Respiratory and Circulation Systems of the Human Body[2]

The Show of the Century Best viewed at full screen and high Human Respiratory System Diagram Ti tl e Pa g e Best viewed at full screen Pharynx Nasal Passag e Bronchiol e Alveoli Trachea Bronchi Respiratory System created Hi I am O2 ,you can call me oxygen, and I will be your guide today. I advise you keep all feet and hands inside the ride at all times. Oxygen Cell JH You may be asking, what is the Respiratory system? Well, the Respiratory system is the system that helps you breath in and out, so oxygen (02) can be pumped through your body and carbon dioxide (CO2) can be removed from the blood stream. You must remember that the Respiratory system is made up of many different organs. Re s p i ra to In ry tro JH Nasal Passage Here We Go!!! Where are we? Tongue Pharyn x Bronchi Tubes Alveoli (air-sacs) Thin-walled blood vessels called capillaries The Trachea is held open by partial rings of cartilage. Bronchioles pass air to and from your alveoli. Very thin cells line the alveoli so that O2 and CO2 can pass in and outJH of Picture Intro Here is a overview picture of the Respiratory System. Just go to the next slide to see it. MB Nasal Cavity Nose Mouth Respiratory Overview Picture Throat (pharynx) Windpipe (Trachea) Bronchus Bronchiole Left lungs Ribs Alveolus Diaphragm MB Now we will begin our tour. Welcome to… Welcome MB The Nose and Mouth This is where it all begins. This is where the oxygen first enters your body and also where Carbon Dioxide leaves. MB The Nose and Mouth When the air comes into your nose it gets filtered by tiny hairs and it is moistened by the mucus that is in your nose. Your sinuses also help out with your Respiratory System. They help to moisten and heat the air that you breath. Air can also get into your body through your mouth/oral cavity but air is not filtered as much when it enters in through your mouth. MB Nose and Mouth Picture Nasal Cavity Nostril Oral Cavity Pharyn x Here is a picture of your nasal and oral cavity. MB Where are We? Nasal Passage We are here. Tongue Pharyn x Bronchi Tubes Alveoli (air-sacs) Thin-walled blood vessels called capillaries The Trachea is held open by partial rings of cartilage. Bronchioles pass air to and from your alveoli. Very thin cells line the alveoli so that O2 and CO2 can pass in and out of MB The Pharynx and Trachea Next we will head down to your pharynx (throat) and your trachea (windpipe). This is where the air passes from your nose to your bronchi tubes and lungs. MB The Pharynx and Trachea Mouth Pharynx (Throat) Trachea Your pharynx (throat) gathers air after it passes through your nose and then the air is passed down to your trachea (windpipe). Your trachea is held open by “incomplete rings of cartilage.” Without these rings your trachea might close off and air would not be able to get to and from your lungs. MB Where are We? Nasal Passage Tongue Pharyn x We are here. Bronchi Tubes Alveoli (air-sacs) The Trachea is held open by partial rings of cartilage. Bronchioles pass air to and from your alveoli. Very thin cells line the alveoli so that O2 and CO2 can pass in and out of Thin-walled blood vessels called capillaries MB The Bronchi Tubes and Bronchiole Intro Your trachea (windpipe) splits up into two bronchi tubes. These two tubes keep splitting up and form your bronchiole. MB The Bronchi Tubes and Bronchiole These bronchi tubes split up, like tree branches, and get smaller and smaller inside your lungs. The air flows past your bronchi tubes and into your bronchiole. These tubes keep getting smaller and smaller until they finally end with small air sacs (called alveoli). But we will go there later… MB Alveoli and Bronchi Picture Trache a Bronchi Tubes Bronchiole Alveoli MB Where are We? Nasal Passage Tongue Pharyn x Bronchi Tubes Alveoli (air-sacs) Thin-walled blood We are here. vessels called capillaries The Trachea is held open by partial rings of cartilage. Bronchioles pass air to and from your alveoli. Very thin cells line the alveoli so that O2 and CO2 can pass in and out of MB The Alveoli and Capillary Network Now we will head over to the alveoli and what happens when the air finally makes