1 BEST PRACTICE MANURE HANDLING 1. Project idea 1.1
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PROJEKTIDÉ BEST PRACTICE MANURE 2009‐05‐07
BEST PRACTICE MANURE HANDLING
1. Project idea
By mapping phosphorus and nitrogen loads to the Baltic Sea, specifically from intensive livestock
farming, and by identifying best available techniques (best practice) for manure handling, Baltic Sea
2020 aim to implement three concrete actions with the overall objective to reduce nutrient loads to
the Baltic Sea:
1. Distribution of Information of “Best Practice”.
2. Lobbying activities to improve EU/IPPC recommendations for best available manure handling
techniques
3. Demonstration projects
1.1 Project background
Consultations have been done on the value and potential for Baltic Sea2020 to address manure
handling at intensive livestock farming with e.g. HELCOM, Swedish Institute of Agricultural and
Environmental Engineering, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Swedish Environmental
Institute and the Federation for Swedish Farmers. There is concordance on the importance to reduce
nutrient leakage from intensive livestock farms to the Baltic Sea, through technical development and
spreading of “Best Practices”.
1.2 Ongoing initiatives
There are quite a number of ongoing initiatives to reduce nutrient leakage in Russia ‐, Leningrad and
Kaliningrad Oblast, mainly from poultry and cattle farms.
• NEFCO, HELCOM, Finnish Consulting Group, Baltic Sea Action Group, Swedish University of
Agricultural Sciences, Swedish Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering are
some of the actors. NIB, EU and SIDA are main financers.
• Implemented scientific projects to develop manure storage combined with biogas production
or refining manure to pellet fertilizers are now ready to be tested as pilot projects.
Fewer initiatives have been identified in the region related to manure handling at intensive swine
farms.
1.3 Project delimitations
Geographically: The largest reduction effect is probably achieved if Baltic Sea 2020 focuses on
developing Best Practice in EU member states rather than in Russia/Belarus/Ukraine. The EU IPPC
Directive requires that intensive livestock farming of a certain size shall use best available technique
to avoid discharges of nitrogen and phosphorus to air and water. EU subsidies can be granted for
measures to reduce nutrient leakage from livestock farms in EU member states.
According to the EU Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC) directive, is the EU
Commission required to organize exchange of information between member states and livestock
farms on best available techniques to reduce pollution (e.g. nitrogen and phosphorus). Hence there
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PROJEKTIDÉ BEST PRACTICE MANURE 2009‐05‐07
are prerequisites for identified best practice to be acknowledged and used on a larger scale within
EU, and thus have a significant effect on the Baltic Sea.
Livestock: Baltic Sea 2020 should focus its research on industrial pig farms > 2 000 swine/750 sows1.
Fewer existing initiatives and projects have been identified in relation to poultry and cattle, hence
Baltic Sea 2020 initiative would complement ongoing activities. Pig farms do not have the the same
potential as cattle farms to use manure as fertilizer on own fodder fields, hence the nutrient leakage
reduction potential should be larger for swine farms than for cattle farms.
2. The Project
Phase 1
Purpose: Fact finding for decision: Can an initiative to identify”Best Practice Manure Handling”
significantly reduce eutrophication of the Baltic Sea? What is the reduction potential for such a
project? What kind of intensive livestock farms should the project focus on?
Objective: To estimate the yearly leakage of nitrogen and phosphorus to the Baltic Sea from intensive
livestock farms, and relate it to other discharge sources.
Time plan: April 21 ‐ June 18, 2009.
Executor: Baltic Nest Institute with support from Baltic Sea 2020.
End product: A report with updated statistics of number of intensive livestock farms larger than 2 000
swine/750 sows and + 40 000 poultry in all countries within the Baltic Sea catchment area. An
estimate of the yearly discharge of nitrogen and phosphorus from these farms, per country and
totally, considering retention.
Phase 2
Purpose: Fact finding for decision: What is best available technology for manure handling for the type
of intensive livestock farms identified in phase 1. What is the effectiveness of the IPPC directive in
disseminating information on best available technologies, and in supporting implementation of this
technology?
Objective: To identify best available technology (related to nutrient discharge reduction potential and
cost efficiency) for manure handling. To relate the identified technology with currently implemented
techniques within EU memberstates. To evaluate the effectiveness in EU information sharing on best
available technology, as stated in the IPPC directive through an email questionnaire.
Time plan: August 15– October 15 2009.
Executor: External consultant
End product: Report with identified best available technology for manure handling, and a statement
on the effectiveness of EU information spreading on “Best Practice”.
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This delimitation is preliminary and can be adjusted according to the report from project phase 1.
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PROJEKTIDÉ BEST PRACTICE MANURE 2009‐05‐07
Phase 3
Purpose: Based on the technology identified in Phase 2, for the type of intensive livestock farms
identified in phase 1, formation of a project to reduce nutrient discharges from intensive livestock
farms in the Baltic Sea Catchment.
Objective: To present a project proposal at the Baltic Sea 2020 board meeting on November 18.
Foreseen possible activities:
1. Dissemination of information
2. Lobbying activities to improve EU/IPPC recommendations.
3. Demonstrations projects
Time plan: October 16– November 18, 2009.
Executor: Baltic Sea 2020 with support of consultant n Phase 2.
2.1 Time plan
Decision points
May June July August October 18 November
Activity
Phase 1. Fact finding Phase 2. Best practice Phase 3. Develop actions
‐ Describe nitrogen and ‐ Identify and evaluate ‐ Based on findings in phase
phosphorous load in Baltic current available best 2 draw up projects for
Sea from industrial animal technology for manure implementation, e.g.:
farms handling as well as o Information activities
‐ Identify and contract project promising innovations. o Lobbying activities to
leader for phase 2 ‐ Based on above, elaborate improve EU/IPPC
‐ Develop position paper a proposal for action for recommendations
‐ Prepare press release Baltic Sea 2020. ‐ Prepare press release and
‐ Identify related projects ‐ Prepare press release initiate actions
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