Background Note on the Tabulation Plans 1-2 Survey Tables for Essential Consistency Checks These tables refer to the essential consistency checks, which can affect the informal employment and informal sector estimates required by the project. The variables that are cross-tabulated are related to the criteria of defining informal employment, household unincorporated enterprises with at least some market production (HUEMs) and informal sector enterprises, which are a subset of HUEMs. In Phase 1, variables such as type of contract and benefits received are important in identifying job-based informal employment. For employment in the informal sector (enterprise-based approach), variables related to the criteria to identify HUEMs (legal organization, bookkeeping and product destination) and informal sector enterprises (size and registration) are tabulated. These criteria are also cross-checked in Phases 1 and 2. Phase 1 Tabulation Plan The Phase 1 tabulation plan covers the minimum possible analytical tables that can be constructed using the data collected through the first phase of the 1-2 Survey. Once data is processed and analyzed, further possibilities may be revealed, e.g. job satisfaction may be cross-tabulated with status in employment, degree of informality, hours worked, etc. Since there is no sample Phase 1 questionnaire, the current tabulation plan is based on the enhanced Labour Force Survey questionnaire from Mongolia. The other project countries will have to customize the tables using the corresponding variables and categories in their national questionnaires. Some important points about the tables: • The tables are constructed using the national definitions of informal employment and informal sector. Following the comparative analysis of the data from the countries, project definitions may be recommended and corresponding tables may be constructed. Each cell in this tabulation plan should give the weighted frequencies. The significant results can be selected to be published in the country report and presented in different units, e.g. as percentages. Each table gives information on the interaction of the enterprise-based and job-based approach to informality and employment. In other words, the informality of the job is cross-tabulated with the informality of the sector in order to delineate the size of informal employment in informal and formal sectors. Each table should be constructed for both the main and secondary jobs.
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Each table is disaggregated by sex so as to investigate the gender dimensions of informal employment and employment in the informal sector. The tables are disaggregated by specified characteristic, i.e. economic activity (ISIC top level) (at least in terms of agricultural versus nonagricultural activities) and by area (urban versus rural), when possible.
The tabulation plan analyzes the key variables that are necessary to calculate the required informal employment estimates and that potentially have an impact on policymaking. The contents of the tables are as follows:
Employed Persons: (Status in employment, informality) by (Type of production unit) o Status in employment== Own-account workers, employers, employees, member of cooperative, unpaid family worker o Type of production unit==incorporated/formal enterprises (private, public, non-profit organization), HUEMs (informal sector enterprises and others), households producing exclusively for own final use (of which households employing paid domestic workers) • (Status in employment, informality) by (Type of production unit, specified characteristic) • (Type of production unit, informality) by (Personal characteristics, specified characteristic) and by (Characteristics of enterprise, specified characteristic): o Personal characteristics==age groups, educational level, occupation, average number of hours worked, job satisfaction o Characteristics of enterprise==sector of employment, private sector of employment, persons engaged in enterprise, place of work Employees: • (Type of production unit, informality) by (Conditions of employment, specified characteristic); o Conditions of employment==type of employment, type of contract, social insurance, paid leave, maternity leave, protection against dismissal, compensation in case of dismissal, promotion, compensation for hazards, additional contributions (Type of production unit, informality) by (Degree of informality, specified characteristic); o Degree of informality== number of benefits available on a scale of 0-9 •
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Own-account workers and Employers: • (Type of production unit) by (specified characteristic); o Specified characteristic==economic activity, area, region
Phase 2 Tabulation Plan The Phase 2 tabulation plan mainly focuses on the standard economic indicators, which are necessary for the construction of the national accounts estimates. The plan also includes some suggested tabulations on the characteristics of HUEMs and informal sector enterprises. The tables are grouped under the following headings: • • • • • • • Output Intermediate Consumption Gross Value Added and Working Hours Gross Capital Formation and Rent National Accounts (production account and income account) Key Economic Indicators by Enterprise Characteristics Key Economic Indicators by ISIC Division
Since not all project countries included policy variables in their Phase 2 questionnaire, policy tables are not a part of this sample tabulation plan. Countries are encouraged, however, to elaborate tables including the policy variables of interest from the following sections: Business Environment; Problems and Prospects and; Bank, Microfinance Institutions and Other Support Structures.
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