it down there. MB The Alveoli and Capillary Network Your alveoli are tiny air sacs that fill up with air/oxygen when you breath in. Your alveoli are surrounded by many tiny blood vessels called capillaries. The walls of your alveoli (and capillaries) are so thin that the oxygen or carbon dioxide can pass through them, traveling right into, or out of your blood stream. MB Alveoli Picture Here is a close up picture of your Alveoli and a Capillary surrounding it. Wall of the air sac Capillary Carbon Dioxide is dropped off Oxygen is picked up Red Blood Cell MB Where are We? Nasal Passage Tongue Pharyn x Bronchi Tubes Alveoli (air-sacs) Thin-walled blood vessels called capillaries The Trachea is held open by partial rings of cartilage. Bronchioles pass air to and from your alveoli. Very thin cells line the alveoli so that O2 and CO2 can pass in and out of We are here. MB Al v e o l u s Bronchiole Respiratory Bronchiole Alveolar Duct Alveolar Sac Capillaries JH L o o k i n a t th Al e l i g e v o Lets take a closer look shall we. JH Red blood cell carrying Carbon dioxide Ch e m i c a s l Chemical change is taking place in cell Red blood cell carrying oxygen Alveolus Contiguous Basal Laminae (Membrane) Capillary JH Oxygen Di ffu s i o n Carbon Dioxide Oxygen diffuses through the membrane into the blood stream. Carbon Dioxide diffuses through the membrane and enters the alveolus. Alveolus Contiguous Basal Laminae (Membran Capillary * A specialized thin layer of skin that oxygen and carbon dioxide can pass through. JH Co o l p i ctu s re JH I n t r o t o D i a p h r a g m Now we will look at the Diaphragm. You might be wondering, what does the Diaphragm do? The Diaphragm is an important factor in breathing. JH Diagram of Diaphragm JH Here is an experiment that you can try. Di a p h ra g Exp e me t m ri n JH 1st you need a bottle that you can sacrifice to cut up. Experiment Instructions 2nd you cut the bottom of the bottle and put a big balloon on the bottom. 3rd get a rubber cork ( make sure it blocks the hole)and put a hole through it ( top to bottom). Insert a thin tube into the cork and place a balloon on the bottom of the tube. 4th make sure the thing is airtight. JH CO2 Air Passing over the Inside the lungs the mucus membrane of the Bronchi branch into nasal cavity is moistened, small tubes called bronchioles warmed, and filtered The Pharynx, or throat, is located where passages from the nose and mouth came together. Respiratory Overview Review At the end of the bronchioles are bunches of alveoli, air sacs, arranged like grapes on a stem Air enters the If one lobe is injured or diseased, the other lobes may be able to function normally trachea, or wind pipe which leads to and from the lungs The trachea divides into two tubes called bronchi JH Fun Facts rest, the body takes in and breathes out about 10 liters of air each minute. * The right lung is slightly larger than the left. * The highest recorded "sneeze speed" is 165 km per hour. * The surface area of the lungs is roughly the same size as a tennis court. * The capillaries in the lungs would extend 1,600 kilometers if placed end to end. * We lose half a liter of water a day through breathing. This is the water vapor we see when we breathe onto glass. * A person at rest usually breathes between 12 and 15 times a minute. * The breathing rate is faster in children and women than in men. * At Key Words • • • Respiratory System- The group of organs in your body that are responsible for taking in Oxygen and breathing out the Carbon Dioxide which is the waste product of cellular respiration. Oxygen-The gas that your body needs to work and function. Carbon Dioxide- The waste product (gas) that is produced through respiration of people and animals. Nose/Nasal Cavity- Where Oxygen first enters your body. Tiny hairs help filter the air and air is moistened and heated by your nose. Your Nose leads into your Nasal Cavity. Mouth/Oral Cavity- Oxygen/air can also enter through your Mouth but it is not filtered. Your Mouth opens up into your Oral Cavity. Sinus- A cavity in the bones of your skull that helps moisten and heat the air that you breath. Pharynx/Throat- Gathers air from your Nasal