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Exhaust and Emission Systems
TEL 353 Sec 520 Gary A. Gifford
Lesson Outline
Gasses that need to be controlled Compression Emission system components Exhaust system components Manifold Catalytic converter Muffler
Gases:
Carbon monoxide CO (odorless/colorless) Carbon dioxide CO2 (good gas) Hydrocarbons HC Sulfur SOX Phosphors Lead Oxides of Nitrogen (Brown smog, hangs in air)
Fuel Systems
Air to gas ratio Fuel injection Carburetion Stoichiometric (perfect or ideal mix)
Compression
Temperature of chamber Compression ratio Efficiency
14.7:1
Compression Chamber
Hemispherical Design -horsepower Improvements
-ratios of
9.5:1 or 10:1
Total Emissions From Car
Crankcase Emissions 20% 20%
Fuel Evaporation
60%
Exhaust Emission
Definitions:
PCV- pos. crankcase ventilation TAC- thermostatic air cleaner AIR- air injection system EES- evaporative emission system EGR- exhaust gas recirculation CAT- catalytic converter CECS- computerized emission control system
ECM (Electronic Control Module)
TAC
EGR ECM CAT
TAC
Exhaust System
Header/Manifold CAT Muffler Exhaust pipe Tail pipe
Catalytic Converter
Catalytic Converter
In HC CO AIR
Out
CO2 H2o
Muffler
Exhaust Pipe & Tailpipe
Exhaust pipes: Used to conduct exhaust gases between the other exhaust system components. Tailpipe: The final pipe in the exhaust system which exits to the atmosphere.
Exhaust System Factors
Dual Exhaust Systems
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Increases power Reduces back pressure 2 CAT converters Cost ?
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