namely Johne’s lines for producers to appreciably lessen the 20 percent
disease. infection rate in the
Cull cows make out- population of discard
standing recipients for dairy cows:
embryo transplants Some facts about Johne’s disease 1 Buy animals from
only if they are healthy. herds that have no
• Johne’s disease infects many species.
When a Johne’s in- known history of
fected animal is unex- • The bacteria multiply slowly -fecal shedding from infected Johne’s infection.
pectedly used, they animals occurs long before clinical disease develops.
become less than 2 Buy animals from
suitable. • Usual transmission is by ingestion of bacteria from feces. herds that have a
• Young animals are at highest risk for infection. Johne’s control
How do your clients program.
avoid buying a Johne’s • Clinical signs include weight loss, diarrhea and “bottle jaw”
infected cow to use as a appearance. 3 Segregate
surrogate dam? There potential recipients
are several tests for the • 30% of fetuses may become infected while in the uterus of for testing before
presence of Johne’s, but a clinically infected dam. transplanting.
no single diagnostic • There is no treatment or cure.
test is sufficient for all
purposes. False positive From Kansas Animal Health News — May 1998 Continued on the
and negative test results next page
are encountered. The
10 Animal Health News
12 treated after exposure to rabid raccoon
Twelve people have learned one A Health Department employee told the
reason why North Dakota owner the risk was probably small, since
bans private ownership of few cases of rabies had been reported in
skunks and raccoons. recent years, but he urged the owner
to send the animal in for testing
A Lisbon area family “just to be sure.”
adopted two wild raccoons
(Procyon lotor) in April. One of The animal tested positive
the animals later died, and the for rabies, and 12 people
owner called the North Dakota ended up taking a series of
State Health Department to prophylactic rabies shots.
ask if rabies might be the
cause. She was concerned because The 1997 Legislature banned private ownership
the remaining raccoon had bitten someone of raccoons and skunks ( N.D. Century Code 36-
during feeding. 01-08.4).
BOAH meeting Johne’s disease
Continued from page 1 Continued from previous page
indicating that the animal is a wolf-hybrid. Blood tests to determine canine
4 Use dairy breeds requiring a
genetic background are still at least a year away. The case has been turned over to
negative enzyme-linked
the Burleigh County state’s attorney.
immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test
In other action, the board: for purebred animals before sale.
• Approved a request by Dakota Zoo, Bismarck, to import mountain goats. 5 You may wish to use the fecal
culture test that costs about $12
• Denied a request by the Wishek Centennial Committee for an exemption from
and requires up to 16 weeks.
the health certificate requirement for a trail ride from North Dakota to South
Dakota. The board ruled it does not have the power to grant such exemptions. The point has been made. The animals
that producers choose to use as
• Denied a request by a pet store to import and sell opossums.
embryo incubators may be incubating
• Denied a request to import and license red deer. Board members expressed a disease that will sow seeds on their
concern about possible crossbreeding of the deer with elk and the high operations, that the producers will be
incidence of tuberculosis in red deer. harvesting the results for a long while.
• Denied a request to import wallabies and ordered the owner to return the
animal to the state of origin. The board said “the burden of proof ” regarding This article is excerpted from an
disease state and risk to livestock and domestic animals lies with the person article by Dr. Lewis Thomas, the West
importing the animal. Virginia state veterinarian and director
of the Animal Health Division of the
• Learned that the owner of a Siberian tiger had agreed to pay the current fee West Virginia Department of Agricul-
due and last year’s license fee. ture. Dr. Thomas’s original article is
found in the May 1998 issue of The
• Agreed to formulate rules on scrapie at the request of the North Dakota Lamb
Market Bulletin, the monthly newslet-
and Wool Producers.
ter of the WVDA.
• Discussed the eligible age for brucellosis vaccination. In view of the current
use of RB5I in most states, carryover titers that occurred with the old Strain 19
vaccine are no longer a concern. Some states have already reduced the test-
eligible age to 12 months and even to 6 months. No changes will be made in
North Dakota at the present time.
Volume 1, No. 3 11
Changes sought in accreditation program
Improvements in the Veterinary this action is to develop a quality provide the funding for
Accreditation Program (V AP) are training module which would focus high-quality training and continu-
needed to ensure the credibility, AP
on current V policy and the ing education for accredited
consistency, and accuracy of the work latest scientific information on the veterinarians.
performed by accredited veterinar- transmission, diagnosis and
ians, according to a nationwide survey. reporting of exotic and emerging • Instituting a quality assurance
diseases. Improvements in the program by which APHIS can
The Animal Plant Health Inspection ensure consistent and uniform
education and initial orientation of
Service (APHIS) of the U.S. Depart- AP
administration of V policy. This
veterinary students is also needed
ment of Agriculture assembled a team monitoring program would ensure
for this training to be the most
to assess the effectiveness of the that delivery of program services
effective. The module would be
current VAP. Their survey of state and adjudication of program
developed in consultation with the
veterinarians and APHIS personnel violations would be consistent
Association of American Veteri-
determined that with the acceptance among states. It would also provide
nary Medical Colleges and the
of disease regionalization, veterinar- a tracking system to identify active
American Veterinary Medical
ians must increase their knowledge of AP
V participants so that the
Association’s Council on Education
and their vigilance for diseases not database can be periodically
to ensure that it also meets state
now known to exist in the US. updated to reflect an accurate
licensure standards.
The proposals include: assessment of the accredited
• Instituting an application and veterinarian’s role in the veterinary
• Instituting compulsory periodic renewal fee to fund the continuing infrastructure of the U.S.
continuing education for retention education. Fees to obtain or
of accredited status. The intent of maintain accredited status would
Bismarck, ND 58505-0020
58505 600 E. Boulevard Ave., Dept. 602
Bismarck ND North Dakota Department of Agriculture
Permit 386 North Dakota Board of Animal Health
Postage Paid
Bulk Rate Animal Health News
Related docs