and Oral Cavities and passes it to your Trachea. Trachea/Windpipe- A tube like pathway that connects your throat to your Bronchi Tubes and lungs. Air passes through it when it travels from the Pharynx to the Bronchi Tubes. • • • • • Key Words Cont. • • • • • • • • Bronchi Tubes- Each tube (one per lung) splits up into many smaller tubes called Bronchiole, like branches on a tree. Bronchiole- Keep splitting up until they reach your Alveoli. Respiratory Bronchiole- The air-tubes that are actually connected to the Alveoli. Alveolar Duct- The final tube, which is part of the Alveoli, that leads to the air-sacs. Alveolar Sac- Where the chemical change takes place and where blood cells pick up oxygen and drop off carbon dioxide. Alveoli- Tiny air-sacs at the end of your Alveolar Duct. They fill up with Oxygen and are surrounded by Capillaries. Capillaries- Tiny blood streams (around one cell wide) that surround your Alveoli. They take Oxygen out of our Lungs and replace it with Carbon Dioxide, which you later breath out. Diaphragm- The muscle membrane that helps you breath in and out by changing the pressure in your chest cavity. Works Cited For more information please visit: • • • • • • • • http://yucky.kids.discovery.com/flash/body/pg000138.html -Why do you need to breathe? And basic info on parts of the Respiratory system http://www.lung.ca/children/grades7_12/respiratory/index.html -An overview of the parts of Respiratory System http://www4.tpgi.com.au/users/amcgann/body/respiratory.html -A basic look at the Respiratory System http://www4.tpgi.com.au/users/amcgann/body/respiratory_facts.html -Fun Facts http://users.pandora.be/educypedia/education/respiratory.htm -Very detailed info and some animation-Has many other body systems too http://www.bioedonline.org/slides/slide01.cfm?tk=5&pg=2S -Web slides with a little info and good pictures www.geocities.com/medinotes/nasal_cavity.htm -The Nose and Nasal Cavity Human anatomy coloring book Works Cited Cont. Where we got some of our pictures: http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/img/pe01021.gif http://www.sirinet.net/~jgjohnso/respiratorylungs.gif http://academic.pg.cc.md.us/~aimholtz/AandP/206_ONLIN E/Resp/Images/respstructures.jpg http://www.cancersa.org.au/files/1/2/17/226/airwaysfullylabelled. jpg http://www.researchmatters.harvard.edu/photos/645.jpg http://www4.tpgi.com.au/users/amcgann/body/respiratory.html http://www.sirinet.net/~jgjohnso/humanrespiratory8.jpg • • • • Prepare Your Cranium For The Further Insertion of Knowledge Title Page Circulatory System Created by Caltex American School Duri, Indonesia Introduction • • • • The Circulatory System is the main cooling and transportation system for the human body The body has about 5 liters of blood continuously traveling through it by way of the Circulatory System In the Circulatory System, the heart, lungs, and blood vessels have to work together The Circulatory System has three different parts: pulmonary circulation (lungs), coronary circulation (heart), and systemic circulation, (the rest of the system’s processes). This organ is what pumps oxygen rich blood, nutrients, hormones, and the other things your body needs to maintain your health, to your organs and (Superior Vena Cava) tissues. From the Body The pulmonary veins you see on the right side of the diagram come from your lungs, where the blood cells collect oxygen. It’s then pumped out to the rest of the body through the Aorta (Top). All of the blue sections show blood cells carrying waste, (C02) moving back to the lungs (where the C02 will be replaced by oxygen) through the Pulmonary Artery (Top, blue) The Heart Pulmonary Artery (Aortic Artery) To the body Pulmonary Veins Valves: (tricuspid valve semilunar (pulmonary) valve, bicuspid (mitral) valve, and the semilunar (aortic) valve By The Way… (Inferior Vena Cava) From the Body Whenever the blood is pumped from one section of the heart another a valve closes behind it preventing the blood from moving backwards. Blood Flow through Heart • Blood from the body travels into the right atrium, moves into the right ventricle, and is finally pushed into lungs in the pulmonary arteries The blood then picks up oxygen and travels back to the heart into the left atrium through the pulmonary veins The blood then travels through the to the Left Ventricle and exits to the body through the Aorta… Left Atrium Right Atrium • • Blood Flow to Arms • Oxygen rich blood leaves the heart and travels through arteries • In the capillaries the oxygen and food is given to the body’s cells • The blood finally travels back through veins to the heart to pick up oxygen ARTERIES- FROM HEART CAPILLARIES VEINS- TO HEART Path to the Exchange Pulmonary Vein Aorta Brachial Artery Renal Artery Redial Artery Ulnar Artery Iliac Artery A red blood cell then travels from the heart through arteries that eventually branch into the body’s vast system of capillaries (microscopic blood vessels which connect arteries and veins), they eventually lead to… The Exchange Oxy-Rich Blood Cell When the itty bitty teeny tiny red blood cells pass the desired tissue they………………………………. Tissue TRANSACT The oxygen the blood cells are carrying is given to the body’s tissue. And the CO2 (waste) from the tissue is given to the same blood cell to be exhaled. Tissue Oxy-Poor Blood Cell How It Works… Technically the Hemoglobin in the blood (a substance full of iron) attracts oxygen from the lungs. The red blood cell then carries it to the desired tissue. Because this tissue has a high CO 2 count the hemoglobin lets go of its oxygen and collects the carbon dioxide. You see the hemoglobin has an affinity for whichever gas has a greater count. Because the tissue has a large amount of built up waste (CO2) the hemoglobin attracts it and then replaces it with oxygen, and vise versa in the lungs. Now lets travel to the legs Blood Flow to Legs !FUN FACT! • Approximately 500 ml of blood moves from the heart and lungs down to the legs when a person stands up after lying down • The oxygen rich blood cells then travel through the capillaries where yet another… Gas Exchange Occurs, The oxygen and CO2 are exchanged…in the cells Oxygen Rich Tissue Don’t forget that the Hemoglobin in the blood cells let go of the cell’s oxygen because of the large CO2 (waste) count in the tissue. Oxygen Poor Oxygen Rich Oxygen Poor Circulation back to Heart To upper body From upper body To lung To lung From lung Right Atrium From lung • • • Left Atrium Right Ventricle From lower body Left Ventricle To lower body Capillaries carry the blood to… Venules that connect to veins and the… Veins (wide blood vessels) carries the oxygen-poor blood back to the heart. Conclusion As you have learned (Hopefully) the Circulatory System is one of the most important systems in the human body… It is the only reason you’re still alive today… and you can attribute the cooling down, feeding of and protection of your So the next time you bust open body to it. your leg skateboarding you can thank your Circulatory System for patching you up. Works Cited For further information please visit: • • • • • • • • • • http://www.carolguze.com/images/organsystems/circulatory2.jpg -circulation picture http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/C/Circulation2.html -how circulatory system works • http://www.medical-art-service.de/assets/images/3_KA_704.jpg -Heart and Leg Pictures http://www.ama-assn.org/ama1/pub/upload/images/446/circulationgeneral.gif -circulation picture http://eduserv.hscer.washington.edu/hubio553/atlas/232.html -arm picture http://adam.about.com/encyclopedia/19387.html -heart picture http://www.tmc.edu/thi/anatomy1.html -detailed views of the Cardiovascular System http://www.tmc.edu/thi/leg.jpg -complex leg picture http://www.med.umich.edu/1libr/wha/circ.gif- diagram of the circulatory system http://images.google.co.id/imgres?imgurl=http://www4.tpgi.com.au/users/amcgann/body/circulat ory/body_circulation.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www4.tpgi.com.au/users/amcgann/body/circulatory.ht ml&h=369&w=300&sz=23&tbnid=rSdZ_CMJpBYJ:&tbnh=117&tbnw=95&start=123&prev=/imag es%3Fq%3Dcirculatory%2Bsystem%26start%3D120%26hl%3Den%26lr%3D%26ie%3DUTF8%26sa%3D -picture of heart valves http://eduserv.hscer.washington.edu/hubio553/atlas/232.html -basic picture of arteries Th e En d So Take a Deep Breath and Go Home